for the Styx River/ Purakaunui Stormwater Management Planfiles.ecan.govt.nz/public/ccc-styx/crc131249-appendix-e.pdf · Monitoring Programme for the Styx River/ Purakaunui Stormwater

Monitoring Programme for the Styx River/

Purakaunui Stormwater Management Plan

Version 1.0

October 2012

PO Box 2281Level 1, 132 Tuam Street,

Christchurch 8011

tel (03) 377 5696 fax (03) 377 9944

web www.golder.com

Version 1.0

Prepared by

Golder Associates (NZ) Limited

On behalf of

Christchurch City Council

Monitoring Programme for the Styx River/

Purakaunui StormwaterManagement Plan

MONITORING PROGRAMME FOR STYX RIVER/PŪRĀKAUNUI STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN

October 2012

Report No. 0878105590_004_R_Rev0 (087813714) i

Table of Contents

1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 Consent Requirement ............................................................................................................................. 1

1.2 Purpose .................................................................................................................................................. 1

1.3 Receiving Environment Objectives ........................................................................................................... 1

1.4 Background ............................................................................................................................................ 2

1.5 Provision for Amendments ....................................................................................................................... 3

2.0 SURFACE WATER.............................................................................................................................................. 3

2.1 Surface Water Levels .............................................................................................................................. 3

2.2 Surface Water Quality Sampling Sites and Frequency .............................................................................. 4

2.3 Surface Water Quality Sampling Parameters............................................................................................ 4

2.4 Surface Water Quality Sampling Protocol ................................................................................................. 5

2.5 Surface Water Quality Analytical Methods and Detection Limits ................................................................ 5

3.0 STREAM SEDIMENT QUALITY ........................................................................................................................... 7

3.1 State of the Environment Monitoring ........................................................................................................ 7

3.1.1 Sampling sites and frequency............................................................................................................. 7

3.1.2 Sampling parameters ......................................................................................................................... 7

3.2 Agricultural Contaminant Monitoring ........................................................................................................ 8

3.2.1 Sampling sites and frequency............................................................................................................. 8

3.2.2 Agricultural contaminant sampling parameters .................................................................................... 8

3.3 Stream Sediment Sampling Protocol ........................................................................................................ 8

3.4 Stream Sediment Analytical Methods ....................................................................................................... 9

4.0 AQUATIC ECOLOGY MONITORING ................................................................................................................... 9

4.1 Sampling Sites and Frequency ................................................................................................................ 9

4.2 Ecological Parameters........................................................................................................................... 10

4.3 Ecological Sampling Protocol ................................................................................................................ 10

4.4 Invertebrate Data Analysis ..................................................................................................................... 12

5.0 SOIL ADSORPTION BASINS ............................................................................................................................ 12

5.1 Soil Sampling Sites, Frequency and Parameters .................................................................................... 12

5.2 Soil Sampling Protocol .......................................................................................................................... 13

5.3 Soil Analytical Methods and Detection Limits.......................................................................................... 13


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5.4 Soil Infiltration Rate Monitoring .............................................................................................................. 14

6.0 GROUNDWATER .............................................................................................................................................. 14

7.0 RESPONSE TO MONITORING .......................................................................................................................... 14

8.0 REPORTING ..................................................................................................................................................... 15

9.0 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................................. 17

TABLES

Table 1: Water level monitoring locations....................................................................................................................... 3

Table 2: Rainfall monitoring locations. ........................................................................................................................... 3

Table 3: Surface water quality monitoring locations. ....................................................................................................... 4

Table 4: Surface water contaminants to be monitored. ................................................................................................... 4

Table 5: Sediment quality monitoring sites in Styx River/Pūrākaunui SMP area. ............................................................. 7

Table 6: State of the environment stream sediment quality contaminants to be monitored ............................................... 7

Table 7: Agricultural contaminant stream sediment monitoring sites in the Styx River/Pūrākaunui SMP area. .................. 8

Table 8: Agricultural stream sediment quality contaminants to be monitored. .................................................................. 8

Table 9: Grain size classification for sediments .............................................................................................................. 9

Table 10: Proposed sites for five yearly ecological monitoring in Styx River/Pūrākaunui SMP area. ............................... 10

Table 11: Summary of Periphyton categories used for field assessments ..................................................................... 11

Table 13: Soil quality sampling sites and parameters. .................................................................................................. 13

FIGURES

Figure 1: Location of surface water monitoring sites in Styx River/Pūrākaunui SMP Area. ............................................... 6


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1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Consent Requirement

This Monitoring Plan has been prepared in accordance with the requirements of Condition 11 of resource

consent CRC122598:

“The consent holder shall undertake monitoring in accordance with the attached Monitoring

Programme for Styx River/Pūrākaunui Stormwater Management Plan Version 1.0 (‘Monitoring

Programme’) or any subsequent certified revisions to the Monitoring Programme.”

It is noted that the industrial sites audit programme will be developed within a year of granting of the consent

and is therefore not part of this version of the Monitoring Programme.

1.2 Purpose

The purpose of the Monitoring Programme is to determine whether the receiving environment objectives are

being met, and if they are not, provide a means for further investigation and/or remedial works to ensure that

all reasonable and practicable steps are being taken to work towards achievement of the receiving

environment objectives.

The purpose is further defined in Condition 12 of resource consent CRC122598:

“The purpose of the Monitoring Programme is to investigate the effects of stormwater discharges on,

surface water quality, stream sediment quality, the ecology of surface waterways, surface water

levels and soil quality within the Styx SMP area. The Monitoring Programme or any revisions to the

Monitoring Programme shall also:

(a) Be sufficient to detect any trends in, surface water quality, stream sediment quality, the

ecology of surface waterways and soil quality.

(b) For surface water monitoring programmes, be sufficient to measure compliance with the

water quality, sediment quality and aquatic ecology objectives set out in Table 1.

(c) Be sufficient to demonstrate compliance with the water quantity objectives set out in

Conditions (5) to (6).”

1.3 Receiving Environment Objectives

The receiving environment objectives for the Styx Stormwater Management Plan (SMP) Area, as set out in

the SMP (Golder 2012), are shown here for reference.


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1.4 Background

The rationale behind a standalone Monitoring Programme that sits alongside, but separate to, the consent

conditions was to allow Christchurch City Council some degree of flexibility (e.g., in the location of some

monitoring sites) while satisfying Environment Canterbury that the monitoring programme is robust enough

to determine compliance with stormwater discharge consent conditions.

The concept and approach to the Monitoring Programme was developed following discussions between

Christchurch City Council and Environment Canterbury scientists.

The Monitoring Programme includes monitoring of the following parameters:

Surface water quality;

Stream sediment quality;

Aquatic ecology; and

Soil quality.

The specific monitoring sites and frequency for each parameter are detailed in this document.

Surface water quality and aquatic ecology

Class 1 and Class 2 Receiving Waterways

Protect and otherwise enhance ecological values

Recognise and provide for Ngāi Tahu’s association with freshwater resources

No adverse ecological impacts from construction activities

Improve water quality towards the national guidelines for copper, lead and zinc

Reduce nutrient concentrations

Improve sediment quality towards the national guidelines

Class 3 Network Waterways

Protect and otherwise enhance ecological values

Ensure Class 1 and 2 waterways downstream are not compromised

Class 4 Network Waterways

Ensure Class 1 and 2 waterways downstream are not compromised


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1.5 Provision for Amendments

The Monitoring Programme can also be reviewed and updated, subject to relevant approvals, without

necessitating a review of the SMP or resource consent. The process for amending the Monitoring

Programme is detailed in Condition 13 of resource consent CRC122598.

“Any amendments to the Monitoring Programme may not replace the previous version until the

Monitoring Programme has been certified by the RMA Compliance and Enforcement Manager of the

Canterbury Regional Council as complying with the requirements of Condition (12).”

2.0 SURFACE WATER

2.1 Surface Water Levels

Monitoring water quantity through water level or flow recorders and rainfall gauges provides information on

the capacity of the Styx River/Pūrākaunui SMP Area waterways and how they respond to rainfall events.

Water level in waterways is recorded at six sites and there are three rainfall gauges within the Styx

River/Pūrākaunui SMP Area (Table 1 and Table 2). Water level and rainfall are read at 15 minute intervals,

mainly by telemetry. The location of the monitoring sites is shown on Figure 1.

Table 1: Water level monitoring locations.

Waterway Location Easting1 Northing

1

Styx River Harbour Road, Brooklands 2485000 5756409

Styx River Below tidegates 2485100 5756800

Styx River2 Radcliffe Road 2481716 5749030

Styx River Lower Styx Road, Spencerville 2484500 5751500

Bullers Drain2 2480712 5746481

Horners Drain2 2481091 5748022

Note: 1 Projection – New Zealand Map Grid, Datum – New Zealand 1949;

2 Sites where water level and flow is recorded.

Table 2: Rainfall monitoring locations.

Location Easting1 Northing

1

PS62, Tyrone Street, Belfast 2480770 5751500

Harbour Road, Brooklands 2485000 5756409

Lower Styx Road, Spencerville 2484500 5751500

Langdons Road Papanui 2478004 5746178

Note: 1 Projection – New Zealand Map Grid, Datum – New Zealand 1949.

No changes to the current water level and rainfall monitoring sites are proposed except for Horners Drain

level monitoring and Langdons Road Rainfall recording stations which may be relocated to suitable nearby

sites to suit developments in these locations. Reporting requirements are detailed in Section 8.0.


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2.2 Surface Water Quality Sampling Sites and Frequency

Christchurch City Council currently monitors water quality in Styx River/Pūrākaunui SMP Area waterways on

a monthly basis for a range of parameters. The surface water quality monitoring sites are listed in Table 3

and analysed for the parameters listed in Table 4. The location of the monitoring sites is shown on Figure 1.

Table 3: Surface water quality monitoring locations.

Waterway Location Easting1 Northing

1

Smacks Creek Gardiners Road2 2476819 5749565

Styx River Gardiners Road near Styx Mill Road 2476786 5748840

Styx River Main North Road2 2479066 5748833

Kaputone Creek Blakes Road 2480401 5749645

Kaputone Creek Belfast Road2 2482195 5749882

Styx River Marshland Road2 bridge 2482359 5749393

Styx River Richards bridge3 2483980 5751255

Styx River Harbour Road bridge 2485000 5756366

Wilson’s Drain Main North Road4 2481242 5752409


2 Sites for additional wet weather monitoring;

3 the Richards

bridge site is known as Teapes Road at Environment Canterbury; 4 the Wilson’s Drain sampling site is new and the location will be

confirmed at the first sampling round.

The sites listed in Table 3 will be sampled monthly. A subset of six sites (Table 5) has been selected for

additional wet weather monitoring. These sites will be monitored every five years, during two wet weather

events (additional to monthly monitoring). For the purposes of sampling, a wet weather event is defined as

at least 10 mm of rain.

No changes to the current surface water quality monitoring programme are proposed. Reporting

requirements are detailed in Section 8.0.

2.3 Surface Water Quality Sampling Parameters

Regular monthly samples and additional wet weather samples from the sites listed in Table 3 above shall be

analysed for the parameters identified in Table 4, following the collection methodology and analytical

methods presented in Section 2.4.

Table 4: Surface water contaminants to be monitored.

Parameter Unit

Total and dissolved copper g/m³

Total and dissolved lead g/m³

Total and dissolved zinc g/m³

pH -

Electrical Conductivity µS/cm

TSS gm-3

Turbidity NTU

Dissolved Oxygen g/m³

Dissolved Oxygen % saturation

Temperature °C


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Report No. 0878105590_004_R_Rev0 (087813714) 5

Parameter Unit

Biochemical oxygen demand g/m³

Ammoniacal nitrogen g/m³

Nitrate nitrogen g/m³

Nitrite nitrogen g/m³

Dissolved reactive phosphorus g/m³

Escherichia coli CFU/100ml

Hardness g/m³ as calcium carbonate

2.4 Surface Water Quality Sampling Protocol

Surface water samples are to be collected from the centre of the bridge where possible, provided the flow is

representative of the river, or alternatively from the river bank. Samples may be collected in a bucket before

transferral to the appropriate correctly labelled bottles, providing the bucket is rinsed twice beforehand with

river water. Clean sampling techniques as described in MWH (2009) shall be followed to prevent

contamination of samples.

Bottles (and lids) that do not have preservative should be rinsed with a small amount of water from the river

immediately prior to sample collection, and the rinsate discarded away from the sampling site. Any bottles

with preservative in them must not be rinsed, nor filled to overflowing as the preservative will be lost.

Surface water quality samples shall be dispatched in bottles prepared by an International Accreditation New

Zealand (IANZ) accredited laboratory1 and as such will follow a Quality Assurance Plan. Samples shall be

immediately stored on ice and delivered to the laboratory within 24 hours. A completed chain of custody

shall accompany all samples dispatched to an external testing laboratory.

At each site location, observations and in situ measurements (including pH, conductivity, temperature and

dissolved oxygen) shall be recorded.

2.5 Surface Water Quality Analytical Methods and Detection Limits

The surface water samples will be analysed by an IANZ accredited laboratory. Detection limits for each

parameter shall be suitable to enable comparison of the results with relevant guidelines and trigger levels for

reporting purposes. Reporting requirements are detailed in Section 8.0.

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Report No. 0878105590_004_R_Rev0 (087813714) 7

3.0 STREAM SEDIMENT QUALITY

3.1 State of the Environment Monitoring

3.1.1 Sampling sites and frequency

Waterway sediments were sampled and reported in Golder (2009a). It is anticipated that the survey will be

repeated (at a subset of sampling sites) every five years on the basis that the data provides key indicators

for general water quality of the receiving environments in terms of metal toxicity. The sites chosen for the

subsequent sediment quality surveys (Figure 1) have been selected to be consistent with the water quality

monitoring and aquatic ecology monitoring programmes to allow comparison of data.

Sediment sampling will occur as part of a city wide monitoring programme for Christchurch City Council.

Sites representing the “state of the environment” will be sampled every five years for each catchment. The

sampling will coincide with a rotation of ecological monitoring and wet weather water quality monitoring. The

sediment sampling sites are listed in Table 5 and shown in Figure 1.

Table 5: Sediment quality monitoring sites in Styx River/Pūrākaunui SMP area.

Waterway Location Easting1 Northing1

Styx River Sawyers Arms Road 2476194 5747792

Smacks Creek upstream of Husseys Road 2477072 5749363

Styx River Styx Mill Conservation Reserve 2478629 5749061

Styx River Main North Road 2479110 5748827

Styx River Redwood Springs 2480092 5749035

Kaputone Stream Blakes Road 2480384 5749665

Kaputone Stream Belfast Road east 2482200 5749890

Styx River Marshlands Road 2482364 5749401

Styx River Richards bridge 2484011 5751224

Styx River Kainga Road 2485009 5756361

Wilson’s Drain Otukaikino Memorial Reserve 2481259 5752508

Horners Drain Prestons Road 2480777 5748019

Note: 1 Projection – New Zealand Map Grid, Datum – New Zealand 1949.

3.1.2 Sampling parameters

The state of the environment sediment samples shall be analysed for the parameters identified in Table 6,

following the collection methodology and analytical methods presented in Sections 3.3 and 3.4.

Particle size distribution will also be analysed in accordance with the methods described in Section 3.4.

Table 6: State of the environment stream sediment quality contaminants to be monitored

Parameter Unit

Total copper g/m³

Total lead g/m³

Total zinc g/m³

Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) g/m³


October 2012

Report No. 0878105590_004_R_Rev0 (087813714) 8

3.2 Agricultural Contaminant Monitoring

3.2.1 Sampling sites and frequency

To enable a proactive approach to the monitoring of agricultural contaminants, additional contaminants will

be measured in stream sediments at six sites. As there is currently little data available on the contaminants,

the aim of this monitoring is to generate a baseline data set for these contaminants.

The sites have been chosen to represent the range of land uses present within the catchment. The sites to

be sampled are described in Table 7 and shown in Figure 1.

The monitoring site locations and parameters to be analysed are the outcome of discussions held between

Christchurch City Council and Environment Canterbury in July 2012.

Table 7: Agricultural contaminant stream sediment monitoring sites in the Styx River/Pūrākaunui SMP area.

Site ID Location Description Easting1 Northing

1

Styx River Sawyers Arms Road 2476194 5747792


Kaputone Stream Blakes Road 2480384 5749665

Styx River Marshlands Road 2482364 5749401


Wilson’s Drain Otukaikino Memorial Reserve 2481259 5752508

Notes: 1 Projection – New Zealand Map Grid, Datum – New Zealand 1949

The sites will be sampled in 2012 to establish a baseline and repeated after five years.

3.2.2 Agricultural contaminant sampling parameters

The agricultural contaminant samples shall be analysed for the parameters identified in Table 8, following the

collection methodology and analytical methods presented in Sections 3.3 and 3.4.

Table 8: Agricultural stream sediment quality contaminants to be monitored.

Parameter Unit

Total arsenic g/m³

Semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC) - including phenols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, organochlorine pesticides and plasticisers.

g/m³

3.3 Stream Sediment Sampling Protocol

At each site, stream sediment samples shall be collected within a slow flowing area. Samples shall be

collected to a depth of 2 to 3 cm using plastic box corers with an area of 60 cm2.

For metal and PAH analysis, and the analyses for agricultural contaminants, five sub-samples shall be

collected from each site and combined to form a composite sample. The sampling shall aim to collect

sediment that is texturally similar between sites, with preferential collection of fine sediments (<2 mm) to

ensure sufficient material for laboratory analysis.

Additionally, five sub-samples shall be collected from each site and combined to form a composite sample of

at least 1kg to evaluate the sediment physical characteristics.

Samples shall be stored in a chilly bin on ice until delivery to the laboratory. A completed chain of custody

shall accompany all samples dispatched to an external testing laboratory. At each sampling location a field

sheet shall be completed describing the site characteristics and the presence of upstream discharges. GPS


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Report No. 0878105590_004_R_Rev0 (087813714) 9

coordinates shall be recorded at each site and photographs taken of the general stream environment and of

the stream-bed.

3.4 Stream Sediment Analytical Methods

Metals

Analysis of sediments for metals can be conducted using a variety of methods, which vary depending on the

fraction of sediment analysed, the digestion method used and the instrumental method used. The stream

sediment samples will be analysed by an IANZ accredited laboratory using consistent methods over time to

ensure comparability of results. Detection limits for each parameter shall be suitable to enable comparison

of the results with relevant guidelines and trigger levels for reporting purposes.

Industrial Contaminants

The approach to the analysis of agricultural contaminants other than metals will be similar to the approach

for metals. Sediment samples will be analysed by an IANZ accredited laboratory using consistent methods

over time to ensure comparability of results. Detection limits for each parameter shall be suitable to enable

comparison of the results with relevant guidelines and trigger levels for reporting purposes.

Physical Characteristics

Sediments are classified based on their grain size, by determining the percentage by weight of particles

within the different size ranges. The classification used is based on the Wentworth scale (Table 9).

Sediment texture is assessed by wet sieving over 2 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.25 mm and 0.063 mm, then gravimetric

measurement after drying at 103°C.

Table 9: Grain size classification for sediments

Grain size Wentworth Classification

<0.063 mm Silt and clay (mud)

0.063 – 0.25 mm Fine sand and very fine sand

0.25 – 0.50 mm Medium sand

0.50 – 2 mm Coarse sand and very coarse sand

>2 mm Gravel and cobbles

Reporting requirements are detailed in Section 8.0.

4.0 AQUATIC ECOLOGY MONITORING

4.1 Sampling Sites and Frequency

Aquatic ecology monitoring sites representing the “state of the environment” shall be sampled every five

years for each catchment (Table 10). Most of these sites are currently included in an existing monitoring

programme called ‘long term monitoring of aquatic invertebrates in Christchurch’s waterways.’ These sites

are distributed throughout the catchment and not focused on sites of high ecological value. The sites are

shown in Table 10. It should be noted that the Styx Mill Reserve site will be monitored on an annual basis,

as agreed during discussions held between Christchurch City Council and Environment Canterbury in June

2012.


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Report No. 0878105590_004_R_Rev0 (087813714) 10

Table 10: Proposed sites for five yearly ecological monitoring in Styx River/Pūrākaunui SMP area.

Location Description Easting1 Northing1

Kaputone Creek At Ouruhia Reserve 2481755 5751732

Kaputone Creek Between Blakes and Belfast roads 2480943 5749727

Smacks Creek Hussey Road 2477033 5749402

Styx River Claridges Road 2476512 5748527

Styx River Upstream of Styx Mill Reserve 2477610 5749003

Styx River At Styx Mill Reserve2 2478252 5749370


Styx River Dunlops Road 2482806 5749795

Styx River Richards bridge 2484011 5751224


Horners Drain Hawkins Road 2481293 5748401


2 annual monitoring site.

4.2 Ecological Parameters

The ecological monitoring programme will include monitoring of the following parameters which will be

sampled according to the protocols described in Section 5.3.

Invertebrates;

Habitat;

Macrophytes;

Periphyton; and

Fish.

4.3 Ecological Sampling Protocol

Invertebrates

The aquatic benthic invertebrate community shall be assessed by collecting a single kicknet sample from

each of three transects for every survey site. Samples shall be collected by disturbing the substrate across

an approximate 1.5 m width and within a 0.3 m band immediately upstream of a conventional kicknet

(0.5 mm mesh). Refer to the semi-quantitative approaches C1 and C2 from Stark et al. (2001), for details of

sampling methods for hard-bottomed and soft-bottomed streams.

Invertebrate kicknet samples shall be preserved in the field and then taken to the laboratory for identification.

All invertebrates will be counted and identified to the lowest practical level (refer Appendix B of Stark et al.

(2001)) using a binocular microscope. Sub-sampling may be used for especially large samples as

appropriate, with a proportion of the sample fully sorted and identified, and the unsorted fraction scanned for

rare taxa.

Sampling methods suitable for non-wadeable sites (i.e., sites in the lower Styx catchment) will be agreed

between Christchurch City Council and Environment Canterbury prior to the commencement of the sampling

programme.


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Report No. 0878105590_004_R_Rev0 (087813714) 11

Habitat

The following habitat characteristics shall also be assessed for each of the three transects: water velocity,

water depth, fine sediment depth, macrophyte cover and depth, and substrate composition. A visual

evaluation of the type of riparian habitat, general bank attributes, percent stream shade and the presence of

instream features such as riffles and runs shall be recorded.

Substrate composition shall be assessed at no less than 5 points on each of the three transects, by

assigning the substrate type to one of five classes: silt/sand (<2 mm); gravels (2 - 16 mm); pebbles

(16 - 64 mm); small cobbles (64 - 128 mm); large cobbles (128 - 256 mm). Similarly, water depth,

macrophyte depth and fine sediment depth shall be recorded at points across each transect.

Macrophytes

A qualitative assessment of macrophyte cover shall be carried out for each of the three transects and include

the following factors:

A visual estimation of streambed cover (%);

Identification of the dominant species present; and

Identification of the type present (emergent or submerged).

Periphyton

A visual qualitative assessment of the percentage of streambed periphyton coverage and composition shall

be made at each site, using periphyton groups outlined in Biggs (2000). A summary of the periphyton

groups used for field assessments is given in Table 11.

Percentage cover scores for macrophytes and long filamentous algae (>20 mm) shall be compared to the

macrophyte and periphyton indicators provided in Table WQL 5 of the Natural Resources Regional Plan

(Environment Canterbury 2011), as shown in Table 12.

Table 11: Summary of Periphyton categories used for field assessments

Periphyton Group Colour

Thin mat/film Green

(<0.5 mm thick) Light brown

Black/dark brown

Medium mat Green

(0.5 - 3 mm thick) Light brown

Black/dark brown

Thick mat Green/light brown

(<3 mm thick) Black/dark brown

Filaments, short Green

(<2 cm long) Brown/reddish

Filaments, long Green

(>2 cm long) Brown/reddish


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Report No. 0878105590_004_R_Rev0 (087813714) 12

Table 12: Relevant macrophyte and periphyton indicators from Table WQL5 of the NRRP1.

Water Quality Management Unit

Macrophyte indicators Periphyton indicators

Emergent macrophytes (maximum cover of river

bed)

%

Total macrophytes (maximum cover of

river bed)

%

Filamentous algae >20 mm (maximum cover of river bed)

%

Spring-fed - plains 30 50 30

Note: 1Environment Canterbury (2011).

Fish

The fish community will be assessed for at least five sites within the Styx River/Pūrākaunui catchment area, by electrofishing or netting as appropriate. Sites will be a selection of those sampled for the Styx River Ecology Survey Extension (Golder 2009b) and will be assessed using comparable methods, so that any trends over time may be identified.

4.4 Invertebrate Data Analysis

Sample processing for macroinvertebrate surveys shall be carried out as described above. Invertebrate data

will be summarised by a standard set of indices listed below. Details of these indices can be found in Collier

& Winterbourn (2000).

Taxa richness;

Total abundance;

Ephemeroptera-Plecoptera-Trichoptera (EPT) taxa richness and percent EPT (%EPT);

Macroinvertebrate Community Index (MCI) and Quantitative MCI (QMCI); and

Urban Community Index (UCI) and Quantitative UCI (QUCI).

Reporting requirements are detailed in Section 8.0.

5.0 SOIL ADSORPTION BASINS

5.1 Soil Sampling Sites, Frequency and Parameters

The requirement for a soil adsorption basin soil quality monitoring programme is limited in this SMP area as

there are very few existing basins and no new basins proposed in the Blueprint. Accordingly, the

programme shall rely on the programme proposed for the South-West Christchurch SMP consent

(CRC120233). This programme shall test a range of parameters in soil absorption basins which are

representative of a variety of stormwater treatment systems, land uses and ages. The soil adsorption basins

chosen for monitoring are not located within the Styx River/Pūrākaunui SMP area since they are intended to

provide a data set that is representative of the entire city. The rationale for this approach is to avoid the

unnecessarily onerous monitoring regime that would result as subsequent SMP areas are consented. The

Hornby Industrial Park was deemed to be an appropriate industrial sampling site because it is relatively new


October 2012

Report No. 0878105590_004_R_Rev0 (087813714) 13

and is one of the few industrial systems comprising an infiltration basin rather than a detention basin. The

details of the soil quality monitoring proposed are provided in Table 13, and is the same as that proposed for

the South-West Christchurch SMP consent (CRC120233). The maintenance of the existing under-drained

soil adsorption basins in the Northwood subdivision and the two soil adsorption basins off Springwater

Avenue will be guided by the representative basins below and any miscellaneous sampling deemed

necessary.

The monitoring programme shall commence within 10 years of commissioning of a soil adsorption mitigation

facility, and shall analyse samples at five yearly intervals thereafter.

Table 13: Soil quality sampling sites and parameters.

Location Type of stormwater treatment system

Land use Year system constructed

Parameters to analyse

Denton Park Soakage basin Residential 1997 Cu, Pb, Zn, TPH

Beckenham Library Detention swale Car park 2005 Cu, Pb, Zn, TPH

Tumara Park Infiltration and detention - large

Residential 2003 Cu, Pb, Zn, TPH

Hornby Industrial Park

Infiltration basin Industrial 1995 As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, TPH, sVOCs

Richmond Housing Complex

Swale and first flush basin

High density housing

2007 Cu, Pb, Zn, TPH

5.2 Soil Sampling Protocol

A representative sample of the soil shall be collected from the relevant soil adsorption basin. The sample

shall be collected from a depth of between zero and 50 millimetres below the ground surface at the point of

lowest elevation. All samples shall be collected using a pre-cleaned (phosphate free detergent) stainless

steel trowel and transferred immediately into jars or containers provided by the laboratory. Field personnel

shall wear gloves at all times during sampling.

A completed chain of custody shall accompany all samples dispatched to an external testing laboratory.

Samples shall be stored in a chilly bin on ice until delivery to the laboratory. At each sampling location a field

sheet shall be completed describing the site characteristics and photographs taken of the basin surface.

5.3 Soil Analytical Methods and Detection Limits

Analysis of soil adsorption basin samples shall occur through an IANZ accredited laboratory. Detection limits

for each parameter shall be suitable to enable comparison of the results with relevant guidelines and trigger

levels for reporting purposes. Reporting requirements are detailed in Section 8.0.

The soil sample results shall be compared against the most appropriate and relevant soil quality guidelines

values depending on dominant land use surrounding the stormwater treatment systems and the use of the

individual treatment systems (i.e. recreational reserve). The following documents will be assessed as to their

suitability for comparison with the results:

Contaminated Land Management Guidelines No. 2 – Hierarchy and application in New Zealand of

environmental guideline values (MfE 2003).


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Guidelines for Assessing and Managing Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contaminated Sites in New Zealand

(MfE 1999).

Australian and New Zealand Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Quality (ANZECC 2000).

Trigger values for soil quality contained in other Christchurch City Council stormwater discharge

consent conditions.

The guidelines that are deemed most suitable for comparing the soil sample results will be accompanied by

a justification for their use and suitability.

5.4 Soil Infiltration Rate Monitoring

The infiltration rate of at least one representative soil adsorption basin within the Styx SMP area will be

tested within 12 months of commissioning of the basins. The testing shall be carried out using the double

ring infiltrometer test; or a flooded basin test.

The soil adsorption basin infiltration rates, including those with under-drains, shall be compared to the

following threshold values:

Full basin volume to empty within seven days; and

Maximum infiltration rate of:

<100 millimetres per hour as determined using a double ring infiltrometer test; or

<50 millimetres per hour as determined using a flooded basin test.

If the measured infiltration rates do not comply with the thresholds listed above then a further investigation

shall be carried out to determine the cause and appropriate mitigation measures recommended and

implemented.

6.0 GROUNDWATER

No monitoring of groundwater levels or quality is included in this monitoring programme because the

Blueprint does not contain provision for any new stormwater facilities to discharge to ground. This has been

discussed and agreed to by the Christchurch City Council and the CRC in accordance with The Protocol.

At the time of writing the Christchurch City Council monitors groundwater (levels and quality) at a number of

sites throughout the city, including some within the Styx SMP Area. This monitoring is outside the bounds of

the Styx SMP consent and associated monitoring requirements.

7.0 RESPONSE TO MONITORING

In the event that monitoring identifies that receiving environment objectives are not being met due to

activities authorised by this consent, a further investigation will be carried out. A further investigation would

include, but not necessarily be limited to, the following key actions:

Notify Canterbury Regional Council that a further investigation is required;


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Report No. 0878105590_004_R_Rev0 (087813714) 15

Additional monitoring (i.e., surface water, ecological, flow monitoring, soil and sediment quality) as

appropriate to determine the cause;

Recommend corrective actions to be taken (e.g., if the cause is flooding then means of discharge can

be altered);

Recommend changes to mitigation or management approaches where necessary (i.e., is the cause a

one-off event or an emerging trend); and

Advise Canterbury Regional Council of the actions taken and the outcomes of the further investigation.

If the further investigation identified a need for a review of the Monitoring Programme and/or SMP the

proposed approach would be for Christchurch City Council to notify Canterbury Regional Council of such a

review, and for on-going consultation to occur throughout the process.

In addition, resource consent CRC122598 requires the following monitoring responses to be carried out as

detailed in Condition 18:

“If the monitoring results identify that the objectives set out in conditions (4) to (6) are not being met,

the consent holder shall investigate the reason for the objectives not being met, following the steps

set out in section 7 of the Monitoring Programme. Where adverse effects are a result of the

discharges authorised by this consent, the Christchurch City Council will review its implementation

and will use reasonable endeavours to meet the objectives or achieve progressive improvements

towards meeting the objectives, in conditions (4) to (6).”

8.0 REPORTING

The data that is collected as part of this Monitoring Plan will be reported in accordance with the requirements

of Condition 19 of resource consent CRC122598:

“The consent holder shall provide an annual report to the Canterbury Regional Council, Attention:

RMA Compliance and Enforcement Manager by 31 March each year. The report shall summarise

the results of monitoring carried out under Conditions (11) and (13) and any responses carried out

under Condition (18) including the supply of an updated Schedule 1. The annual report shall also be

prepared in accordance with the reporting requirements of the Monitoring Programme.”

The results of annual monitoring will be summarised and assessed against receiving environment objectives

of the Styx River/Pūrākaunui SMP. The report will contain at least the following information:

Description of the type and locations of monitoring carried out;

Description of methodologies and approaches for each type of monitoring;

Summary of monitoring results;

Comparison of monitoring results to previous monitoring results and discussion of any observed trends;

Comparison of monitoring results to relevant guidelines and/or trigger values, including those described

in Table 1 and Table 2 of the consent conditions;

Assessment of monitoring results against receiving environment objectives;

Identify receiving environment objectives not being met and either:


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Report No. 0878105590_004_R_Rev0 (087813714) 16

Summarise further investigation carried out to identify the reason for not meeting the receiving

environments objectives and make recommendations to address the issues (including an SMP

review); or

Identify investigation in progress.

and

Provide conclusions on the monitoring and recommendations to adjust the monitoring or review the SMP.


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Report No. 0878105590_004_R_Rev0 (087813714) 17

9.0 REFERENCES

ANZECC 2000. Australian and New Zealand Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Quality 2000.

Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council

Biggs B J F 2000. New Zealand periphyton guideline: detecting, monitoring and managing enrichment of

streams. Ministry for the Environment, Wellington.

Collier KJ, Winterbourn MJ (eds) 2000. New Zealand stream invertebrates: ecology and implications for

management. New Zealand Limnological Society, Christchurch.

Environment Canterbury 2011. Canterbury Natural Resources Regional Plan. Chapter 4 Water Quality.

Canterbury Regional Council Report R11/2. 11 June 2011.

EOS Ecology Ltd, Aquatic Ecology Ltd, Kingett Mitchell Ltd 2005. Aquatic Values and Management. South-

West Christchurch Integrated Catchment Management Plan Technical Series, Report No. 3, July 2005.

Report prepared on behalf of the Christchurch City Council.

Golder 2009a. Styx River Sediment Study. Report prepared for Christchurch City Council as part of the Styx

Integrated Management Plan. Report prepared for Christchurch City Council by Golder Associates (NZ)

Limited as part of the Styx Integrated Management Plan. June 2009.

Golder 2009b. Styx River Ecology Survey Extension (Stage 2). Report prepared for Christchurch City

Council by Golder Associates (NZ) Limited as part of the Styx Integrated Management Plan. November

2009.

Golder 2012. Stormwater Management Plan for the Styx River/Pūrākaunui Area, Part A: Investigations and

Planning Framework. Report prepared for Christchurch City Council by Golder Associates (NZ) Limited.

August 2012.

MfE 1999. Guidelines for Assessing and Managing Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contaminated Sites in New

Zealand. Ministry for the Environment, Wellington, New Zealand.

MfE 2003. Contaminated Land Management Guidelines No. 2 – Hierachy and application in New Zealand of

environmental guideline values. Ministry for the Environment, Wellington, New Zealand.

Stark J D, Boothroyd IKG, Harding JS, Maxted JR, Scarsbrook MR 2001. Protocols for sampling

macroinvertebrates in wadeable streams. New Zealand Macroinvertebrate Working Party Group Report No.

1. Ministry for the Environment, Wellington.