FOOD AND THE CITY...2.3 Grüngürtel Turin La strategia della corona verde Agriculture and Territorial Governance 2.4 Metropolitane Landschaftskonvention München Convenzione metropolitana

FOOD AND THE CITYINFO BOOKLET FOR THE PUBLIC TWINNING CONFERENCE 03.11.2014

rural-urban overlap

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Imprint

Info-Booklet for the Public Twinning Conference Landscape and Agriculture 03.11.2014 © Leibniz Universität Hannover and Regione Lombardia, München 2014

The Copyright for texts und images is reserved by the authors, especially by the City of Munich, the City of Milan and the Province of Milan.

Design: Leibniz Universität Hannover, Jörg Schröder, Lisa Leitgeb Print: Quick Druck München

Universitätsprofessur für Regionales Bauen und Siedlungsplanung, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuserstraße 8, D-30419 Hannover, www.staedtebau.uni-hannover.de

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CONTENT

Einleitung Introduzione Introduction

1. Neue Landwirtschaftsmodelle Nuovi modelli agricoli New farming models

1.1 Stadtgüter München Cascine comunali di Monaco Munich Urban Farms

1.2 Städtische Güter in Mailand Le cascine comunali di Milano Milan Urban Farmsteads

1.3 Rurale Cluster in Mailand Distretti rurali nell‘area metropolitana di Milano

Rural clusters in the Metropolitan Area Milan

1.4 Das Allgäu als Marke Allgäu come marchio regionale Regional Branding Allgäu

2. Regionale Parks Sistema dei Parchi territoriali Agriculture - Governance models

2.1 Regionale Parks Parchi e sistema rurale-urbano metropolitano

Parks and the metropolitan rural-urban system

2.2 Grüngürtel München, Regionale Freiräume Il parco anulare di Monaco

Munich Green Belt, Regional Open Spaces

2.3 Grüngürtel Turin La strategia della corona verde Agriculture and Territorial Governance

2.4 Metropolitane Landschaftskonvention München Convenzione metropolitana

Metropolitan Landscape Convention

2.5 Ländliche Entwicklung und Tourismus Pianificazione territoriale e turismo rurale

Rural tourism trail

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Pinakothek der Moderne

Central Station

Marienplatz, City Center

Food and the City I 03.NOV. 2014 I 14:00 - 18:30 Pinakothek der Moderne I Munich

• Leibniz Universität Hannover• General Direction for Environment, Energy and Sustanainable Development, Lombardy Region• Europäische Metropolregion München• Landeshauptstadt München, Referat für Stadtplanung und Bauordnung• Landeshauptstadt München, Kommunalreferat, Stadtgüter München• Allgäu GmbH - Tourismus Marke Standort• Regionaler Planungsverband Allgäu• Regionalverband Donau-Iller• und mit dem Architekturmuseum der Technischen Universität München (Pinakothek der Moderne)

Organisatoren und Unterstützer Organizzatori e sostenitori Organizers and Supporters:

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THEMATIK DER KONFERENZTEMATICA DELLA CONFERENZACONFERENCE THEME

Erneuerte Stadt-Land-Beziehungen und regionale Nahrungsversorgung und sind entscheidende Faktoren für nachhaltige räumliche Entwick-lung, sowie gesellschaftliche und kulturelle Wünsche. Die RURBANCE Konferenz zielt darauf ab, in einen größeren Kontext auch Themen wie Landschaft, Siedlungsentwicklung, Mobilität und Energie einzubezie-hen, und zu fragen, wie sich neue Formen der Stadt-Land-Kooperati-on in Governance-Modellen organi-sieren lassen.

Die RURBANCE Konferenz in Mün-chen wird von der Leibniz Universi-tät Hannover und der Allgäu GmbH, in Zusammenarbeit mit der Europäi-schen Metropolregion München und der Landeshauptstadt München organisiert, gemeinsam mit dem Leadpartner, der Generaldirektion für Umwelt, Energie und nachhaltige Entwicklung der Region Lombardei und mit Unterstützung aller Projekt-partner von RURBANCE.

Agricoltura, paesaggio e ambiente costituiscono gli elementi principali della connessione e cooperazione rurale-urbana per lo sviluppo so-stenibile e sono oggi anche deside-ri sociali e culturali. La conferenza RURBANCE mira a far confrontare diverse realtà europee su questi temi con l‘obiettivo di riformulare e riorganizzare queste nuove forme di cooperazione rurale-urbana in veri e propri modelli di governance per lo sviluppo sostenibile integrato rurale-urbano.

La conferenza RURBANCE a Mo-naco di Baviera è organizzata dall’Università Leibniz di Hannover e Allgäu GmbH, in cooperazione con EMM (Regione Metropolitana Europea di Monaco) e con la Città di Monaco, insieme con il capofila del progetto RURBANCE, la Dire-zione Generale Ambiente, Energia e Sviluppo Sostenibile della Regione Lombardia, con il supporto di tutti i partner di progetto.

Agriculture, landscape and environ-ment are core issues of renewed rural-urban cooperations and main tasks for sustainable development. They are also desires of society and cultural benchmarks. The confer-ence RURBANCE in Munich aims atto comparing different European experiences in larger contexts of ru-ral-urban relations with the objective of re-organizing these new forms of rural-urban cooperation towards new governance models for the sustainable integrated rural-urban develompent.

The RURBANCE conference in Mu-nich is organized by Leibniz Univer-sität Hannover and Allgäu GmbH, in cooperation with EMM European Metropolitan Region Munich and with the Capital City of Munich, together with the Lead Partner of RURBANCE, the General Directo-rate for Environment, Energy and Sustainable Development of the Lombardy Region, with the support of all project’s partners.

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Neue Landwirtschaftsmodelle Eine Neuaufstellung von öffentlichen landwirtschaftlichen Höfen, ihre Ver-netzung und Markenbildung haben eine führende Rolle in der Entwicklung von multifunktionaler und nachhalti-ger Landwirtschaft übernommen. Sie bieten Perspektiven für Stadt-Land-Kooperation auch auf regionaler Ebe-ne. Die Beispiele städtischer Guts-betriebe aus München und Mailand zeigen, wie regionale Landwirtschaft gefördert werden kann. Thematische Kooperationspartner: Stadt Mailand, Provinz Mailand

Regionale Landwirtschaftsparks - Governance-Modelle Als wichtige Teile regionaler Identi-täten und als Beitrag zu territorialer Resilienz werden Agrarlandschaften im Umland von Mailand und Mün-chen weiterentwickelt, als innovative und partizipative Vorbildprojekte. Ein neues Gleichgewicht zwischen Land-wirtschaft und Umweltschutz, Freizeit und Erholung, Stadtklima und Klima-schutz kann so in Zukunft geschaffen werden.

New farming modelsNew setups of public farms, their networks and branding have taken a leading role in developing models of multifunctional, sustainable agri-culture and provide perspectives of rural-urban cooperation also on a regional scale. The examples from Munich and Milan communal farms present good practices to foster agriculture as the engine of the sus-tainable development in the entire regions.

Agriculture and parks - Governance modelsAs important parts of regional iden-tities and of territorial resilience, ag-ricultural landscapes in Milan and Munich, in the metropolitan cores and in rural areas, are being devel-oped in an innovative and participa-tive way. New balances are found between agriculture, environmental values and protection, leisure and recreation, ecological networks and mitigation of climate change.

Nuovi modelli agricoliNuove configurazioni della gestio-ne delle cascine comunali, delle loro reti e del branding hanno as-sunto un ruolo guida nello sviluppo di un’agricoltura multifunzionale e sostenibile nelle aree metropolita-ne e offrono nuove prospettive per la cooperazione urbano-rurale. Gli esempi delle cascine comunali di Monaco di Baviera e di Milano rap-presentano buone pratiche per pro-muovere l‘agricoltura quale motore dello sviluppo sostenibile nelle aree metropolitane.

Sistema dei parchi territoriali - modelli di governanceCome importante componente di identità territoriale e di resilienza, il paesaggio agricolo nelle aree me-tropolitane di Milano e di Monaco di Baviera ha conosciuto innovativi modelli di tutela e di integrazione nel contesto urbano. Un nuovo equili-brio è stato creato tra agricoltura, tutela ambientale, tempo libero e ri-creazione, connessioni ecologiche, e mitigazione del cambiamento cli-matico.

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DATEN DER KONFERENZDATI DELLA CONFERENZACONFERENCE DATA

PilotgebieteAree pilotsPilot areas

03.NOV. 2014

14:00 - 18:30

MUNICH,

PINAKOTHEK DER MODERNE

ERNST VON SIEMENS-AUDITORIUM

Twinning Event Urban Farmscooperation partners from Italy and Germany:Lombardy Region, City of Milan, Province of Milan, Consortium of the Milan Rural Disctict, City of Munich, European Metropolitan Region of Munich, Allgäu GmbH

Twinning Event Territorial Planning and Governancecooperation partners from Italy, Germany, France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia:Lombardy Region, City of Milan, Province of Milan, Consortium of the Milan Rural Disctict, City of Munich, European Metropolitan Region of Munich, Allgäu GmbH, et. al.

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Photo: Klaus Leidorf für Landraum

NEUE LANDWIRTSCHAFTSMODELLE NUOVI MODELLI AGRICOLI

NEW FARMING MODELS

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1.1 STADTGÜTER MÜNCHEN1.1 MUNICH URBAN FARMSDr. Alfons Bauschmid, Kommunalreferat der Landeshauptstadt München

1 Gut Beigarten Schwerpunkte: Futterversorgung des Tierparks und Kompostierung Focus: food supply of animal parks and composting2 Gut Buchhof Schwerpunkte: Kleegras, Getreide und Leguminosen Focus: clover grass, cereals and legumes3 Gut Delling Schwerpunkte: Kleegras, Getreide und Getreideaufbereitung Focus: clover grass, grain and grain processing4 Gut Dietersheim Schwerpunkte: ökolog. Ausgleichsflächen, Raps Focus: ecological compensation areas, rape5 Gut Großlappen Schwerpunkte: Getreide und Raps Focus: grain and rape6 Gut Karlshof Schwerpunkte: Silomais, Getreide, Ochsenmast und Biogas Focus: silage corn, grain, fattening ox and biogas7 Gut Obergrashof Schwerpunkte: Grünland und Landschaftspflegekonzept Focus: grassland and landscape management concept8 Gut Riem Schwerpunkte: Getreide, Krautgärten, Ackerbau und Umweltpädagogik Focus: Grain, herb gardens, agriculture and environmental education9 Gut Schorn Schwerpunkte: Getreide, Mais und Kleegras Focus: Cereals, maize and clover grass10 Gut Zengermoos Schwerpunkte: Kleegras Focus: clover grass

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Die Gutsbetriebe der Stadt München

Bereits vor 100 Jahren begann die Stadt München mit dem Gut Karlshof Ackerland zu erwerben. Heute bestehen die Stadtgüter München aus zehn Guts-betrieben mit einer Gesamtfläche von etwa 2.500 Hektar in und um München.

Die städtischen Güter sind überwiegend Ackerbau-betriebe, die bestrebt sind, durch flächendeckende Extensivierung eine ökologisch verträgliche Land-wirtschaft zu betreiben. Inzwischen wirtschaften sieben Betriebe nach den Richtlinien des ökologi-schen Landbaus und sind anerkannten Anbauver-bänden angeschlossen. Mit der Einführung der Mar-ke „Stadtgüter München“ wurde die Kommunikation und Sichtbarkeit der Güter gestärkt.

Warum betreibt die Stadt München Landwirtschaft?• Grundstücksvorratspolitik• Erzeugung gesunder Lebensmittel• Vorbildfunktion für private Landwirtschaft• Gestaltung der Kulturlandschaft• Angebot umweltpädagogischer Projekte, Kooperationen mit Schulen• Förderung des Dialogs Erzeuger – Verbraucher

Stadtgüter München · Munich Urban Farms

Munich Urban Farms

More than 100 years ago the City of Munich began acquiring farmland, with the farm Karlshof, in or-der to procure future development terrain or fields to exchange for such. Today the Munich Urban Farms comprehend 10 facilities with 2.500 ha in and around Munich.

The Urban Farms are mainly focussed on crop culti-vation, oriented towards ecological agriculture. This includes also extensivation. Seven of ten farms are already working according to ecological principles, and are member of renowened associations for eco-logical agriculture. With the introduction of the brand „Stadtgüter München“ communication and visibility of the farms has been strenghtened.

Why in general the City is engaged in agriculture?• Land stock policy• Production of healthy food• Exemplary approaches for private agriculture • re-forming cultural landscapes• offer of education programmes• supporting producer-customer relations in food production

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Krautgärten „Krautgärten“

Märkte / Markets

Daten Stadtgüter / Data of urban farms:

• 10 Betriebe 10 farms• Betriebsfläche: 2500 ha Area: 2500 ha• 1700ha Eigenbewirtschaftung 1700ha self-management• 900ha ökologische Bewirtschaftung 900ha ecologic• Tierhaltung: 500 Ochsen (Gut Karlshof) 500 oxes• ca. 130ha ökologischer Ausgleichsflächen ca.130ha ecological compensation areas• Kompostierung composting• 2 landwirtschaftliche Brennereien 2 agricultural distilleries

Projekte der StadtgüterProjects of the Urban Farms

Erzeugung erneuerbarer EnergienRenewable energy production

Verkauf von Marktfrüchten und Futtermitteln

Sale of market products and feed

Hofladen Gut KarlshofShop at the farm Karlshof

Hofbesuche am Gut RiemFarm visits on the farm Riem

Ökologische AusgleichsflächenEcological compensation areas


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Landwirtschaft in der Stadt München

Heute gibt es in München insgesamt rund 100 land-wirtschaftliche Vollerwerbsbetriebe mit einer Nutzflä-che von circa 5.000 Hektar. Die städitschen Flächen darunter stehen durch Eigenbewirtschaftung jeder-zeit für kommunale Nutzungen (z.B.: für Wohnungs-bau, Gewerbeflächen, aber auch als ökologische Ausgleichsflächen) zur Verfügung. Die multifunktionale Landwirtschaft sieht landwirt-schaftliche Betriebe nicht mehr ausschließlich als Produzenten von Rohstoffen und Lebensmitteln, sondern als wichtigen Garanten für die Erhaltung und Gestaltung der Kulturlandschaft. Spannungsfeld: Landwirtschaft - Naturschutz - Naherholung

Münchner Krautgärten

In den Münchner Krautgärten können die Bürger der Stadt Gemüse selber ziehen und ernten. Das Gut Riem übernimmt Vorbereitung und einen Teil der Erstbepflanzung, jede Parzelle hat aber auch einen offenen Bereich für eigenen Ideen zur Bepflanzung. Da die Krautgärten jährlich neu vergeben werden, antwortet ihr ökologischer Anbau auf Wünsche nach Engagement und Flexibilität gleichzeitig.

Agriculture in the City of Munich

In Munich actually ca. 100 farms with ca. 5.000 ha land are running. The comunal owned land - be-cause cultivated by the Urban Farms - can easily be transformed to comunal uses (housing, industial parks, ecological balance areas). Multifuntional agriculture especially in this urban frame defines farms not only as producers of raw materials and food, but also as decisive actors to sustain and form cultural landscapes.

Field of conflicts: agriculture - environment pro-tection - leiusre demands

Munich Krautgärten

The the special form of allotment gardens (Krautgär-ten) in Munich invites citizens to grow and harvest by themselves. The Urban Farm Riem prepares the plantations and partially seeds (with colloaboration of local farmers), each parcel that can be annually rented also offers a part for own planting. The Kraut-gärten can only be rented for one year, their ecologi-cal approach responds to demands of engagement and flexibilty at the same time.


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1.2 LE CASCINE COMMUNALI DI MILANO1.2 MILAN URBAN FARMSTEADSDG Ambiente, Energia e Sviluppo Sostenibile, Regione Lombardia

© 2014, Touring Editore S.r.lLe cascine di Milano Farmsteads in Milan

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Le cascine pubbliche di Milano

A Milano ci sono 62 cascine di proprietà comunale che rappresentano esempi di architettura agricola lombarda di grande valore storico, culturale e am-bientale.

Negli anni, alcune di queste cascine sono state in-globate nel tessuto urbano dallo sviluppo della cit-tà, altre si trovano invece ancora in aree agricole o all’interno di parchi.

Storicamente, l’identità delle cascine milanesi è le-gata all’abitare, all’agricoltura e all’alimentazione, negli anni recenti a queste vocazione se ne sono aggiunte altre. Molte cascine milanesi sono state recuperate e te-nute in vita da soggetti del terzo settore e associazi-oni di cittadini che al loro interno hanno trovato spazi per ospitare attività sociali e culturali di diverso tipo e servizi per i cittadini: • centri di accoglienza• comunità di alloggio e cura• centri sociali• spazi per la cultura, l’arte e la didattica • spazi per il tempo libero

Cascine Communali · Milan Urban Farmsteads

The public farmsteads in Milan

In Milan there are 66 municipal farmsteads which represent the local rural architecture and its great historical, cultural and landscape value.

Over the years, some of these farmsteads have been absorbed in the urban pattern due to the city sprawl, other are still located in rural areas or parks.

Historically, the identity of the Milan farmsteads is connected with the dwellings, the farming and the feeding but more recently other callings arose. Many farmsteads have been restored and revitalized by NGOs, cooperative, citizens associations for the offer of social and cultural services to the citizens:

• homeless shelters, • day cares, • educational centers, • art guild, • cultural and leisure centers.

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Sistema delle cascine pubbliche di MilanoPublic farmsteads’ system in Milan

Aziende agricole Farms

Strutture di accoglienza, cura e integrazione socialeHomeless, daycare and social integration centres

Uffici pubblici comunali Municipal offices

Centri didattici e culturali Educational and cultural centres

Ristoranti Restaurants

Abbandonate o in disuso (alcuni progetti di recupero in corso) Abandoned or disused (some recovering projects ongoing)

Uso residenziale (in corso o in progetto)Residential use (ongoing or planned)

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© Matteo PozzettiUna cascina di Milano A farmstead in Milan

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1. Cascina Basmetto Colture: Mais, riso / Farming: Corn, rice. Altre attività: attività didattico-educative per disabili / Other activites: Education for disableds2. Cascina Caldera Colture: Bosco, orto, prato polifita / Farming: Wood, vegetable garden, meadow grass. Altre attività: attività didattiche, accoglienza minori / Other activites: Education, foster care3. Cascina Campazzo Colture: mais, frumento, allevamento bovino / Farming: Corn, wheat, cattle breeding. Altre attività/Other activites: attività ricreative culturali / Other activites: Recreational and cultural activities4. Cascina Cavriana Colture: Orzo, piante orticole, prato polifita, apicoltura / Farming: Barley, vegetables, meadow grass, beekeeping5. Cascina Cavriano Colture: Orzo, frumento, avena, mais, prato stabile, ortaggi, frutta / Farming: Barley, wheat, oat, corn, vegetables, meadow grass, fruits. Altre attività: agriturismo / Other activites: agritourism6. Cascina Grande di Chiaravalle Colture: Bosco, grano, mais, prato polifita/ Farming: Wood, wheat, corn, meadow grass. Altre attività: agriturismo, equitazione / Other activites: agritourism, riding7. Cascina Isola Nuova Floricoltura / Floriculture8. Cascina Merezzate Floricoltura / Floriculture9. Cascina Molinello Colture: orzo, frumento, riso, allevamento bovino / Farming: barley, wheat, rice, cattle breeding10. Cascina Rizzardi Colture: cereali, foraggi, allevamento bovino / Farming: Grains, forage, cattle breeding. Altre attività: agriturismo, attività ricreative culturali / Other activites: Agritourism, recreational and cultural activities11. Cascina San Gregorio Vecchio Colture: cereali, allevamento bovino / Farming: grains, cattle breeding12. Cascina Sora Colture: cereali, allevamento bovino / Farming: grains, cattle breeding Altre attività: attività didattiche e ricreative, ippoturismo / Other activites: Educational and recreational activities, equine tourism13. Cascina Tre Ronchetti Colture: Mais, riso / Farming: Corn, rice

Non tutte delle cascine pubblice sono anche attivo nella produzione agricola. Le cascine comunali con attività agricola ci sono:

Not all of the public farms are also active in agri-cultural production. The public farmsteads with farms are:


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1.3 DISTRETTI RURALI NELL´AREA METROPOLITANA DI MILANO1.3 RURAL CLUSTERS IN THE METROPOLITAN AREA MILANDG Ambiente, Energia e Sviluppo Sostenibile, Regione Lombardia

Sistema principale delle acqueWater System

Tracciati territoriali, rete delle cittá e dei nuclei minoriNetwork of Cities and Villages

Riconstruzione delle centuriazi-oni nella fase di completamento dell´insedia mento romanoRecreation of the Roman Cen-turiation

© 1995 Urbanistica Quaderni n.2 IRER, Elaborazione di / Elaborated by arch. Marco Prusicki

Fascia alta pianura asciuttaDry Plain

Fascia della bassa pianura irriguaWatered Plain

BoschiWoods

Inquadramento territoriale di area vasta: gli elementi di lunga durataInquadramento territoriale di area vasta: gli elementi di lunga durata

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Distretti Rurali · Rural Clusters Milan

Il sistema territoriale

Il territorio è caratterizzato da una parte di alta pia-nura asciutta e da una parte di bassa pianura irrigua compresa totalmente nella fascia dei fontanili (sor-genti naturali e artificiali), luogo di insediamenti um-ani plurimillenari per la straordinaria abbondanza di acque, superficiali e sotterranee, che ne fanno una delle pianure più fertili a livello mondiale.

Le cascine sono riconducibili a due tipologie fonda-mentali:

Nella bassa pianura, la grande cascina a corte mo-noaziendale: più fabbricati disposti intorno a corti chiuse o aperte, con un edificio centrale del proprie-tario o affittuario e gli altri edifici destinati ai lavoratori e i rustici. Nell’alta pianura, la cascina a corte pluriaziendale, con edifici più alti, spazi più raccolti e differenziati per ogni colono.

Il sistema delle cascine è concentrato prevalente-mente nella pianura irrigua a est, sud e ovest di Mi-lano che comprende ca 500 cascine con 36.000 ha di SAU.

The territorial system

The area is characterized by a northern dry plain and a southern watered plain included in the fountain-heads zone (natural and artificial springs); this is a re-gion of thousand-year old settlements thanks to the great abundance of groundwater and surface water which favored the generation of one of the most fer-tile soil in the world.

In this area there are two typologies of farmsteads: In the southern plain, the big mono-farm farmstead with courtyard: several buildings surround an open or closed courtyard, the central building host the far-mer and the others host the farm hands or the farm buildings. In the northern plain, the smaller multi-farm farm-stead with separated areas per each settler.

The farmsteads system, mainly localized around the city of Milan (east, south and west), is made of about 500 farmsteads and 36.000 ha UAA.

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Potenziamento e miglioramento del sistema irriguoConsolidation and improvement of the waterways for irrigation

Miglioramento fondiarioRural land and estate improvement

Riqualificazione e valorizzazione paesistico-ambientaleEnvironmental and landscape valorization

MultifunzionalitàMultifunctionality

Valorizzazione e promozione del territorio e della cultura ruralePromotion and valorization of the rural territory and heritage

Consolidamento della strategia di sviluppo urbano-ruraleStrenghtening of the strategy for the urban-rural developmentIl Distretto Agricolo Rurale Milanese

The Rural District of Milan (DAM)

Distretti rurali in Provincia di Milano Rural districts in the province of Milan

© Piano Strategico del DAM/ DAM Strategic Plan, 2011 – Elaborazione di/

Elaborated by arch. Valentina Dotti

© Provincia di Milano, Elabora-zione di / Elaborated by Marco

Besozzi, Fausto Moretti

Innovazione di prodotto, di processo e di filieraProduct, process and supply chain innovation

Ambiti di collaborazione tra i distretti rurali, la Regione Lom-bardia, la Provincia di Milano e il Comune di Milano

Collaboration fields among the rural districs, Lombardy Regi-on, Province of Milan and City of Milan

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I distretti rurali

Nell’area metropolitana milanese i sistemi produttivi sono caratterizzati da un‘identità storica e territoriale omogenea che ha favorito la nascita di 4 “distretti rurali”:

• il Distretto agricolo milanese (DAM), • il Distretto agricolo Valle Olona (DAVO)• il Distretto neorurale delle tre acque (DINAMO) e • il Distretto agricolo riso e rane.

I distretti fanno leva sull’integrazione fra le attivi-tà economiche presenti e mirano ad una cresci-ta collaborativa e ad una condivisione di risorse e conoscenze, valorizzando così i profili multifunzi-onali dell’agricoltura, integrando la salvaguardia dell’ambiente, della cultura e delle tradizioni locali.

In particolare, il DAM comprende le aree a prevalen-te uso agricolo situate all’interno del confine ammi-nistrativo del Comune di Milano. Anche se la continuità degli ambiti agricoli è interrot-ta dallo sviluppo urbano lungo delle direttrici radiali, l’estensione del distretto è di ca 4.000 ha (22% del territorio comunale).

The rural districts

In the Milan metropolitan area agriculture has an ho-mogeneous territorial identity that has fostered the creation of 4 “Rural Districts”:

• the Milan Rural District (DAM), • the Olona Valley Rural District (DAVO), • the Three Waters Rural District (DINAMO) and the • Rise and Frogs Rural District.

The districts aim at integrating the existing economic activities for a collaborative growth and a sharing of knowledge and resources by nurturing the multi-functional aspects of agriculture: food production, environment protection, valorization of the cultural heritage and the traditions.

Particularly, DAM consists of the rural areas inside the administrative boundaries of the City of Milan.

Although the agricultural areas have been fragmen-ted by the urban development alongside the radial directrixes, the size of the district is still about 4.000 ha (22% of the city territory).

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1.4 DAS ALLGÄU ALS MARKE1.4 REGIONAL BRANDING ALLGÄUKlaus Fischer, Allgäu GmbH

Heterogene „Landschaft“ von Initiativen und MarkenHeterogeneous „landscape“ of initiatives and Brands

Dachmarke Allgäu Allgäu Brand

© LUH / Allgäu GmbH

München

Memmingen

Kempten

Bregenz

Friedrichshafen

Ulm

Stuttgart

Zürich

Basel

Bad Tölz

Rosenheim

Augsburg

Ingolstadt

Regensburg

Füssen

Salzburg

Innsbruck AUTCH

DEU

ITA

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Marke Allgäu · Regional Branding Allgäu

Die Marke Allgäu

Die Allgäuer Landschaft ist geprägt durch deren landwirtschaftliche Nutzung. Die durch Milchpro-duktion produzierten und unterhaltenen Landschaf-ten (grüne Wiesen mit Allgäuer Kühen) sind für den Standortfaktor Allgäu extrem wichtig, da sie identi-tätsstiftend sind. Dies betrifft hauptsächlich die Be-reiche Tourismus und Wirtschaft.

Etwa 200 Betriebe haben sich zur „Marke Allgäu“ zusammengeschlossen, die im Jahr 2008 ins Leben gerufen wurde. Das blaue Logo vermarktet nicht nur eine Tourismusregion, sondern verbindet Hersteller, Bauern und Verbraucher – ein einzigartiges Projekt in Bayern.

Die Dachmarke Allgäu ist eine urheber- und marken-rechtlich geschützte Wortbild-Marke, Eigentümerin dieser Marke ist die Allgäu GmbH. Sie ist um einen ganzheitlichen visuellen Auftritt des Allgäus bemüht.

Ziel der Dachmarkenstrategie ist es, eine größere Plakativität und leichtere Lesbarkeit zu schaffen.

The brand Allgäu

The landscape of the Allgäu region has and is been shaped and is sustained by agriculture. The green meadows with the Allgäu cows are di-rectly connected with the prealpine „milk belt“, and are decisively for regional identies and economic positioning, in tourism and in economic sectors in general.

Ca. 200 farms are organized in the „Allgäu brand“, starting in 2006. They not only advertise one of Germany‘s best tourism regions, but connect di-rectly producers, refiners and consumers - creating a unique product.

The brand Allgäu is a copyright and trademark pro-tected word and design mark, the owner of this brand is the Allgäu GmbH. She is eager to provide holistic visual appearance of the Allgäu.

The aim of the overall branding strategy of Allgäu is defined to provide increased visibility and easier access to the products.

Einwohner Inhabitants: 5.600.000 Fläche Area (km2): 23.806 km2 Dichte Density: 235 E/km2Anzahl der Landkreise / Städte Rural districts / Cities: 31Ackerflächen Cropland: 32,32% Grünland Grassland: 20,07%Wälder Wood: 27,02%

Einwohner Inhabitants: 644.571 Fläche (km2) Area (km2): 4.649 km2 Dichte Density: 139 E/km2Anzahl der Landkreise / Städte Rural districts / Cities: 7Ackerflächen Cropland: 2,89% Grünland Grassland: 48,37% Wälder Wood: 22,38%

Einwohner Inhabitants: 6.068.847Fläche (km2) Area (km2): 27.060 km2 Dichte Density: 224 E/km2Anzahl der Landkreise / Städte Rural districts / Cities: 36Ackerflächen Cropland: 30,01% Grünland Grassland: 19,29% Wälder Wood: 27,42%

© LUH (anhand der Daten von CORINE Land Cover 2006)

EM

MA

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Allgäu GmbH:

Allgäu GmbH + E. Metropolregion München

Europäische Metropolregion München

ALL

+ E

MM

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© LUH (anhand der Daten von CORINE Land Cover 2006)

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Ausgangssituation und Herausforderung:

Das Allgäu ist umgeben von drei starken Metropol-regionen: München, Zürich und Stuttgart.Zentrale Frage: Bewahrung der Eigenständigkeit oder Anschluss an die Metropolregion München?

Ergebnis aus Konferenzen und Beratungen:

• Das Allgäu soll eigenständig bleiben und zentral vermarktet werden.> Gründung der Allgäu GmbH• Festlegung der weiteren Vorgehensweise unter Einbindung aller Akteure der Region: Wie wollen wir uns als Region positionieren? Wie erreichen wir dieses Ziel (Organisation, benötigtes Budget etc.)?• Operationalisierung der Strategie mit Hilfe eines Managementhandbuches: Beinhaltet Tourismus-, Marken- und Standortstrategie.• Markenstrategie als zentrales Element der Ver-marktung und Positionierung: Ziel: Von der reinen Herkunftsmarke zur Qualitätsmarke!• Nutzenversprechen, Qualitätsversprechen und Preisniveau: Die Marke Allgäu löst beim Betrachter Emotionen und die richtigen Assoziationen aus: Regional, nachhaltig, gesund und bodenständig

Situation and Challenges:

The Allgäu region is situated in between the metro-politan areas of Munich, Zurich and Stuttgart - and is organizing itself in the frame of Allgäu GmbH as „ru-ral metropolitan region“. One of the actual questions are the direct and indirect relations to the European Metropolitan Region Munich.

Resumee of strategic conferences and workshops:

• The Allgäu region should act independently and create a stronger identity and branding (therefor Allgäu GmbH has been founded)• Definition of further actions including regional sta-keholders: How the region can be positioned? How this goal can be reached?• How the regional strategy can be operationa-lized? A management guidebook enfolds a com-prehensive tourism, branding, and positioning strategy.• Branding strategy as core of marketing and posi-tioning. Aim: form a brand of quality.• Promises of use, quality, and prize: The Allgäu brand evokes emotions and secures assets, such as „regional, sustainable, healty, grounded“.

26 Photo: Klaus Leidorf für Landraum

REGIONALE PARKS SISTEMA DEI PARCHI TERRITORIALI

AGRICULTURE - GOVERNANCE MODELS

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2.1 PARCHI E SISTEMA RURALE-URBANO METROPOLITANO2.1 PARKS AND THE METROPOLITAN RURAL-URBAN SYSTEMDG Ambiente, Energia e Sviluppo Sostenibile, Regione Lombardia

il sistema dei parchi nell’area metropolitana milanese the parks system in the Milan metropolitan area © Regione Lombardia

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Il Sistema dei Parchi

Nel sistema metropolitano milanese insistono diversi tipi di parchi che concorrono alla tutela dell’ambiente e della biodiversità, alla valorizzazione del paesag-gio, al mantenimento degli spazi aperti.

I parchi regionali (Parco del Ticino, Parco Adda Nord, Parco Nord Milano) interessano vaste aree a cui la Regione Lombardia riconosce un fondamentale va-lore ecologico, paesistico e fruitivo. I parchi sovracomunali sono costituiti in accordo tra diversi Comuni per la gestione condivisa di aree om-ogenee d’interesse ambientale.

Il Parco Agricolo Sud Milano, attualmente gestito dalla Provincia di Milano, è una vasta area in cui la tutela del territorio coniuga le funzioni ambienta-li ed ecologiche con le funzioni produttive e sociali dell’agricoltura periurbana secondo un modello pro-duttivo e insediativo sostenibile.Questa ricchezza potrà essere ulteriormente valo-rizzata consolidando la governance del sistema dei parchi verso una visione unitaria di parco metropo-litano.

The sistem of parks

In the Milan metropolitan system there are different kinds of parks which contribute to the environment and biodiversity protection, the landscape valorizati-on, the open land maintenance.

The Regional parks (The Ticino park, the North Adda Park, the North Milan Park) affect wide are-as to which Lombardy Region attributes a crucial ecological, landscape and touristic value. The su-pra-municipal parks are founded on the basis of a covenant among the municipalities in order to esta-blish a join management of homogeneous areas of environmental interest.

The Rural Park South Milan, currently managed by the Province of Milan, is a wide rural area in which the safeguard of the territory combines the environ-mental and ecological functions with the production and social functions of the peri-urban agriculture ac-cording to a sustainable production and settlement model. This richness can be further commended reinforcing the governance of the parks system to-wards a metropolitan vision.

Sistema dei Parchi · Sistem of Parks

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2.2 GRÜNGÜRTEL MÜNCHEN, REGIONALE FREIRÄUME2.2 MUNICH GREEN BELT, REGIONAL OPEN SPACESReferat für Stadtplanung und Bauordnung, Landeshauptstadt München

Der Münchner Grüngürtel umschließt die Stadt auf einer Länge von etwa 70 Kilometern.

La cintura verde circonda la cittá in un percorso lungo 70 chilometri.

© LUH

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Münchner Grüngürtel

Als Münchner Grüngürtel werden die nicht bebau-ten Freiräume am Stadtrand von München und im Übergangsbereich zu den Nachbargemeinden be-zeichnet.

Der Münchner Grüngürtel umfasst ca. 335 km² Fläche, die traditionell überwiegend auch landwirt-schaftlich genutzt wird. Es finden sich jedoch auch wertvolle, noch erhaltene Teile der ursprünglichen Landschaft: die Wälder im Westen und Süden, die teilweise renaturierte Isar mit ihren Kiesbänken und Auenbereichen, die weiten, blütenreichen Hei-degebiete im Norden sowie die Mooslandschaften im Westen und Norden. Nicht zu vergessen - der Münchner Grüngürtel ist für zweieinhalb Millionen Bürgerinnen und Bürger ein überaus beliebter Nah-erholungsraum. Auch deshalb kommt dem Münch-ner Grüngürtel eine in Zukunft wachsende Bedeu-tung zu.

Ziel des Grüngürtelprojekts ist ein gleichberechtigtes Nebeneinander von Landwirtschaft, Naherholung und Naturschutz!

Green Belt Munich

The Green Belt Munich has been defined as open spaces at the city border of Munich and in the adjoi-ning municipalities.

It consists of ca. 335 ha of mostly agricultural land, but comprehends also parts of vernacular lands-capes, as woods in the west and south, the rena-turalized Isar river with gravel banks and meadows, the vast heath areas in the north, and moss lands-capes in the west and north.

The Green Belt constitutes an important and popu-lar space of leisure for 2,5 Mio inhabitants. Also for this reason the role of the Green Belt for the metro-politan development will increase.

Aim of the Green Belt is a balanced relation of agri-culture, leisure and environment protection.

Güngürtel München · Munich Green Belt

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Projekte im GrüngürtelProjects in the Green Belt

Weidefleisch Production of meat

KräuterheuHerb hay

KartoffelnPotatoes

Naturschutznature conservation

Biotopentwicklungsflächen Pilotprojekt Eschenrieder MoosMünchner Ökokonto: Extensivierungs- und Renaturierungsmaß-nahmen durch Beeinträchtigungen der Bauindustrie28 Flächen, 67 ha

Biotope development sites Pilot project „Eschenrieder Moos“ Munich eco-account: extensification and restoration measures by impairment of the construction industry 28 areas, 67 ha


© LUH

Daten / Data:

• Fläche: 335 km² Area: 335 km²• Vegetation: landwitsch.Fl., Wald, Rasen, Auen Vegetation: Agriculture, Wood, Grass, Wetlands• Naherholungsraum für 2,5 mio Bürger Recreation Areas for 2,5 mio citizens• privates Beratungsteam private consultation team• ca 100 landwirtschaftliche Vollerwerbsbetriebe circa 100 agricultural Full-time farms

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Das Grüngürtelprojekt

Die Stadt München setzt sich seit Mitte der 1990er Jahre verstärkt dafür ein, die bäuerliche Kulturland-schaft im Umfeld der Stadt zu erhalten. Sie unter-breitet auch privaten Landwirten Angebote, zum Beispiel durch Übernahme von Landschaftspflege-maßnahmen, durch Initiativen zur Direktvermarktung oder durch Bereitstellung von Ackerflächen für die „Münchner Kraurgärten“, um die Betriebe und da-mit die Kulturlandschaft zu erhalten. Mehr als 30 private Landwirte beteiligen sich an dem Münchner Grüngürtel-Projekt und vermarkten ihre Produkte di-rekt. Durch die Pflege von 123 Hektar Ausgleichs-flächen tragen die Stadtgüter München (SgM) zum Ausgleich für Eingriffe in Natur und Landschaft bei. Davon profitieren auch die privaten Landwirte, die diese Pflegemaßnahmen übernehmen.

Ziele: • Förderung naturnaher, nachhaltiger Landwirtschaft• Unterstützung bei der Direktvermarktung: Förderung regionaler Qualitätsprodukte • Einbindung der Landwirte in die Landschaftspflege• Unterstützung bei Sonderprojekten (z. B. Kraut- gärten, Ökokonto,...)

The Green Belt Project

The City of Munich since the 1990ies is engaged in securing agricultural landscapes around the city. Farmes are involed in measures of landscape main-tenance, initiatives of direct marketing, or in provi-ding land for the Krautgärten initiative, in order to protect farms and landscape.

More than 30 farms are direct partners in the Green Belt project and direct markting of their products. With the maintenance of 123 ha ecological balan-ce land the Munich Urban Farms contribute to the balancing of increasing soil and nature use in the metropolitan area. Private farms that are involved in maintenance take advantage from this strategy.

Aims of the Green Belt:• support for sustainable and ecological agriculture• support for direct marketing of regional products with high qualities• involvement of farms in landscape maintenance• involvement in special projects (Krautgärten, eco logical balancing account, etc)


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2.3 LA STRATEGIA DELLA CORONA VERDE2.3 AGRICULTURE AND TERRITORIAL GOVERNANCEDipartimento Programmazione Strategica, Politiche Territoriali ed Edilizia, Regione Piemonte

Disegno strategico della Corona VerdeStrategic plan of the Corona Verde

© Regione Piemonte

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Corona Verde · Agriculture and Territorial Governance

Agricoltura e governance territoriale: il progetto strategico Corona Verde

Corona Verde è un progetto strategico a regia regi-onale che interessa l’area metropolitana e la collina torinese. Sono coinvolti 93 comuni, compresi quelli del Ci-riacese, Territorio di Progetto di RURBANCE.

Corona Verde intende realizzare un’infrastruttura verde che integri la Corona di Delitie delle Residenze Reali con la cintura verde, rappresentata dal patri-monio naturale dei parchi metropolitani, dei fiumi e delle aree rurali ancora poco alterate, per riqualifi-care il territorio metropolitano torinese e migliorarne la qualità di vita.

L’agricoltura periurbana è sostenuta da un processo di governance che coinvolge tutto il sistema produt-tivo rurale nei programmi di qualificazione ambienta-le e paesistica dell’hinterland metropolitano, ricono-scendo alle attività agricole un ruolo chiave sia per la produttività agroalimentare, per i servizi ambientali e le attrezzature del tempo libero, sia per il mante-nimento del sistema dei paesaggi rurali tradizionali.

Agricolture and territorial governance: the strategic plan Corona Verde

Corona Verde is a strategic project with a regional direction that affects the metropolitan area and the hill of Turin. 93 municipalities are involved, including those of Ci-riacese, Territory of the Project of RURBANCE.

Corona Verde intends to implement a green infra-structure that integrates the Crown Royal Residen-ces Delitie with the green belt, represented by the natural heritage of the metropolitan parks, rivers and rural areas still little altered, to redevelop the Turin metropolitan area and improve the quality life.

The peri-urban agriculture is supported by a gover-nance process that involves the entire production system in rural qualification programs for environ-mental and landscape metropolitan hinterland, re-cognizing agricultural activities play a key role both in the agricultural and food production, for environ-mental services and equipment leisure and for the maintenance of the system of traditional rural land-scapes.

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2.4 METROPOLITANE LANDSCHAFTSKONVENTION2.4 METROPOLITAN LANDSCAPE CONVENTIONDr. Johannes Gnädinger, für EMM Europäische Metropolregion München

Eines der Ziele des EMM e.V. ist die Steigerung der Lebensqualität.

Zur Positionierung der Region gilt unter anderem: „Die Metropolregion

München ist lebenswert dank intakter Landschaften und hochrangiger

Kultur“.

Die im Jahr 2014 erarbeitete EMM-Landschaftskonvention greift dieses

Ziel auf und versteht sich als Beitrag, die Bedeutung von Landschaft

stärker ins Bewusstsein zu rücken.

One of the aims of the EMM association is the improvement of life qua-

lity, like one of the slogans puts it: „Munich Metropolitan Area is worth

living thanks to intact landscapes and top-ranging culture”.

The Landscape convention for EMM, developed in 2014, accepts this

aim and it was formulated as a contribution to strengthen the con-

sciousness for landscapes.

Suburbanisierung am AlpenrandSuburbanization on the edge of the Alps

© Foto: EMM e.V.

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Suburbanisierung am AlpenrandSuburbanization on the edge of the Alps

Eine Landschaftskonvention für die Metropolregi-on München

Nach dem Vorbild der Europäischen Landschafts-konvention des Europarates (ELC 2000, SEV-Nr. 176) wurde für die Metropolregion München (EMM) eine Landschaftskonvention erarbeitet.Die EMM erwartet in den nächsten Jahrzehnten ei-nen weiteren starken Bevölkerungszuwachs, der zusätzlichen Wohnraum, Arbeitsplätze und Infra-struktur erfordert und den Veränderungsdruck auf die Landschaften weiter steigen lässt. Landschaft hat für unser Leben aber eine große Bedeutung, sie vermittelt Identität, dient der Erholung, der Landwirt-schaft oder dem Naturschutz. Historisch gewach-sene Räume drohen zu verschwinden. Gleichzei-tig bietet sich dadurch aber auch die Chance, die Landschaften zu sichern und weiterzuentwickeln. Die EMM-Landschaftskonvention soll dazu hel-fen, Veränderungen bisheriger planungspolitischen Handlungsmuster in Gang setzen und die in der Re-gion vorhandenen Kräfte zu bündeln. Gemeinden, Kreise, Vereine, Verbände, Unternehmen und Bür-gerschaft sind aufgerufen, den unschätzbaren Wert der Landschaften zu erkennen und ihr Handeln da-nach auszurichten.

A Landscape Convention for Munich Metropolitan Area

Following the model of the European Landscape Convention of the European Council (ELC 2000, SEV-Nr. 176), a regional landscape convention was developed for Munich Metropolitan Area (EMM).

EMM is expecting a strong population growth within the following decades. This will require further re-sidential area, working places and infrastructure. Landscape however has a meaning for life, conveys identity, provides recreation, allows agriculture or nature conservation. Yet historically grown spaces and structures tend to disappear. At the same time this opens the chance to preserve and develop the landscape.

The Landscape convention for EMM may help to shift the previous practice of planning policy, to pool forces and to give a good example to other regions. Municipalities, counties, associations, federations and the citizenship are called to recognize the im-mense value of landscape, thus to ratify the conven-tion and hence to adjust the actions.

Landschaftskonvention · Landscape Convention

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2.4 PIANIFICAZIONE TERRITORIALE E TURISMO RURALE2.4 RURAL TOURISM TRAILDirezione Urbanistica e Paesaggio, Regione del Veneto

Proposta per il sistema di piste ciclabili fra Verona e le valli veronesi emerso dalla partecipazione con i Comuni Proposal for the bike trails systems coming from the participation activities © Regione del Veneto

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Integrare pianificazione territoriale e politiche di sviluppo rurale

La Regione Veneto ha sviluppato il progetto RUR-BANCE per affrontare l’integrazione delle politiche di sviluppo rurale con gli strumenti di pianificazione, riunendo i Dipartimenti di Urbanistica e Agroambien-te.L‘azione pilota si è concentrato su Verona e le valli veronesi. La città è una grande attrazione turistica, mentre le valli sono una eccellenza per le produzioni agro-alimentari con un potenziale in termini di turis-mo rurale. Un processo partecipativo è stato sviluppato coin-volgendo amministrazioni locali, agricoltori e associ-azioni. La proposta di un sistema di piste ciclabili è emerso come opportunità per collegare Verona con le valli settentrionali.Ora una misura di finanziamento è stata individuata nel nuovo Programma di Sviluppo Rurale 2014-20 per sostenere il progetto, e per realizzare la ciclopis-ta il Fondo Europeo di Coesione ha appena aperto un bando. Così il progetto Spazio Alpino sostiene un’iniziativa locale basata sullo Sviluppo rurale e il Fondo di Co-esione, in una esperienza pragmatica d’integrazione delle diverse politiche.

Integrating spatial planning and rural development policies

Veneto Region has developed the RURBANCE Pro-ject to tackle the integration of rural development policies and planning instruments, joining the Urban Planning with the Rural Development Department. The Pilot Action has focused on Verona and its nort-hern valleys. The town is a major tourism attraction, while the valleys are an excellence for agro-food productions with a potential in terms of rural tourism.

A participatory process has been developed invol-ving local administrations, farmers and NGOs: the proposal of a bike trails system has emerged as an opportunity to link Verona with the northern valleys.

Now a funding Measure has been identified within the new Rural Development Programme 2014-20 to support the project, and to implement the bike trails the European Cohesion Fund has just opened a call.

So the Alpine Space project supports a local initi-ative based on Rural Development and Cohesion funds, in a pragmatic experience of integration of different policies.

Pianificazione Territoriale e Turismo Rurale · Rural Tourism Trail

ITALIA :Regione Lombardia, Direzione Generale Ambiente Energia e Reti (Lead partner)Regione Piemonte, Direzione Programmazione strategica, politiche territoriali ed ediliziaRegione Veneto, Direzione Urbanistica e Paesaggio

ÖSTERREICH:Stadt GrazRegionalmanagement Graz & Graz – Umgebung

DEUTSCHLAND:Leibniz Universität Hannover, Universitätsprofessur für Regionales Bauen und SiedlungsplanungAllgäu GmbH Gesellschaft für Standort und Tourismus

SCHWEIZ:Stadt Zürich, Stadtentwicklung, Bereich Außenbeziehungen

SLOVENIJA:Znanstvenoraziskovalni center Slovenske akademije znanosti in umetnosti, Geografski inštitut Antona MelikaRegionalna razvojna agencija Ljubljanske urbane regije

FRANCE:Institut d’Urbanisme de Grenoble (Université Pierre Mendès France)Grenoble Alpes Métropole, Direction de la Prospective & de la Stratégie TerritorialeRégion Rhône-Alpes, Direction du Tourisme, de la Montagne et des ParcsAgence d’Urbanisme de la Région Grenobloise

W W W . R U R B A N C E . E U

PROJECT PARTNERS

Allgäu GmbH - Tourismus Marke Standort, Allgäuer Straße 1, D-87435 Kempten, [email protected] Universität Hannover, Universitätsprofessur Regionales Bauen und Siedlungsplanung, Herrenhäuserstr. 8, D-30419 Hannover, [email protected] Lombardia, Direzione Generale Ambiente, Energia e Sviluppo sostenibile, Piazza Cittá di Lombardia 1, I-20124 Milano, [email protected]

Documents

FOOD AND THE CITY...2.3 Grüngürtel Turin La strategia della corona verde Agriculture and Territorial Governance 2.4 Metropolitane Landschaftskonvention München Convenzione metropolitana