ILIANNA KLIANIPRESTO LARGO

CARC1027 RESEARCH & DESIGN 4 / SYNOPTIC

GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN ARCHITECTURE, YEAR 4

UNIVERSITY FOR THE CREATIVE ARTS

CANTERBURY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE

Folkestone is a coastal town located in the district of Shepway in Kent and is surrounded by various satellite towns, these include Cheriton, Capel-le-ferne, Hawkinge and Seabrook. Its population is approximately 53,411.

Folkestone was once the jewel in Kent’s crown. Up until the 19th century, Folkestone remained a small fishing village whose coastline was constantly battered by the weather; Nowadays Folkstone is distinguished by its elegance and tradition, wide leafy avenues and cinnamon brick buildings; period architecture with Georgian stone columns; the Cobbled old High Street, the bandstand set amongst breathtaking flower arrangements is regularly hosting outdoor con-certs and a variety of activities such as windsurfing, sailing, fishing, cycling. The working harbour with the wide sweeping promenade offers outstanding views.

“One of the prettiest watering places on the south coast. The situa-tion is delightful, the air is delicious, and the breezy hills and downs, carpeted with wild thyme and decorated with millions of wild flowers are, on the faith of a pedestrian, perfect.”- Charles Dickens on Folkestone.

Folkestone Harbour was built in stages between the 1840s and early 1900s around the old fishing port of Folkestone. Over the years passenger freight ferries, and cargo ships operated from the port to various destinations, the best-remembered link being that between Folkestone and Boulogne. By the late 1990s ferry operators Sea Containers Ltd, who then also owned Folkestone Harbour, decided that ferry operations had become unsustainable and the last ferry link was closed down in 2000.

In 2004, Sea Containers sold Folkestone Harbour to Roger De Haan CBE, former Chairman of the largest local employer, Saga. The Folkestone Harbour Company (FHC) then completed the acquisition of further land on the seafront in 2007. Since that time extensive consultation has taken place with planning authorities and govern-ment agencies, examining a wide variety of options for the develop-ment of the 35 acre site.

The aim of the project is to provide transport to and from the new seafront area of the town to the town centre. The town has been at the centre of British history for nearly 2,000 years and has been the loca-tion of many historic events that are a valuable resource for the town and its tourism in addition to being a modern creative and technical lo-cation. As well as increasing the town’s visitors without increasing road traffic within it.

The development of Folkestone as a seaside resort was made possible by the arrival of the railway in the 1840s. However, the Harbour sta-tion was effectively closed along with the harbour when cross-channel services ended.

FACTS-1843: the arrival of the railway transformed folkestone into a holiday destination-the channel tunnel opened in 1994-the high-speed rail connections reducing travel times to London and Europe-development of creative quarter and folkestone triennial-open up waterfront access

The unique geography of Folkestone means that the town and railway are in close proximity along the whole length of a corridor that extends from the East Cliff through to Westernhanger provides an ideal opportunity to promote a town where walking and cycling is prioritised ahead of cars and driving. This would distinguish Folkestone from the subtopian sprawl of Ashford and Canterbury.

Conveniently, there is the possibility of providing a landmark station with parking and retail at Folkestone Junction. A reduction in road traffic would transform the existing architecture of the Old Town, Har-bour and East Cliff.The pleasingly varied changes of level, that distin-guish this area of the town, could be transformed into a series of walks and squares redolent of Mediterranean environments and lifestyles.

The promotion of Folkestone as an environmentally sustainable lin-ear development is possible because, through modern technological improvement, its geographical and historical legacies can be recast to the town’s advantage.

The chance to make the railway work for Folkestone and for it to become the spine of Folkestone’s linear development should be seized with the utmost urgency.

FOLKESTONE CHARIVARIJuly event features a procession of hundreds of

children in colourful costumes, bands and a programmme of musical entertainment.

FOLKESTONE MULTI-CULTURAL FESTIVALIn early June, annual four-day festival of entertai-

ment and cultural experiences. Street theatre, music, dance, food samplings, workshops and children’s

events.

FOLKESTONE TRIENNIALInaugurated in 2008, three-yearly summer season (June-September) exhibition of especially created

work by internationally acclaimed sculptors and art-ists. Sited in public spaces - and free.

FOLKESTONE BOOK FESTIVALBringing together the creative worlds of letters, art,

music and theatre, annual nine-day event (in November). Lectures, discussions, seminars,

performances, workshops and activities for young people.

As soon as the line opened to Dover, the towns status rose and further stations were opened at Folkestone West in 1863 and Folkestone Central in 1884. The line to the harbour was eventually closed in 2002 but often re opens on special occasions for trains such as the British Pullman and the Orient Express.

The aim is to provide trains from London to link with a cross-channel service from Folkestone, visiting battle-sites and other places of inter-est in France.

Market research has indicated that there is a viable tourist business and a potential of 100,000 to 250,000 visitors per annum who would follow in the footsteps of their forefathers, visiting the railway, its nation-ally important heritage and a ferry link with its twinned town of Boulogne and its nearby coastal destinations.

The local authority is encouraging people to use public transport, cycle or walk to and from the station, which would make some impact on reducing the city’s carbon emissions.

FOLKESTONE’S MAIN EVENTS

Site Outline

FOLKESTONE

Sandy Beach

Site Panoramic

Inner Harbour Tontine Street Creative Quarter Tontine StreetUrban Art

Port Pier

Shingle Beach

Harbour Swing Bridge

Railway Tracks

Train Station Platforms

Town Centre

Cruise ships are generally large vessels that will normally use Dover but there are a few small-er “5 star” vessels that make use of smaller harbours as a selling point. Some are ocean-going and some are coastal vessels. Folkestone has reasons to visit that will encourage calls and we will seek to persuade the Folkestone Harbour Company to more fully use the existing harbour facilities for the benefit of the town. Clearly there is also an interest in promoting this as the harbour station and branch railway provide a direct link for connecting trains to use.

From London - 1 hour 19 mins. Gatwick - 1 hour 30 mins. Heathrow - 1 hour 50 mins. France - 35 mins. Canterbury - 30 mins. Dover - 15 mins. Eurotunnel - 5 mins.

If the ferry service is unable to operate the base service will be morning and evening on Fridays to Sundays from London Victoria to Folkestone Harbour and return. This will betargeting day trips and the short break market with Folkestone as the destination.

Initial ferry crossings will be passenger only but there are future prospects for including cars at a later date. When taking rail and ferry projects together we believe that we can increase the number of “reasons to visit” for both Folkestone and Boulogne.

The new smaller market opportunity would be for ocean going vessels carrying between 100 and 500 guests. These vessels pass up and down the English Channel twice a year between their main markets so smaller ports provide positive product benefits.

The ferry may, in the future, also carry vehicles so the ferry operator will then need to match the number of booked passengers to the vessel’s passenger certificate. Mixing motorists, port-to-port foot passengers and train passengers requires estimating the best mix plus the rail service also needs to ensure that its trains are filled.

Heritage educationPresentation room and a place at which lunches can be taken. We will investigate thepotential for a baggage coach that can be used for short films that would expand the stories.

Short breaksWe will, with the ferry operator, market Boulogne, Folkestone, London and Maidstone as short break destinations. For this reason we have started to feature Folkestone and Boulogne

Charter trainsCharter trains add income over and above the regular services for little extra costs.It will encourage charter train operators to make Folkestone their destination, something that is difficult at present because of the long distance of both mainline stations from the town centre and proposed seafront development. We believe that offering Folkestone Harbour as the destination will encourage more visitors to the town.

The ferry may, in the future, also carry vehicles so the ferry operator will then need to match the number of booked passengers to the vessel’s passenger certificate. Mixing motorists, port-to-port foot passengers and train passengers requires estimating the best mix plus the rail service also needs to ensure that its trains are filled.

When passengers book a through ticket to Boulogne our sales system will ensure that there is space on both train and ferry before making a through reservation and issuing the ticket. This process will mean that when through passengers reach Folkestone they will simply pass through the check-in process using the same ticket on which they travelled to the harbour.Our fares will be lower than the normal rail service but competitive with using a private car.

The railway can be viable without the ferry but with ferry connections there is a larger volume of passengers as a result of increased market opportunities. One train can bring in between 200 to 600 passen-gers.

If our trains connect with fast ferry services to and from Boulogne then services will operate daily. This will extend our day trip and short break market to Boulogne which has historically been the most popular Opale Coast resort.

Approximate numbers of visitors attanding Folkestone’s events during 2010:

Book Festival50,000 over 1 week

Folkestone Charicari10,000 on 1 day

Folkestone Green Festival15,000 over 1 week

Folkestone Triennial 100,000 over 3 months

Folkestone Multi-Cultural Festival85,000 over 3 days

Estimated numbers of peopleattending Folkestone’s events after proposed train station and ferry terminal opening:

Book Festival90,000 over 1 week

Folkestone Charicari18,000 on 1 day

Folkestone Green Festival28,000 over 1 week

Folkestone Triennial 169,000 over 3 months

Folkestone Multi-Cultural Festival150,000 over 3 days

Since the train station’s closure the numbers of visitors have dropped by half.

Local food (also regional food or food patriotism) or the local food movement is a “collaborative effort to build more locally based, self-reliant food economies - one in which sustainable food production, processing, distribution, and consumption is integrated to enhance the economic, environmental and social health of a particular place.” It is consid-ered to be a part of the broader sustainability movement. It is part of the concept of local purchasing and local economies, a preference to buy locally produced goods and services.

Also, “it is a geographical concept related to the distance between food producers and consumers. In addition to geographic proximity of producer and consumer, however, local food can also be defined in terms of social and supply chain characteristics.” However, farm-ers are selling directly to consumers at regional farmers’ markets or to schools

Folkestone Supermarkets: outsourcing vs local productionLidlTescoAsdaSainsbury’sIcelandMorrisonsCostcutterCo-operative

10 reasons to eat Organic

The best reason for buying organic food is simply that it tastes good, but there may also be sound health reasons for doing so. It has been shown in some studies to have more vitamins and trace ele-ments than conventionally grown food and of course, it will not have been treated with any noxious chemicals.

-It is safe, nutritious, unadulterated food-It does not use artificial chemicals, pesticides and fertilisers-It is environmentally friendly-It is produced without GMOs, which are prohibited within the SoilAssociation standards for Organic Food and Farming-It places great emphasis on animal welfare-It is produced without the routine use of antibitotics and growth-promoting drugs-It reduces dependence on non-renewable resources-There has not been a case of BSE in any herd which has been in full organic management since before 1985.-It relies on a modern and scientific understanding of ecology and soil science, while also depending on traditional methods of crop rotations to ensure fertility and weed and pest control-Over time, artificial pest controls become less and less effective, so application rates have to be increased or another control found

Organic farming and food - UK

Since the early 1990’s, organic farming in the UK has expanded rapidly and by mid 2003 accounted for 4% of the agricultural land area with nearly 4000 farms managing some 720,000 hectares. This growth has been driven by consumers and policy makers who see organic farming as making a contribution to environmental, welfare, social and nutritional goals. It is one of a number of sustainable food production strategies; integrated farming being another, less restric-tive option for farmers.

The production of artificial chemicals and fertilisers is energy intensive. It takes as much energy to produce a tonne of fer-tilisers as it does to produce a tone of steel. The use of com-post, recycled waste and non-genetically engineered biologi-cal fertilisers is central to organic farming.The killing of soil life is also the burning out of soil carbon. Organic farms by definition depend on soil carbon to remain viable. If they do not conserve organic matter and slowly build the organic carbon of the soil they will not produce crops be-yond the conversion period.The industrialisation of farming is energy intensive. This is the style of agriculture that is both inhumane, wasteful of resourc-es, and unhealthy for animals and consumersOrganic food is often over-packaged and transported ex-cessive distances by centralised supermarket distribution systems. This is a down side which can be reduced by wise consumer decisions at point of sale. Organic standards stipu-late a preference for recylclable or renewable packaging.

Organic farming aims at reducing the costs of production and helps farmers in getting reasonable returns. Organic farming is today’s answer not only for sustained productivity, but also for safe and nutritious food. Demand for organic food is increasing rapidly. Products that are certified and sold as ‘organic’ can fetch a premium price compared with conventional products.

In the past decade, organic agriculture has grown from a niche market to a market force, demonstrating that it is an option for profitable enterprises. Organic agriculture is a socially and environmentally friend-ly approach to the food chain by agriculture. Apart from taking care of the health concerns of living organisms, it also addresses environmental issues.

Organic agriculture is not just about going back to the traditional ways of farming but an amalgamation of old and new to optimise the health and productivity of inter-dependent communities of soil life, plants, ani-mals and people.It uses crop rotations, organic fertilisers and seeds new crop varieties, technologies and efficient machinery. It avoids pesticides and chemi-cal additives. The farmers rely on biological, cultural and physical methods to limit pest expansion and increase populations of beneficial insects on their farm.Apart from blending modern science with traditional knowledge, organ-ic agriculture is also a means of converting low-input and subsistence farms into more productive systems. In addition to taking advantage of locally available resources and reducing the food miles and the carbon footprint of the produce, it also results in the efficient use of natural re-sources and promotes biodiversity. Through the recycling of renewable resources, organic agriculture makes it possible for farmers and fishermen to flourish in the absence of external agricultural inputs.

The organic market also generates employment in rural areas. However, policies and principles are needed to increase the accessibility of organic agriculture so that the full benefit of sustainable agriculture, rural development and food security can be realized.The three principles of organic agriculture areHealth – The success of organic agriculture is not at the cost of the health of soil, plant, animal and humans. It treats each of these four parts as one and indivisible, whole.Ecology – Organic agriculture works in tandem with ecological systems and cycles.Responsible and sustainable – Organic Agriculture is managed in a responsible manner that aims at protecting the health and well being of current and future generations and the environment.

1 - Existing Site Forces - Wind Direction and Sun Path

3 - Main Access and Attraction Points 4 - Function Zones and Linking Paths

2 - Proposed zoning of activities

Site Outline

Rail Track

Main Access Point

Nodes

Linking Paths for Pedestrians

Secondary Paths for Pedestrians

Vehicular Circulation

Secondary Car Access

Existing Access Roads

Existing Pedestrian Promenade

Wind Direction

Sun Path

Urban Organic Farm & Garden

Train & Ferry Pavillion

Open Area (Markets & Events)

Landscaped Garden

Organic Farm

Activity Zones

5 - Removing Visual Grid - Allow Free Movement Through Natural Flow

7 - Pedestrian and Vehicular Circulation 8 - Urban Farm Organisation and Landscape Arrangement

6 - Circulation Through Site as Result of Natural Movement

Site Outline

Rail Track

Main Access Point

Nodes

Linking Paths for Pedestrians

Secondary Paths for Pedestrians

Vehicular Circulation

Secondary Car Access

Existing Access Roads

Existing Pedestrian Promenade

Wind Direction

Sun Path

Urban Organic Farm & Garden

Train & Ferry Pavillion

Open Area (Markets & Events)

Landscaped Garden

Organic Farm

Activity Zones

Site Outline

Assem

bly Points

Pedestrian Connections

Vehicular Connections

Landscape

Urban Farm

AX

ON

OM

ETRIC

LAYER

S OF

PRO

POSED

SITE DEV

ELOP-

MEN

T

DESIG

N O

BJEC

TIVES

Goals &

Onjectives

It is important for the schem

e to promote the idea of a “w

alkable environment”. Even

though the project is considered as a comm

ercial use development and it has a cer-

tain target user, the design considers that everyone can access this project and on m

ultiple levels. The goal is to create a strong base for future development.

Design / A

ccess elements

The project is a mixed use developm

ent where the m

ix has been achieved vertically and horizontally by responding to the site requirem

ents and the functions needs.The developm

ent comprises of a railw

ay station, ferry terminal, urban organic farm

, and an open city m

arket. Introduction of transportation network, com

prising of a rail-w

ay and a road network w

orking together inorder to connect, enter, exit, and transfer in different layers w

ithout any impact of each on others.

ScaleThe com

ponents proportion have responded to the city skyline scale by respecting the m

aximum

existing heights. There is afocus on certain elements in the proposed

design to improve the feeling of the “landm

ark”.

LandscapeSpecial care has been addressed tow

ards the design of the landscape in terms of the

quantities as well as the type of the selected elem

ents. The goal is to select a durable m

aterial that can last for the whole life of the project.

The landscape design cannot be seperated from the w

hole masterplan design, rather

being a background and major part of the w

hole masterplan w

ithout affecting the “ar-chitectural statem

ents” on the development com

ponents. This is because it is respon-sible to add hum

an value to the outdoor spaces by making them

safe, accessible, and aesthetically pleasing in a sim

ple way.

1 - Apples

2 - Tomatoes

3 - Cherries

4 - Potatoes5 - C

bbage6 - Spinach7 - Peas8 - Thym

e9 - Lavender10 - Peaches11 - Zucchini12 - N

astrurtium13 - B

eans14 - D

ill15 - Straw

berries16 - M

int17 - Pum

pkin18 - W

atermelon

19 - Scallion20 - Lettuce21 - O

nion22 - G

arlic23 - cucum

ber24 - Peppers25 - B

roccoli

OR

GA

NIC

FAR

MIN

G

In organic farming, rather than using synthetic pesticides to kill pests,

farmers prevent pests by planting a bio-diverse range of crops, by

rotations, and by using natural, biological and environment-friendly

sprays. This means no artificial pesticides, no herbicides, no horm

ones and no grow

th promoters or food irradiation. O

rganics also prohibits the use of genetically m

odified organisms (G

MO

s). Organic standards

clearly define the allowed and prohibited production and processing

methods.

Natural fertilizers

There are various ways of m

aking natural fertilizers based on available resources. D

ry leaves, kitchen waste, anim

al dung, human excrete,

poultry waste, straw, grass, etc., can all be converted into excellent

manure by com

posting. Using earthw

orms has proven to be a very

good source of natural fertilizer for plants, as well as for speeding up

the process of composting.

Pest controlThere are several natural w

ays of keeping away pests. N

eem tree oil,

eucalyptus oil and earthworm

oil are some of the natural substances

that can be sprayed for pest control. Other m

ethods used are crop rotation and com

panion planting. It is also important to understand the

food chain to keep pests in control. Some anim

als help control pests.

Rainw

ater harvestingThough not m

andatory as per the standards, but rainwater harvest-

ingand conserving resources is a good practice. Rain w

ater harvest-ing helps in retaining the soil m

oisture and also helps in conserving resources by w

ay of limiting use of pum

ped water from

the ground. It also helps in recharging the depleting w

ater table. Use of alternative

power, such as solar and w

ind, also goes a long way in conserving

global resources.

BR

ING

ING

OR

GA

NO

PON

ICO

S IN TH

E UK

Organoponicos are a system

of urban organic gardens in cuba. They are gardens located in vacant lots in urban areas w

here the soil is not cultivable, thus cultivation take splace in raised beds or concrete containers.O

rganboponicos provide access to job opportunities, a fresh food supply to the com

munity and beautification of urban areas. It is

part of the conecpt of local purchasing and local economies, a

preference to buy locally produced goods and services.

In these days of economic strive and dram

atic world w

ide change it is tim

e to take food production into our own hands.

The “Grow

For It” project in Nottingham

is the first Urban H

ub in the U

K.

Organoponico = an O

rganic Green R

evolution

Organoponico = R

eal Food Security achieved by comm

unities for com

munities.

BEIN

G SELF-SU

FFICIEN

T

Grow

ing organic vegetables is the single most im

portant step to a sustainable, healthy life. W

hen vegetables are grown at hom

e they are fresh and free of chem

icals, eliminating food m

iles and cutting C

O² em

issions by up to 30%. It takes a few

hours of w

ork a week. In just 40 square m

etres you can grow 472kg of

vegetables which is enough for four people. So just 10m

² will

feed one person.

Vegetables need plenty of sun in order to grow, receiving at least 6 hours of sun per day. You w

ill need only 22,800L of annual supplementary w

ater, w

hich can be produced by a 7000L tank.

Soil preparationH

ealthy, organic food draws its goodness from

the soil, so make

sure your soil is brimm

ing with vitality, w

ith generous quanti-ties of w

ell rotted manure.Prepare your beds w

ell by removing

weeds and digging the area to break up the soil. This m

eans that direct-sow

n seeds make contact w

ith fine, moist soil for quick

germination. D

igging over the soil should take no more than a

weekend’s w

ork.

Crop rotation

To minim

ise nutrition depletion, rotate soil improvers after

heavy and light feeders. Dig in com

post and blood and bone, then apply m

ulch after harvest to boost organic matter, w

orm

activity and fertility.D

on’t plant the same vegetables in the sam

e place two seasons

running. By changing w

hat you grow w

here, you will prevent

pests and diseases building up in the soil

PLAN

TING

PLAN

12 3

4

5 6

7

8

9

2524

23

22

21

20

19

18

17

16

1514

1312

11

10

FINAL MASTERPLAN PROPOSAL

Site Section A-A 1:500

Site Plan 1:5000

A

A

1 - Train Station and Ferry Terminal Pavillion2 - Plaza (Farmer’s Market and Events)3 - Sports Area4 - Shops / Storage5 - Amphitheatre (Educational + Events)6 - Skatepark7 - Bike Station8 - Landscaped Steps Access to Beach9 - Water Collectors10 - Underground Carpark

1

2

3

4

4

56

7

7

88

88

8

8

94

9 9

9

9

9

9

10

The LandscapeThere are 3 main access points into the site. the roads are wide enough for trucks to enter for farming equipment, produce collection etc. The farms are zoned according to different irrigation systems needed for different crops, and are raised higher than the zero level so that there is no immediate access from the public. There are public zones set in the organic farm making this a public park with an educational/cultural centre making it also a toutistic destination.

Ground Floor Plan 1:500

AA

First Floor Plan 1:500

AA

The Building A

rrangement

The undulating landscape of the garden allows

for a smooth raise of the ground closing up to

the first level of the building where the m

ain entrance is.O

n the ground floor we find the platform

s of the train, the covered carpark under the raised ground and all the m

ain services of the build-ing. A

ll of this appears to be underground.The first level accom

modates both the train

station and ferry terminal. Vertical circulation to

the platforms on the ground level, and hori-

zontal circulation through the platform brigde

connection to the ferry boats etc.C

ar access can be directly on the first level in front of the m

ain entrance or from the carpark

entrance directly into the building.Pedestrian access is not interrupted by the car m

ovement and is direct through the landscape

to the main entrance. A

secondary walkw

ay through the building leads to the top of the roof and under to the side of the m

arket. This keep the public circulation separate butat the sam

e tim

e introduces tem to the building through the

overview of the large roof glass.

Offices / M

anagement / Ticketing

Circulation

ServicesO

pen Areas

Shops / FacilitiesSecurityTrain Platform

s

Parking Area

Roads

Pedestrian

Ferry Platform

Site Section A-A 1:500

Building Section A-A 1:200

1

2

3 5

97 10

7

64

88

1 - Main Entrance2 - Clerestory Window Allows Indirect Light Under Overlapping Shells3 - Information Desk4 - Ticketing Office5 - Shops and Restaurants6 - Terrace with Connecting Steps to Plaza7 - Underground Carpark with Direct Access to First Floor8 - Lifts and Services9 - Train Platforms10 - Storage and Services Utilised by Events on Plaza (Market / Concert)

The ShapeThe roof’s size and height was derived from the functions inside, re-flecting the need for higher ceiling (open/public space) in the middle and lower on the sides (offices and services). The two shells of the roof intertwined represent the two sites coming together through the building itself. The fluidity of the roof is related to the smooth movement through and across the two sites without the blockage of the rail tracks. The movement in and around the building takes into consideration the pedestrian usage of the site, linking all activities to each other.

Wall Section 1:50

Glass Detail 1:20

Wooden Structure.

Inner Shell- Fibreglass.

Elevated Steel Post.

Outer Shell- Fibreglass.

Water Entrance to Storage Tank.

Filter Mesh.

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

5

5

6

6

Rain Water Harvester.

Storage Tank.

Irrigation Pump.

Overflow to sewage.

Distrubution Outlets.

Filtration System.

1

2

3

4

5

6

Maintenance Entrance.

Scale 1:50

7

0

1

3

2

4

6 7

5