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INTEGRATING GENDER

IN ALTERNATIVE BUDGET INITIATIVESON ENVIRONMENT, CLIMATE CHANGE &

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

La Liga Policy Institute, February 6, 2012

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CLIMATE CHANGE: PHILIPPINE REALTIES

Environment budget less than 1%

Efforts geared towards integration of CC & DRR

Not a major GHG emitter

#2 in terms of vulnerability to climate change Vulnerability due to:

Location and geography;

Economic dependence on climate-sensitive agriculture

and fisheries, agro-industry, and tourism; Degraded environment; and,

Limited resources (both public and private) to mitigateand adapt to climate change.

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PHILIPPINE GHG EMMISSIONS

49%

32%

10%

9%

% of GHG EmissionEnergy Agriculture Industry Waste

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THE PREVAILING AND MISTAKEN VIEW

AMONG POLICY-MAKERS IS THATCLIMATE CHANGE AND FINANCING FOR

ADAPTATION AND MITIGATION

ARE GENDER-NEUTRAL.

PERALTA, 2008

CLIMATE CHANGE THROUGH A GENDER LENS

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CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT

Effects of climate change is unevenly distributedamong countries and social classes. Less developed

countries and poor people that contribute least to

GHG emissions will actually be hardest hit (IPCC2007).

Also across gender!

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CC impacts tend to be more severe on women than

men because of their different roles in society due togendered norms and womens weaker socio-economicstatus vis--vis men (Brody et al. 2008; IUCN 2007;Lambrou and Piana 2006).

Food, water, health, and energy all of which areparticularly affected by climate change are the basis

of womens livelihoods and fall within the purview oftheir responsibilities(IUCN 2007).

GENDER CONSIDERATIONS

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Research findings indicate that womens economic

insecurity increases more than mens in the aftermath

of natural disasters (Enarson 2000).

Women recover more slowly than men from economiclosses due to damage to property and loss of

livelihood.

Moreover, womens lack of property rights and control

over natural resources aggravated by their limited

access to information, education, credit, and

technologies translate to fewer means to deal with

climate change.

GENDER CONSIDERATIONS:

SOCIO ECONOMIC

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GENDER CONSIDERATIONS:

CLIMATE CHANGE

At the same time, women tend to contribute less thanmen to GHG emissions (Lambrou and Piana 2006).

Case studies also suggest that women have a better

understanding of the causes and consequences ofclimate change and have the knowledge and skills tomitigate and adapt to it (OConnor et al. 1998; Rhr2007).

Yet, they are consistently underrepresented in policyand decision making around climate change at thelocal, national, and global levels (Brody et al. 2008;IUCN 2007).

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SOME STARTING POINTS

Concretized and implement the polluter pays and shared

but differentiated principles (even across gender)

Gender disaggregated data and information

Integrating gender indicators in vulnerability assessment

instruments, environment impact assessment, hazard

mapping et.al.

Participation in policy review, planning, localization

initiatives (gender enhanced CC & DRR response) Womens participation in environment-related governance

mechanisms: PAMBs, Airshed Board, Organic Agriculture

Board/ Council, Local Development Council

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REFERENCES

Ronquillo, Morala and Gabriel. Not Much Time, But Not Without Options. La Liga

Policy Institute. August 2010.

Ronquillo and Morala. Financing Climate Change Actions: A Must for the 2010

Budget. La Liga Policy Institute. September 2009.

Peralta, Athena. Gender and Climate Change Finance: A Case Study from the

Philippines. Womens Environment and Development Organization. November 2008. Arriola and Morala. Assessment of Gender Mainstreaming Policies of DENR. La Liga

Policy Institute. March 2006.

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