Full Notes CAE

8/12/2019 Full Notes CAE

1/84

CONTENTS

1. PLC GENERAL 3

2. ALLEN BRADLEY PLC 19

3. WONDERWARE INTOUCH SCADA 29

4. SIEMENS S7 200 PLC 43

5. SIEMENS S7 300 PLC 53

6. MODICON PLC 65

7. AC DRIVES 77

1


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2


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PLC GENERAL

3


4/84

A!"#$!%"&

Industrial automation is the use of control systems such as computers to

control industrialmachineryandprocesses,replacing human operators. In the scope

of industrialization,it is a step beyond mechanization.

Automation greatly reduces the

need for human sensory and mental requirements.

PLC 'P(")($##$*+, L")%- C"&!("++,(

NEA !National Electrical anufactures Association" defines #$%&s as

'#rogrammable logic %ontroller is a digital electronic de(ice )hich uses aprogrammable memory to store instructions and data and implements specific

functions such as timing, counting, logics etc to control (arious machines or process*.

A #$% is a de(ice that )as in(ented to replace the necessary sequential relay

circuits for machine control. +he #$% )ors by looing at its input and depending

upon their state, turning -N -// its inputs. +he user enters a program, usually

through soft)are, that gi(es the desired result. A #$% can be defined as a solid state

de(ice. It is capable of storing instructions to implement control functions such as

sequencing, timing, counting, arithmetic, data manipulation and communication to

control industrial machines and processes.

0
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machineryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_processhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrializationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machineryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_processhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrializationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanization


5/84

A(-/%!,-!(, " PLC

I&! O!!

CPU

A #$% is composed of t)o basic sections namely %# !%entral #rocessing

nit" and I- !Input -utput" section. +he %# section is formed by three

components namely #rocessor, emory and #o)er supply. +he %# controls all

arithmetic and logical operations, control signals to (arious outputs etc. uring

operation the %# reads or accepts the input data or status of the field de(ices

through the input interfaces e4ecutes the control program stored in memory and

)rites or updates the output de(ices through output interfaces.

5

I&!

I&!,($-,

O!!

I&!,($-,

M,#"(

P("-,"(

P",( +

CPU


6/84

+he I- system forms the interface by )hich field de(ices are connected to the

controller. +he main purpose of interface is to condition the (arious signals recei(ed

from or sent to e4ternal field de(ices. Incoming signals from sensors such as push

buttons, limit s)itches analog sensors etc are )ired to the terminals on the input

interfaces. e(ices that )ill be controlled lie motors, starters, solenoid (al(es etc are

connected to the terminals on the output de(ices. +he system po)er supply pro(ides

all necessary (oltages required for the proper operation of the (arious %# sections.

A$&!$), " PLC

1. R,-, S$-,

#$%&s are fully solid state de(ices and hence e4tremely compact compared to

hard6)ired controller )hich uses electromechanical de(ices.

2. E&,() S$%&)

+he po)er consumption is (ery less compared to other controllers. +he

a(erage po)er consumption is 7ust 118thof po)er consumed by an equi(alent 9elay

$ogic %ontrol.

3. E$, " M$%&!,&$&-,

:e can easily replace the different modules of #$%&s. +rouble shooting

and error diagnostics )ith programmer are also (ery easy in #$%&s.

4. E-"&"#%-$+

;


7/84

%onsidering one time in(estment #$% is most economical system.

%ost of #$%&s reco(ers )ith in a short period.

5. G(,$!,( L%, $& R,+%$*%+%!#$% is a solid state de(ice and they ha(e greater life than any other

de(ices. It is also a static de(ice hence lesser number of mo(ing parts reduces )ear

and tear. In case of hard )ired logic control , hard)ire is either electromechanical or

pneumatic and therefore it is more prone to faults due to )ear and tear and tear of

mo(ing parts results in lesser -N time of system.

6. T(,#,&" +,8%*%+%!+o implement changes in control logic no )iring is required so

considerable time is sa(ed.

7. A$&-, C"#!$!%"& S"(!,

#$% can carry out comple4 functions such as generation of time

delays, counting, comparing, arithmetic operations etc.

. S,, $& +,8%*%+%!

It gi(es high processing speed and great fle4ibility in the processing of

both analog and digital signals.

9. C+", L"" C"&!("+ S"(!,

#$%&s are suitable for closed loop control and also it can handle

se(eral closed loop tass.

10. S/"(!,( P(":,-! T%#,

+he hard6)ired control system can be constructed only after the tas is

fully defined. In the #$%, ho)e(er, the construction of controller and )iring are

independent of control program definition. +his means that the total hard)ire is

standard and desired control is achie(ed through program.


8/84

P(")($##%&) L$&)$), %& PLC

ifferent programming languages are there in #$%. =ome of the main

programming languages are

1. $adder $ogic !$A"

2. =tructured +e4t !=+"

3. Instruction $ist !I$"

0. =equential /unction %hart !=/%"

5. /unctional >loc iagram !/>"

M$%& S#*"+ U, %& L$,( L")%-

B$%-

E+,-!(%-$+

S#*"+ N"(#$++ ",& N"(#$++ C+", O!!

'NO 'NC

PLC N"(#$++ ",& N"(#$++ C+", O!!

S#*"+ 'NO 'NC

S!(-!(, " L$,( L")%-

?


9/84

R&) 0

S1 O1

P"%!%, N,)$!%,

R$%+ S2 O2 R$%+

R&) 1

/igure sho)s an e4ample for a ladder diagram. #ositi(e and negati(e

logic rails are there in the ladder diagram. %urrent flo) is from positi(e to negati(e

and from top to bottom. Each positi(e to negati(e section are no)n as rungs. +he

outputs connected becomes -N )hen the positi(e to negati(e path completes.

S-$& T%#,A #$% )ors by continually scanning a program. +he scan cycle

consists of three important steps.

@

C/,-; I&! S!$!

E8,-!, P(")($#

U$!, O!! S!$!


10/84

1. C/,-; I&! S!$!

#$% first checs all input status that are connected in it. +hat means it

checs )hether the input is -N -//. #$% records all data that into its memory.

2. E8,-!, P(")($#After checing all input status #$% e4ecutes the program according to

the (arious input data that are collected. It )ill store the e4ecution result for use in the

later step.

3. U$!, O!! S!$!

/inally #$% updates the status of outputs. It updates the outputs based

on )hich )ere on during the first step and the results of e4ecuting the program during

the second step.

After the )hole process the #$% goes bac to the step 1 and repeats

the steps continuously. +hese three steps are no)n as =can %ycle. +he time taen to

complete one scan cycle is no)n as =can +ime.

S%&;%&) $& S"(-%&)

Normally t)o types of sensors are used in industries. +hey are

1. =ourcing +ype

2. =ining +ype

+he difference bet)een t)o types is )hether the load is s)itched to

ground or positi(e (oltage. An N#N type sensor has the load s)itched to ground

)hereas a #N# de(ice has the load s)itched to positi(e (oltage.

NPN S%&;%&) S,&"(

T" PLC I&!

18

S,&"(

O!!C%(-%!


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G("& '0 V

-n the N#N sensor )e connect one output to the #$%&s input and the other

output to the po)er supply ground.

PNP S"(-%&) S,&"(

T" P"%!%, 'V


12/84

2. OR G$!,

S#*"+ T(!/ T$*+,

A

Y

B

L$,( D%$)($#

A Y

B

3. NAND G$!,

S#*"+ T(!/ T$*+,

A

Y

I&!

A

I&!

B

O!!

Y

8 8 8

8 1 1

1 8 1 1 1 1

I&!

A

I&!

B

O!!

Y

8 8 1

8 1 1 1 8 1

1 1 8

12


13/84

B

L$,( D%$)($#

A Y

B

4. NOR G$!,

S#*"+ T(!/ T$*+,

A

Y

B

L$,( D%$)($#

A B Y

I&!

A

I&!

B

O!!

Y

8 8 1

8 1 8

1 8 8

1 1 8

13


14/84

5. NOT G$!,

S#*"+ T(!/ T$*+,

A Y

L$,( D%$)($#

A Y

6.E8=OR G$!,

S#*"+ T(!/ T$*+,

A

Y

B

I&!

A

O!!

Y

8 1 1 8

I&!

A

I&!

B

O!!

Y

8 8 8

8 1 1

1 8 1 1 1 8

10


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L$,( D%$)($#

A B Y

A B

E8$#+,ra) a #$% program to latch an output )hen =+A9+ s)itch is pressed. +he output

should remain in latch condition until =+-# s)itch is being pressed

L$,( D%$)($#

START STOP OUTPUT

OUTPUT

G,&,($+ C+$%%-$!%"& " PLC

#$%&s are generally classified into t)o types

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1. odular +ype #$%

2. Integrated type #$%

1. M"+$( T, PLC

In modular type #$% each modules means igital Input module, igital

-utput module, Analog Input odule and Analog -utput odule are placed in each

separate racs or modules. +he addressing of these #$%&s comes )ith the slot number.

:e can place the different modules according to our needs. :e can also increase the

number of inputs according to our needs in these types of #$%&s. =o it is called as

odular +ype #$%.

2. I&!,)($!, T, PLC

%,+ I&!

%,+ O!!

1;

0 1 2 3 4

P",( D%)%!$+ D%)%!$+ A&$+") A&$+")

S+ CPU I&! O!! I&! O!!

PLC


17/84

In Integrated +ype #$% the inputs and outputs are fi4ed. All the inputs are

comes in single module. :e cannot increase the number of inputs and outputs in these

types of

ALLEN

BRADLEY PLC

1


18/84

ALLEN BRADLEY PLC

A++,&=B($+, is the brand6name of a line of /actory Automation

Equipment manufactured by 9oc)ell Automation. +he company manufactures

programmable logic controllers !#$%", human6machine interfaces, sensors, safety

components and systems, soft)are, dri(es and dri(e systems, contactors, motor

control centers, and systems made of these and similar products. 9oc)ell

Automation also pro(ides asset management ser(ices including repair and consulting.

Allen >radley #$%&s are mainly classified into three types according to

the number of inputs and outputs. +hey are

P+- T, N"> " D%)%!$+

I?O

N"> " A&$+")

I?O

M,#"(

L" ,&

#ico

icrologi4

20

25;

2

2

? B

? B

M,%# ,& =$%6588 08@; ? ? B

H%)/ ,&

#$%

/le4logi4

18888

1;

1; B

1?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockwell_Automationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockwell_Automation


19/84


20/84

CPU T, 5?03

5?04

5?05

M,#"(

P(")($# %+, D$!$ %+,

==68 9eser(ed /iles

==61

$A62 ain #rogram

$A63

=ub 9outines

$A6255

emory is mainly classified into t)o types.

1. P(")($# %+,

#rogram file consists of ==68, ==61, $adder62, $adder63 etc up to $adder6

255. ==68 and ==61 are reser(ed files. +hey are used for the initial start up of the

#lc. $adder62 is the main program. $adder63, $adder60 666666 $adder6255 are

subroutines.

/ile NoF /ile Name /ile +ype

8 -utput -

1 Input I

2 =tatus =

3 >inary >

0 +imer +

5 %ounter %

; %ontrol 9egister 9

< Integer N

? /loating /

28


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2. D$!$ %+,

ata /iles consists of inputs, outputs, status, timer, counter etc. Inputs and

outputs are used for input and output addressing. =tatus register is used for monitor

any error status, also setting of real time cloc etc. +imers are used for setting time

elay functions. %ounters are used for counting number of pulses gi(en to it. %ontrol

register is used for controlling and taing some outputs )hich are used in some

instructions. Integer register is used for storing integer (alues used in arithmetic or

logical operations. /loating register is used for storing floating point (alues.

A(,%&) &!$8

A(,%&) &!$8 "( SLC=500

=$%6588 is a odular +ype #$%.

=ynta4 is %+, T, > S+"! N#*,( . W"( B%!

D%)%!$+ I&! D%)%!$+ O!!

IF1.88 -F2.88

IF1.81 -F2.81

IF1.82 -F2.82

21

0 1 2 3

P",( D%)%!$+ D%)%!$+ A&$+")

S+ CPU I&! O!! I&! @

O!!


22/84

IF1.815 -F2.815

IF1.18 -F2.18

IF1.11 -F2.11

A(,%&) &!$8 "( M%-("+")%8

icrologi4 is an Integrated +ype #$%.

=ynta4 is %+, T,> S+"! N#*,(. W"( B%!

D%)%!$+ I&! D%)%!$+ O!!

IF8.88 -F8.88

IF8.81 -F8.81

IF8.82 -F8.82

IF8.815 -F8.815

IF8.18 -F8.18

IF8.11 -F8.11

A&$+") A(,%&)

If )e are using digital signal )e can store it in a single bit. >ut if )e are using

analog signals )e cannot store the (alues in a bit so it should be stored in a )ord. +he

analog signals used in industries are normally 8618 G and 0628 mA.

0 4 0000 0000 0000 0000 0

22


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10V 20#A 0111 1111 1111 1111 32767

C"#*%&$!%"&

P$(%! B%!

#arity bit can be zero or one. #arity bit becomes zero )hen the analog (alue is

positi(e and it becomes one )hen the analog (alue is negati(e. If )e gi(e one analog

signal the #$% con(erts it into 8 to 32 S+"! N#*,( . W"(

A&$+") I&! A&$+") O!!

IF3.8 -F3.8

IF3.1 -F3.1

IF3.2 -F3.2

A(,%&) S&!$8 "( O!/,( E8-,! B%&$(

=ynta4 is %+, T, %+, N#*,( > E+,#,&!

=tatus =2F8, =2F1, =2F2, 666666666 =2F255

+imer +0F8, +0F1, +0F2, 666666666 +0F255

23


24/84

%ounter %5F8, %5F1, %5F2, 666666666 %5F255

%ontrol 9egister 9;F8, 9;F1, 9;F2, 666666666 9;F255

Integer N3F88

>3F81

>3F82

>3F815

>3F18

>3F11

>inary bits are used in programs for certain applications. In some programs

)e ha(e to tae some intermediate outputs )hich are not used as field outputs. In such

outputs if )e use normal output address then these outputs are )asted. =o in thosecases )e use >inary outputs and thus )e can sa(e the outputs.

D(%,( S"!$(,

ri(er =oft)are is used for interfacing personal computer )ith #$%. +he

dri(er soft)are used for Allen >radley #$% is RS L%&8.

20


25/84

D%(,-! C"&&,-!%"&

19.2 *?S,-

RS=232 RS=232

#ersonal computer supports only 9=6232 #rotocol. Allen >radley #$% also

supports 9=6232 #rotocol. =o )e can directly connect Allen >radley #$% to personal

computer. If the #$% didn&t support 9=6232 protocol then a con(erter is also used.

+he >aud rate for Allen >radley #$% is 19200 B%!?,-"&.

P(")($##%&) S"!$(,

+he programming soft)are&s used in Allen >radley #$%&s are

/or edium end #$%&s and $o) end #$%&s RS L")%8 500 E&)+%/

/or Digh end #$%&s RS L")%8 5000 E&)+%/

25

P,("&$+

C"#!,(

A++,& B($+,

PLC


26/84

WONDERWAREINTOUCH

SCADA

2;


27/84

WONDERWARE

W"&,($(, is a supplier of industrial automation and information soft)are

solutions, ha(ing sold more than 588,888 soft)are licenses in o(er 188,888 plants

)orld)ide. :onder)are has customers in (irtually e(ery industry including utilities,

mining, oil H gas, food H be(erage, pharmaceuticals, transportation, pulp H paper,

semiconductors and metals. :onder)are is a business unit of In(ensys.

:onder)are has been an industrial soft)are leader since 1@?


28/84

=%AA means =uper(isory %ontrol and ata Acquisition =oft)are. =%AA

soft)are is used for controlling the process in industries. =%AA soft)are is also

used for monitoring the process parameters. +hrough =%AA soft)are )e can

control the )hole process or )hole plants in industries.

B+"-; D%$)($# " SCADA

I?P O?P I?P O?P I?P O?P

+he abo(e figure sho)s the bloc diagram of =%AA. In industries normally

number of #$%&s are there for controlling (arious plants. Each plant is controlled by

one or more than one #$%&s. +he input and outputs of each #$%&s are connected to

=%AA through 9+&s. 9+ means 9emote +erminal nit. +he 9+ act as an

interlin bet)een #$%&s and =%AA. +he 9+&s can be a Kunction >o4 or a aster

#$% for controlling au4iliary #$%&s. =%AA soft)are is being used in the control

room. +hrough =%AA soft)are )e can control the entire plants.

2?

SCADA S"!$(,

RTU

PLC PLC PLC


29/84

T, O C"##&%-$!%"&

+he different types of communications are

1. $andline %ommunication

2. -ptical %ommunication

3. =atellite %ommunication

L$&+%&, C"##&%-$!%"&

In landline communication the communication is achie(ed through

normal )ires or cables. ifferent protocols are used in these types of

communication. +he different communication protocols are 9=6232, 9=60?5,

D60?5, DL.

RS=232

a4imum communication length M 15 eters

>aud rate M 1@288 bitssecond

a4imum number of nodes supported M 1

RS=45

a4imum communication length M 1.3 Bs

>aud rate M @;88 1?aud rate M @;88, 1@288 bitssecond


DHaud rate M 1@288 bitssecond


O!%-$+ C"##&%-$!%"&

2@


30/84

In optical communication optical fibers are used. In optical

communication )e can communicate to a longer distance than normal cables. +he

main ad(antages are lo) noise, greater life, high data transfer speed, etc.

S$!,++%!, C"##&%-$!%"&

Normally satellite communication is used in remote places. In satellite

communication transmitter, recei(er, encoders, decoders etc are used.

D%,(,&! SCADA S"!$(,

S+.N".

C"#$& N$#, SCADA S"!$(,

1. :onder)are Intouch

2. 9oc)ell Automation 9=(ie)

3. =iemens :in %%

0. Intellution i/i4

5. JE /anuc %implicity

;. erz Aspic

radley #$% A>B/2

38


31/84

=y using historical trend )e can store the pre(ious (alues. >y gi(ing correct

date, time etc )e can easily get the parameter (ariations at that time. +hey plot the

changes of up to eight local +ag Names or e4pressions.

31


32/84

3. A+$(#

Any hazardous conditions are monitored in industries by using these alarms.

Duman safety is the most important factor in all industries. sually the alarms gi(e

the (ariations in any parameters as sound information or any light indication. +healarms becomes off )hen the change in (ariation goes into normal conditions. In

=%AA, 16@@@ alarms are there and they are mainly classified into four groups. +hey

are

A+$(# N#*,( A+$(# T,

16 20@ Dazardous Alarms

25860@@ a7or Alarms

5886 y using 9eport generation )e can generate the parameter (ariations

as report in e4cel sheet automatically. :e can create the parameter (ariations for each

scan cycle.

6. R,-%, M$&$),#,&!

9ecipe management is an important feature in =%AA. >y using

recipe management )e can set the (alues for different ingredients. /or e4ample in

medicine manufacturing industries the ingredients are same for different medicines

but their ratio )ill (ary. =o in those cases )e can set the ratio of different ingredients

32


33/84

by using =%AA. :hen )e select the medicine the (alues are automatically loaded

and )e get the correct medicine. +he recipe functions are done by using 9ecipe

anager in =%AA.

7. S-(%! "( P(")($# D,,+"#,&!

Normally the #rograms are called as scripts.

T$) N$#,

+ag name is the user defined address for a particular (ariable. /or

e4ample if )e are using some ob7ects in =%AA )e ha(e to gi(e some names for

indicating that ob7ects and also for using it in programs. +hese names are no)n as

+ag Names. +ag Names are mainly classified into four types. +hey are

1. iscrete

2. Integer

3. 9eal

0. essage

If )e gi(e any +ag Name )e ha(e to define or sa(e it according to its

conditions. iscrete conditions mean 81 or -N-//. +hat means if )e are using +ag

Names for s)itches, lamps etc then )e ha(e to define it into iscrete. If the +ag

Name is (arying (alues lie tans, temperatures etc, then )e ha(e to define it into

Integer. If there are some floating (alues then +ag Name should be defined as 9eal.

+he string (alues are stored as essage.

Each +ag Name is again classified into t)o types. +hey are

1. emory

2. I-

33


34/84

If )e are using only =%AA programming then the +ag Names are

sa(ed in emory. If #$% to =%AA or #$% to e4cel communication is there, then

the +ag Names are sa(ed in I-.

S-(%!

=cript is the #rogramming language used to lin t)o or more +ag

Names. Jenerally the programs are called as =cripts.

T, " S-(%!

=cripts are mainly classified into si4. +hey are

1. Application scripts

2. :indo) scripts

3. Bey scripts

0. %onditional scripts

5. ata change scripts

;. Ouic function scripts

1. A+%-$!%"& -(%!

+he script )hich is applicable for the entire pro7ect is no)n as

Application scripts. :e can use application scripts to start other applications, create

process simulations, calculate (ariables etc. +hree options are there in Application

=cripts.

-n =tartup E4ecutes one time )hen the application is initially started up

:hile running E4ecutes continuously at the specified frequency )hile the

application is running.

-n shutdo)n E4ecutes one time )hen the application is e4ited

30


35/84

2. W%&" -(%!

+he script )hich is applicable for a particular pro7ect is no)n as

:indo) scripts. +hree options are there in :indo) =cripts.

-n =ho) E4ecutes one time )hen the )indo) is initially sho)n

:hile sho)ing E4ecutes continuously at the specified frequency )hile the

)indo) is sho)ing.

-n Dide E4ecutes one time )hen the )indo) is hidden.

+he initial conditions of +ag names are gi(en in -n =ho). +he -n sho)

conditions are applicable during starting of run time. /or e4ample if )e )ant one

s)itch becomes -// during starting run time then )e ha(e to gi(e it as zero in -n

=ho). +he main program is no)n as :hile sho). -n hide means the conditions of

ob7ects that )e ha(e to gi(e )hen return bac from run time. Normally in =%AA )e

a(oid -n Dide because )e don&t need the conditions during return bac from run

time.

3. , -(%!

+he programs )hich are assigned to a particular ey is no)n as Bey

=cript. +hey are e4ecuted )hen the operator presses the correct ey. +hree options are

there in Bey =cripts.

-n Bey o)n E4ecutes one time )hen the ey is initially pushed

:hile o)n E4ecutes continuously at the specified frequency )hile the ey

is held do)n-n Bey p E4ecutes one time )hen the ey is released.

4. C"&%!%"&$+ -(%!

+he program )hich is e4ecuted )hen satisfying a particular condition

gi(en to it is called as %onditional scripts. /our options are there in %onditional

=cripts.

-n +rue E4ecutes one time )hen the condition transitions to true.

35


36/84

-n /alse E4ecutes one time )hen the condition transitions to false.

:hile +rue E4ecutes continuously )hile the condition is true.

:hile /alse E4ecutes continuously )hile the condition is false.

5. D$!$ -/$&), -(%!

+he program )hich is used for data transfer purpose is called as ata

change scripts.

6. %-; &-!%"& -(%!

=ub routines or sub programs are called as Ouic function scripts.

W%&" P(",(!%,

R,+$-,

Automatically closes any )indo)!s" it intersects )hen it appears on the screen

including popup other replace type )indo)s. ou can change a )indo)Ps type

)hene(er it is open in :indo) aer by using the :indo) #roperties command.

O,(+$

Appears on top of currently displayed )indo)!s" and can be larger than the

)indo)!s" it is o(erlaying. :hen an o(erlay )indo) is closed, any )indo)!s" that

)ere hidden behind it )ill reappear. %licing on any (isible portion of a )indo)

behind an o(erlay )indo) )ill bring that )indo) to the foreground as the acti(e

)indo).

P"

=imilar to an o(erlay )indo) e4cept, it al)ays stays on top of all other open

)indo)s !e(en if another )indo) is cliced". #opup )indo)s usually require a

response from the user in order to be remo(ed.

3;


37/84

P(")($##%&) S&!$8

+he programming synta4 is

I %-NI+I-N THEN A==IJNEN+ ENDI

In conditions the symbols used are QM M, C M, R M, C, R, CR&. In

assignment only symbol used is QM&.

S$#+, (")($#

:rite a program to -N-// a lamp )hen )e press the s)itch

/or doing the program first select one s)itch and lamp from =%AA. After

selecting the ob7ects first gi(e the tag names for each ob7ect. After that the tag names

must be defined according to their properties.

+ag nameM=1 +ag nameM$1

=a(e as both tag name as emory discrete. +hen )rite the program in )indo)

scripts.

W%&" S-(%!

O& S/"

=1M8 $1M8

3


38/84

W/%+, S/"

I/ =1M M1 +DEN $1M1ENI/

I/ =1M M8 +DEN $1M8ENI/

:e can )rite the abo(e program in single line by using E$=E.

I/ =1M M1 +DEN $1M1E$=E $1M8ENI/

3?


39/84

SIEMENS S7

200

3@


40/84

PLC

08


41/84

SIEMENS PLC

S%,#,& is the EuropePs largest engineering conglomerate and the

largest electronics company in the )orld. =iemens international headquarters arelocated in >erlin and unich, Jermany. +he company is a conglomerate of three

main business sectors namely Industry, Energy and Dealthcare. =iemens si4

operational business areas )ere Automation H %ontrol !Automation H ri(es,

Industrial =olutions H =er(ices, =iemens >uilding +echnologies", #o)er !#o)er

Jeneration, #o)er +ransmission H istribution", +ransportation !+ransportation

=ystems, =iemens G-", edical !=iemens edical =olutions", Information H

%ommunication !=iemens %ommunications, =iemens I+ =olutions and =er(ices", and

$ighting !-=9A JmbD, -=9A =yl(ania".

01
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conglomerate_(company)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_conglomerateshttp://www.automation.siemens.com/http://www.industry.siemens.com/http://www.siemens.com/buildingtechnologieshttp://www.energy-portal.siemens.com/http://www.energy-portal.siemens.com/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siemens_Transportation_Systemshttp://www.sts.siemens.com/http://www.sts.siemens.com/http://www.siemensvdo.com/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siemens_Medical_Solutionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siemens_COMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siemens_IT_Solutions_and_Serviceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osramhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osram_Sylvaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conglomerate_(company)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_conglomerateshttp://www.automation.siemens.com/http://www.industry.siemens.com/http://www.siemens.com/buildingtechnologieshttp://www.energy-portal.siemens.com/http://www.energy-portal.siemens.com/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siemens_Transportation_Systemshttp://www.sts.siemens.com/http://www.sts.siemens.com/http://www.siemensvdo.com/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siemens_Medical_Solutionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siemens_COMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siemens_IT_Solutions_and_Serviceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osramhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osram_Sylvania


42/84

=iemens #$%&s are generally classified into t)o types.

S%,#,& PLC

S5 S,(%, S7 S,(%,

=5 series is -= based (ersion and =< series is )indo)s based

(ersion. +he different =5 series (ersions #$%&s are 188u, 118u, 115u etc. =5 series is

the old (ersion #$%. Almost all of the =5 series #$%&s are replaced in all industries.

Dandheld programming can also do in this type of #$%&s. =< =eries #$%&s are again

classified into three types according to the number of inputs and outputs.

P+- T, N"> " D%)%!$+ I?O N"> " A&$+") I?O

L" E& =< 288 25; 32

M,%# E& =< 388 1820 25;

H%)/ E&

=< 088

% CPU 318C

5?


59/84

LED ,%)&$!%"& C"+"( M,$&%&)=/ 9ed Dard)are or =oft)are error

>/ ! for %#s )ith

interface only s #"

9ed >us error

%5G Jreen 56G po)er for %# and =yte oriented. -ne byte means

eight bits. In =iemens #$% for igital I- they allocate 0 >ytes for each slot and for

Analog they allocate 1; >ytes for each slot.

5@


60/84

A(,%&) &!$8 "( D%)%!$+ I&! A& O!!

=ynta4 is %+, T, B!, . B%!

D%)%!$+ I&! D%)%!$+ O!!

I8.8 O8.8

I8.1 O8.1

I8.2 O8.2

I8.< O8. "

D%)%!$+ I?O

N"> " A&$+")

I?O

S"!$(,

$o) End

Uelio

Nano

20

0?

8

2

Uelio =oft

#$< Kunior

edium End

+)ido

icro

100

20?

2

?

+)ido =oft

#$< #ro (erF3.163.0

Digh End

#remium

Ouantum

5888

28888

1;

25;

#$< #ro (erF0.160.0

odsoft

A&$+")

P"(!

;0

D%+$

16 4

CPU TER D%)%!$+ A&$+")

UP I&! I&!


65/84

H

S

C

HSC J Digh speed counter. It is used for counting high speed pulses from

+achometers.

PCMCIA J#ersonal %omputer emory %ard International Association. It is used as

e4tra memory cards for odicon #$%&s.

D(%,( S"!$(,

ri(er =oft)are is used for interfacing personal computer )ith #$%.

+he dri(er soft)are used for odicon #$% is F W$ D(%,( M$&$),(.

P(")($##%&) S"!$(,

+he programming soft)are&s used in odicon #$%&s are.

"( M%-(" PLC PL7 P(" V,( 3.4

"( P(,#%# PLC PL7 P(" V,( 4.3

P("-,"( T,

"( M%-(" PLC TSF 3722 V 3.3 $& TSF 3721 V1.0

"( P(,#%# PLC TSF 57203 V 5.1

;5


66/84

A(,%&) &!$8

A(,%&) &!$8 "( D%)%!$+ S%)&$+

=ynta4 is K T, S+"! N#*,( . E+,#,&!

D%)%!$+ I&! D%)%!$+ O!!

VI1.8 VO2.8

VI1.1 VO2.1

VI1.2 VO2.2

VI1.15 VO2.11

A(,%&) &!$8 "( A&$+") S%)&$+

=ynta4 is K T, W S+"! N#*,( . W"(

A&$+") I&! A&$+") O!!

VI:3.8 VO:0.8

VI:3.1 VO:0.1

VI:3.2

VI:3.3

M,#"(

emory is used for storing integer and floating point (alues. It is also

used in arithmetic and logical operations.

M,#"( A(,%&)

B%! B!, W"( D"*+, "(

;;


67/84

V8 V>8 V:8 V8

V1 V>1 V:1 V2

V2 V>2 V:2 V0

V3 V>3 V:3 V;

V:8 M V>8 L V>1

V:1 M V>2 L V>3

V:2 M V>0 L V>5

In )ord )ise classification the (alues are stored in t)o bytes. >ut the

memory locations are different. =o in odicon #$% )e can tae all the :ord

emory locations. +hat means )e can tae V:8, V:1, V:2 etc. +he

storing byte location can be calculated using the formula

/or e4ample if )e )ant to calculate the storing locations for the )ord

V:18. +hen first calculate the (alue of 7.

ie 7 M 2i

7 M 2 T 18

7 M 28

+hen V:i M V>7 L V>!7L1"

V:18 M V>!28" L V>!28 L 1"

V:18 M V>28 L V>21

+hus )e can calculate the memory locations in )ord )ise

classification. >ut in double )ord )ise classification the (alues are stored in t)o

;loc is used for performing o(e, =hift and athematical

operations.

M", &-!%"&

E8$#+,>

KMW0 > 100

KMW0 > KMW1

In first e4ample the (alue 188 is mo(ed to the location V:8. +he

destination is V:8. In second e4ample the (alue stored in memory location

V:1 is mo(ed to V:8.

M$!/ &-!%"&

E8$#+,>

KMW0 > KMW1 < KMW2

KMW0 > KMW1 = KMW2

KMW0 > KMW1 KMW2

KMW0 > KMW1 ? KMW2

KMW0 > SRT'KMW1

S/%! &-!%"&

KMW0 > SHL'KMW14

KMW0 > SHR'KMW14

KMW0 > ROL'KMW14

KMW0 > ROR'KMW14


71/84

C"#$(%"& B+"-;+)o types of comparison blocs are there in odicon #$%. +hey are

1. Dorizontal %omparison >loc

2. Gertical %omparison >loc

1. H"(%"&!$+ C"#$(%"& B+"-;

:e can compare timer (alues using Dorizontal comparison bloc. /or

e4ample consider one +imer V+8. /or comparing accumulator (alue of +imer gi(e

V+8.G then comparison symbol and (alue.

/or calling Accumulator (alue of +imer KTM0.V

/or changing #reset (alue of +imer KTM0.P

2. V,(!%-$+ C"#$(%"& B+"-;

%


72/84

In Gertical comparison bloc )e get four outputs corresponding to one

compare (alue.


73/84


74/84

AC DRIVES


75/84

AC D(%,

AC #"!"(

An A% motor is an electric motorthat is dri(en by an alternating current. It

consists of t)o basic parts, an outside stationary statorha(ing coils supplied )ith A%


76/84

current to produce a rotating magnetic field, and an inside rotorattached to the output

shaft that is gi(en a torque by the rotating field.

STATOR

AC 1W SHAT

ROTOR

+here are t)o types of A% motors, depending on the type of rotor used. +he

first is the synchronous motor, )hich rotates e4actly at the supply frequency or a

submultiple of the supply frequency. +he magnetic field on the rotor is either

generated by current deli(ered through slip rings or by a permanent magnet.

+he second type is the induction motor, )hich turns slightly slo)er than the

supply frequency. +he magnetic field on the rotor of this motor is created by an

inducedcurrent.

S,-%%-$!%"& " M"!"(

1. Goltage rating !G"

2. %urrent rating !A"

3. #hase !1W or 3W"0. A% or %


77/84

5. 9#

;. #o)er 9ating !D#"

ut in high

po)er applications +hyristors !=%9&s" are used. +hen the % supply is again

con(erted into A%. In this also in high po)er applications IJ>+&s are used. +hen the

output signal is then gi(en to A% otor.

D(%, C"&&,-!%"& D%$)($# %& I&!(%,


78/84


79/84

S,, 'N 120

P

W/,(, (,,&-

P N#*,( " P"+,

D%)%!$+ I&! LI1 LI2 LI3 $& LI4

A&$+") I&! AI1 AI2 $& AIC

A&$+") O!! AO

C"##"& 'G("& B"!/ "( A&$+") $& D%)%!$+

Jeneral formula for calculating otor speed is

In our otor Number of #oles !#" M 2. +hen the formula becomes

=peed !Ns" M 128 f

#

M 128 f

2

M 60

M", " O,($!%"&

Alti(ar 2? A% ri(e can be mainly operated in t)o modes

M", " O,($!%"&


80/84

2C '2 W%(, C"&%)($!%"& 3C '3W%(,C"&%)($!%"&

2C 4 S,, 2C S,,

In 2% configuration the main control inputs are /or)ard and 9e(erse and

hence it is no)n as 2% configuration. In 3% configuration the main control inputs are

/or)ard, 9e(erse and =top.

2C C"&%)($!%"&

2C 4 S,, C"&%)($!%"&

In 2% 0 =peed %onfiguration the four digital inputs are used forcontrolling different speeds.

$I1 /or)ard irection

$I2 9e(erse irection

$I3 and $I0 inputs are used for ad7usting different speeds.

LI4 LI3 S,,

8 8 $=#

8 1 =#2

1 8 =#3

?8


81/84

1 1 D=#

2C 4 S,, C"&%)($!%"& S,!!%&)

U D"& E&!,( E-

/or setting 2% 0 =peed %onfiguration first press Enter.

IO M", ,!!%&)

#ress E&!,(

SET DRC IO SUP

=elect IOby using p and o)n =)itch.

IO T-- 2C

LI2 R(

LI3 PS2 '2 P(,,! S,,

LI4 PS4 '4 P(,,! S,,

S,! M", ,!!%&)

After setting I- mode then go to =E+ ode and set different frequency for

$=#, D=#, =#2 and =#3.

2C S,, C"&%)($!%"&

In 2% ? =peed configuration $I2, $I3 and $I0 inputs are used for

controlling different speeds. 9emaining is one input $I1 is used for for)ard

direction. =o only for)ard direction option is there in 2% ? =peed %onfiguration. /orsetting 2% ? =peed configuration change $I2 as #=?.

?1


82/84

LI2 LI4 LI3 S,,

8 8 8 $=#

8 8 1 =#2

8 1 8 =#3

8 1 1 =#0

1 8 8 =#5

1 8 1 =#;

1 1 8 =#y (arying the current or (oltage )e can (ary the motor

speed. sing Analog -utput A- )e get Analog -utput Goltage corresponding to

motor speed. +his Analog -utput can be used for controlling other de(ices.

3C C"&%)($!%"&

In 3% configuration the main control inputs are /or)ard, 9e(erse and =top. In

3% %onfiguration one normal speed and 7og speed occurs. +he normal speed can be

set only in $=#.

$I1 =top

$I2 /or)ard irection

$I3 9e(erse irection

$I0 Kog =peed

IO M", ,!!%&)

#ress E&!,(

=elect IOby using p and o)n =)itch.

IO T-- 3C

LI2 "(

LI3 R(

LI4 ")

S,! M", ,!!%&)

After setting I- mode then go to =E+ ode and set different frequency for

$=# and K-J.

?3


84/84

DC I&:,-!%"& B(,$;%&)

An important feature in this A% ri(e is % In7ection >reaing. Normally if

)e press the stop button of a high speed motor then it stops only slo)ly. >y applying

% In7ection >reaing )e can suddenly stops the motor. +he general principle is that

if )e gi(e % In7ection >reaing then the dri(es cuts the A% input applied to the

motor and continuous % is in7ected to it. +hus the motor cannot able to rotate and it

suddenly stops. +hus )e can suddenly stop a high speed running motor. /or setting

% In7ection >reaing in 3% %onfiguration change the (alue of $I3 as %I. =o if )e

use % In7ection >reaing feature in 3% %onfiguration then the re(erse option is not

there because )e change the re(erse input to %I function.

/or % In7ection >reaing $I3 M %I

A$&!$), " D(%,

1. Energy =a(ing.

2. :e can run the motor at %onstant =peed.

3. :e can run the motor at Gariable =peed.

0. :e can run the motor in both directions !/or)ard and 9e(erse".

5. :e can run the motor at Kog =peed.

;. :e can suddenly stop the motor by using % In7ection >reaing.

Documents

Full Notes CAE