FRBRoo Based Metadata Description and Integration for Art Collections

An Ontology Approach

Presenter: Ya-Ning Chen

Ya-Ning Chen1 & Hao-Ren Ke2

1Computing Center, Academia Sinica2Graduate Institute of Library & Information Studies, National Taiwan Normal University

Outline

• Background– TELDAP(Taiwan E-Learning and Digital Archives

Program, 2008-2012, prior project: NDAP)– Heterogeneous metadata description and integration

• Proposed Approach• Use Case• Evaluation• Discussion• Conclusion

BACKGROUND

4

An island with multi-culture and a myriad of creatures Land: 36K km2

Population: 23M A melting pot of multiple cultures, including: - Chinese (Holoh, Hakka…) - 20+ indigenous tribes - Immigrants from Vietnam, Indonesia, Thailand…Home to more than 46,000 species of flora and fauna

Development in Taiwan

Content Types • Anthropology• Archaeology• Architecture• Archive• Artifact• Audio & Video• Botany• Calligraphy & Painting• Chinese Classics• Geology• Journalism & Mass Media• Language• Map & Remote Sensing• Rare Book• Rubbing• Zoology 5

PLATFORM: Union Catalog http://catalog.digitalarchives.tw/

• The Union Catalog of TELDAP contains millions of digital objects from local & overseas content holders.

6

Metadata: 5,152,805 Images: 4,012,959 Multimedia: 48,597

metadata

ISSUE

Heterogeneous Metadata Integration

• An interoperability issue• Diversity– Various communities, including archives, libraries,

museums and herbariums.– Various metadata formats and their records, such as

CDWA, EAD, DC(Dublin Core), MARC, and so on.• Current approach– DC-based mapping or crosswalk– Semantic relations embedded in metadata elements are

ignored and lost during mapping.

Proposed Approach• Inter lingua: FRBRoo• Path-based mapping between metadata elements and FRBRoo

(Kondylakis et al., 2006)– Semantic crosswalk– Semantic relations– Core classes and properties

• Tools: TopBraid• Use Case

– The collections of Hwa Kang Museum (HKM) of Chinese Cultural University.

– The collections of Chinese Antiquities at the National Palace Museum (NPM)

• Question Answering (QA) based Evaluation

FRBROO

FRBR

• FRBR: Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records.

• FRBR is a conceptual model for bibliographic records for literary and artistic works released by IFLA(International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions) in 1998.

• FRBR can be also regarded as an ontology for bibliographic universe for libraries.

CIDOC CRM

• A Conceptual Reference Model for museums released by International Committee for Documentation of the ICOM(International Council of Museums) in 1999.

• In 2006 CIDOC CRM was completed with its acceptance as the ISO 21127 standard.

FRBRoo

FRBRFrom ER model to OO Model

CIDOC CRM

Align together

FRBRoo

USE CASE

HKM

Original Items

Multi-spectral images

Digital images

Digitized into Digitized into

Dublin Core CDWA

TELDAPUnion Catalog

Described by Described by

Exported intoConverted fromCDWA into DC

NPM

Original Item A

Original Item B

Is part of

EventAn international

Exhibition

Published Journal Article

Has participated in

Is a topic ofIs described by

The National Palace Museum Monthly of Chinese Art 故宮文物月刊

A: Metadata and DL system

B: Metadata and DL system

PATH-BASED MAPPING

Path-based mapping-1Target Domain

Source Domain

Target Range

Source RangeSource Path

Target Path

FRBRoo Entity

Metadata Element

FRBRoo Entity

Metadata ElementSource Path

Target Path

Path-based mapping-2

E21 Person

E14 Group

E39 ActorE77 Persistent Item

DC’s Creator or Contributor

• /E77 Persistent Item/E39 Actor• /E77 Persistent Item/E39 Actor/E 21 Person• /E77 Persistent Item/E39 Actor/E 14 Group

Museum’s Object

Hierarchical Relation

Path-based mapping-3

E21 Person

E14 Group

E39 ActorF27 Work Conception

DC’s Creator or Contributor

/F27 Work Conception/P14 carried out by(performed)/E39 Actor

Literary Work-Library

Semantic Relation

P14 carried outby(performed)

TOPBRAID IMPLEMENTATION

FRBRoo of TopBraid

EVALUATION

QA1

• An artifact of museum has transferred the right from creator to museum through an acquisition event and has various formats of digital images.

Autumn Begins立秋Various digital formats forthe same original item.

Right creator

Right ownerAcquisitionEvent

Source: http://catalog.digitalarchives.tw/item/00/11/b1/df.html

QA2

• Discover a museum’s artifact that has been involved in an international exhibition held in Germany and selected as a topic in a published journal article.

Grid trellis of Round Treasure Box with Indian Lotus Décor

(Ch’ing dynasty, Chinese: 清 竹絲纏枝番蓮圓盒多寶格 )

Source: http://catalog.digitalarchives.tw/item/00/0c/c6/93.html

Discussion

• One-to-one principle– A shared classes and properties of FRBRoo– Semantic relationships and queries

• Ontology-based alignment of heterogeneous metadata integration for museum’s objects and library’s literary works– Keep two different documentation approaches intact

and parallel– Align rather than to change one approach and its

metadata to fit the other

Conclusion

• FRBRoo: an inter lingua (i.e., a shared ontology)• Explicit semantic relationships embedded in

metadata elements• Transform human-understandable metadata into

machine- readable and understandable representation with RDF’s expression

• Semantic query• A shift toward the semantic web

Thanks for your attention.