Dept. Fisiologi FK USUdr.Nuraiza Meutia, M.Biomed

Menjelaskan peran kontrol sistem saraf terhadap sistem lainnya dalam tubuh manusia

In order to maintain homeostasis, the nervous system integrates with other systems.

The nervous system coordinate appropriate responses to bring the condition back to within normal limits.

The response has 3 primary components : input signal, integration of the signal, & output signal.

Figure 14.7

Controls contraction of arrector pilli muscles and secretion of sweat glands

Figure 5.1

Figure 10.9d

Controls skeletal muscle contractions that promote bone thickening and maintenance and determine bone position

Controls skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle contractions ; coordinates respiratory, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular activities.

Figure 10.10a

Figure 16.5

Controls pituitary gland and medulla of adrenal gland; secretes ADH and oxytocin, & catecholamines

Figure 20.21

Modifies heart rate and blood pressure

The nervous system can apparently adjust the sensitivity of the immune response :

1. the CNS innervates dendritic cells in the lymph nodes & spleen, & Langerhans cells in the skin. The nerve endings release neurotransmitters that exaggerate and enhance local immune responses (e.g. Some skin conditions worsen when a person is under stress)

2. neuroglia in the CNS produce cytokines that promote an immune response.

Figure 22.7

Controls pace and depth of respiration

Regulates digestive tract movement and secretion

Sympathetic Innervation:

Adjusts rate of urine formation by regulate afferent arterioles diameter

Stimulates release of renin

Figure 26–20 (Navigator)

Controls sexual behaviors and function

Figure 24.27

Frederic H. Martini. Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology.5th Ed. Prentice-Hall. 2001. pp :399-400,

Agamemnon Despopoulos & Stefan Silbernagl. Color Atlas of Physiology. 5 th Ed. Thieme. 2003.

Elaine N.Marieb. Human Anatomy and Physiology. 6th Ed. Benjamin Cumming. 2004.

Dee Unglaub Silverthorn. Human Physiology an Integrated Approach. 2nd Ed. Prentice Hall. 2001.