Genetics Quiz

Genetics QuizGenetics Quiz

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Question 1Question 1

The man considered the father of The man considered the father of modern genetics, who also determined modern genetics, who also determined how genes are inherited ishow genes are inherited is::

Charles DarwinLouis PasteurIsaac NewtonGregor Mendel

Question 1 Correct!Question 1 Correct!Gregor Mendel, an Augustinian monk, is Gregor Mendel, an Augustinian monk, is considered the father of modern genetics. considered the father of modern genetics. Mendel’s work with pea plants resulted in Mendel’s work with pea plants resulted in a basic understanding of how traits are a basic understanding of how traits are passed on from generation to generation. passed on from generation to generation. Since the principles of heredity are similar Since the principles of heredity are similar for all higher life forms, Mendel’s work for all higher life forms, Mendel’s work with pea plants was relevant to many with pea plants was relevant to many other species as well.other species as well.

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Question 1 IncorrectQuestion 1 Incorrect

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In higher organisms the genetic In higher organisms the genetic material, or DNA, is usually located material, or DNA, is usually located within what part of the cell?within what part of the cell?

CytoplasmRibosomeEndoplasmic reticulumNucleus


The basis of all hereditary material is The basis of all hereditary material is DNA. DNA is made from:DNA. DNA is made from:

a nitrogen containing basea phosphate moleculea sugar moleculeall the above


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Question 3 Correct!Question 3 Correct!

DNA consists of double helix or DNA consists of double helix or twisted ladder formation held twisted ladder formation held together at the rungs by nitrogen-together at the rungs by nitrogen-containing bases. The sides of the containing bases. The sides of the ladder consist of sugars and ladder consist of sugars and phosphates. One unit of a phosphates. One unit of a nitrogenous base, sugar and nitrogenous base, sugar and phosphate is referred to as a phosphate is referred to as a nucleotide.nucleotide.Go to question 4


The hereditary material of a cell, DNA, is The hereditary material of a cell, DNA, is located within the nucleus of the cell located within the nucleus of the cell unless the cell is undergoing cell division. unless the cell is undergoing cell division. Simple life forms, such as bacteria, do not Simple life forms, such as bacteria, do not have a specialized structure that contains have a specialized structure that contains the DNA. the DNA.

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This type of gene completely expresses This type of gene completely expresses its effect or outcome on an organism its effect or outcome on an organism regardless of the makeup of the other regardless of the makeup of the other gene within a gene pair.gene within a gene pair.

recessive genedominant gene or alleleautosome


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A dominant gene or allele will express A dominant gene or allele will express itself regardless of what the other gene of itself regardless of what the other gene of the pair may be. For example, if T is the pair may be. For example, if T is completely dominant for tallness, then a completely dominant for tallness, then a plant will be tall with each of the following plant will be tall with each of the following gene pairs: TT or Tt. gene pairs: TT or Tt.

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The physical traits or appearance of an The physical traits or appearance of an organism is determined by the genetic organism is determined by the genetic material inherited from their parents. The material inherited from their parents. The word used to describe one's inherited word used to describe one's inherited appearance is:appearance is:

PhenotypeGenotypeHomozygoteHeterozygote


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Phenotype is the traits and observable Phenotype is the traits and observable physical appearance an organism physical appearance an organism acquires as a result of the specific genes it acquires as a result of the specific genes it inherits. If T is completely dominant for inherits. If T is completely dominant for tallness, then we could say that a plant tallness, then we could say that a plant with a T gene has a phenotype or with a T gene has a phenotype or appearance of tall.appearance of tall.

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The combination of genes that an organism The combination of genes that an organism inherits from its biological parents are inherits from its biological parents are unique to each individual. The actual genes unique to each individual. The actual genes an organism possesses is referred to as its:an organism possesses is referred to as its:

Gene poolPhenotypeGenotypeGenetic code


An organism's genotype is the set of genes An organism's genotype is the set of genes possessed in a gene pair or within the entire possessed in a gene pair or within the entire organism. If a plant had inherited the genes T t organism. If a plant had inherited the genes T t for height we would say that its genotype for height we would say that its genotype consists of the genes "Tt." Genotype does not consists of the genes "Tt." Genotype does not take into account the appearance of an take into account the appearance of an organism. organism.

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Question 7Question 7For years humans have experimented with For years humans have experimented with the mating of different strains of plants and the mating of different strains of plants and animals to produce superior offspring. When animals to produce superior offspring. When two genetically different strains of organisms two genetically different strains of organisms mate, the offspring that result are referred to mate, the offspring that result are referred to as:as:

PurebredsHybridsHomozygotesMutants

Question 7 Correct!Question 7 Correct!When two genetically different When two genetically different parents mate, the offspring that result parents mate, the offspring that result are called hybrids. The intent of are called hybrids. The intent of hybridization is to produce offspring hybridization is to produce offspring that contain the best qualities of both that contain the best qualities of both parents, a condition referred to as parents, a condition referred to as hybrid vigor. Hybridization may result hybrid vigor. Hybridization may result in benefits such as higher yielding in benefits such as higher yielding agricultural products. agricultural products.

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One of the most important characteristics of One of the most important characteristics of DNA and genes is that they can be passed on DNA and genes is that they can be passed on from generation to generation. The process from generation to generation. The process that allows DNA to copy itself so it can be that allows DNA to copy itself so it can be passed on to future generations is called:passed on to future generations is called:

ReplicationDuplicationDuplicationDeletionDeletionMutationMutation


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The process of DNA replication The process of DNA replication is what allows DNA to be is what allows DNA to be passed on from one generation passed on from one generation to the next. As a result, each of to the next. As a result, each of your biological parents your biological parents contributed a roughly equal contributed a roughly equal amount of DNA to you. amount of DNA to you.

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Confusion often exists concerning the Confusion often exists concerning the difference between a gene and a difference between a gene and a chromosome. A gene:chromosome. A gene:

Is a segment of DNA that codes for a specific trait or proteinIs a segment of DNA that codes for a specific trait or proteinIs located on a chromosomeIs located on a chromosomeOccurs in pairsOccurs in pairsAll the above are correctAll the above are correct



Question 9 Correct!Question 9 Correct!A gene is segment of DNA or a A gene is segment of DNA or a portion of a chromosome that portion of a chromosome that codes for a specific trait or codes for a specific trait or protein. Genes, which are protein. Genes, which are located on chromosomes, occur located on chromosomes, occur in pairs with one gene of the pair in pairs with one gene of the pair coming from each biological coming from each biological parent. Numerous genes are parent. Numerous genes are usually located on one usually located on one chromosome.chromosome.

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It is often beneficial for scientists to consider It is often beneficial for scientists to consider the sum total of all of the genes that may the sum total of all of the genes that may exist within a reproducing population at any exist within a reproducing population at any given moment. The aggregate of genes given moment. The aggregate of genes present in a population is referred to as the:present in a population is referred to as the:

Human genomeHuman genomeGene poolGene poolGenetic mapGenetic mapGene flowGene flow


The gene pool consists of the total The gene pool consists of the total collection of genes that exists within a collection of genes that exists within a population at any given time. This would population at any given time. This would include all the genes present within the include all the genes present within the reproductive members of the population reproductive members of the population from which sex cells could be derived.from which sex cells could be derived.

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Thank you for taking Thank you for taking the genetics quiz, the genetics quiz, hopefully you did well, hopefully you did well, if not, then study up if not, then study up because our unit test because our unit test is soon!is soon!



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Genetics Quiz