Freescale PowerPoint Template - 恩智浦半导体 · (77 GHz) * Source: iSuppli #1 Freescale 26% Bosch 24% Denso 22% ADI 15% Others 13%. TM Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec,

TM

Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, C-Ware, t

he Energy Efficient Solutions logo, mobileGT, PowerQUICC, QorIQ, StarCore and Symphony

are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. BeeKit, BeeStack,

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of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other product or service names are the property

of their respective owners. © 2011 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.

August 2011

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Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec, C-5, CodeTEST, CodeWarrior, ColdFire, C-Ware, the Energy Efficient Solutions logo, mobileGT, PowerQUICC, QorIQ, StarCore

and Symphony are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. BeeKit, BeeStack, ColdFire+, CoreNet, Flexis, Kinetis, MXC, Platform in a

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All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © 2011 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.

2

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• Application Trends for Safety & Emissions Improvements

• Airbag Market Players

• Freescale Solutions

− Inertial

− Pressure

• Conclusion

TM





3

• Review current inertial and pressure sensor

strategy with focus on the current technologies

and applications.

• Generate dialogue to understand the current

airbag sensor market trends in terms of customer

dominance and application convergence.

TM





4

No airbag:

We die like men!

... People want more safety

Translation

TM





5





6TM

Airbag ECU

(Inertial)

Inertial & Pressure Side

Crash Satellite

Tire Pressure

Monitoring

System

Engine Control

(Pressure) Suspension

Control (Inertial)

Vehicle Stability

(Inertial)

Electric Parking Brake

(Inertial)

• Shipped more than 1 billion sensors

since 1980

• Since 1997, 500 million acceleration

sensors shipped in custom safety

automotive applications

• Among the largest supplier of

barometric pressure sensors for

engine management

Business Facts

Market Leader

• Freescale is the largest non-

captive supplier of automotive

MEMS accelerometers*

• Broad standard portfolio

Radar

(77 GHz)

* Source: iSuppli

#1

Freescale

26%

Bosch

24%Denso

22%

ADI 15%

Others13%

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7

Typical Safety System

SoftwareSense

Process

Control

Freescale is uniquely developing the end-to-end

integrated system solutions.

Sensors

Hi-Aspect RatioSOI MEMS

SiGe RadarHi-Performance

AnalogConnectivity

Power

Management

Analog

Embedded

Control

MCU

Fail-Safe

http://www.safetyforum.com/airbags/NissanCommercial.mpg

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8

ESP: Electronic

Stability Program

ACC: Automatic

Cruise Control

ADAS: Advanced

Driver Assistance

European road fatalities evolution

Airbag

ESP

ACC

ADAS

Passive

safety

Active

safety

Predictive

Safety

ADAS

Source: EC / Bosch





9TM

Driver &

passenger

Side &

curtain

Head, knee, pelvis,

smart occupant detection

motorized seat belt pre-crash

detection

Airbag ECU with integrated SC

sensors, pedestrian protection,

occupant classification

Airbag + ESP integrated together

AIRBAG

AIRBAG

Satellites

AIRBAG

Satellites

Mo

torize

d

se

at

be

lt

Occupant

cla

ssific

atio

n

AIRBAG

ESP

SENSORS

Satellites

Moto

rized

seat belt

Pedestrian

protection

Occupant

cla

ssific

atio

n

ADAS

radar +

vision

AIRBAG +

ESP

Satellites

Moto

riiz

ed

seat belt

Pedestrian

protection

Occupant

cla

ssific

atio

n

ADAS

radar +

vision

Pe

rfo

rma

nce

90s 2000 - 2005 2005 - 2012 2012 - 2016 2015 - 2018

Power

steering

?

The complete module merge of braking and airbag (MCU+analog+sensor) may not happen.

However, the co-location of the sensors in IMUs is likely to be implimented.

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10

Main MCU

16/32 bits

Safing MCU

8 bits

CAN transceiver LIN Transceiver

Squib driver

4 channels

Power supply

buck, boost

Satellite sensor

interface

with various

protocols

PSI5 or DSI

Acceleration

Sensor

Pressure

Sensor

Local sensor

X or XY axis

sound sensor

Roll-over

sensor

Z axis

Airbag ECU

Vehicle

network

Passenger

detection

Acceleration

Sensor

Pressure

sensor

Acceleration

SensorAcceleration

sensor

Buckle switch

Warning lamp

Airbag off

Buckle switch

Squib Squib

Squib Squib

Squib Squib

Squib Squib

Squib driver

2/4/8 channels

12V from battery

Vbuck

Vboost

Vlogic

Sensors

MCU

Analog

Optional

Sensor

SPI Bus Firing SPI Bus

Internal Sensors SPI Bus

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11

• Delivery: a table stake, not a differentiator

• Quality: a requirement, not an expectation anymore

• New regulations: FMVSS201 pole impact, FMVSS214 side protection, European pedestrian protection, China standards (GB11551-2003 &GB 20071-2006)

− Reduction of sensor suppliers but risk of new competition rising

• Satellite Airbag Market: becoming pricing-driven market

− Dual-axis solutions will enable differentiation and could enable more cost-effective airbag systems and, at longer term, a convergence with other application (VDC)

• Main ECU Airbag Market: differentiation to be made by integration of more functionalities inclusive of fail/safe requirements (ISO26262)

− Main ECU Airbag market to be influenced by the merge of airbag + ESC functions even if the sensor fusion does not overlap between applications yet

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• Pedestrian protection is weighted by 20% in overall ranking.

• 21 or more points (60%) out of maximum 36 points is required to get 5 stars in total.

• Pedestrian protection is becoming a car-selling feature.

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13

• Inertial-based satellite market to reach 226M units in 2015

− Dominated by Manchester protocol (PSI5, Pegasus)

− 35% is DSI based in 2015 (TRW and Denso)

• Pressure-based satellite market to reach 22M units in 2015

− Market price tends to be only slightly above inertial

− Continental is main user (patents)

− Pedestrian protection could increase potential volume

TM








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15





16TM

Crash tests performed in April 2010 at Linas-Montlhéry test track (France)

Real slide detection test: 120km/h

Real crash test: 60km/h

TM





17

„Invisible Helmet“ from Hovding,

a startup company in the Netherlands

Airbag jacket with remote sensors located on the bike

(similar to Bering system)Airbag helmet to protect the neck

with sensors located under the seat

http://www.hovding.com/

TM





18

Visit: http://www.psi5.org Visit: http://www.dsiconsortium.org

Freescale is a PSI5 consortium

associated member

Freescale is a DSI consortium

founding member

Technical

SpecificationPSI5

Peripheral Sensor Interface

Page 0/46

V1.3

DSI Bus StandardDistributed Sensor Interface

Version 2.5

April 16, 2009

Airbag System – PSI Protocol Airbag System – DSI Protocol

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• Freescale’s extensive sensor expertise for over 30 years continues to advance with intelligent context awareness sensing that provides product innovation

• Sensors continue with higher integration in smaller footprints

• Freescale’s automotive market dedication helps the customer with exactly what the application needs to be

• Freescale focuses on purpose-built development to meet standards and regulations

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• FMVSS208: Occupant crash protection

− FMVSS208 is the established industry standard documenting the North American Federal requirements for Occupant Crash Protection.

− In August 2006, NHSTA released a final rule that described the content and accuracy of acceleration and velocity data stored in event data recorders (EDR). It does not require that crash detection systems employ EDR, it specifies the content if EDR is used. Many Tier 1 suppliers through AORC have requested that NHTSA relax this requirement to better match the industry standard today.

• FMVSS214: Side impact protection

− Side impact protection requires 100% of all new vehicles be equipped by 2014

• FMVSS126: ESC

− In September 2006, NHTSA issued a notice of proposed rule making (NPRM) that would require 100% installation rate for ESC on cars and trucks with a GVWR of 10,000 lbs. or less by MY2012.

− The response to NPRM from vehicle manufacturers and Tier 1 safety systems suppliers has been overwhelmingly positive. Due to this feedback, the likelihood that FMVSS126 will be adopted is extremely high.

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21

• GB11551-2003: The protection of the occupants in the event of a frontal collision for passenger car

− This standard (referred to as FMVSS208 in North American and ECE R94 in Europe) was published in June 2004. This rule only contains the front-crash protection.

• GB 20071-2006: The protection of the occupants in the event of a side collision for automobile

− This rule was published in January 2006, with implementation beginning in July 2006.

• Airbag system is not a mandatory install, though well accepted by China car OEMs due to consumer influence

TM





22

Electric parking brake / roll-over mitigation

Active headrest / active suspension

Electronic stability control (ESC)

Accurate tilt monitoring

Airbag main ECU and satellite

active suspension

Min Max

MMA1220/50/60/70KEG Z 1.5 8 SOIC16 WB -40°C / +105°C Analog output

MMA2240/41/42KEG X 7 15 SOIC16 WB -40°C / +125°C Analog output

MMA6900KQ, MMA6901KQ XY 2 5 QFN 6*6 -40°C / +105°C Digital output

MMA2201/02/04/44KEG X 20 100 SOIC16 WB -40°C / +105°C Analog output

MMA3201/02/22/24KEG XY 20 100 SOIC20 WB -40°C / +125°C Analog output

MMA62xxEG, MMA62xxAKEG XY 20 100 SOIC20 WB -40°C / +105°C Digital/Analog output

MMA68xxKW XY 20 100 QFN 6*6 -40°C / 105°C Digital output- 10bits

MMA65xxKW XY 20 120 QFN 6*6 -40°C / 105°C Digital output- 12 bits

Hig

h g

MMA2300KEG X 100 400 SOIC16 WB -40°C / +125°C Analog output

MMA82xxKEG X or Z 100 250 SOIC16 WB -40°C / +125°C DSI 2.02 Protocol

MMA16xxKW / MMA26xxKW X or Z 50 312 QFN 6*6 -40°C / 125°C DSI 2.5 Protocol

MMA51xxKW / MMA52xxKW X or Z 60 480 QFN 6*6 -40°C / 125°C PSI5 1.3 Protocol

Comments

Low

gM

ediu

m g

Inte

gra

ted

Sate

llite

s

Part number Axisg Range capability

Package Temp Range

TM





23

Range Axis Part Number Output Package

1.5g Z MMA1260KEGR2 Analog SOIC16

2.5g Z MMA1270KEGR2 Analog SOIC16

5g Z MMA1250KEGR2 Analog SOIC16

8g Z MMA1220KEGR2 Analog SOIC16

7g X MMA2240KEGR2 Analog SOIC16



25g X MMA6851KWR2 SPI QFN 6x6






QFNSOIC16

X Axis

Range

Y Axis

Range

XY Axis

Part Number

Output Package

3.5g 3.5g MMA6900KQR2 SPI QFN 6x6

5g 5g MMA6901KQR2 SPI QFN 6x6

60g 25g MMA6811KWR2 SPI QFN 6x6






Range X Axis Z Axis Output Package

60g MMA5206KWR2 MMA5106KWR2 PSI5 QFN 6x6




25g MMA2602KWR2 - DSI QFN 6x6

50g MMA2605KWR2 MMA1605KWR2 DSI QFN 6x6

62.5g MMA2606KWR2 MMA1606KWR2 DSI QFN 6x6




TM








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25

• Complete System in Package for Tire Pressure Monitoring

Sensing (TPMS)

Signal

ProcessingData conversion

8-bit core

Embedded Firmware

Wireless

Communication315 MHz

434 MHz

Multi Sensing

CapabilitiesPressure

Temperature

Motion

QFN 9 x 9 mm

Cavity Package

PcellGcell

MCU + RF

In Production In development

SOIC20WB

TM





26

• Absolute Pressure Sensors

− Barometric Absolute Pressure (BAP) 15-400 kPa

− Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) 15-400 kPa

− Tire Pressure Monitoring 100-900 kPa

− Airbag: Side crash detection 50-133kpa

− Comfort Seating 15-400kpa

• Differential Pressure Sensors4 to 1000 kPa

− Brake Booster Monitoring

− Lumbar Air Cushion

− Liquid Level Measurement

− Air Filter Monitoring

− Exhaust Filter Monitoring

TM





27

Fuel injected car enginesMotorbikes, Scooters

Comfort Seating

Consumer/Industrial Applications, such as:

Altimeters, Home Appliances, etc.

Autogas vehicles powered

by green gases

TM





28

• Standards generally regulate the emissions of NOx, particulate matter (PM) or soot, carbon monoxide

(CO), or volatile hydrocarbons. The main components of automobile exhaust, carbon dioxide (CO2) and

water vapor (H2O), have so far not been regulated by emission standards, but the European Union is

moving towards mandatory CO2 standards and USA has reflected it in the Greenhouse Gas Score.

• There are several ratings that can be given to vehicles. A certain percentage of the cars produced by major

manufacturers must meet these different levels in order for the company to sell their products in affected

regions.

EU I EU II EU III EU IV EU V EU VI EU VII

Europe 1992 1996 2000 2005 2009 2014 2018-

2020

China 2000 2004 2007 2010 2012-

2012

2015-

2016

2018-

2020

India 2000 2004-

2005

2005-

2010

2010

I II IIIA

USA 1994 2002 2011-2012

TM





29

• Autogas is the common name for liquefied petroleum

gas (LPG) when it is used as a fuel in internal

combustion engines in vehicles as well as

in stationary applications such as generators. It is a

mixture of propane and butane.

• Autogas is widely used as a "green" fuel as it

decreases exhaust emissions.

• Nowadays 3% (in 2030 up to 10%) of worldwide

vehicles stock is expected to run on either LPG or

CNG fuel.

• LPG will account for 20% share for alternative fuels in

2020.

• Growth in Europe driven mainly by favorable taxation

resulting in approx. 50% LPG cost when compared to

gasoline and diesel.

• LPG is the leading alternative fuel in Europe for

passenger cars (more than 7 million).

• OEM’s releasing cars with LPG and CNG variants; e.g.

Elantra LPI HEV, Chevrolet Spark, Maruti Suzuki800,

Mitsubishi Cedia ALPG and Tata Indica Xeta LPG, etc.

Datasource: World LP Gas Association

Annual Report 2009

TM





30

• Motivation:

− New regulations: High Bumper (IIHS) and Pole Impact (FMVSS201)

• Advantages:

− Good differentiation between fire-crashes and no-fire or misuse cases

− Faster reaction time

− Sensor location inside the door is very flexible

− Various vehicle types can use the same pressure satellite

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28

0

20

-20

40

-40

60

-60

80

Time in ms

treq

Car to Car 30km/h Acceleration

Pressure

tFire Pressure

tFire Acceleration

Car to car 30km/h

B

Cp

Cp

C2

C1

C

A

C2

C1

C2

C1

• Fully differential P/P0 DSI 2.5

• Under development

Example of pressure and acceleration

during a typical impact

TM





31

Bulk Micro machining Surface Micro machining

Si Substrate

Capacitive

Sensing Element

Reference

Vacuum

Sensing

Diaphragm

Metallization &

contact to substrate

Thermal Oxide

Etched

Cavity

Silicon Constraint

Wafer

Diaphragm Transducer

Metallization

Glass Frit

PRESSURE

TM





32

• Resistance varies with Pressure: ∆ Pressure = ∆ Resistance

• Bridge network used for sensing

• Cross Section:

PRT Shrink – MPXHZ9115A6

• Smaller die size

• Vertical cavity walls

• Thinner diaphragm

Diaphragm

DiffusedTransducer

Metallization

Sealed,

KOH Etched

Vacuum Cavity

Etched

Cavity

Silicon Constraint Wafer

PRESSURE

Glass Frit

PRT – MPXHZ6115

• Current product

Sealed,

KOH Etched

Vacuum Cavity

Etched

Cavity

Silicon Constraint Wafer

PRESSUREDiaphragm

DiffusedTransducer

Metallization

Glass Frit





33TM

Ine

rtia

l

Pa

cka

ge

s

Pre

ssu

re

Pa

cka

ge

s

SOP

Differential

SOP

Ported

SOIC20

(TPMS)

QFN

(TPMS)

SSOP MPAK Chip Pak LGA

SOIC20 SOIC16

QFN

6x6x1.98 mm

QFN

6x6x1.45 mm

LGA

3x5x1 mm

Used for Automotive ApplicationSOIC8 to be introduced in 2014

TM





34

• Control IC:

− Digital Signal Processing

ADC

Low pass filter

Mtp_lib-based compensation

− Analog output

10-bit DAC

Clamping capability

At-test programmable clipping

− Digital interface

Available only at test

Allows access to FLASH and internal registers

• Transducer:

− Shrunk-die PRT – Oak Hill Fab. S.O.I. R.I.E.

5k ohm impedence

• Package:

− SSOP (pin-to-pin compatible with MPXH6115)

− 8-pin SSOP w/ GEL

• Pressure Ranges:

− Device will be characterized to support pressure ranges from 15 kPa – 400 kPa. Standard part numbers at popular pressure ranges will be offered.

• Porting Options:

− An Axial port version of the device will also be made available.

TM





35

Key Features

• Pressure range: 15 to 115 kPa

• Maximum pressure: 400 kPa

• 5 volt power supply

• 1.5% maximum error over 0° to

85°C

• Temperature compensated from -

40°C to +125°C

• Improved accuracy at high

temperature

• Fully calibrated and compensated

• Ideally suited for microprocessor or

microcontroller-based systems

• Durable thermoplastic 8-lead surface

mount package

Benefits

• Resistant to high humidity and common automotive media for extended product life

• Uses the same pin-out as existing MPXx6115x pressure sensors for easy drop-in design

• Wide pressure range to cover a variety of engine control applications

• Standard product family provides design flexibility for multiple applications

• Quality commitment per AEC-Q100 grade 1 standard

• Factory-adjustable clipping level for run time diagnostics

• Package porting and mounting options enable tube attachment for LPG or remote sensing applications

TM





36

Control IC

PRT

(Piezo resistive Transducer)

3D View

Top view (Picture)

Control

IC

PRT

TM





37





38TM

Development Tools

• Swappable Freescale sensor modules/plug-in boards

− Accelerometer (MMA6900x MMA68xx, MMA16x, MMA26xx, MMA65xx)

− Plug-in boards allow you to rapidly evaluate Freescale accelerometers

• On-board MCU (MC9S08QE96)

− Stand-alone operation

− Slave MCU mode

• OSBDM / Serial-to-USB

− Onboard MC9S08JM60

− OSBDM support for QE96

− Serial-to-USB support

Collateral

− QFN package application note

(AN3111)

− Inertial sensor general fact sheet

− Sensor solutions brochure

− Automotive brochure

TWR-SENSOR-PAK

Resale:

TWRPI-MMA6900 = $19

TWR-SENSOR-PAK = $149www.freescale.com/towersensorpak

www.freescale.com/tower

TWRPI-MMA6900

daughter board

TWR-SENSOR-PAK

main board

http://www.freescale.com/automotive

http://www.freescale.com/towersensorpak

http://www.freescale.com/tower

http://www.freescale.com/automotive

TM





39

TWRPI-MMA6900

$20

TWRPI-MMA5000

Contact Freescale

TWRPI-MMA2600

Contact Freescale

TWRPI-DSI

To come

TWR-SENSOR-PAK

$149

Swappable Plug-ins

Peripheral Modules

TWRPI-MPXHZ9115

To come

TWRPI-MMA6800

Contact Freescale

TWR-SENSOR-PAK-AUTO

to come

TWRPI-PSI5

To come

TM





40

• Designed from step zero for automotive use

• Zero defect methodology

• Superior test coverage

• 100% three temperature test insertions

• 100% burn-in over production lifetime

• Safe launch plans with the customer

• AECQ100 qualification

• Product longevity program

www.freescale.com/productlongevity

− Freescale makes broad range of automotive devices available for minimum of 15 years

TM





41

Session materials will be posted @

www.freescale.com.cn/FTFLook for announcements in the FTF Group

on LinkedIn or follow Freescale on Sina

• Application Trends for Safety & Emissions Improvement

• Freescale Product Solutions

• Enablement Solutions

http://www.freescale.com.cn/FTF

http://www.freescale.com.cn/FTF

TM





42

TM

Documents

Freescale PowerPoint Template - 恩智浦半导体 · (77 GHz) * Source: iSuppli #1 Freescale 26% Bosch 24% Denso 22% ADI 15% Others 13%. TM Freescale, the Freescale logo, AltiVec,