Modern ArtFrom 1900 to World War II

Manet & Realism

Impressionism

Post Impressionism

(Colorists) (Formalists)

Van Gogh & Matisse Cezanne

Cubism

Futurism

Fauvism

Abstract Expressionism

Fantasy, Dada, Surrealism Abstract geometric painting

“’Cubism is no different from any other school of painting. The same principles and the same elements are common to all. The fact that for a long time Cubism has not been understood…means nothing. I do not read English, [but] this does not mean that the English language does not exist….’”

Pablo Picasso

-- quoted by Guillaume Apollinaire in The Beginnings of Cubism, 1912.

Cubism

“The art of painting original arrangements composed of elements taken from conceived rather than perceived reality.”

-- Guillaume Apollinaire, The Beginnings of Cubism, 1912.

Cubism: definition

Cubism

• Breaking up of nature into geometric figures and planes

• leading artists: Pablo Picasso & Georges Braque

Les Demoiselles d’Avignon1907by Pablo Picasso

Violin & Palette1909-10by Georges Braque

Bottle of Suze1912-13by Pablo Picasso

Guitarby Juan Gris

Guernica by Pablo Picasso, 1937 o/c

Girl before Mirrorby Pablo Picasso

Futurism

• Outgrowth of Cubism• Sought to capture motion & the “beauty

of speed”• Revolutionary• Championed by poet Filippo Marinetti in

“The Futurist Manifesto”

Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash, 1912by Giacomo Balla

Unique Forms of Continuity in Space1913by Umberto Boccioni

Expressionism

• Grew out of German movement, Die Brucke (The Bridge)

• The Bridge: founded in 1905 to “bridge”to the art of the future

• Emphasis on expressing inner feelings• Wassily Kandinsky: credited with

painting 1st “abstract” painting, 1910

Suprematism

• Founded by Kasimir Malevich, c. 1913• Geometric abstract art• extreme reduction• non-objective• “supremacy of pure feeling”

Suprematism

Black Circle1913by Kasimir Malevich

Suprematism

Suprematist Painting:Aeroplane Flying1915by Kasimir Malevich

Kasimir Malevich

Self-Portrait1933by Kasimir Malevich

…toward abstraction...

byPiet Mondrian

byPiet Mondrian

byPiet Mondrian

Composition with Red, Yellow, and Blue1921by Piet Mondrian

Broadway Boogie Woogie by Piet Mondrian

Composition Iby Piet Mondrian

Dada

• Western Europe: artistic, literary movement from 1916-1923

• Protest against horrors of war• An “anti-art” movement• Dada means “hobby horse”

Surrealism

• 20th century literary, artistic movement• Expresses subconscious with fantastic

imagery & strange juxtapositions• Drew heavily on Freudian theory

Surrealism“According to the major spokesman of the movement, the poet and critic Andre Breton, who published ‘The Surrealist Manifesto’ in 1924, Surrealism was a means of reuniting conscious and unconscious realms of experience so completely tat the world of dream and fantasy would be joined to the everyday rational world in ‘an absolute reality, a surreality.’”

http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/glo/surrealism/