FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT SCREEN Brad Eggebraaten PT, SCS, ATC

FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT

SCREEN

Brad Eggebraaten PT, SCS, ATC

Optimum Performance Pyramid

Functional Movement

Functional Performance

Functional Skill


Mobility

ROM / flexibility

Stability

core stability / neuromuscular control

Testing

FMS / Y balance test

Functional Movement


Kinetic linking movements gross movement not isolationPower production movements Olympic lifts / plyometrics

Testing vertical leap / medicine ball toss



Sports specific training

Control and proper technique

coaching / video analysis

Testing

3 point shooting / baseball infield testing

Functional Skill

Key question

Functional Movement


Functional Skill

Are we building fitness and skill on top of dysfunction?

What is the FMS?What is the FMS?

• A series of movements designed to evaluate A series of movements designed to evaluate stability and mobility (i.e. functional movement)stability and mobility (i.e. functional movement)

• Uses extreme positions where weaknesses and Uses extreme positions where weaknesses and imbalances become noticeableimbalances become noticeable

• Ultimate goal is to identify athletes at increased Ultimate goal is to identify athletes at increased risk for injuryrisk for injury

Key PrinciplesKey Principles

• Optimum functional movementOptimum functional movement– Balance between mobility and stabilityBalance between mobility and stability

• Tightness = weaknessTightness = weakness– Example :Example :

» Hamstring seemingly become tight when the core is Hamstring seemingly become tight when the core is too weak to control the pelvistoo weak to control the pelvis

» Targeting the tightness only will result in a short Targeting the tightness only will result in a short term gain at bestterm gain at best

Functional Movement ScreenFunctional Movement Screen

• Consists of 7 tasksConsists of 7 tasks• Scored 0 (lowest) through III (highest)Scored 0 (lowest) through III (highest)

– Lowest score counts on bilateral testsLowest score counts on bilateral tests

• Best possible score = 21Best possible score = 21

Scoring the FMSScoring the FMS™™

III – Able to complete taskIII – Able to complete task

II – Able to complete task with compensationII – Able to complete task with compensation

I – Unable to complete the task I – Unable to complete the task

0 – Pain during test (or clearing exam)0 – Pain during test (or clearing exam)

Max Score = 21 pointsMax Score = 21 points

Also looking for asymmetryAlso looking for asymmetry

Asymmetry

• musculo-skeletal asymmetry is a well established risk factor for injury

Ekstrand & Gillquist, 1983; Knapik et al., 1991; Baumhauer et al., 1995; Nadler et al., 2000; Soderman et al., 2001; Plisky et al., 2006; Myer et al., 2008; Yeung et al., 2009

Functional Movement ScreenFunctional Movement Screen

• Deep SquatDeep Squat• Hurdle StepHurdle Step• In-line LungeIn-line Lunge• Shoulder MobilityShoulder Mobility• Active Straight Leg RaiseActive Straight Leg Raise• Trunk Stability Push UpTrunk Stability Push Up• Rotary Stability Rotary Stability

DEEP SQUATRequires:

closed kinetic chain dorsiflexion of the ankles

flexion of the knees and hips

extension of the thoracic spine

flexion and abduction of the shoulders

DEEP SQUATRequires:

mobility :

ankle, knee, hip, thoracic spine, and shoulders

stability :

core in symmetrical stance

DEEP SQUATUpper torso is parallel

with tibia or toward vertical

Femur below horizontal

Knees are aligned over feet

Dowel aligned over feet

FunctionalMovement.com

HURDLE STEPRequires:

stance-leg stability of the ankle, knee, and hip

closed-kinetic chain extension of the hip

step-legopen-kinetic chain dorsiflexion of the ankle

flexion of the knee and hip

adequate balance-dynamic stability

HURDLE STEPRequires:

mobility :step leg ankle, knee and hip

stability :stance leg ankle, knee, and hip with

closed chain hip extensioncore stabilization to maintain adequate balance in single leg stance

HURDLE STEP

Hips, knees and ankles remain aligned in the sagittal plane

Minimal to no movement is noted in lumbar spine

Dowel and hurdle remain parallel


IN-LINE LUNGERequires:

stance leg stability of the ankle, knee, and hip apparent closed kinetic-chain hip

abduction step-leg

mobility of hip abductionankle dorsiflexion, and rectus femoris

flexibility adequate balance due to the lateral stress

imposed

IN-LINE LUNGERequires:

mobility :stance leg ankle, knee, and hipkneeling leg thigh flexibility

stability :bilateral ankle, knee, hip

core stabilization to maintain balance in asymmetrical stance

IN-LINE LUNGEDowel contacts remain

with lumbar spine extension

No torso movement is noted

Dowel and feet remain in sagittal plane

Knee touches board behind heel of front foot


SHOULDER MOBILITYRequires:

shoulder mobility in a combination of motions including

abduction/external rotation, flexion/extension, andadduction/internal rotation

scapular and thoracic spine mobility.

SHOULDER MOBILITY Fists are within one

hand length

(Assume one hand length is 8 inches)


ACTIVE SLRRequires:

functional hamstring flexibility, which is the flexibility that is available during training and competition

(this is different from passive flexibility, which is more commonly assessed)

adequate hip mobility of the opposite leg

lower abdominal stability

ACTIVE SLRRequires:

Mobility :functional hamstring flexibility, which is the flexibility that is available during training and competition(this is different from passive flexibility, which is more commonly assessed)adequate asymmetrical hip mobility

Stability : lower abdominals

ACTIVE SLR• Ankle/Dowel resides

between mid-thigh and ASIS


TRUNK STABILITY PUSH UP

requires:symmetric trunk stability in the sagittal plane during a symmetric upper extremity movement

(Many functional activities in sport require the trunk stabilizers to transfer force symmetrically from the upper extremities to the lower extremities and vice versa)

If :the trunk does not have adequate stability during these activities, kinetic energy will be dispersed and lead to poor functional performance, as well as increased potential for micro traumatic injury

TRUNK STABILITY PUSH UP

Males perform one repetition with thumbs aligned with the top of the forehead

Females perform one repetition with thumbs aligned with chin

ROTARY STABILITYRequires:

asymmetric trunk stability in both sagittal and transverse planes during asymmetric upper and lower extremity movement

ROTARY STABILITYPerforms one correct

unilateral repetition while keeping spine parallel to surface

Knee and elbow touch


Clinical ImplicationsClinical Implications

• Identifies athletes at risk of injuryIdentifies athletes at risk of injury

• Targeted Objective ExamTargeted Objective Exam– Narrows the scopeNarrows the scope

• Implement Exercise ProgressionsImplement Exercise Progressions– Specific to deficiencies found during the FMSSpecific to deficiencies found during the FMS

ResearchResearch

• J Occup Med Toxicol. Apr 2007.J Occup Med Toxicol. Apr 2007.– 433 firefighters433 firefighters– 62% reduction in lost time with intervention62% reduction in lost time with intervention– 42% reduction in 12-month injury rate42% reduction in 12-month injury rate

• NFL DataNFL Data– If FMS score is If FMS score is << 14, and there is an asymmetry, then 14, and there is an asymmetry, then

the probability of suffering a time loss injury increased the probability of suffering a time loss injury increased from 15% (pre-test probability) to just over 50%from 15% (pre-test probability) to just over 50%

– Scores can be improved with a specific off Scores can be improved with a specific off

season training program.season training program.

Research

• Intrarater and Interrater Reliability– Minick, KI, Kiesel, KB, Burton, L, Taylor, A, Plisky, P, and Butler,

RJ. Interrater reliability of the Functional Movement Screen. J Strength Cond Res 24(2): 479–486, 2010

– Teyhen,DS, Donofry DF, Shaffer SW, Walker MJ, Lorenson CL,Dugan JL, Halfpap JP, Childs MD. Functional movement

screen: a reliability study in service members. US Army Med Dep J. 2010 Jul-Sep:71

References

• Cook, Gray Athletic Body in Balance, 2003.

• Functional Movement.com

Documents

FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT SCREEN Brad Eggebraaten PT, SCS, ATC