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Griggs deformation apparatus

3. Rheology of partially molten rocks

High P & T - Solid-medium pressure vessels(deformation set-up)

high pressures (up to 50+ kbar)

-> not fully isotropic

internal graphite furnace -> larger uncertainty on T

profile

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Paterson gas-medium apparatus (Orleans)

3. Rheology of partially molten rocks

High P & T – Gas-medium deformation apparatus

from Champallier, 2005

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3. Rheology of partially molten rocks

High P & T – Gas-medium deformation apparatus

from Schmocker et al., JGR 2003

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3. Rheology of partially molten rocks

Partially molten plagioclase aggregates:Anorthite/Labradorite + 0-12% glass

Dimanov et al., JGR 1998, Tectonoph. 2000

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3. Rheology of partially molten rocks

Partially molten plagioclase aggregates:Anorthite/Labradorite + 0-12% glass

Dimanov et al., JGR 1998, Tectonoph. 2000

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3. Rheology of partially molten rocks

Partially molten plagioclase aggregates:Anorthite/Labradorite + 0-12% glass

Dimanov et al., JGR 1998, Tectonoph. 2000

Wark & Watson, EPSL 1998

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3. Rheology of partially molten rocks

Partially molten olivine aggregates:Olivine + 0-10% MORB

Hirth & Kohlstedt, JGR 1995a,b, EPSL 1996

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3. Rheology of partially molten rocks

Hirth & Kohlstedt, JGR 1995a,b, EPSL 1996

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3. Rheology of partially molten rocks – Effect of water

Hirth & Kohlstedt, JGR 1995a,b, EPSL 1996

Partially molten olivine aggregates:Olivine + 0-10% MORB

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3. Rheology of partially molten rocks – Effect of water

Hirth & Kohlstedt, JGR 1995a,b, EPSL 1996

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3. Rheology of partially molten rocks – Effect of water

Scott & Kohlstedt, EPSL: 2006

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3. Rheology of partially molten rocks

Mecklenburgh & Rutter, JSG 2003

Partially molten synthetic granite: quartz + quartz-albite glass

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3. Rheology of partially molten rocks

Rutter, Brodie & Irving, JGR 2006

Partially molten synthetic granite: quartz + quartz-albite glass + H2O

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3. Rheology of partially molten rocks

Rutter, Brodie & Irving, JGR 2006

Partially molten synthetic granite: quartz + quartz-albite glass + H2O

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4. From pure melt to solid rock - Rheological thresholds

Rutter, Brodie & Irving, JGR 2006

Partially molten synthetic granite: quartz + quartz-albite glass + H2O

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Rosenberg, IJES 2001

Costa, GRL 2005

4. From pure melt to solid rock - Rheological thresholds

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Caricchi et al., EPSL 2007

4. From pure melt to solid rock - Rheological thresholds

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Burg & Vigneresse, 2002

4. From pure melt to solid rock - Rheological thresholds

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Holtzman et al., Science 2003, G3 2003J. of Petrology 2005

4. Large strain deformation – Melt segregation

Large strain experiments

on partially molten olivine: - olivine + 4-6% MORB - olivine + MORB + chromite

1200-1300°C, 3 kbarsPaterson apparatus

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Holtzman et al., 2003, 2005

4. Large strain deformation – Melt segregation

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4. Large strain deformation – Melt segregation

Simple shear, 1200-1300°C, 3kbars

Olivine aggregates (Bystricky et al., Science 2000)

Olivine + 4% MORB

Olivine + 6% MORB + chromite(Holtzman et al., Science 2003)

Lattice preferred orientations (LPO)

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4. Large strain deformation – Melt segregation

from Bystricky 2003

Holtzman et al. 2003

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Holtzman et al., Science 2003, G3 2005

4. Large strain deformation – Melt segregation

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Katz et al., Nature 2006

4. Large strain deformation – Melt segregation

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Morgan et al., JGR 1999

4. Large strain deformation – Melt segregation

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4. Large strain deformation – Melt segregation

Granular flow in water-rich quartz aggregates

torsion experiments in gas-medium deformation apparatus

Fors

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Schmocker et al., 2003

4... Liquid segregation & Strain partitioning

Granular flow in water-richquartz aggregates

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Schmocker et al., 2003

4... Liquid segregation & Strain partitioning

Granular flow in water-rich quartz aggregates

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Déformation de suspensions magmatiques (0-65% de solide)

Haplogranitic melt + Al2O3 crystals

Arbaret et al., JGR 2007Champallier et al., EPSL 2008

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Déformation de suspensions magmatiques (0-65% de solide)

Arbaret et al., JGR 2007Champallier et al., EPSL 2008

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Déformation de suspensions magmatiques (0-65% de solide)

Arbaret et al., JGR 2007Champallier et al., EPSL 2008

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Déformation de suspensions magmatiques (0-65% de solide)

Arbaret et al., JGR 2007

54% crystal fraction

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Déformation de suspensions magmatiques (0-65% de solide)

Arbaret et al., JGR 2007

extrait de Champallier 2005

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Déformation de suspensions magmatiques (0-65% de solide)

Arbaret et al., JGR 2007

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Future directions

liquide haplotonalitique partiellement cristallisé(quartz nodules + plagioclase) - 775°C, 300 MPa

non déformé

γ ~ 3.7

- sensitive load cell in Paterson apparatus => complete sets of experiments => robust flow laws

- thorough studies on fabricdevelopment (SPO, LPO)

- deformation during crystallization