FM 23-35 Combat Training With Pistols & Revolvers · 2014. 2. 25. · PREFACE This manual provides guidance on the operation and marksmanship of the pistol, M9, 9-mm; pistol, M1911A1,

_T /_ FM 23-35

COMBAT TRAINING WITHPISTOLS AND REVOLVERS

OCTOBER 1988HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMYDISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION; Distribution authorind to US Oovarnmamagandaa and thwr oontractori to protMt technical or operational informitlonfrom automatic diaaamlnatlon undar tha Intamational Exchanga Program or byothar maam. Thla protaotton appllaa to pufaltoatlona raqulrad aolaly for official

uaa and for thoaa containing valuabtataohnkial or Dparatlonal Informailon. Trila

datarmlnatlonwaamadaonlBOotobar 1887. Othar raquaita for thla documentwill ba referred to Commandant, US Army Infantry School. ATTN: ATSH -

1N-

83, Fort Banning. OA 31806-BB93.

DESTRUCTION NOTICE: OoitroybyanymathodthatwIllpravarTtdlaeloauraofcontanta or reconftructlon of thb document

FIELD MANUAL *FM 23-3 5

NO. 23-35 HEADQUARTERSDEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

Washington, DC, 3 October 1988

COMBAT TRAINING WITH PISTOLS AND REVOLVERS

DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Distribution authorized toUS Government agencies and their contractors toprotect technical or operational information fromautomatic dissemination under the InternationalExchange Program or by other means. This protectionapplies to publications required solely for officialuse and for those containing valuable technical oroperational information. This determination was madeon 15 October 1987. Other requests for this documentwill be referred to Commandant, US Army InfantrySchool, ATTN: ATSH-IN-S3, Fort Benning, GA31905-5593.

DESTRUCTION NOTICE—Destroy by any method that willprevent disclosure of contents or reconstruction ofthe document.

*This publication supersedes FM 23-35, 24 September 1971.

FM 23-35

ContentsPage

Preface ii

Chapter l. US Army Handguns 1-1

Chapter 2. Marksmanship Training.. , 2-1

Section I* Basic Marksmanship .... • »»*» 2-1

Section II. Combat Marksmanship 2-16

Section in. Coaching and Training Aids 2-26

Section IV. Safety 2-37

Appendix A. Combat Pistol Qualification Course.. A-l

Appendix B. Alternate pistol QualificationCourse • B-l

Appendix C* Revolver Qualification Course ...... • C-l

Appendix D* Alternate Revolver QualificationCourse.. D-l

Appendix E. Training Schedules e-i

Appendix F. Reproducible Forms P-l

Glossary. * • • Glossary-1

References References-1

PREFACE

This manual provides guidance on the operation andmarksmanship of the pistol, M9, 9-mm; pistol,M1911A1, caliber .45; and the revolver, caliber .38.It reflects current Army standards in weaponsqualifications. It is a guide for the instructor todevelop training programs, plans, and lessons thatmeet the objectives of the United States ArmyMarksmanship program for developing combat effectivemarksmen. The soldier develops confidence, knowledge,and skills by following the guidelines in thismanual.

The proponent of this publication is HQ TRADOC.Submit changes for improving this publication on DAForm 2028 (Recommended Changes to publications andBlank Forms) and forward it to Commandant, US ArmyInfantry School, ATTN; ATSH-IN-S3 , Fort Benning, GA31905-5593.

Unless otherwise stated, whenever the masculinegender is used, both men and women are included.

ii

CHAPTER 1

US ARMY HANDGUNS

1-1. PISTOL, SEMIAUTOMATIC , 9-MM, M9

The M9 pistol is a 9-mm semiautomatic, magazine-fed, recoil-operated, double-action weapon chamberedfor the 9-mra cartridge* The magazine has a 15-roundcapacity.

a. Equipment Data.

Caliber 9-mm NATOSystem of Operation Short recoil, semiautomaticLocking System Oscillating blockLength 217 mm (8.54 inches)Width 39 mm (i.5 inches)Height 140 mm (5.51 inches)Weight with Empty Magazine""7";—7" 960 grams (2.1 pounds)Weight with 15-Round Magazine~~ — ™ 1,145 grams (2.6 pounds)Barrel Length 125 mm (4.92 inches)Rifling R . H , six-groove (pitch

250 mm [about 10 inches])Muzzle velocity 375 meters per second

(1,230.3 feet per second)Muzzle Energy 569.5 newton meters (430

foot pounds)Maximum Range 1,800 meters (1,962.2 yards)Maximum Effective Range 50 meters (54.7 yards)Front Sight Blade, integral with slideRear Sight Notched bar, dovetailed to slideSighting Radius 158 mm (6.22 inches)Safety Features Decocking/safety lever,

firing pin block.Hammer (half-cocked notch) -prevents accidental

discharge.Basic Load 45 roundsTrigger Pull Single-Action: 5.50 pounds

Double-Action: 12-33 pounds

1-1

NOTE: For additional information on technical aspectsof the M9 pistol see TM 9-1005-317-310.

WARNING

THE HALF-COCKED POSITION CATCHES THE HAMMER ANDPREVENTS IT FROM FIRING IF THE HAMMER ISRELEASED WHILE MANUALLY COCKING THE WEAPON. ITIS NOT TO BE USED AS A SAFETY POSITION. THEPISTOL WILL FIRE FROM THE HALF-COCKED POSITIONIF THE TRIGGER IS PULLED.

b. Operation*

The M9 pistol has a short recoil system using afalling locking block. The pressure developed by theexpanding gases of a fired round recoils the slide andbarrel assembly. After a short run, the locking blockis disengaged from the slide, the barrel stops againstthe frame, and the slide continues its rearwardmovement. The slide then extracts and ejects thefired cartridge case, cocks the hammer, and compressesthe recoil spring. The slide moves forward feedingthe cartridge from the magazine into the chamber. Theslide and barrel assembly remain open after the lastcartridge has been fired and ejected.

1-2. PISTOL, AUTOMATIC, .45 CALIBER, M1911 ANDM1911A1

The M1911 and M1911A1 pistols are semiautomatic,. 45-caliber , recoil-operated , magazine-fed , single-action pistols. The magazine has a seven-roundcapacity.

a. Equipment Data.

Caliber-- 0.45 inchesSystem of Operation—- Short recoil.

LengthWeight With Empty MagazineWeight With Full Magazine-Length of Barrel---Rifling

semiautomatic-8 5/8 inches

2.4 pounds3 pounds

5.03 inches

Muzzle velocityMuzzle Energy

—

— L . H . , six groove(Pitch 1 in 16 inches)

830 feet per second17,000 pounds per

Maximum Range-——-—Maximum Effective RangeFront sight---—--—

square inch1,500 meters

50 metersBlade, integral with slide

Rear Sight Notched bar, dovetailed to slideSight Radius 6.481 inchesSafety Features Manual safety lever,

grip safety, half-cock positionBasic Load 21 roundsTrigger Pull 5 to 6 1/2 pounds

b. Operation.

(1) Each time a cartridge is fired, the parts insidethe weapon function in a given order. This isknown as the functioning cycle or cycle ofoperation *

£2) The cycle of operation of the weapon is dividedinto eight steps: feeding, chambering, locking,firing, unlocking, extracting, ejecting, andcocking. The steps are listed in the order inwhich functioning occurs; however, more than onestep may occur at the same time.

(3) A magazine containing ammunition is placed in thereceiver. The slide is pulled fully to the rearand released. As the slide moves forward, itstrips the top round from the magazine and pushesit into the chamber. The hammer remains in thecocked position, and the weapon is ready tofire.

(4) The weapon fires one round each time the triggeris pulled. Each time a cartridge is fired, theslide and barrel recoil or move a short distancelocked together. This permits the bullet andexpanding powder gases to escape from the muzzlebefore the unlocking is completed.

(5) The barrel then unlocks from the slide andcontinues to the rear, extracting the cartridgecase from the chamber and ejecting it from theweapon. During this rearward movement themagazine feeds another cartridge, the recoilspring is compressed, and the hammer is cocked.

(6) At the end of the rearward movement, the recoilspring expands, forcing the slide forward,locking the barrel and slide together. Theweapon is ready to fire again. The same cycle ofoperation continues until the ammunition isexpended.

1-3

(7) As the last round is fired, the magazine springexerts upward pressure on the magazine follower*The stop on the follower strikes the slide stop,forcing it into the recess on the bottom of theslide and locking the slide to the rear. Thisaction indicates that the magazine is empty andaids in faster reloading.

NOTE: For additional information on the technicalaspects of the caliber .45 pistol seeTM 9-1005-211-12.

1-3. REVOLVER, CALIBER .38

There are six basic caliber .38 service revolversin use by the Army. One is a 2-inch barreled r .38-caliber revolver made by Smith and Wesson; five are 4-inch barreled, . 38-caliber revolvers—three made byRuger, and two by Smith and Wesson. The 2-inchbarreled revolver is used mainly by Army CID andcounterintelligence personnel. The 4-inch barreledrevolvers are used by aviators and military police.

a. Equipment Data.

Smith and Wesson

Caliber 0.38 inchesSystem of Operation Rotated chamberLength: 2-Inch Barrel 7 1/4 inches

4-Inch Barrel 9 1/4 inchesWeight: 2-Inch Barrel — 26.5 ounces

4-inch Barrel ——— 30-5 ouncesLength of Barrel 2 inches/4 inchesMuzzle Velocity 950 feet per secondMuzzle Energy 16 , 000 per square inchMaximum Range: 2-Inch Barrel- 868 meters

4-Inch Barrel ----992 metersMaximum Effective Range——45 meters (2- inch barrel)

60 meters (4-inch barrel)Front Sight Fixed 1/8-inch serrated rampRear sight Square notchSafety Features—-—— no manually operated safetyBasic Load IB rounds

Ruger

Caliber 0,38 inchesSystem of Operation Rotated chamberLength 9 1/4 inchesWeight 33 ounces

1-4

Length of Barrel———

-

Muzzle Velocity———Muzzle Energy— —Maximum Range* ----Maximum Effective RangeFront SightRear SightSafety FeaturesBas ic Load-—

No manually operated safety

950 feet per second16,000 per square inch

Fixed grooveFixed blade

992 meters-60 meters

18 rounds

4 inches

b* Operation.

(1) When firing single-action, the hammer is pulledhack, and the sear engaged the full-cock notch inthe hammer.

(a) Smith and Wesson: Pulling the trigger lowers thehammer block, allowing the hammer to fall*

(b) Ruger: pulling the trigger raises the transferbar into the firing position between the hammerand firing pin, allowing the hammer to strike thefiring pin.

{2} When firing double-action, the trigger issqueezed* This engages the sear, raising thehammer to nearly full-cock position. Continuedpressure on the trigger allows the sear to escapefrom the trigger and the hammer to fall.

(a) Smith and Wesson: When the trigger is squeezed,the rebound slide pivots the hammer blockdownward, striking the cartridge primer.

(b) Ruger i When the trigger is squeezed and held tothe rear, the transfer bar passes force from thetransfer bar to the firing pin, striking thecartridge primer. If the trigger is not held tothe rear, the hammer rests directly on the frameand the transfer bar remains below the firing

(3) The cylinder stop {Smith and Wesson) or latch(Ruger) prevents the cylinder from making morethan one-sixth of a revolution each time theweapon is cocked. The cylinder stop/latchwithdraws from the cylinder as the trigger moves.The trigger hand (Smith and Wesson) or pawl(Ruger) pivots and engages the ratchet on theextractor/ejector portion of the cylinder. The

pin.

1-5

trigger slips off of the cylinder stop/latch asit continues rearward. The cylinder stop/latchthen engages the next notch.

NOTES: 1. in firing the Ruger, the trigger mustremain all the way back till the hammer falls.If the trigger is released before the hammerfalls , the weapon will not fire. In firing theSmith and Wesson, the weapon fires only whenthe trigger is pulled all the way back.

2. For additional information on the technicalaspects of the caliber .38 see TM 9-1005-226-14and TM 9-10Q5-205-14SP-1.

1-6

CHAPTER 2

MARKSMANSHIP TRAINING

Section I. BASIC MARKSMANSHIP

2 1. PHASES OF TRAINING

Marksmanship training is divided into two phases:preparatory marksmanship training and range firing.Each phase may be divided into separate instructionalsteps. All marksmanship training must be progressive.Combat marksmanship techniques should be practicedafter the basics have been mastered*

2-2 . FUNDAMENTALS

The main use of the pistol or revolver is toengage an enemy at close range with quick, accuratefire. Accurate shooting results from knowing andcorrectly applying the elements of marksmanship. Theelements of combat pistol or revolver marksmanshipare:

o Grip.o Aiming

.

o Breath control.Trigger squeeze.

o Target engagement

.

o Positions

.

2-3. GRIP

The weapon must become an extension of the handand arm. It should replace the finger in painting atan object. A firm, uniform grip must be applied tothe weapon. A proper grip is one of the mostimportant fundamentals of quick fire.

2-1

a. One-Hand Grip. Hold the weapon in the nonfiringhand; form a V with the thumb and forefinger ofthe strong hand (firing hand) (see Figure 2-1)

.

Place the weapon in the v with the front and rearsights in line with the firing arm. Wrap thelower three fingers around the pistol grip,putting equal pressure with all three fingers tothe rear. Allow the thumb of the firing hand torest alongside the weapon without pressure. Gripthe weapon tightly until the hand begins totremble; relax until the trembling stops. At thispoint, the necessary pressure for a proper griphas been applied. Place the trigger finger on thetrigger between the tip and second joint so thatit can be squeezed to the rear* The triggerfinger must work independently of the remainingfingers*

NOTEi If any of the three fingers on the grip iarelaxed the grip must be reapplied*

Figure 2-1. One-hand grip*

b. Two-Hand Grip. The two-hand grip allows the firerto steady the firing hand and provide maximumsupport during firing* The nonfiring hand becomesa support mechanism for the firing hand bywrapping the fingers of the nonfiring hand aroundthe firing hand. Two-hand grips are recommendedfor all pistol and revolver firing.

2-2

WARNING

IP THE NONFIRING THUMB IS PLACED IN THE REAROF THE WEAPON THE RECOIL FROM THE WEAPONCOULD RESULT IN PERSONAL INJURY.

(1) Fist grip . Grip the weapon as described inparagraph a above. Firmly close the fingers ofthe nonfiring hand over the fingers of the firinghand, ensuring that the index finger from thenonfiring hand is between the middle finger of thefiring hand and the trigger guard, place thenonfiring thumb alongside the firing thumb. {SeeFigure 2-2.)

NOTE: Depending upon the individual firer, he maychoose to place his index finger of thenonfiring hand on the front of the triggerguard of the H9 pistol since this weapon has arecurved trigger guard designed for thispurpose.

Figure 2-2. Fist grip.

(2) Palm-supported grip . This grip is commonly calledthe cup and saucer grip. Grip the firing hand asdescribed in paragraph a above. Place thenonfiring hand under the firing hand/ wrapping the

2-3

nonfiling fingers around the back of the firinghand* Place the nonfiring thumb over the middlefinger of the firing hand. (See Figure 2-3.)

Figure 2-3* Palm-supported grip.

(3) Weaver grip * Apply this grip the same as thefist grip. The only exception is that thenonfiring thumb is wrapped over the firing thumb.(See Figure 2-4.)

Figure 2-4. Weaver grip

2-4

c. isometric Tension. The firer raises his arms to afiring position and applies isometric tension.This Is commonly known as the push-pull method formaintaining weapon stability isometric tensionis when the firer applies forward pressure withthe firing hand and pulls rearward with thenonfiring hand with equal pressure. This createsan isometric force but never so much to cause thefirer to tremble. This steadies the weapon andreduces barrel rise from recoil. The supportingarm is bent with the elbow pulled downward- Thefiring arm is fully extended with the elbow andwrist locked. The firer must experiment to findthe right amount of isometric tension to apply.

NOTE: The firing hand should exert the same pressureas the nonfiring hand. If it does not, amissed target could result.

d. Natural Point of Aim. The firer should check hisgrip for use of his natural point of aim. Hegrips the weapon and sights properly on a distanttarget. While maintaining his grip and stance, hecloses his eyes for three to five seconds. Hethen opens his eyes and checks for proper sightpicture. If the point of aim is disturbed/ thefirer adjusts his stance to compensate. If theBight alignment is disturbed, the firer adjustshis grip to compensate by removing the weapon fromhis hand and reapplying the grip. The firerrepeats this process until the sight alignment andsight placement remain almost the same when heopens his eyes. This enables the firer todetermine and use his natural point of aim once hehas sufficiently practiced. This is the mostrelaxed position for holding and firing theweapon.

2-4* AIMING

a. Aiming is sight alignment and sight placement (seeFigure 2-5) * Sight alignment is the centering ofthe front blade In the rear sight notch. The topof the front sight is level with the top of therear sight and is in correct alignment with theeye. For correct sight alignment, the firer mustcenter the front sight in the rear sight. Heraises or lowers the top of the front sight so itis level with the top of the rear sight.

2-5

b. Sight placement is the positioning of the weapon'ssights in relation to the target as seen by thef irer when he aims the weapon (see Figure 2-5) . Acorrect sight picture consists of correct sightalignment with the front sight placed center massof the target. The eye can focus on only oneobject at a time at different distances. There-fore the last focus of the eye is always on thefront sight. When the front sight is seenclearly, the rear sight and target will appearhazy. Correct sight alignment can only bemaintained through focusing on the front sight.The firer 1 s bullet will hit the target even if thesight picture is partly off center but stillremains on the target. Therefore, sight alignmentis more important than sight placement. Since itis impossible to hold the weapon completely still,the firer must apply trigger squeeze and maintaincorrect sight alignment while the weapon is movingin and around the center of the target. Thisnatural movement of the weapon is referred to aswobble area . The firer must strive to control thelimits of the wobble area through proper breathcontrol, trigger squeeze, positioning, and grip.

c. Sight alignment is essential for accuracy becauseof the short sight radius of the pistols andrevolvers. For example, if a 1/10-inch error ismade in aligning the front sight in the rearsight, the firer's bullet will miss the point ofaim by about 15 inches at a range of 25 meters.The 1/10-inch error in sight alignment magnifiesas the range increases—at 25 meters it ismagnified 150 times.

Figure 2-5. Correct sight alignment andsight picture.

2-6

d» Focusing on the front sight while applying propertrigger squeeze will help the firer resist theurge to jerk the trigger and anticipate the actualmoment the weapon will fire* Mastery of triggersqueeze and sight alignment requires practice.Trainers should use concurrent training stationsor have fire ranges to enhance proficiency ofmarksmanship skills.

2-5. BREATH CONTROL

The firer must learn to hold his breath properlyat any time during the breathing cycle if he wishes toattain accuracy that will serve him in combat. Thismust be done while aiming and squeezing the trigger.While the procedure is simple, it requires explana-tion, demonstration, and supervised practice. To holdthe breath properly the firer takes a breath, lets itout, then inhales normally, lets a little out untilcomfortable, holds, and then fires. It is diffi-cult to maintain a steady position keeping the frontBight at a precise aiming point while breathing.Therefore, the firer should be taught to inhale, thenexhale normally, and hold his breath at the moment ofthe natural respiratory pause (see Figure 2-6) - Theshot must then be fired before he feels any discomfortfrom not breathing. When multiple targets arepresented, the firer must learn to hold his breath at

IN

NATURALRESPIRATORY

PAUSE

HOLDBREATH

SMOOT

Figure 2-6. Breath control, firingat a single target.

2-7

any part of the breathing cycle (see Figure 2-7)

•

Breath control must be practiced during dry-fireexercises until it becomes a natural part of thefiring process.

TMQQERSQUEEZE

•HOOT

Figure 2-7. Breath control, firing at timedor multiple targets.

2-6* TRIGGER SQUEEZE

a* Improper trigger squeeze causes more misses thanany other step of preparatory marksmanship* Poorshooting is caused by £he aim being disturbedbefore the bullet leaves the barrel of the weapon.This is usually the result of the firer jerkingthe trigger or flinching, A slight off-centerpressure of the trigger finger on the trigger cancause the weapon to move and disturb the firer 'ssight alignment. Flinching is an automatic humanreflex caused by anticipating the recoil of theweapon* Jerking is an effort to fire the weaponat the precise time the sights align with thetarget.

NOTE: See problems in target engagement, paragraph2— 7 •

b. Trigger squeeze is the independent movement of thetrigger finger in applying increasing pressure onthe trigger straight to the rear, withoutdisturbing the sight alignment until the weaponfires. The trigger slack, or free play, is takenup first, and the squeeze is continued steadilyuntil the hammer falls. If the trigger is squeezedproperly, the firer will not know exactly when thehammer will fall? thus, he does not tend to flinchor heel, resulting in a bad shot* Novice firers

2-8

must be trained to overcome the urge to anticipaterecoil. Proper application of the fundamentalswill lower this tendency*

c. To apply correct trigger squeeze, the triggerfinger should contact the trigger between the tipof the finger to the second joint (withouttouching the weapon anywhere else) • Where contactis made depends on the length of the firer'strigger finger* if pressure from the triggerfinger is applied to the right side of the triggeror weapon, the strike of the bullet will be to theleft* This is due to the normal hinge action ofthe fingers* When the fingers on the right handare closed, as in gripping, they hinge or pivot tothe left, thereby applying pressure to the left.(With left-handed firers, this action is to theright.) The firer must not apply pressure left orright but increase finger pressure straight to therear Only the trigger finger must perform thisaction. Dry-fire training improves a firer'sability to move the trigger finger straight to therear without cramping or increasing pressure onthe hand grip.

(1) The firer who is a good shot holds the sights ofthe weapon as nearly on the target center aspossible and continues to squeeze the trigger withincreasing pressure until the weapon fires.

(2) The soldier who is a bad shot tries to "catch histarget" as his sight alignment moves past the

target and fires the weapon at that instant. Thisis called ambushing , which causes trigger jerk.

d. Follow-through is the continued effort of thefirer to maintain sight alignment before, during,and after the round has fired. The firer mustcontinue the rearward movement of the finger evenafter the round has been fired* Releasing thetrigger too soon after the round has been firedresults in an uncontrolled shot, causing a missedtarget*

NOTE: The trigger squeeze of the H9 pistol, whenfired in the single-action mode, is 5.50pounds; when fired in double-action mode, it is12.33 pounds. The firer must be aware. of themode he is firing in. He must also practicesqueezing the trigger in each mode to developexpertise in single-action and double-actiontarget engagements.

2-9

2-7. TARGET ENGAGEMENT

To engage a single target, the firer applies themethod discussed in paragraph 2-6 when multipletargets are engaged. The closest and most dangerousmultiple target in combat is engaged first and shouldbe fired at with two rounds. This is commonlyreferred to as a double tap . The firer then traversesand acquires the next target, aligns the sights in thecenter of mass, focuses on the front sight, appliestrigger squeeze, and fires. The firer ensures hisfiring arm elbow and wrist are locked during allengagements. If the firer has missed the first targetand has fired upon the second target, he shifts backto the first' and engages it. Some problems in targetengagement are as follows:

a. Recoil Anticipation, when a soldier first learnsto shoot, he may begin to anticipate recoil. Thisreaction may cause hira to tighten his musclesduring or just before the hammer falls. He mayfight the recoil by pushing the weapon downward inanticipating or reacting to its firing, in eithercase, the rounds will not hit the point of aim. Agood method to show the firer that he is antici-pating the recoil is the ball-and-dummy method(see paragraph 2-16)

.

b. Trigger Jerk. Trigger jerk occurs when thesoldier sees that he has acquired a good sightpicture at center mass and "snaps" off a roundbefore the good sight picture is lost. This maybecome a problem, especially when the soldier islearning to use a flash sight picture (seeparagraph 2-9)

.

c. Heeling. Heeling is caused by a firer tighteningthe large muscle in the heel of the hand to keepfrom jerking the trigger. A firer who has hadproblems with jerking the trigger tries to correctthe fault by tightening the bottom of the hand,which results in a heeled shot. Heeling causesthe strike of the bullet to hit high on the firinghand side of the target. The firer can correctshooting errors by knowing and applying correcttrigger squeeze.

2-8. POSITIONS

The qualification course is fired from astanding kneeling, or crouch position. All of the

2-10

firing positions described below must be practiced sothey become natural movements, during qualificationand combat firing. Though these positions seemnatural, practice sessions must be conducted to ensurethe habitual attainment of correct firing positions.Assuming correct firing positions ensures thatsoldiers can quickly assume these positions without aconscious effort, pistol marksmanship requires asoldier to rapidly apply all the fundamentals atdangerously close targets while under stress.Assuming a proper position to allow for a steady aimis critical to survival.

a. pistol-Ready Position. In the pistol-reaayposition, hold the weapon in the one-hand grip.Hold the upper arm close to the body, and theforearm at about a 45° angle. Point the weapontoward target center as you move forward (seeFigure 2-8) .

Figure 2-8. Pistol-ready position.

2-11

b. Standing position Without Support. Face thetarget (see Figure 2-9) • Place feet a comfortabledistance apart, about shoulder width. Extend thefiring arm and attain a two-hand grip- The wristand elbow of the firing arm are locked and pointedtoward target center. Keep the body straight withthe shoulders slightly forward of the buttocks.

Figure 2-9. Standing position withoutsupport

.

NOTE: During combat, there may not be time for asoldier to assume a position that will allowhim to establish his natural point of aim.Firing from a covered position may require thesoldier to adapt his shooting stance toavailable cover.

c. Kneeling Position. In the kneeling position,ground only the firing side knee as the mainsupport (see Figure 2-10) . vertically place thefoot, used as the main support, under thebuttocks. Rest the body weight on the heel andtoes. Rest the nonfiring arm just above the elbowon the knee not used as the main body support*

2-12

use the two-handed grip for firing. Extend thefiring arm, and lock the firing arm elbow andwrist to ensure solid arm control.

Figure 2-10, Kneeling position.

d. Crouch Position, Use the crouch position whensurprise targets are engaged at close range (seeFigure 2-11) • Place the body in a forward crouch(boxer's stance) with the knees bent slightly and

Figure 2-11, Crouch position.

2-13

trunk bent forward from the hips to give fasterrecovery from recoil* Place the feet naturally ina position that allows another step toward thetarget* Extend the weapon straight toward thetarget, and lock the wrist and elbow of the firingarm. It is important to consistently train withthis position, since the body will automaticallycrouch under conditions of stress such as combat*It is also a faster position from which to changedirection of fire.

e. Prone Position. Lie flat on the ground, facingthe target (see Figure 2-12) . Extend arms in

front with the firing arm locked. The arms mayhave to be slightly unlocked for firing at hightargets* Rest the butt of the weapon on the groundfor single, well-aimed shots. Wrap the nonfiringhand (fingers) around the fingers of the firinghand. Face forward. Keep the head down betweenarms as much as possible and behind the weapon.

f. Standing position With Support. Use availablecover for support—for example, a tree or wall tostand behind (see Figure 2-13) . Stand behind abarricade with the firing side on line with theedge of the barricade. Place the knuckles of thethe nonfiring fist at eye level against the edgeof the barricade. Lock the elbow and wrist of thefiring arm. Move the foot on the nonfiring sideforward until the toe of the boot touches thebottom of the barricade.

U _

Figure 2-12. Prone position.

2-14

Figure 2-13. Standing position with support.

g. Kneeling Supported Position, use available coverfor support—for example, use a low wall, rocks,or vehicle (see Figure 2-14) . Place thefiring-side knee on the ground. Bend the otherknee and place the foot (nonfiring side) flat on

Figure 2-14. Kneeling supported.

2-15

the ground, pointing toward the target* Extendarras alongside and brace them against availablecover- Lock the wrist and elbow of the firingarm. place the nonfiring hand around the. fist tosupport the firing arm. Rest the nonfiring armjust above the elbow on the nonf iring-side knee.

Section II. COMBAT MARKSMANSHIP

After a soldier becomes proficient in the funda-mentals of marksmanship/ he progresses to advancedtechniques of combat marksmanship. The main use of

the pistol or revolver is to engage the enemy at closerange with quick, accurate fire. In shootingencounters, it is not the first round fired that winsthe engagement, but the first accurately fired round.The soldier should use his sights when engaging theenemy, the only exception being if this would placethe weapon within arm's reach of the enemy.

2-9. TECHNIQUES OF FIRING

a. Hand-and-Eye Coordination.

(1) Hand-and-eye coordination is not a natural,instinctive ability for all soldiers* It is

usually a learned skill obtained by practicing theuse of a flash sight picture (see paragraph bbelow) . The more a soldier practices raising the

weapon to eye level and obtaining a flash sightpicture, the more natural the relationship betweensoldier, Bights, and target becomes. Eventually,proficiency elevates to a point so that thesoldier can accurately engage targets in the dark.Each soldier must be aware of this trait and learnhow to best use it. Poorly coordinated soldierscan achieve proficiency by being closely super-vised. Everyone has the ability to point at anobject* Since pointing the forefinger at anobject and extending the weapon toward a targetare much the same, the combination of the two arenatural. Making the soldier aware of this abilityand teaching him how to apply it when firingresults in success when engaging enemy targets in

combat

.

-

(2) The eyes focus instinctively on the center of anyobject observed. After the object is sighted, thefirer aligns his sights on the center of mass,focuses on the front sight, and applies proper

2-16

trigger squeeze. Most crippling or killing hitsresult from maintaining the focus on the center ofmass. The eyes must remain fixed on some part ofthe target throughout firing.

) When a soldier points, he instinctively points atthe feature on the object on which his eyes arefocused. An impulse from the brain causes the armand hand to stop when the finger reaches theproper position. When the eyes are shifted to anew object or feature, the finger, nana, and armalso shift to this point. It is this inherenttrait that can be used by the soldier to rapidlyand accurately engage targets. This instinct iscalled hand-and-eye coordination.

Flash Sight picture. Usually when engaging anenemy at pistol/revolver ranges, the firer haslittle time to ensure a correct sight picutre.The quick-kill (or natural point of aim) methoddoes not always ensure a first-round hit. acompromise between a correct sight picture and thequick-kill method is known as a flash sightpicture. As the soldier raises the weapon to eyelevel, his point of focus switches from the enemyto the front sight, ensuring that the front andrear sights are in proper alignment left andright, but not necessarily up and down. Pressureis applied to the trigger as the front sight isbeing acquired, and the hammer falls as the flashsight picture is confirmed. Initially, thismethod should be practiced slowly, gaining Bpeedas proficiency increases. ^

Quick-Fire Point Shooting. This is for engagingan enemy at less than 5 yards, it is also usefulfor night firing. The weapon should be held in atwo-hand grip, it is brought up close to the bodyuntil it reaches chin level and is then thrustforward until both arras are straight. The- arms andbody form a triangle, which can be aimed as aunit, m thrusting the weapon forward, the firercan imagine that there is a box between him andthe enemy, and he is thrusting the weapon into thebox. The trigger is smoothly squeezed to the rearas the elbows straighten out.

Quick-Fire Sighting. This is used when engagingan enemy at 5 to 10 yards away* it is used onlywhen there is no time available to get a full

picture* The firing position is the same as for

quick-fire point shooting. The sights are alignedleft and right to save time, but not up and down.

The firer must determine in practice what thesight picture will look like and where the frontsight must be aimed to hit the enemy in thechest.

2-10- TARGET ENGAGEMENT

In close combat, there is seldom time to preciselyapply all of the fundamentals of marksmanship, when asoldier fires a round at the enemy, many times he will

not know if he hit his target. Therefore, two roundsshould be fired at the target. This is called adouble tap . If the enemy continues to attack, twomore shots should be placed in the pelvic area tobreak the body's support structure, causing the enemyto fall.

2-11. TRAVERSING

a. Traversing 360°. in close combat, the enemy maybe attacking from all sides. The soldier may nothave time to constantly change his position to

adapt to new situations. The purpose of the

crouching or kneeling traverse 360° is to fire inany direction without moving the feet. The firerremains in the crouch position with feet almostparallel to each other. The following instruc-tions are for a right-handed firer. The two-handgrip is used at all times except for over the

right shoulder* Turning will be natural on theballs of the feet*

(1) Over the left shoulder (see Figure 2-15) : Theupper body is turned to the left, the weaponpoints to the left rear with the elbows of botharms bent. The left elbow will naturally be bentmore than the right elbow.

(2) Traversing to the left (see Figure 2-16): Theupper body turns to the right, and the rightfiring arm straightens out. The left arm will be

slightly bent.

(3) Traversing to the front (see Figure 2-17) : Theupper body turns to the front as the left armstraightens out. Both arms will be straightforward

,

2-18

(4) Traversing to the right (see Figure 2-18) : Theupper body will turn to the right as both elbowsbend. The right elbow will naturally bend morethan the left.

Figure 2-15. Traversingover the leftshoulder

.

Figure 2-16. Traversingto the left

Figure 2-17. Traversingto the front

Figure 2-18. Traversingto the right

2-19

(5) Traversing to the right rear (see Figure 2-19):The upper body continues to turn to the rightuntil it reaches a point that it cannot go furthercomfortably. Eventually the left hand will have torelease itself from the fist grip and the firerwill be shooting to the right rear with the righthand

.

Figure 2-19. Traversing to the right rear.

b. Kneeling 360° Traverse. The followinginstructions are for right-handed firers. Thehands are in a two-hand grip at all times. Theunsupported kneeling position is used. The rearfoot must be positioned to the left of the frontfoot.

(1) Traversing to the left side (ste Figure 2^20):The upper body turns to a comfortable positiontoward the left. The weapon is aimed to the left.Both elbows are bent with the left elbow naturallybent more than the right elbow.

(2) Traversing to the front (see Figure 2-21): Theupper body is turned to the front, and a standardunsupported kneeling position is assumed. Theright firing arm is straight, and the left elbowis slightly bent.

(3) Traversing to the right side (see Figure 2-22):The upper body turns to the right as both armsstraighten out.

2-20

(4) Traversing to the rear (see Figure 2-23) : Theupper body continues to turn to the right as theleft knee is turned to the right ana placed on theground. The right knee is lifted off the groundand becomes the forward knee. The right arm isstraight, while the left arm is bent. Thedirection of the kneeling position has beenreversed

.

Figure 2-20. Traversingto the left,kneeling.

r» ,;

m ....

Figure 2-21. Traversingto the front,kneeling.

Figure 2-22. Traversingto the rightkneeling.

Figure 2-23. Traversingto the rearkneeling.

2-21

(5) Traversing to the new right side (see Figure2-24) : The upper body continues to the right.Both elbows are straight until it reaches a pointthat it cannot comfortably to further. Event-ually, the left hand must be released from thefist grip, and the firer will be firing to theright with the one-hand grip.

Figure 2-24. Traversing to the new right side,kneeling

.

c. Training Method. This method can be taughtanywhere without a weapon by the firer simulatinga two-hand grip. The firer should be familiarwith firing in all five directions.

2-12. COMBAT RELOADING TECHNIQUES

Reloading was an overlooked problem for many yearsuntil it was discovered that soldiers were beingkilled due to dropping of magazines, shaking hands,placing magazines in backward, and placing emptymagazines back into the weapon. The stress stateinduced by a life-threatening situation causessoldiers to do things they would not otherwise do.Consistent, repeated training is needed to avoid suchmistakes

.

2-22

NOTE; These procedures should only be used in combat,

not on firing ranges.

o STEP 1: Develop a consistent method for carryingmagazines in the ammuntion pouches. Allmagazines should face down with the bulletsfacing forward and to the center of the body.

o STEP 2: Know when to reload. When possible,count the number of rounds fired. However, it ispossible to lose count in close combat- if thishappens, there is a distinct difference in recoilof the pistol when the last round has been fired.Change magazines when two rounds may be left—onein the magazine and one in the chamber. Thisprevents being caught with an empty weapon at acrucial time. Reloading is faster with a roundin the chamber since time is not needed torelease the slide.

o STEP 3; Obtain a firm grip on the magazine.This precludes the magazine being dropped ordifficulty in getting the magazine into theweapon. Ensure the knuckles of the hand aretoward the body while gripping as much of themagazine as possible. Place the index finger highon the front of the magazine when withdrawingfrom the pouch. Use the index finger to guidethe magazine into the magazine well*

o STEP 4: Know which reloading procedure to usefor the tactical situation. There are threesystems of reloading; rapid, tactical, andone-handed. Raîd reloading is used when thesoldier's life is in immediate danger, and thereload must be accomplished quickly. Tacticalreloading is used when there is more time, and itis desirable to keep the replaced magazinebecause there are rounds still in it or it willbe needed again. One-handed reloading is usedwhen there is an arm injury.

a. Rapid Reloading.

o place your hand on the next magazine in theammunition pouch to ensure there is anothermagazine.

o Withdraw the magazine from the pouch whilereleasing the other magazine from the weapon.Let the replaced magazine drop to the ground.

2-23

o Insert the replacement magazine, guiding it intothe magazine well with the index finger.

o Release the slide, if necessary.

o Pick up the dropped magazine if time allows.Place it in your pocket, not back into theammunition pouch where it may become mixed withfull magazines.

b. Tactical Reloading.

o Place your hand on the next magazine in theammunition pouch to ensure there is a remainingmagazine.

o Withdraw the magazine from the pouch.

o Drop the used magazine into the palm of thenonfiring hand, which is the same hand holdingthe replacement magazine.

o Insert the replacement magazine, guiding it intothe magazine well with the index finger.

o Release the slide, if necessary.

o place the used magazine into a pocket, do notmix it with full magazines.

c. One-Hand Reloading.

(1) With the right hand.

o Push the magazine release button with thethumb.

o Place the safety ON with the thumb if the slideis forward.

o Place the weapon backwards into the holster.

NOTE: If placing the weapon in the holster backwardsis a problem, place the weapon between the calfand thigh to hold the weapon.

o Insert the replacement magazine.o Withdraw the weapon from the holster.o Remove the safety with the thumb if the slide is

forward, or push the slide release if the slideis back.

2-24

(2) With the left hand

o Push ';he magazine release button with the middlef inger

.

o Place the safety ON with the thumb if the slideis fprward. With the .45-caliber pistol, thethumb must be switched to the left side of theweapon.

o Place the weapon backwards into the holster.f

NOTE: If placing the weapon in the holster backwardsis a problem, place the weapon between the calfand thigh to hold the weapon*

o Insert the replacement magazine.o Remove the weapon from the holster*o Remove the safety with the thumb if the slide is

forward, or push the slide release lever with themiddle finger if the slide is back.

2-13. POOR VISIBILITY FIRING

Poor visibility firing with any weapon is diffi-cult since shadows can be misleading to the soldier.This is mainly true during BENT and EMNT (a half hourbefore dark and a half hour before dawn). Even thoughthe weapon is a short-range weapon, the hours of dark-ness and poor visibility further decrease its effect.To compensate, the soldier must use the three princi-ples of night vision.

a. Dark Adaptation. This process conditions the eyesto see during poor visibility conditions. Theeyes usually need about 30 minutes to become 98-percent dark adapted in a totally darkened area.

b. Off-Center vision. When looking at an object indaylight, a person looks directly at it. However,at night he would see the object only for a fewseconds. TO see an object in darkness, he mustconcentrate on it while looking 6° to 10° awayfrom it.

c. Scanning. This is the short, abrupt, irregularmovement of the firer's eyes around an object orarea every 4 to 10 seconds. When artificialillumination is used, the firer uses night firetechniques to engage targets, since targets seemto shift without moving.

2-25

NOTE; For more detailed information on the threeprinciples of night vision, see FM 21-75.

2-14. NUCLEAR, BIOLOGICAL, CHEMICAL FIRING

When firing under NBC conditions with a pistol orrevolver, the firer should use optical inserts, ifapplicable. Firing in M0PP1 through MOPP3 levelsshould not be a problem for the firer. unlike wearinga protective mask while firing a rifle, the firer'

s

sight picture will be acquired the same as with orwithout a protective mask. M0PP4 is the only levelthat may present a problem for a firer since glovesare worn. Gloves may require the firer to adjust hisgrip to attain a proper grip and proper triggersqueeze. Firers should practice firing in M0PP4 tobecome proficient in NBC firing.

Section III. COACHING AND TRAINING AIDS

,2-15. COACHING

a. Throughout preparatory marksmanship training, thecoach-and-pupil method of training should be used.The proficiency of a pupil depends on how well hiscoach performs his duties. The coach assists thefirer by correcting errors, ensuring he takesproper firing positions, and ensuring he observesall safety precautions. The criteria for select-ing coaches are a command responsibility; coachesmust have experience in pistol marksmanship abovethat of the student firer.

b. Duties of the coach during instruction practiceand record firing include:

(1) Checking that the—

(a) Weapon is cleared.

(b) Ammunition is clean.

(c) Magazines are clean and operational.

(2) Observing the firer to see that be-

ta) Takes the correct firing position.

(b) Loads the weapon properly and only on command.

2-26

(c) Takes up the trigger slack correctly,

(fl) Squeezes the trigger correctly (see paragraph

(e) Calls the shot each time he fires (except forquick fire and rapid fire)

.

(f) Holds his breath correctly (see paragraph 2-5).

(g) Lowers his weapon and rests his arm when he doesnot fire a round within five to six seconds,

(3) Having the firer breathe deeply several times torelax if he is tense.

2-16. BALL-AND- DUMMY METHOD

In this method the coach loads the weapon for thefirer. He may hand the firer a loaded weapon or anempty one. When firing the empty weapon, the firerobserves that in anticipating recoil he is forcing theweapon downward as the hammer falls. Repetition of theball-and-dummy method helps to alleviate recoilanticipation.

2-17. CALLING THE SHOT

To call the shot is to state where the bulletshould strike the target according to the sightpicture at the instant the weapon fires—for example:"high," "a little low," "to the left," "to the right,"or "bull's-eye." If the firer does not call his shotcorrectly in range firing, he is not concentrating onsight alignment. Consequently, he does not know whathis sight picture is as he fires. Another method ofcalling the shot is the clock system—for example, athree-ring hit at 8 o'clock, a four-ring hit at 3o'clock. Another method is to provide the firer witha target center (placed beside him on the firingline). As soon as the shot is fired, the firer mustplace a finger on the target face or center where heexpected the round to hit on the target. This methodavoids guessing and computing for the firer. Theimmediate placing of the finger on the target facegives an accurate call, if the firer does not callhis shot correctly, he is not concentrating on sightalignment and trigger squeeze. Thus, he does not knowwhat his sight picture is as the weapon fires.

2-27

2-18. PENCIL TRIANGULATION EXERCISE

The pencil tr iangulation exercise (see Figure2-25) is conducted only with an unloaded and properlycleared H1911A1 caliber .45 pistol. It will not workwith an M9 pistol; however, coaches may have studentsdry fire the M9 while he observes the firers to see ifthe front sight dips or jumps when the hammer falls.The pencil triangulation exercise consists of firing apencil or pointed dowel point-blank at a miniaturetarget. It combines position, grip, sight alignment,breathing, and trigger squeeze into a single practicalwork exercise. At the same time, it measures thefirer's performance without the effects of recoil.This practical work is designed to teach and developcorrect shooting habits* It can be conducted indoorsor out, which makes an ideal exercise where rangefacilities are limited or when weather is poor.

2/3 LENGTH OF PENCIL 1 /2 INCH PROM ERASER

Figure 2-25. pencil triangulation exercise,

a. Equipment.

(1) One dowel or lead pencil for every two students.This pencil should be at least 6 inches long andwrapped with masking or cellophane tape. Thetape wrappings form two bushings that fit theinside diameter of the weapon's barrel*

2-28

(2) One miniature bull's-eye sheet for every twostudents. The bull's-eye sheet can be copied,drawn, or stamped by using the eraser of a penciland ink pad. The bull's-eyes should not be largerthan 1/8 inch and at least 1 inch apart.

b. Conduct of the Exercise. The instructor explainsand demonstrates the details of the exercisebefore practical work by the students* The firershould begin by using a two-hand grip, progressingto the one-hand grip as his skills increase.

(1) The firer faces the target and takes up a goodshooting position. This position is close enoughto the miniature bull's-eye so when the pencil isinserted into the barrel, with the firer' s armextended and the sights aimed at the miniaturebull's-eye, the point of the pencil is within 1inch of the target* The bull's-eye sheet shouldbe affixed to a target, or any type support, andshould be shoulder-high to the firer.

(2) The firer inserts the pencil into the muzzle ofthe barrel, eraser end first, and cocks thehammer. He grips the weapon properly, extends theshooting arm, aims the weapon at the miniaturebull's-eye, squeezes the trigger, and the hammerfalls. The hammer strikes the firing pin, whichin turn strikes the rubber eraser of the pencil,driving it out of the barrel and causing it tomake a pencil dot 1/2 inch below the bull's-eye(if the firer had the correct sight alignment andtrigger squeeze)

.

(3) The firer continues this exercise until he hasfired a group of five pencil marks below eachtarget. The object of the exercise is to keep thefive pencil marks in a group as small as the1/8-inch bull's-eye, 1/2 inch directly below thebull's-eye. With practice, many firers can hitthe same mark with the pencil. This indicatesthat the firer is properly performing the funda-mentals of marksmanship each time.

2-15. SLOW-FIRE EXERCISE

a. This is a dry-fire exercise* The slow-fireexercise is one of the most important exercisesfor both amateur and competitive marksmen. Coachesshould ensure soldiers practice this exercise as

2-29

much as possible. To perform the slow-fire exer-cise, the firer assumes the standing position withthe weapon pointed at the target. The firershould begin by using a two-hand grip, progressingto the one-hand grip as his skill increases* Hetakes in a normal breath and lets part of it out,locking the remainder in his lungs by closing histhroat* He then relaxes, aims at the target,takes the correct sight alignment and sightpicture, takes up the trigger slack, and squeezesthe trigger straight to the rear with steady,increasing pressure until the hammer falls,simulating firing

.

If the firer does not cause the hammer to fall in

5 or € seconds, he should come to the pistol readyposition, and rest his arm and hand- He thenstarts the procedure again. The action sequencethat makes up this process can be summed up by thekey word BRASS* It is a word the firer shouldthink of each time he fires his weapon:

Breathe—Take a normal breath, let part of itout, and lock the remainder in the lungsby closing the throat.

Relax—Relax the body muscles.

Aim—Take correct sight alignment and sightpicture, and focus the eye at the top ofthe front sight.

Slack—Take up the trigger slack.

Squeeze—Squeeze the trigger straight to the rearwith steadily increasing pressure withoutdisturbing sight alignment until thehammer falls.

Coaches should observe the front sight for erraticmovements during the application of triggersqueeze. Proper application of trigger squeezeallows the hammer to fall without the front sightmoving. A small bouncing movement of the frontsight is acceptable. Firer's should call the shotby the direction of movement of the front sight(high, low, left, or right)*

20. AIR-OPERATED PISTOL, *177 MM

The air-operated pistol is used as a trainingvice to teach the soldier the method of quick fire.

to increase confidence in his ability, and to affordhim more practice firing, A range can be set upalmost anywhere with a minimum of effort and coordi-nation, which is ideal for USAR and NG. if conductedon a standard range, live firing of pistols andrevolvers can be conducted along with the firing ofthe .177-mm air-operated pistol. Due to light recoiland little noise of the pistol, the soldier canconcentrate on fundamentals. This helps buildconfidence, because the soldier can hit a targetfaster and accurately. The air-operated pistol shouldreceive the same respect as any firearm. A thoroughexplanation of the weapon and a safety briefing aregiven to each soldier.

2-21. QUICK-FIRE TARGET TRAINING DEVICE

The QTTD (see Figures 2-26 and 2-27) is used withthe .177-mm air-operated pistol.

Figure 2-26. The quick-fire target training device.

PHASE I. From 10 feet, five shots at a 20-footminiature E-type silhouette. After firing eachshot, the firer and coach discuss the results andmake corrections.

PHASE II. From 15 feet, five shots afc a 20-footminiature E-type silhouette. The same instruc-tions apply to this exercise as for PHASE I.

2-31

20 FEET

3/4* 4 7/lfl'

1/4'

1&FIET

1 3/1 «'

2 n/ir

io Feet

Figure 2-27* Dimensions for the QTTO.

PHASE III. From 20 feet, five shots at a 20-footminiature E-type silhouette. The sameinstructions apply to this exercise as for PHASESI and ii.

2-32

PHASE iv. From 15 feet, six shots, at two 20-footminiature E-type silhouettes.

(1) This exercise is conducted the same as theprevious one, except that the firer is introducedto fire distribution . The targets on the QTTD areheld in the up position so they cannot be knockeddown when hit.

(2) The firer first engages the 20-foot miniatureE-type silhouette on the extreme right of theQTTD (see Figure 2-28) . He then traverses betweentargets and engages the same type target on theextreme left of the QTTD. The firer again shiftsback to reengage the first target* The procedureis used to teach the firer to instinctively returnto the first target if he misses it with his firstshot.

20 FT

ASSEMBLY INSTRUCTION*

1- DRILL HOLE FOR STEEL ROD, BACH END OF2X4THATISB65VLONQ.2. ATTACH END OF METAL BAR IXBWTO EACH ROD TO ALLOW

THE BAR TO MOVE UP AND DOWN.». USE THE, 2X4 THAT IS 24" LONQ AS LEQ. ATTACH TO EACH

END OF 2X4 THAT IB BBW" LONG.4

" SJiVi* 174 " MOte AT T0P 0F ia " METAL

S- WELD METAL 8 TRIP TO HINGES.«, ATTACH HINGES TO 2X4 (WVil. MAKE SURE ONE SIDE IS FREE

TO MOVE UP AND DOWN.7. TARGET STOPS8. WIRE GUIDE BLOCK9. GUIDE EVE

Figure 2-28. Miniature E-type silhouettefor use with QTTD.

2-33

Figure 2-28. Miniature E-type silhouettefor use with QTTD (continued)

.

2-34

Figure 2-28. Miniature E-type silhouettefor use with QTTD (continued)

.

(3) The firer performs this exercise twice, firingthree shots each time. Before firing the second time,the coach and firer should discuss the errors madeduring the first exercise.

PHASE v. Seven shots fired from 20, 15, and 10feet at miniature E-type silhouettes.

(1) The firer starts this exercise 30 feet from theQTTD. The command, MOVE OUT, is given, and thefirer s£eps out at a normal pace with the weaponheld in the ready position, upon the command,FIRE (given at the 20-foot line), the firerassumes the crouch position and engages the20-foot miniature E-type silhouette on the extreme

2-35

right of the QTTD. He then traverses betweentargets, engages the same type target on theextreme left of the QTTD/ and shifts back to thefirst target. If the target is still up, heengages it. The firer then assumes the standingposition and returns the weapon to the readyposition- upon completion of each exercise, thecoach makes corrections as the firer returns tothe standing position.

(2) On the command, MOVE OUT, the firer again stepsoff at a normal pace. Upon the command, FIRE{given at the 15-foot line) , he engages the15-foot targets on the QTTD. The same sequence offire distribution is followed as with the previousexercise.

(3) During thiB exercise, the firer moves forward oncommand, until he reaches the 10-foot line. Atthe command, FIRE, the firer engages the 10-footminiature E-type silhouette in the center of theQTTD.

2-22. RANGE FIRING COURSES

Range firing is conducted after the firers havesatisfactorily completed preparatory marksmanshiptraining. The range firing courses are:

a. Instructional firing is practice firing on arange, using the assistance of a coach.

(1) All personnel authorized or required to fire thepistol or revolver receive 12 hours of preliminaryinstruction that includes the following:

o Disassembly and assembly (does not apply torevolver)

.

o Loading, firing, unloading, and immediate action,o Preparatory marksmanship,o Care and cleaning.

(2) The tables fired for instructional practice areprescribed in the combat piBtol qualificationcourse in Appendix A and in the revolver qualifi-cation course in Appendix C. During the instruc-tional firing, the CPQC or RQC is fired with acoach or instructor.

NOTE: The RQC is fired on the same range as the CPQC)for a picture of the CPQC see FM 25-7.

2-36

b. The CPQC stresses the fundamentals of quick fire.It is the final test of a soldier's proficiencyand the basis for his marksmanship classification*After the soldier has completed the instructionalpractice firing he will shoot the CPQC for record.A detailed description of the CPQC tables,standards, and conduct of fire is in Appendix A*

NOTE: The alternate pistol qualification course(APQC) or alternate revolver qualificationcourse (ARQC) can be used for sustainment/qualification if the CPQC is not available{see Appendix B and Appendix D)

.

c. The military police firearms qualificationcourse is a practical course of instruction forpolice firearms training (see FM 19-10)

•

Section IV. SAFETY

Safety must be observed during all marksmanshiptraining. Listed below are the precautions for eachphase of training. It is not intended to replace AR385-63 or local range regulations. Range safetyrequirements vary according to the requirements of thecourse of fire. It is mandatory that the latest rangesafety directives and local range regulations beconsulted to determine current safety requirements.

2-23. REQUIREMENTS

a. A red flag is displayed prominently on the rangeduring all firing.

b. Weapons must be handled carefully and are neverpointed at anyone except the enemy in actualcombat.

c. A weapon is always assumed loaded until it hasbeen thoroughly examined and found to contain noammunition.

d. Firing limits are indicated by red-and-white-striped poles visible to all firers.

e. Obstructions should never be placed in the muzzleof any weapon about to be fired.

ft Weapons are kept in a prescribed area with propersafeguards.

2-37

9* Smoking is not allowed on the range nearammunition/ explosives, or flammables.

2-24, BEFORE FIRING

a. All prescribed roadblocks ana barriers are closed,and guards are posted.

b. All weapons are checked to ensure they are clearof ammunition and obstructions, and slides arelocked to the rear*

c. All firers are briefed on the firing limits of therange and firing lanes. They must keep theirfires within prescribed limits.

d. All firers are instructed on how to load andunload the weapon, and on safety features.

e. All personnel are briefed on all safety aspects offire and range pertaining to the conduct of thecourses .

f. no one moves forward of the firing line withoutpermission of the tower operator, safety officer,

: or oic.

g. Weapons are loaded and unlocked only on commandfrom the tower operator except during the conductof the courses requiring automatic magazinechanges.

h . Weapons are not handled except on command from thetower operator.

i. Firers must keep their weapons pointed downrangewhen loading, preparing to fire, or firing.

2-25. DURING FIRING

a. A firer does not move from his position until hisweapon has been cleared by safety personnel, andit has been placed in its proper safety position.An exception is the assault phase.

b. During Table 5 of the CPQC, firers remain on linewith other firers on their right or left.

c. Firers are careful to fire in their own firinglane and not to point the weapon into an adjacentlane, mainly during the assault phase.

2-3B

m4

d. The air-operated pistol is treated as a loadedweapon. Firers observe the same safetyprecautions as with other weapons*

e. All personnel wear helmets during live-fireexercises.

f« The weapon is held in the raised position exceptwhen preparing to fire. It is then held in theready position, pointed downrange.

2-26. AFTER FIRING

a* Safety personnel inspect all weapons to ensurethey are clear. A check is conducted to determineif any brass or live ammunition is in possessionof BOldiers.

b. Once cleared, pistols are secured with the slideslocked to the rear, and revolvers with cylindersopen.

2-27. INSTRUCTIONAL PRACTICE AND RECORD QUALIFICATIONFIRING

During these phases of firing, safety personnelensure that the—

a* Firer understands the conduct of the exercise.

b. Firer has the required ammunition, and understandsthe commands for loading and unloading.

c. Firer complies with all commands from the toweroperator

.

d. Proper alignment is maintained with other firerswhile moving downrange.

e. Weapon is always pointed downrange.

f. Firer fires within the prescribed range limits.

g* Weapon is cleared after each phase of firing, andthe tower-operator is aware of the clearance*

2-39

h* Malfunction or failure to fire, due to no faultthe firer, is reported immediately. On commandthe tower operator, the weapon is cleared andaction is taken to allow the firer to continuewith the exercise.

NOTE: For training and qualification standards seeAppendixes A through E.

*

, I- .v

2-40

APPENDIX A

COMBAT PISTOL QUALIFICATION COURSE

A-l. COURSE INFORMATION

a. The CPQC may be used for both the pistol andrevolver (for use with revolvers see Appendix C)

.

It requires the soldier to engage single andmultiple targets at various ranges using thefundamentals of quick fire, if the CPQC is notavailable, training may still be sustained andqualification achieved by using the APQC or ARQC.

NOTEs For a picture of the CPQC, see FM 25-7.

b. For each table of the CPQC, the firer is affordedextra rounds to reengage targets that are missed*During the course, 30 targets are exposed to thefirer. However, 40 rounds of ammunition areissued with which to engage the exposed targets.A soldier who can reengage a target with an extraround during the exposure time is just aseffective as one who hits the target with oneround. The firer is not penalized for using ornot using the extra ammunition. All excessammunition is turned in after the completion ofeach table and may not be used during subsequenttables.

c. Two magazine changes are required when firing theCPQC. For safety purposes, one magazine containsone round of ammunition and is loaded first. Atarget appears in front of the firer, and heengages it. Eight seconds later, another targetappears. During the eight-second delay, the firermust reload the weapon and be prepared to engagethe next exposed target. There are no commandsfrom range personnel or coaches for the* magazinechange. If the firer fails to reload his pistolin time to engage the next target, it is scored asa miss. This exercise teaches the soldier toquickly and safely change his magazine by instinctunder pressure.

A-l

NOTE: When using the M9 pistol, the firer fires thefirst round in the double-action mode for alltables

.

d. The range to exposed targets does not exceed 31meters from the firer* Target exposure timeB areas follows;

(1) Tables 1/ II, and III:

(a) Single targets -

(b) Multiple targets

(2) Tables IV and V:

(a) Single targets ----- two seconds.

(b) Multiple targets - - - - four seconds*

A- 2. FIRING THE CPQC

NOTE: The target sequence is decided by the toweroperators but is the same for all lanes. Thisprevents firers from getting ahead of firers inadjoining lanes* Target sequence will vary indistance from the firer, starting with 31meters and allowing no more than two 7-metertargets

.

a. Qualification tables are as follows:

NOTE: Tower controls all reloading for revolvers.

j£feie-_i ! 0ne magazine with seven rounds, and fivetargets exposed. The standing position is assumedat the firing line with the weapon held at theready position. Only single targets are exposedto the firer in this table. Target sequence isdecided by the tower operator.

Table ii : One magazine with one round, onemagazine with seven rounds, and six targetsexposed. The firer assumes the same position onthe firing line as in Table I. There are foursingle targets and one set of multiple targetsexposed to the firer.

(a) The magazine with one round is loaded into theweapon—one target is then exposed to the firer.

- - - - three seconds.

- - - - five seconds.

(b) After firing the pistol, the firer must changemagazines at once. Three seconds after the targetappears, the target is lowered if not hit.

(c) Eight seconds later, another target appears.Again, the firer must engage this target in therequired time, or it is scored a miss.

(3) Table III : One magazine with seven rounds isloaded . Five targets are exposed—fired followingrotation to another firing point. The firerassumes the same position on the firing line as inTables I and II. Three single targets and one setof multiple targets are exposed to the firer.Target sequence is usually single, multiple,multiple, single, and multiple.

(4) Table IV : One magazine with five rounds isloaded . Pour targets are exposed starting withthe same position used in the previous tables.Two single targets and one sot of multiple targetsare exposed to the firer.

{5) Table V s One magazine with one round, onemagazine with seven rounds, one magazine with fiverounds, and ten targets exposed. The firer begins10 meters behind the firing line in the middle ofthe trail.

(a) The magazine containing one round is loaded intothe pistol. The firer places the magazinecontaining seven rounds in his magazine pouchwhere it is closest to the firing hand. Themagazine containing five rounds is placed in themagazine pouch farthest from the firing hand.

{b) When the firer reaches the firing line, a singletarget is exposed for two seconds, then lowered ifnot hit. There is an eight-second delay to allowthe firer to change magazines. The seven-roundmagazine should be loaded at this time.

(c) At the end of eight seconds, another single targetis exposed to the firer. Again, should the firernot have loaded his second magazine in time toengage this target, it is scored a miss.

{d) When the tower operator is sure that the firingline has completed the magazine change, he givesthe command, MOVE OUT. He exposes two sets ofmultiple targets at various ranges from the firer.

A-

3

(e) After exposure of two sets of multiple targets,the pistol is reloaded with the five-roundmagazine. The command, MOVE OUT, is given; and theremaining targets are presented to the firer insequence. After the last targets are hit orlowered, the weapon is cleared*

(f) The firer, holding the weapon in the raised pistolposition with the slide to the rear, returns tothe starting point and places the weapon on thestand. Excess ammunition is turned in to theammunition point. The next order moves to thefiring line.

b. The same course is fired for night qualification.It is based on a GO/NO-GO scoring system: 5

target hits equal a GO; 10 seconds are allowed foreach round.

c. The same course is fired for NBC qualification.It is based on a GO/NO-GO scoring system: 7target hits equal a GO; 10 seconds are allowed foreach round.

NOTE: Night and NBC qualification is required IAW DA

Pam 350-38.

A- 3. CONDUCT OF FIRE

When the weapon is being fired, firers are issuedthe rounds required to fire a specific table. Thefollowing list of commands outlines a step-by-stepsequence for conducting range firing on the CPQC.

a . Table I .

(1) The tower operator orders firers to move to thefiring line in preparation for firing. The toweroperator orders firers to position themselves nextto the weapon stands and secure their weapons.Magazines containing seven rounds are issued tothe scorers and given to the firers.

(2) The tower operator commands:

TABLE ONE, SEVEN ROUNDS.LOAD AND LOCK*READY ON THE RIGHT*READY ON THE LEFT.READY ON THE FIRING LINE.UNLOCK YOUR WEAPONS.WATCH YOUR LANE.

A-4

(3) The tower operator exposes the targets to thefirers. When all targets have been exposed andengaged or lowered, the tower operator commands;

CEASE FIRE

.

CLEAR ALL WEAPONS.CLEAR ON THE RIGHT.CLEAR ON THE LEFT.THE FIRING LINE IS CLEAR.FIRERS, PLACE YOUR WEAPONS ON THE STANDS

b. Table II .

(1) The tower operator orders firers to secure theirweapons. One magazine of one round and onemagazine of seven rounds are issued to thefirers

.


TABLE TWO, EIGHT ROUNDS.LOAD AND LOCK*READY ON THE RIGHT.READY ON THE LEFT.READY ON THE FIRING LINE.UNLOCK YOUR WEAPONS.WATCH YOUR LANE.

(3) The tower operator exposes the targets to thefirers. When all targets have been exposed andengaged or lowered, the tower operator commands

CEASE FIRE.CLEAR ALL WEAPONS.CLEAR ON THE RIGHT.CLEAR ON THE LEFT.THE FIRING LINE IS CLEAR.FIRERS t KEEP YOUR WEAPONS POINTED UPAND DOWNRANGE.

MOVE TO THE FIRING POINT TO YOURRIGHT.

c. Table in .

(1) The tower operator orders the firers to positionthemselves next to the weapon stands. Onemagazine of seven rounds is issued to the firers

A-

5


TABLE THREE, SEVEN ROUNDS.LOAD AND LOCKREADY OH THE RIGHT.READY ON THE LEFT.READY ON THE FIRING LINE.UNLOCK YOUR WEAPONS

•

WATCH YOUR LANE.

(3) The tower operator exposes the targets to thefirers. When all targets have been exposed andengaged or lowered* the tower operator commands:

CEASE FIRE.CLEAR ALL WEAPONS.CLEAR ON THE RIGHT.CLEAR ON THE LEFT.THE FIRING LINE IS CLEAR.FIRERS, PLACE YOUR WEAPONS ON THE STAND

.

d. Table IV .

(1) The tower operator orders the firers to securetheir weapons and move to the center of the trail.Firers are issued one magazine of five rounds.


TABLE FOUR, FIVE ROUNDS

.

LOAD AND LOCK.READY ON THE RIGHT.READY ON THE LEFT.READY ON THE FIRING LINE.UNLOCK YOUR WEAPONS*WATCH YOUR LANE.

(3) The tower operator exposes the targets to thefirers. When all targets have been exposed andengaged or lowered, the tower operator commands:

CEASE FIRE.CLEAR ALL WEAPONS.CLEAR ON THE RIGHT

•

CLEAR ON THE LEFT.THE FIRING LINE IS CLEAR.FIRERS, PLACE YOUR WEAPONS ON THE STAND

TO THE REAR OF THE FIRING LINE

.

e. Table V .

(1) The tower operator orders the firers to securetheir weapons. Firers are issued one magazine of

A- 6

one round, one magazine of seven rounds, and onemagazine of five rounds.


TABLE FIVE, THIRTEEN ROUNDS.LOAD AND LOCK.READY ON THE RIGHT*READY ON THE LEFT*READY ON THE FIRING LINE.PISTOLS AT THE READY POSITION.UNLOCK YOUR WEAPON.WATCH YOUR LANE.MOVE OUT.

(3) The tower operator exposes the targets to the

£mci££

a He 9lves the fêrs the commands, WEAPONSAT THE READY POSITION and MOVE OUT, after eachtarget or group of targets has been engaged.

(4) Upon completion of Table v F the tower operatorcommands:

CEASE FIRE.CLEAR ALL WEAPONS.CLEAR ON THE RIGHT.CLEAR ON THE LEFT.THE FIRING LINE IS CLEAR.FIRERS, KEEP YOUR WEAPONS UP AND DOWN-

RANGE.SCORERS AND FIRERS MOVE BACK TO THEFIRING LINE AND PLACE YOUR WEAPONSON THE STAND.

(5) The tower operator has each scorer total thefi£?

r,s 3Corecara> and turn it in to the rangeofficer or his representative. The firing ordersare rotated and the above sequence continued untilall orders have fired.

NOTEi

For night qualification and NBC qualification,the same course is used. Ten seconds isallowed for each round.

A-4. ALIBIS

a. Alibis are fired at the completion of eachtable from the position where the alibi occurred.Fire commands that apply to the table are used tofire an alibi.

A-

7

ta* If a malfunction of weapon or targets occursduring firing from stationary positions, the firerreports the malfunction, and keeps his weaponpointed up and downrange. Should the malfunctionoccur during Table v, the firer keeps his weaponpointed up and downrange. He continues to moveforward, keeping aligned with the firers to hisright and left.

A- 5. RULES

Rules governing firing the CPQC are as follows:

a. Coaching. Coaching is not allowed during recordfiring. No person may give or try to give helpwhile the firer is taking his position or after hehas taken his position at the firing point* Eachfirer must observe the location of the target in

his own lane. During the instructional firing, thecoach and assistant instructors should assist thefirer in correcting errors.

M

b. Accidental Discharges. All shots fired by the

firer are scored after he has taken his place onthe firing lane. Even if the weapon is notdirected toward a target or is accidentallydischarged, a replacement round is not issued.

c. Firing on the Wrong Target. Shots fired on thewrong target are entered as a miss on the firing

scorecard. A firer is credited with hits heattains in his own firing lane.

d. Firing After the Signal to Lower Targets. Anyshot fired by a firer after targets start to lowerare scored as a miss.

e* More Than One Shot Fired at an E-Type Silhouettej

Target. The firer is credited with a hit if thehit is made during the target exposure time. Thenumber of rounds fired to obtain the hit is

immaterial.j

f. Excess Ammunition at the End of a Firing Table.Excess ammunition from each table is turned in tothe ammunition point and not used by the firer forsubsequent tables.

g. Target Sequence. The target sequence is decidedby the tower operator but is the same for alllanes. This prevents firers from getting ahead of

A-8

firers in adjoining lanes. Target sequence willvary in distance from the firer, starting with 31meters and allowing no more than two 7-metertargets.

A-6. SCORECARD

a. use. The scorecard outlines instructional firingand qualification firing (CPQC) (see Figure A-1).Numbers in column labeled TGT (target) are not thesequence in which targets are exposed. They arethe numerical identification of targets to beengaged during each table of fire*

rem luc op thii ro*» BBS PM M-MiJ||Bfe4

(UHi

$

1 ItiwwJi —r~>*

1

3 WiiUIOTAI

TOTAL

HI

1—T"

S fecorxb 4

TOTAL

TA fell V1 H(>l—

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Figure A-1. Sample scorecard, DA Form 88

A-

9

b. Scoring. Each time a target is hit or killed* anX is placed in the column labeled HITs. The valueof a hit is 10 points. Upon completion of firingthe CPQC, the scorer totals and signs thescorecard. Qualification standards are listed in

the bottom right corner on the record firing sideof the scorecard. They are:

Unqualified - below 160.NBC and Night Firing is on a GO/NO-GO

scoring system and recorded in theremarks column.

Night: 5 target hits « GO.NBC: 7 target hits » GO.

c. Supply of Forms* DA Form 86 is available throughnormal publications supply channels.

A-7. TARGETS

Seven electric target device targets and E-typesilhouettes for each firing lane are required.Aggressor figures may be superimposed on thesilhouettes to add realism to the course of fire.

A-8. QUICK-TARGET TRAINING DEVICE

The QTTD may be procured locally. For durabilityand appearance, it should be made by the training aidssection or an equally capable agency.

ExpertSharpshooterMarksman

260 to 300.210 to 2S0.160 to 200.

A-10

APPENDIX B

ALTERNATE PISTOL QUALIFICATION COURSE

B-1. PROCEDURES

Once the soldier has completed instructionalfiring, he must then fire the CPQC for record. If thecpqc xs not available, the soldier can fire the APQC.

a. Procedures for firing the APQC are as follows,given 40 rounds of ammunition, fire Tables 1through 4.

(1) Table 1: Engage the 25-meter APQC target from thestanding position with 7 rounds of ammunition;given one 7-round magazine on a 25-raeter rangeduring daylight hours. Within 21 seconds engagethe APQC target from the standing position.

(2) Table 2 s Engage the 25-meter APQC target from theKneeling position with 13 rounds? given twomagazines, one 6-round and one 7-round, on a25-meter range during hours of daylight. Within45 seconds, from a standing position, assume agood kneeling position, engage the target with 6rounds, perform a rapid magazine change, andengage the target with a 7-round magazine.

(3) Table 3: Engage the 25-meter APQC target from thecrouch position with 10 rounds; given twomagazines with 5 rounds each on a 25-meter rangeduring daylight hours. Within 35 seconds, from astanding position, assume a good crouch position,engage the target with one 5-round magazine,perform a rapid magazine change, and engage thetarget with the second 5-round magazine.

(4) Table 4: Engage the 25-meter APQC t-arget from theprone position with 10 rounds; given two magazineswith 5 rounds each on a 25-meter range duringdayliqht hours. Within 35 seconds from a standingposition, assume a good prone position, engage the

B-l

target with one 5-round magazine, perform a rapidmagazine change, and engage the target with thesecond 5-round magazine.

b. Firing pistol Under Night Conditions. Engage the25-meter target from the crouch position with 30rounds; given two 1 5-round magazines of M9 9-mm

ammunition or four 7-round magazines and one2-round magazine of M1911A1 ammunition on a25-meter range under night conditions. Given 10seconds for each round, engage E-type silhouetteswith 10 rounds. Conduct magazine changes withoutcommand. Tower will allow 8 seconds for eachmagazine change.

c. Firing Pistol Under NBC Conditions. Engage a

25-meter target from a crouch position with 20rounds; given one 15-round magazine and one5-round magazine of M9 9-mm ammunition or two7-round magazines and one 6-round magazine ofM1911A1 ammunition on a 25-meter range undersimulated NBC conditions. During daylight hours,given 10 seconds for each round, engage E-typesilhouettes with 20 rounds of ammunition. Conductmagazine changes without command. Tower willallow 10 seconds for each magazine change.

NOTE: When using the 9-mm pistol, the first round is

fired in the double-action mode for all fourtables. Night and NBC qualification isrequired IAW DA Para 350-38.

B-2. CONDUCT OF FIRE

a. The following commands outline a step-by-stepsequence for conducting range firing on the APQC.

(1) Table 1 : Standing position.

(a) The tower operator gives the order to move to thefiring line and to prepare to fire. The magazinecontaining seven rounds is issued to the scorerand given to the firer on command. The toweroperator commands

;

TABLE ONE, STANDING POSITION, SEVENROUNDS

.

LOAD AND LOCK*IS THE LINE READY?

(The 9-mm firers place their weapons in thedouble-action mode at this time.)

B-2

THE FIRING LINE IS READY.FIRERS, WATCH YOUR LANE

I

(b) At the end of prescribed firing time, the toweroperator commands:

CEASE FIRE.ARE THERE ANY ALIBIS?

(Alibis are given eight seconds for each round notfired.)

NOTE; For more information see paragraph B-3.

UNLOAD AND CLEAR ALL WEAPONS.IS THE FIRING LINE CLEAR?THE FIRING LINE IS NOW CLEAR.FIRERS AND SCORERS MOVE DOWNRANGE ANDCHECK YOUR TARGETS

•

(Weapons are left on firing line with slides locked tothe rear.)

NOTE; Clear, lock open, and leave weapons on thetable, or stand weapons at the firing line whenthe firer and scorer go downrange to scoretheir target.

(2) Table 2 : Kneeling position.

The tower operator orders firer s to move up to thefiring line. Two magazines containing six rounds andseven rounds each are issued to the scorer to beto the firer on command. The tower operatorcommands

.

given

TABLE TWO, KNEELING POSITION WITHMAGAZINE CHANGE, FORTY-FIVE SECONDS.

LOCK AND LOAD ONE SIX- ROUND MAGAZINELOAD YOUR SEVEN-ROUND MAGAZINE WITHOUT

COMMAND.

NOTE: The following commands are the same as forTable l.

(3) Table 3 : Crouch position.

The tower operator orders firers to move up to thefiring line. Scorers are issued two 5-round magazinesto be issued to the firer on command. The toweroperator commands:

B-3

TABLE THREE, CROUCH POSITION WITHMAGAZINE CHANGE, THIRTY-FIVE SECONDS

•

LOAD YOUR SECOND FIVE-ROUND MAGAZINEWITHOUT COMMAND.

NOTE: The following commands are the same as for

Tables 1 and 2.

Table 4 : Prone position.

The tower operator orders firers to move to thefiring line. Firers are issued two 5-round magazines.

The tower operator orders:

TABLE FOUR, PRONE POSITION WITH MAGAZINECHANGE, THIRTY-FIVE SECONDS.

LOAD YOUR SECOND FIVE-ROUND MAGAZINEWITHOUT COMMAND.

NOTE: The following commands are the same as forTables 1, 2, and 3.

(5) The scorer and firer repair or replace targets forthe next firing order.

b. The commands for the pistol night fire for recordare as rollows:

(1) The tower operator orders to move to the firingline and to prepare to fire. Two magazines of ISrounds of M9 ammunition or four 7-round magazinesand one 2-round magazine of M1911AI ammunition areissued to firers.


NIGHT FIRE, CROUCH POSITION WITHMAGAZINE CHANGES.LOAD OTHER MAGAZINES WITHOUT COMMAND.LOAD AND LOCK ONE MAGAZINE.

(M1911A1 firers must load their two-round magazinefirst.)

IS THE FIRING LINE READY?

(M9 firers must place their weapons in thedouble-action mode.)

THE FIRING LINE IS READY

.

FIRERS, WATCH YOUR LANE.

B-4

(3) At the end of the prescribed firing time, thetower operator commands:

CEASE FIRE,ARE THERE ANY ALIBIS?

(Alibis are given 10 seconds for each round notfired.)

UNLOAD AND CLEAR ALL WEAPONS

•

IS THE FIRING LINE CLEAR?THE FIRING LINE IS NOW CLEAR.FIRERS AND SCORERS MOVE DOWNRANGE ANDCHECK YOUR TARGETS.

(Weapons are left on the firing line with slideslocked to the rear.)

c. The commands for the pistol NBC fire tor recordare as follows:

(1) The tower operator orders to move to the firingline and to prepare to fire. Firer is given one15-round magazine and one 5-round magazine of M9ammunition or two 7-round magazines and one6-round magazine of M1911A1 ammunition.


NBC FIRE, CROUCH POSITION WITH MAGAZINECHANGE

.

LOAD OTHER MAGAZINES WITHOUT COMMAND.LOAD AND LOCK ONE MAGAZINE.

(M9 firers load 5-round magazine first; M1911A1 firersload 6-round magazine first.)

IS THE FIRING LINE READY?

(M9 firers must place their weapons in thedouble-action mode.)

THE FIRING LINE IS READY.FIRERS, WATCH YOUR LANE.

(3) At the end of the prescribed firing time, thetower operator commands:

CEASE FIRE*ARE THERE ANY ALIBIS?

B-5

(Alibis are given 8 seconds for each round not fired.)

UNLOAD AND CLEAR ALL WEAPONS.IS THE FIRING LINE CLEAR?THE FIRING LINE IS NOW CLEAR.FIRERS AND SCORERS MOVE DOWNRANGE ANDCHECK YOUR TARGETS.

(Weapons are left on the firing line with slideslocked to the rear.)

NOTE; Excess ammunition at the end of a firing table

is turned in to the scorer and not used by thefirer in subsequent tables. At the end of the

course , all excess ammunition is turned in to

the ammunition point.

B-3. ALIBIS

If there is a malfunction of the weapon or target

during firing , the scorer reports and records themalfunction. The firer is allowed one alibi (eightseconds for each round) at the completion of eachtable. All alibis are fired from the position inwhich the alibis occur. Firing commands that applyare used to fire alibis.

B-4. SCORING

a. The firer is scored on the number of targethits during the time limit. The firer mustachieve at least 24 hits with a minimum score of80 points to qualify. The target hits aremultiplied by the number inside the scoring ringsto determine the score. No credit is given forrounds fired after the command CEASE FIRE. Shotsthat touch the next higher scoring ring are scoredthe next higher value. (See Figure B-l.)

b. The qualification scores ares

Expert - 160 to 200.Sharpshooter - 120 to 159.Marksman - 80 to 119.NBC and night firing are done on a GO/

NO-GO scoring system and recorded inremarks column.

B-6

NBC i 7 target hits = GO.Night; 5 target hits = GO.

NOTE; See format for scorecard in Figure B-2.

c. Coaching is allowed during instructional firingbut not during record Eire. No one may assistwhile the firer is taking position or after takingposition at the firing point except for safetyreasons.

Figure B-l. The 25-meter E-type silhouettewith rings (NSN 6920-01-276-6604).

B-7

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Figure B-2. Example of completedAlternate pistol Qualification Course form.

NOTE: See Appendix F foe blank copy of this formfor local reproduction.

B-8

APPENDIX C

REVOLVER QUALIFICATION COURSE

C-l. COURSE INFORMATION

a The CPQC is used for both pistols and revolvers.This appendix outlines its use with revolvers only(for use with pistols see Appendix A)* The CPQCrequires the soldier to engage single and multipletimed targets at various ranges using thefundamentals of quick firy. If a CPQC is notavailable, training and qualification may beconducted using the standard 25-meter range andthe ARQC (see Appendix D}

.

NOTE: For range design and layout of the CPQC , see FM25-7.

b. For each table of the RQC , the firer is affordedextra rounds to reengage targets that are missed.During the course 30 targets are presented to thefirer; however, the firer is given 40 rounds toengage these targets. A firer who cansuccessfully reengage the target with a secondround during the exposure time is just aseffective as a firer who hits the target with thefirst round. The firer is not penalized for usingor not using the extra rounds he is allocated.All excess ammunition is turned in at the end ofeach table and is not used for subsequent tables.

c. All reloads will be controlled by the toweroperator. If the firer fails to engage a targetwithin the timed exposure, that target is scoredas a miss. This teaches him to quickly apply thefundamentals of pistol marksmanship under stress.

d- The range to exposed targets does not exceed 31meters from the firer* Target exposure times areas follows

(1) Tables I, II, and III:

(a) Single targets three seconds.

C-l

(b) Multiple targets five seconds.

(2) Tables IV and V:

(a) Single targets two seconds

(b) Multiple targets four seconds.

C-2. FIRING THE RQC

NOTE. Target sequence is decided by the toweroperator, but is the same for all lanes toprevent firers from getting in front of otherfirers in adjoining lanes Targets will varyin distance to the firers, starting at 31meters and allowing no more than two 7-metertargets.

a. Qualification tables are as follows:

t 1 * Table I : The revolver is loaded with six rounds.The standing position is assumed at the firingline with the weapon in the ready position. Fourtargets are exposed. The tower operator controlsthe reloading of the last round, followed by theexposure of the last target. Firers are remindedbefore the beginning of the table that they willhave only seven rounds for five targets,

(2) Table II : The revolver is loaded with six rounds.Two single and one set of multiple targets areexposed before reloading is conducted undercontrol of the tower operator. The remaining tworounds are loaded, and the last two single targetsare exposed. The firer is advised before thestart of the table that he will only have eightrounds with which to engage the six targets.Firers assume the same position as Table I.

(3) Table III ; The revolver is loaded with sixrounds . One single and one set of multipletargets are exposed, followed by the reloading ofthe last round under the control of the toweroperator. The remaining two single targets arethen exposed to the firer. Firers are remindedbefore the start of the table that they will haveseven rounds to engage five targets.

C-2

(4) Table IV : The revolver is loaded with fiverounds. Two single and one multiple target areexposed to the firer. No reloading takes place inthis table.

(5) Ta ble V : Firers are given 13 rounds. Ten targetsare exposed throughout the table. The firerbegins 10 meters behind the firing line in themiddle of the trail.

(a) Six rounds are loaded into the revolver.

(b) When the firer reaches the firing line, a singletarget is exposed for two seconds, then lowered ifnot hit.

<c) One set of multiple targets is exposed to thefirer. The firer is allowed four seconds toengage the targets. If targets are not engaged,they are scored a miss.

(d) When the tower operator has controlled reloading,he gives the command, MOVE OUT, and exposes twosets of multiple targets at various ranges fromthe firer,

(e) When the tower operator has controlled reloading,he gives the command, MOVE OUT, and the remainingtargets are presented in sequence. After the lasttargets are hit or lowered, the weapon iscleared

.

(f) The firer, holding the weapon in the raisedposition with the cylinders open, returns to thestarting point and places the weapon on the stand.Excess ammunition £if any) is turned in to theammunition point. Hie next order moves to thefiring line.

b. The same course is fired for night qualification.It is scored on a GO/ NO-GO scoring system: fivetarget hits equal a GO. Ten seconds are allowedfor each round.

c. The same course is fired for NBC qualification.It is based on a GO/NO-GO scoring system: seventarget hits equal a GO. Ten seconds are allowedfor each round.

NOTEt Night and NBC qualification is required IAWDA Pam 350-38.

C-3

C-3. CONDUCT OF FIRE

When the weapon is being fired firers are issuedthe number of rounds required to fire a specifictable. The tower operator controls all loading andreloading, The following list of commands outlines astep-by-step sequence for conducting range firing onthe RQC

.

a. Table I.

(1) The tower operator orders firers to move to thefiring line in preparation for firing. The toweroperator orders firers to position themselves nextto the weapon stands and secure their weapons.Seven rounds are issued to scorers to be given tofirers*


TABLE ONE, SEVEN ROUNDS.LOAD SIX ROUNDS.READY ON THE RIGHT.READY ON THE LEFT.READY ON THE FIRING LINE.WATCH YOUR LANE.

{3) The tower operator exposes two single targets tothe firers. Once these targets have been engagedor lowered , the tower operator commands:

CEASE FIRE.LOAD REMAINING ROUND. (Tower allows

appropriate time.)READY ON THE RIGHT.READY ON THE LEFT

.

READY ON THE FIRING LINE.WATCH YOUR LANE.

(4) The tower operator exposes remaining three singletargets to the firers. When all targets have beenengaged or lowered, the tower operator commands;

CEASE FIRE.CLEAR ALL WEAPONS.CLEAR ON THE RIGHT.CLEAR ON THE LEFT*THE FIRING LINE IS CLEAR.FIRERS PLACE YOUR WEAPONS ON THE STANDS

.

(Leave cylinders open.)

C-4

b. Table II.

(1) The tower operator orders firers to secure theirweapons- Eight rounds are issued to the scorersto be given to the firers.

(2) The tower operator commands;

TABLE TWO, EIGHT ROUNDS

.

LOAD SIX ROUNDS.READY ON THE RIGHT.READY ON THE LEFT.READY ON THE FIRING LINE.WATCH YOUR LANE.

(3) The tower operator exposes four single targets tothe firers. When these targets have been engagedor lowered, the tower operator commands:

CEASE FIRE.LOAD TWO REMAINING ROUNDS. (Tower allows

appropr iate time .

)

READY ON THE RIGHT.READY ON THE LEFT.READY ON THE FIRING LINE.WATCH YOUR LANE.

(4) The tower operator exposes one set of multipletargets to firers. Once these targets have beenengaged or lowered, the tower operator commands;

CEASE FIRE.CLEAR ALL WEAPONS.CLEAR ON THE RIGHT.CLEAR ON THE LEFT.THE FIRING LINE IS CLEAR.FIRERS, KEEP YOUR WEAPONS POINTED UP ANDDOWN RANGE , MOVE TO THE FIRING POINTTO YOUR RIGHT.

c. Table III.

(1) The tower operator orders the firers to positionthemselves next to the weapon stands and securetheir weapons. Seven rounds are issued to thescorers to be given to the firers.


C-5

TABLE THREE, SEVEN ROUNDS.READY ON THE RIGHT.READY ON THE LEFT.READY ON THE FIRING LINE.WATCH YOUR LANE.

(3) The tower operator exposes three single targets tothe firers. When all targets have been engaged orlowered, the tower operator commands:

CEASE FIRE.LOAD REMAINING ROUND. (Tower allowsappropriate time .

}

READY ON THE RIGHT.READY ON THE LEFT.READY ON THE FIRING LINE.WATCH YOUR LANE.

(4) The tower operator exposes one set of multipletargets to the firers. When all targets have beenengaged or lowered, the tower operator commands:

CEASE FIRE.CLEAR ALL WEAPONS.CLEAR ON THE RIGHT.CLEAR ON THE LEFT.THE FIRING LINE IS CLEAR.FIRERS f PLACE YOUR WEAPONS ON THE STAND.

(Leave cylinders open.)

d. Table IV.

(1) The tower operator orders the firers to securetheir weapons from the weapon stand and move tothe center of the trail. Scorers are issued fiverounds to be given to the firers.


TABLE FOUR, FIVE ROUNDS.LOAD FIVE ROUNDS.READY ON THE RIGHT.READY ON THE LEFT.READY ON THE FIRING LINE.WATCH YOUR LANE.

(3) The tower operator exposes two single targets andone set of multiple targets to the firers. Whenall targets have been engaged or lowered, thetower operator commands:

C-6

CEASE FIRE.CLEAR ALL WEAPONS.CLEAR ON THE RIGHT.CLEAR ON THE LEFT*THE FIRING LINE IS CLEAR.FIRERS, PLACE YOUR WEAPONS ON THE STANDSTO THE REAR OF THE FIRING LINE.{Leave cylinders open.)

e . Table v.

(1) The tower operator orders the firers to securetheir weapons. Scorers are given 13 rounds to begiven to the firers.


TABLE FIVE, THIRTEEN ROUNDS.LOAD SIX ROUNDS.READY ON THE RIGHT.READY ON THE LEFT.READY ON THE FIRING LINE.WEAPONS AT THE READY POSITION.WATCH YOUR LANS.HOVE OUT.

(3) The tower operator exposes one single target, thenone set of multiple targets to the firers. Oncethe targets have been engaged or lowered, thetower operator commands:

CEASE FIRE.RELOAD Chambers. (Tower operator allowsappropriate time.)

READY ON THE RIGHT.READY ON THE LEFT.READY ON THE FIRING LINE.WEAPONS IN THE READY POSITION.WATCH YOUR LANE.MOVE OUT.

+ *r

(4) The tower operator exposes two sets of multipletargets to the firers. Once targets have beenengaged or lowered, the tower operator commands!

CEASE FIRE.RELOAD CHAMBERS.READY ON THE RIGHT.READY ON THE LEFT.READY ON THE FIRING LINE.WEAPONS IN THE READY POSITION

.

C-7

WATCH YOUR LANEHOVE OUT*

(5) The tower operator exposes one set of multipletargets and one single target to the firers. Oncetargets have been engaged or lowered, the toweroperator commands

:

CEASE FIRE*CLEAR ALL WEAPONS*CLEAR ON THE RIGHT.CLEAR ON THE LEFT.THE FIRING LINE IS CLEAR.FIRERS, KEEP YOUR WEAPONS UP AND

DOWN RANGE.SCORERS AND FIRERS MOVE BACK TO THEFIRING LINE AND PLACE YOUR WEAPONSON THE WEAPON STANDS. (Leave cylindersopen.)

(6) The tower operator has each scorer total thefirers scorecard and turn it in to the rangeofficer or his representative. The firing ordersare rotated and the above sequence continued untilall orders have fired.

NOTE: Foe night qualification and NBC qualification,the same course is used. Ten seconds is

allowed for each round.

C-4. ALIBIS

a* Alibis are fired at the completion of each tablefrom the position where the alibi occurred. Firecommands that apply to the table are used to firethe alibi.

b. if a malfunction of the weapon or target occursduring firing from stationary positions, the firerreports the malfunction and keeps his weaponpointed up and downrange. Should the malfunctionoccur during Table V, the firer keeps his weaponpointed up and downrange. He continues to moveforward, keeping aligned with the firers to hisright and left*

C-5* RULES

Rules governing firing the CPQC are as follows:

C-8

a. Coaching. Coaching is not allowed during recordfiring* No person may give or try to give helpwhile the firer is taking his position or after hehas taken his position at the firing point. Bachfirer must observe the location of the target inhis own lane. During the instructional firing,the coach and assistant instructors should assistthe firer in correcting errors.

b. Accidental Discharges. All shots fired by thefirer are scored after he has taken his place onthe firing lane. Even if the weapon is notdirected toward a target or is accidentallydischarged, a replacement round is not issued*

c. Firing on the Wrong Target. Shots fired on thewrong target are entered as a miss on the firingscorecard. A firer is credited with hits heattains on his own firing lane*

d. Firing After the Signal "to Lower Targets. Anyshot fired by a firer after targets start to lowerare scored as a miss.

e. More Than one Shot Fired at an E-type SilhouetteTarget. The firer is credited with a hit if thehit is made during the target exposure time* Thenumber of rounds fired to obtain the hit isimmater ial

.

f. Excess Ammunition at the End of the Firing Table*Excess ammunition from each table is turned in tothe ammunition point and not used by the firer forsubsequent tables

.

g. Rounds Issued. Firers are issued the number ofrounds required to fire a specific table.

h. Target Sequence. Target sequence is controlled bythe tower operator but is the same for all lanesto prevent firers from getting in front of firersin adjoining lanes. Targets vary in distance fromthe firers, starting with 31 meters and allowingno more than two 7-meter targets.

C-6. SCORECARD

a. Use* The scorecard (DA Form 88) outlinesinstructional firing and qualification firing(CPQC) (see Figure C-l) . Numbers in columnslabeled TGT (target) are not the sequence in which

C-9

targets are exposed. They are the numericalidentification of targets to be engaged duringeach firing table.

NOTE; DA Form 68 is used to score the revolverqualification course.

*

b. Scoring. Each time a target is hit or "killed

#

M

an X is placed in the column labeled HITS. Thevalue of a hit is 10 points, upon completion offiring the cpqc, the scorer totals and signs thescorecard. Qualification standards are listed inthe bottom right-hand corner of the record firingside of the scorecard. They are:

Expert 260-300.Sharpshooter

. 210-250.Marksman , 160-200*Unqualified Below 160.

NBC and night qualification is on a GO/NO-GO scoringsystem and recorded in the remarks column.

Night: 5 target hits « GONBC: 7 target hits - GO

c. Supply of Forms. , DA Form 88 is available throughnormal publications supply channels {see FigureA~l) •

C-7. TARGETS

Seven electric target device targets and E-typesilhouettes for each firing lane are required.Aggressor figures may be superimposed on thesilhouettes to add realism to the course of fire.

C*8. QUICK TARGET TRAINING DEVICE- ;

Tflie QTTD may be procured locally. For durabilityand appearance, it should be made by the training aidssection or an equally capable agency*

c-io

APPENDIX D

ALTERNATE REVOLVER QUALIFICATION COURSE

D-l. PROCEDURES

Once the soldier completes instructional firing,he must then fire the CPQC for record. If the CPQC isnot available, then the soldier may fire the ARQC.

NOTE : The tower operator controls all reloading

.

a. Procedures for Firing ARQC With the Caliber .38Revolver

.

(1) Table 1 : Engage the 25-meter E-type silhouettetarget with rings from the standing position withsix rounds of ammunition; given six rounds for thecaliber .38 revolver on a 25-meter range duringdaylight. Within 21 seconds from the standingposition, engage the E-type silhouette target (seeFigure b-1) •

(2) Table 2 : Engage the 25-meter target from theKneeling position with 12 rounds j given 12 roundsof ball ammunition and a caliber .38 revolver on a25-meter range during daylight. Within 23seconds from a standing position, assume a goodkneeling position and engage the target with sixrounds* Repeat steps for next six rounds.

•

(3) Table 3 : Engage the 25-meter target from thecrouch position with 12 rounds; given 12 rounds ofball ammunition and a caliber .38 revolver on a25-meter range during daylight. Within 23 secondsfrom a standing position, assume a good crouchposition and engage the target with the first sixrounds within 23 seconds. Repeat steps for nextsix rounds.

+

(4) Table 4 ; Engage the 25-meter target from theprone position with 10 rounds; given 10 rounds ofball ammunition and a caliber .38 revolver on a

D-l

25-meter range during daylight hours. Within 23seconds from a standing position, assume a goodprone position, and engage the target with thefirst six rounds. Repeat steps for next fourrounds, allowing only 18 seconds.

b. Firing Revolver Under Night Conditions. Engagethe 25-meter target from a crouch position with 30rounds; given 30 rounds of ball ammunition and acaliber .38 revolver on a 25-meter range duringnighttime conditions. Within 60 seconds, engagesix pop-up E-type silhouettes with six rounds.Reload only on command from the tower. Repeatsteps for next 24 rounds.

c. Firing Revolver Under Simulated NBC Conditions.Engage the 25-meter target from a crouch positionwith 20 rounds; given 20 rounds of ball ammunitionand a caliber .38 revolver on a 25-meter rangeunder simulated NBC conditions during daylight.Within 40 seconds, engage the 25-meter pop-uptarget with six rounds. Reload only on commandfrom the tower. Repeat steps for next 14 rounds*

NOTEi Night and NBC qualification is required iaw DAPara 350-38.

D-2. CONDUCT OF FIRE

a. Tfce following commands outline a step-by-stepsequence for conducting range firing on the ARQC.

(1) Table I s Standing position.

(a) The tower operator orders firers to move to thefiring line and to prepare to fire. The caliber•38 rounds are issued to the scorer and given tothe firer on command.

(b) The tower operator commands:

TABLE ONE, STANDING POSITION, SIX ROUNDS.LOAD.IS THE LINE READY?THE FIRING LINE IS READY.FIBERS, WATCH YOUR LANE

I

(cj At the end of prescribed firing time, the toweroperator commands:


D-2

(Allowable alibis are given two seconds for each roundnot fired.)

NOTE: For more information, see paragraph C-3.

UNLOAD AND CLEAR ALL WEAPONS.IS THE FIRING LINE READY?THE FIRING LINE IS NOW CLEAR*FIRERS AND SCORERS MOVE DOWNRANGE ANDCHECK YOUR TARGETS.

(All weapons are cleared and left on table, or theyare left at the firing line with the cylinder in theopen position.)

FIRERS AND SCORERS MOVE DOWN RANGE ANDCHECK YOUR TARGETS.

(2) Table 2 : Kneeling position.

(a) The tower operator orders firers to move to thefiring line. Scorers are issued 12 rounds ofcaliber .38 ammunition to be given to the firer oncommand

.

(b) The tower operator commands:

TABLE TWO, KNEELING POSITION, TWELVEROUNDS

;

FIRST SIX ROUNDS, TWENTY-THREE SECONDS

;

RELOAD, SECOND SIX ROUNDS, TWENTY-THREESECONDS.

LOAD FIRST SIX ROUNDS.IS THE LINE READY?THE FIRING LINE IS READY.FIRERS, WATCH YOUR LANE1

(c) At the end pf prescribed firing time, the toweroperator commands:

CEASE FIRE.ARE THERE ANY ALIBIS?UNLOAD AND CLEAR ALL WEAPONS.LOAD SECOND SIX ROUNDS.IS THE LINE READY?THE FIRING LINE IS READY

.

FIRERS WATCH YOUR LANE

I

(d) At the end of prescribed firing time, the toweroperator commands

:


D-3

NOTE: Allowable alibis ace given two seconds for eachround.

UNLOAD AND CLEAR ALL WEAPONS

•

IS THE FIRING LINE CLEAR?THE FIRING LINE IS NOW CLEAR.FIRERS AND SCORERS MOVE DOWNRANGE ANDCHECK YOUR TARGETS.

NOTE: All weapons are cleared and left on a table, orthey are left standing at the firing line withthe cylinder in the open position. Then thefirers and scorers move downrange to checktheir targets*

* 3 * Table 3 : Crouch position.

(a) The tower operator orders the firers and scorersto move to the firing line* The scorers areissued 12 rounds of caliber .38 ammunition to begiven to the firer on command.

(b) The tower operator commands;

TA?LB THREE, CROUCH POSITION, TWELVEROUNDS;

FIRST SIX ROUNDS, TWENTY-THREE SECONDS;RELOAD, SECOND SIX ROUNDS, TWENTY-THREE

SECONDS.

NOTE: All commands are the same as for Table 2.

{4} Table 4 : Prone position,

(a) The tower operator orders the firers to move tothe firing line. The firers are issued 10 roundsof caliber .38 ammunition.

(b) The tower operator orders:

TABLE FOUR, PRONE POSITION, TEN ROUNDS;FIRST SIX ROUNDS/ TWENTY- THREE SECONDS;RELOAD, NEXT FOUR ROUNDS, EIGHTEEN

SECONDS.

NOTE: All commands are the same as for Tables 1, 2,and 3* The scorers and firers replace alltargets for the next firing order. Excessammunition at then end of the course is turnedin to the ammunition point.

D-4

b. The commands for the revolver night fire forrecord are as follows:

(1) The tower operator orders firers to move to thefiring line. Scorers are issued 30 rounds to begiven to the firer on command.


NIGHT FIRE, CROUCH POSITION, SIXTYSECONDS f SIX ROUNDS.

RELOAD ONLY ON COMMAND.LOAD FIRST SIX ROUNDS.IS THE FIRING LINE READY?THE FIRING LINE IS READY

•

FIRERS, WATCH YOUR LANE.

(3) At the end of the prescribed time, the toweroperator commands:

CEASE FIREARE THERE ANY ALIBIS?

(Alibis are allowed 10 seconds for each round notfired.)

UNLOAD AND CLEAR ALL WEAPONS.

NOTE: These commands are repeated for each six roundsfired.

IS THE FIRING LINE CLEAR?THE FIRING LINE IS CLEAR.FIRERS AND SCORERS , MOVE DOWNRANGE ANDCHECK YOUR TARGETS.

o. The commands for the revolver NBC fire for recordare as follows:

(1) The tower operator orders firers to move to thefiring line. Scorers are issued 20 rounds to begiven to the firer on command.


GAS (Firers don protective masks.)NBC FIRING, CROUCH POSITION, FORTYSECONDS, SIX ROUNDS*RELOAD ONLY ON COMMAND.LOAD FIRST SIX ROUNDS.IS THE FIRING LINE READY?

THE FIRING LINE IS READY.FIRERS, WATCH YOUR LAME.

(3) At the end of the prescribed time, the toweroperator commands!


(Alibis are allowed eight seconds for each round notfired.)

UNLOAD AND CLEAR ALL WEAPONS.

NOTE: These commands are repeated for each six roundsfired.

IS THE FIRING LINE CLEAR?THE FIRING LINE IS NOW CLEAR.

(The tower operator also gives the command, ALLCLEAR.)

FIRERS AND SCORERS, MOVE DOWNRANGE ANDCHECK YOUR TARGETS

•

(All weapons are left on firing line with cylindersopen.)

NOTE: The scorers and firers replace all targets forthe next firing order. Excess ammunition atthe end of a table is turned in to the scorerand is not used by the firer in subsequenttables. At the completion of all four tables,ammunition is turned in to the ammunitionpoint*

D-3. ALIBIS

If a malfunction of the weapon or the targetoccurs during firing, the scorer reports and recordsthe malfunction* The firer is allowed one alibi atthe completion of each table. All alibis are firedfrom the position in which the alibis occurs. Firingcommands that apply are used to fire alibis.

D-4. SCORING

a* The firer is scored on the number of target hitsduring the prescribed time limit. He must achieveat least 24 hits and a score of BO points to

D-6

qualify. The target hits are then multiplied bythe number inside the scoring rings to achieve ascore. No credit is given for rounds fired afterthe command, CEASE PIRE. Shots that touch thenext higher scoring ring are scored the nexthigher value (see Figure B-l)

.

b. The qualification scores are:

Expert - 160 to 200.Sharpshooter - 120 to 159.Marksman - 80 to 119*NBC and Night Firing is done on a GO/NO-GOscoring system and recorded in the remarkscolumn

.

NBC 7 target hits - GO.Night: 5 target hits - GO.

NOTE: For sample scorecard see Figure D-l*

c. Coaching is allowed during instructional firingbut not during record fire. No one may assist thefirer while he is taking position or after takingposition at the firing point except for safetyreasons

.

D-7

ALTERNATE REVOLVER QUALIFICATION COURSEg" jit 'wm, *t* FM 2W5: Iht frgpocw •fancy it TRADOC,

NAME \lmit fkwt MW

Zj&iiijttJ Jot, ,

3 1

UNIT MM

.222:

Nrn

ico he

HIT*

•CORE

TAJIK 2 - KhEEUM -WTK>* • ****** t* ft**** lM*tControl o* tfWTowww

• ftvjnrfi-lSl

HIT**

CHI

TAMJ 4 - CfcOUCH TOtmOM: ft*.** -U ItMk ft*fc»# IMftf

Mm* 111

MITE

•com •COM ^fi

wmmwom

HIT!

•comHITI

•COM

OUAUF1 CATION;WPWT IM-tOO TOTAL HITi 3

MAAKSMAJ4 TOTAL tCOM/gg

NOTM; I. MITI t*l MIRKED WITH "X" MBMIRI AREMAAKID WITH -M-

a- thb area muit achieve a minimum of 14 HitaAND A MINIMUM •eOMOPeOTOQUAUFV.

DATA RICHJINID BY PRIVACY ACT O* 1*7*

AUTHORITY; WMCHIHl /fewwHwDMvMT. HIWH1 PURPOMH):ivRNMfh*Mi|* "QimWf mil

I: IrthW* «f h«MA.tr profcf dMttor

*wM ol >W|» MN - m*d tw M»n«l»M— »w—m HAMDATOfty OHVOU*TAAV DIKL04UM AND iMlDTON NNMVIDUAl NOT FHOWrt INFORMATION*: Vot.<f»ry.

DA Form B70B H, SEP B9

Figure D-1 . Example of completed AlternateRevolver Qualification Course form*

NOTE: See Appendix F for a blank copy of this formfor local reproduction.

D-B

APPENDIX E

TRAINING SCHEDULES

To aid in the individual training phase, trainingschedules for the courses in pistol and revolvermarksmanship training are described in this appendix.These schedules are based on the desirable number oftraining hours for a pistol or revolver course. Theyshould be used as a guide in preparing lesson plans*Conditions may require a longer or shorter period tocomplete the training. When time is available,additional training should be included in theschedule. When suggested equipment and training aidsare not available, the best that are available shouldbe improvised or substituted. Each firer should beallowed 50 rounds for instructional firing and 40rounds for record firing.

A. Pistol S»iautanatic , Caliber 9 -ran, Caliber .45 M1911A1Itevolver, caliber »39 (practice or instructional FiringCourae (12 ftours)

Reference* Trainingfecilltiao

Training Aide

<4 hour*)

1 2 2 Osuactaristic*, dift-•umbly and asMNtoly,fmotioning, aaS car*arri cleaning.

TM 5-1005-317-10,TO ?-1005r211-1 2,andTO 9-1005-226-14.

or field.R>c instructor chalk-board, wrkirpg noctel,

(rejector and Krtin,cleaning aquipwnt(tot each man) - Rjceach group: T*ble ocauitabl* grcuiyS cloth.

2

3

2

3

2

3

*%Ufunction*, ttop-paga*, iiMdiat*action, loading, un-loading Mnunition,•na aafaty precaution*.

(6 Hwcs)

Coaching, lining, grip.

W 9-1005-311-10,

n *-ioo$-211-12,«rrf•m 9-10Q5-226-14.

Chapter 2

* * » adO* * * *

4 * • -dO V * # *

sow u period 1, plusttemmition display.

Ibr each aan: frwportion*, tElmrqvHH {to includedouble-set ion)

,tii^st

engagement, pencil tri-ngulation exeiQim(K1911M only) , «10V-f ir* execciea.

thUManual.

pistol with ng*aine#sheet of i/B-irx*bull'e-eyes, pencilwith Making or cello-phane tape. Tot all:

B-îiho^tte.

nunc{2 Rxira}

4 2 2 xnatiuctional firingl*ble* i, 2, 3, 4* i 5,conbat Piatol Qualifi-cation Gout**.

*PP *thiamanual.

Live-firexanja >

Equips nt u*ed inpariod 6 of the quali-fication courw*

E-2

B Pistol, Semiautomatic, Caliber 9-mra, Caliber .45 M1911A1;revolver, Caliber .38 (Qualification Course) (12 ffours)

nanPtriod

Peace zation Facilities

RAKE ftrick(4 ftouca)

5 2 2 instructional firingc cm bat pistol qualifi-cation course, forpractice with a coachor instructor.

Existingrange reg-ulations.App ft, thismanual.

pistolrange.

Par all; All equipmentuêd for periods 3 and4 plus scorecard artj

ammunition.

6 2 2 Record firing, Tables1* through 5* ccmbatpistol qualificationcourse -

ftpp A,thi9 domanual.

E-3

B. Pistol, Semiautomatic, Caliber 9-mra, Caliber .45 M1911A1;Ifevolver, .38 (Qualification Course) (12 Hours) (Continued)

PeriodPeace

Mobili-zation

Lesson References TrainingFacilities

Ttaining Aids

MECHANICAL TOAJHING(4 hours)

1

2

2

2

2

2

Characteristics, dis-assembly, and assuubly,functioning ard canand cleaning.

Malfunctions, stop-

1M 9-1005-317-10,TO 9-1005-211-12,and1M 9-1005-226-14.

<m 9-1005-

Classroora

or field.

r m .dO. . t *

Fbr instructor: chalk-board* working node!,projector and screen,cleaning equipment(for each nan) . Foeeach group: Table orsuitable ground cloth.

pages, immediateaction, loftding, un-loading, aRmunition,and Milety precautions.

317-10,TO 9-1005-211-12,arriW 9-1005-226-14-

Same as period 1 plusamunition display.

SHTP TOMNIrtS(4 (burs)

3 2 2 Cbaching. aijnirag, grip,positions, triggersqueeze (to ircludedouble-action) , Targetengagement, pencil tri-angulation exercise(M1911A1 only) , slow-fire exercise.

Qiapter 2this

manual*

• * .do .... Fox each ran, Cnepistol with magazine,sheet of i/8-ire:hbull's-eyes, pencilwith masking or cello-phane tape. Pbr all:B-silhouette.

4 2 2 Review and examination. All ... .do * >

previousreferences

tor all All equipmentused in previousperiods.

E-4

APPENDIX F

REPRODUCIBLE FORMS

.

-

. . .

-

*

..

^

. i F

F-l

NAME: (Lift 1**,Ml> ATI

LANE NO.|

RDER |uwr HI

ALTERNATE PISTOL QUALIFICATION COURSEfor u» of Ihii form, im FM 23-35: tt># Prop<in»1 *oj#ncv j p TRADOC

TAM 1 * STANDING FOSmOl* 1 fcUQtcift* - 7 feunoo - 21 Si»»d»

HITS

•CORE

HITS

SCORE

TABLE t - KNEELING POimON: tkvt MijuW - • Hound* -417

TAiLE 1 CROUCH POSITION: 1 MidbHm * 6 Roundi Eooft - Jl ftooon*

HIT!

SCORE

HITS

SCORE

HITS

6CORE

PRONE POSITION: t MiquM I Ro^« tj^ - 10

HITS

SCORE

QUALIFICATION:EXPERT 1 60-200

SHARPSHOOTER 126-1SSMARKSMAN SO-11&

TOTAL HITS

TOTAL SCORE

SCORER'S SIGNATURE DATE OFFICER'S SIGNATURE 0AT1

REMARKS:

NOTES; 1. HrTS ARE MARKED WITH "X" AKD MUSUAAIMARKED WITH "M *

2. THE MR MUST ACMIEVS A MINIMUM Of 24 HrTSAND A MINIMUM SCORE OP SO POIWTS TO QUALIFY.

|DATA REQUIRED EY FllFVACY ACT OF 1S74

AUTHORITY; lOtfSCT0 1—j wuSw Ortw1ST.FMMCI PALPUR FOS1 [S): Eoaowii Ir^MoW , »»rt»»mHo-HKoHPI* Ring, ROUTlNt US&B^; fv**u«bc« «f li^M .^ flol^ b- *i# rrtF^b™ *>m erf pfofettfwr 1EN h u«*rf Mr Uîmw«on p«KW>M^ MANDATORY OflVOLUNTARY D4SCLOSURI AMD IPPECT ON INDIVIDUAL NOT PROWtXNQ IWOllMATlONi Vd^nlfttfl«t4uo!a not prnvlolrtf Informtiltit flmnnftt »« rftltri/Marod on • matt bull.

OA Form B704-R, SEP SS

Figure F-l . DA Form 5704-R,Alternate Pistol Qualification Course.

NAME |Urt, nnt.Ml) DAT!

UNt NO. order ItN

ALTERNATE REVOLVER QUALIFICATION COURSEFOf liW Of Wit form. IM FM 23-36; Ihft Propone atjem:y <# TltADOC

TASLE1 • STAN D1NO POSITION: 6 Round** 21

HITS

KOMHITS

KOBE

TASLE 2 - KNEELINQ POttTlO*; ft Rou»* - J J 1^; Moid U**rCoiffroltftfcftTc

tRaundft - t*1

HIT*

ECORE

HITI

SCORE

TASL1 3 CROUCH PORTION: a Rtuntfti -H trandt: Rifead IMitor

Control T<*wft Rfl k 7 J SftOO

MmCO HE

HIT*

SCORE

TASLE 4 * PROftE POSJnON: e R*utk* * 21 frrandi; MoWWithout Q^HTirrmnd

4R0U*d**lE

HITS

•CORE 3

HITI

KORE

QUALIFICATION:EXPMT14O-20D

• HARPIHOOTER 130-1 ftft

MAft KBMAN l0 1

1

TOTAL HmTOTAL SCOM

ftCORER SftJONATuRE DATE Off ICER 1 MONATURE DATE

HE MARKS:

N0T1S: 1. HITS ARE MWKID WITH "X" AND MliftCl AREMARHP WITH H."

1. THE F1RER MUST ACHIEVE A MINIMUM OP 14 HITSAND A MINIMUM SCORE OF ftOTO QUALIFY.

DATA R EQUIRE D SY PRIVACY ACT OF 1 174

AOTMOWTY: lCU*C» l»g 'tot**** Or«r SJS7 PRINCIPAL PUftPOSeft|: JWoortI^Wip^m* mm wi RMfird Ffc# HftAQfe ROUTINE USE*); frtfurttaotMMMîprorttato^MMv^^Pîr^

of#«H *f ^w*M»ncy b*dfl* UN Md tor potfth4 HwtttfkrtMn jmpmmm MANDATORY DRVOLUNTARYOlBCLQtURE ANO EFFECT ON UftCHVKHiAL MOT PHOUDIfM INFORMATION: VotaMMy.Individual* not providing Ia*om*tl©* t*a*ftt Sa m^/Kor^ on ft Rlftftl

DA Fortn B7M-R, «P 69

Figure F-2, DA Form 5705-R,Alternate Revolver Qualification Course.

GLOSSARY

APQC alternate pistol qualification course

ARQC alternate revolver qualification course

AR Army regulation

CID criminal investigations division

CPQC combat pistol qualification course

CTA common table of allowances

DA Department of the Army

FM field manual

HQ headquarters

mm millimeter

NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization

NBC nuclear, biological, chemical

NG Army National Guard

OIC officer in charge

QTTD quick-fire target training device

RQC revolver qualification course

TM technical manual

TRADOC US Army Training and Doctrine Command

USAR United States Array Reserve

Glossary-1

REFERENCES

Requited Publications

Required publications are sources that users mustread in order to understand or to comply with thispublication-

Army Regulation (AR)

385-63 Policies and Procedures forFiring Ammunition for TrainingTarget Practice, and Combat.

Department of the Army Forms (DA Forms)

8 8 Combat Pistol QualificationCourse Scorecard

5704-R Alternate Pistol Qualification Course5705-R Alternate Revolver Qualification Course

Technical Manuals (TMs)

9-1005-206-14&P1 Operators, Organizational,Direct Support and GeneralSupport Maintenance ManualIncluding Repair Parts andSpecial Tools List for Revolver,Caliber ,38 Special: Smith andWesson, Military and police, M10,Round Butt, 4-Inch Barrel, 2-InchBarrel; Square Butt, 4-InchBarrel and Revolver, Caliber .38Special: Ruger Service Six/4-Inch Barrel, M108; Square Buttw/o Lanyard Loop, w/Lanyard andRound Butt w/Lanyard Loop*

9-1005-211-12 Operator and OrganizationalMaintenance Manual (IncludingBasic Issue Items List and RepairParts and Special Tools List)

:

Pistol, Caliber .45, Automatic,M1911A1, with Holster, Hip(1005-673-7965); with Holster,Shoulder (1005-561-2003)

.

Ref erences-1

Training Ma nuals (TMs) Continued

9-1005-226-14 Operation and Unit Maintenance:Caliber .22 High StandardAutomatic Pistol (Supermatic)Caliber .22 Ruger Mark IAutomatic Pistol (Target itodel)(6 7/8-Inch Barrel); Caliber .38Special Smith and WessonRevolver (Masterpiece) ; Caliber.30-06 Winchester Rifle, Itodel 70(Special Match Grade; Caliber .22Winchester Rifle, Model 52;Caliber .22 Remington Rifle,40x51 (National Match) and Frontand Rear Sights.

9-1005-317-10 Operators Manual for Pistol,Semiautomatic, 9-ram, M9(1005-01-118-2640)

9-1300-200 Ammunition, General.

Related Publications

Related publications are sources of additionalinformation* They are not required in order tounderstand this publication.

Army Regulations (ARs)

140-1 Marksmanship Training andCompetitive program*

350-6 Army-Wide Small Arms CompetitiveMarksmanship.

920-30 Rules and Regulations forNational Matches and OtherExcellence-in-Competitive (EIC)Matches.

Common Tables of Allowances (CTAs)

8-100 Army Medical DepartmentExpendable/Durable Items.

50-970 Expendable/Durable Items(Excepts Medical, Class v.Repair Parts and Heraldic Items).

Ref erences-2

Department of the Army Pamphlet (DA Pam)

350-38 Standards in Weapons Training738-750 The Army Maintenance Management

System (TAHMS)

.

Field Manuals (FMs)

3-4 NBC Protection.3-5 NBC Decontamination.21-11 First Aid for Soldiers.21-75 COmbat Skills of the Soldier.25-7 Training Ranges*

Technical Manuals (TMs)

9-1005-211-35 Direct Support, General Support,and Depot Maintenance Manual(Including Repair Parts andSpecial Tools List): Pistol,Caliber .45/ M1911A, with Holster(1005-673-7965) and M1911A1(1005-561-2003)

.

9-1005-317-23&P Unit and Intermediate DirectSupport Maintenance ManualMaintenance Manual IncludingRepair Parts and Special ToolsList for Pistol, Semiautomatic,9-mm, M9 (1005-01-118-2640).

9-1300-206 Ammunition and ExplosivesStandards.

9-6920-210-14 Operator's, Organizational,Direct Support and GeneralSupport Maintenance Manual (In-cluding Basic Issue Items Listand Repair Parts List) for SmallArms Targets and TargetMaterial,

43-0001-27 Army Ammunition Data Sheets:Small Caliber Ammunition.

Rt_ferenceB-3

INDEX

air-operated pistol, .177 mm , 2-30alibis, A-7, B-6, C-B, D-6alternate pistol qualification coarse, B-l

alibis, B-6conduct of fire, B-2form, F-2scoring, B-6tables, B-l

alternate revolver qualification course, D-lalibis, D-6conduct of fire, d-2form, F-3scoring d-6tables, D-l

basic marksmanship, 2-1aiming, 2-5breath control, 2-7fundamentals, 2-1phases of training, 2-1positions, 2-10target engagement. 2-10trigger squeeze, 2-8

ball-and-dummy method, 2-27breath control, 2-7aiming, 2-5calling the shot, 2-27coaching, 2-26combat marksmanship 2-16

nuclear, biological, chemical firing, 2-26poor visibility firing, 2-25reloading techniques, 2-22target engagement, 2-18techniques of firing, 2-16traversing, 2-1B

combat pistol qualification course, A-lalibis, A-7conduct of fire, A-4rules A-8scorecard, A-9tables, A-2targets, A-10

Index-l

V

combat reloading techniques, 2-22one-hand, 2-24rapid, 2-23tactical, 2-24

equipment datapistol, automatic, .45 caliber, H1911 and H1911A1,

1-2pistol automatic, 9-mm, M9 , 1-1revolver, caliber .38, 1-4

flash sight picture, 2-17forms, reproducible, F-lgrip, 2-1

isometric tension, 2-5one-hand, 2-2two-hand, 2-2

fist, 2-3palm-supported , 2-3Weaver, 2-4

hand-and-eye coordination, 2-16instructional practice and record qualification

firing, 2-39safety, 2-39

marksmanship training, 2-1basic, 2-1coaching and training aids, 2-26combat, 2-16safety, 2-37

nuclear, biological, chemical firing, 2-26pencil tr iangulation exercise, 2-28pistol, automatic, .45 caliber, M1911 and M1911A1

equipment data, 1-2operation, 1-3

pistol, automatic 9-mm, M9equipment data, 1-1operation, 1-2

point of aim, 2-5poor visibility firing, 2-25positions, 2-10

crouch, 2-13kneeling, 2-12kneeling supported, 2-15pistol-ready, 2-11prone, 2-14standing without support, 2-12standing with support, 2-14

quick-fire point shooting, 2-17quick-fire sighting, 2-17quick-fire target training device, 2-31, A-8, C-10

dimensions, (illus) 2-28range firing courses, 2-36

alternate pistol qualification course, B-lalternate revolver qualification course, D-l

Index-2

combat pistol qualification course, a-1revolver qualification course, C-l

revolver, caliber -38equipment data, 1-4operation, 1-5

revolver qualification course C-lalibis, C-8conduct of fire, C-4rules, C-8acorecard, C-9tables, C-2targets, C-10

Ruger revolver, caliber .38equipment data, 1-4operation, 1-5

safety 2-37after firing, 2-39before firing, 2-38during firing, 2-38instructional practice and record qualificationfiring, 2-39

requirements, 2-37ecorecard, DA Form 88, A-9, C-9slow-fire exercise, 2-29Smith and Wesson revolver, caliber .38

equipment data 1-4operation, 1-5

target engagement, 2-10, 2-18targets, B-l, C-10techniques of firing, 2-16

flash sight picture, 2-17hand- and -eye coordination, 2-16quick-fire point shooting, 2-17quick-fire sighting, 2-17

training aids, 2-26air-operated pistol, .177 mm, 2-30quick-fire target training device, 2-31

training schedules, E-ltraversing, 2-18

kneeling 360° , 2-20training method, 2-22

trigger squeeze, 2-8

Index

Documents

FM 23-35 Combat Training With Pistols & Revolvers · 2014. 2. 25. · PREFACE This manual provides guidance on the operation and marksmanship of the pistol, M9, 9-mm; pistol, M1911A1,