Fruits

A SweetGoodston Production

Nutrients in Fruit Four nutrients commonly found in

fruits are:• Carbohydrates• Vitamin C• Vitamin A • Potassium

Fruits can be obtained in what four forms?

•Fresh•Frozen•Canned•Dried•Juiced

FruitsTry to eat fresh fruits rather than

juices or canned. Frozen fruit without added sugar is fine too.

What are 2 advantages of processed fruits? (What’s a disadvantage?)

– Keep well – less likely to spoil– Require little to no preparation for

serving

Name 6 fruits high in calcium, phospohrus and iron.

• Figs• Raisins• Dates• Apricots• Peaches• Prunes

Present in all fruits are:• Sugar• Cellulose - fiber• Pectin

Cellulose and pectin are in the cell walls and the fruit.

What is the importance of cellulose in our diet?

Cellulose is not digested, but it supplies bulk to the food, helping to stimulate the digestive process.

*Pectin- a carb from certain fruits that produces a gel that is the basis for fruit jellies.

*Cellulose- the chief substance in the cell walls of plants.

What happens when fresh fruits are cooked in water?

The cellulose in the cell walls is softened so the fruits loose their shape and if cooked long enough, fall apart.

If you want fruit to retain its shape, add _______ to the water.

FruitsThere is no uniform measure of

quantity by which different kinds of fresh fruit are sold.

They may be sold by:• Unit (melons)• Pound (apples, peaches, grapes)• Pint or Quart (berries)

The preservation of vitamin C is of most concern when preparing fruits.

Why should apples or other fruits be pared as thinly as possible?

Most of the Vitamin C is near the skin rather than uniformly distributed in the fruit.

Before being eaten or cooked all fresh fruit should be washed.

When you peel some fruit, it browns (oxidizes). To prevent this, sprinkle on fruit fresh or ascorbic acid, or dip in lemon or orange juice.

Ever notice the small stickers on fruits (and vegetables) at the grocery store? These help the checkout clerk find the price of the item but are also helpful to figure out where the produce you are buying has been grown. A sticker with 4 digits means that the food was conventionally grown.

POME FAMILY

• Smallest family of fruit• Fleshy fruit surrounding a core of

seeds.• Tree fruit

• Ex: apple, pear

Pomegranate

ApplePears

Tomatoes

Peppers

DRUPE FAMILY

• A hard stone (pit) in the center of the fruit.

• Relatively thin skinned.

• Can be Fleshy or fiberous

• Examples: peach, cherry, apricot, plum

BERRY FAMILY• Highly perishable fruit• Fleshy with few to many seeds• Seeds may be inside the flesh ex: grapes• Seeds may be on the outside of the flesh ex: strawberries ex: raspberries

• Some grow on cane like shoots.

-Example: Raspberries Blackberries Loganberries

• Bushes -Examples: Currants Gooseberries

• Some grow on herbaceous plants (Plants with little or no woody material).

-Examples: Strawberries

Berries can grow on:

• Vines -Example: Grapes Kiwi

CITRUS FAMILY

• Good source of vitamin C.• Grow on trees.• Warm climate.• Soft, juicy pulp in sections surrounded by

spongy pith.• The pith is surrounded by a rough skin or

rind.• Rind contains glands that produce oils.

Limes

LemonsOranges

Ugli FruitTangerine

Grape Fruit

Tangelo

Blood Orange

Melon Family

• High Moisture content.• Fleshy and thick skinned Accessory • Musky smell.• Grown on ground vines

Amarillo

Cantaloupe

watermelon

Square mellonHoneydewMuskmelon

Tropical Fruit Family

• Exotic, now available throughout the world.• Need warm climates to thrive.• Some are Tree Plants• Fleshy• Some are drupes• Some are berries• Some are Pomes pine-• Some are melons apple

Mango

Durian Coconut

Lycee Banana

GuavaPapaya

Plantain

Immature Fruits

• Fruit that has not reached its full size and has poor color, flavour, and texture.

• They will not ripen and improve in quality.

Under Ripe Fruit• Mature Fruits -Fruit has reached its

full size but has not yet reached peak eating quality.

-They are hard and not reached full flavor yet.

• They will ripen and improve in quality.

Buying Fruit

• Buy “In Season” – the peak of the growing season for the

fruit. -price is cheaper when in season.• Buy what you will eat.• If buying in large quantity, preserve the

fruit for future consumption (can, freeze, dry).

How do you know which to pick?

• Buy ripe fruits if consuming immediately.• Ripe fruit is tender with a pleasant aroma

and fully developed flavor.• Fruit should give a little under a light

squeeze.• Buy fruit that has the “typical” shape and size. Fruit should be heavy for size and have good color.

Vitamins in FruitVitamin A-•Peach•Mango•Cantaloupe•Apricot

Vitamins in FruitVitamin C-•Lime•Lemon•Orange•Grapefruit•Kiwi•Strawberry

Vitamins in FruitPotassium-•Banana•Cantaloupe•Nectarine•Orange

To help fruit ripen faster-store the fruit in a brown paper bag at room temperature; store other fruit in crisper section in the fridge or in plastic bags with holes punched into them to allow moisture to escape.

Storing Fresh Fruit

• Don’t wash until you are ready to use it. -Moisture speeds up the decaying

process.

-Store in the refrigerator. This will slow the ripening.

SUN!

Won’t ripen after Harvest

AppleBerriesGrapefruitOrangePineappleTangerine

Will ripen after Harvest

ApricotAvocadoBananaKiwiMangoNectarinePeachPear

Work Sited

• Food for Today text book• Web sites

•http://www.unm.edu/~jerusha/fruit_types.htm

•http://www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de/b-online/ibc99/koning/fruittype.html

•http://scidiv.bcc.ctc.edu/rkr/Biology203/labs/pdfs/FruitTypes.pdf