COURSE OVERVIEW, OUTCOMES, TEACHING PLAN AND SCHEME OF EVALUATION

CH202 FLUID AND PARTICLE MECHANICS (4 credits)

Course OverviewChemical Process Industries involve movement of fluids through pipes, pumps and different kinds of process Equipment. The role of a Chemical Engineer would be to design piping system or analyze the existing ones, determine the energy requirements for operations involving fluids, select a proper fluid moving machine and flow measuring device.

Fluids are classified as (i) incompressible or compressible based on density and (ii) Newtonian or non-Newtonian depending on their rheological behavior. Reynolds number is introduced to distinguish between laminar and turbulent flow. Due to chaotic nature of turbulent flow, statistical analysis is carried out. The principles of hydrostatic equilibrium would be applied in separation of immiscible liquids depending on the density difference, in gravity or centrifugal decanters.

Basic equations of fluid flow viz., continuity equation, equation of motion and Bernoulli equation (mechanical energy balance) are derived. Equations for velocity profiles of fluids in laminar and turbulent flow are derived / discussed. Equations for pressure drop under different flow conditions and in the presence of valves and fittings are derived / discussed.

Many chemical processes involve fluid – solid operations. Equation for pressure drop for flow of fluids (Ergun Equation) through packed beds is derived. Equation for terminal velocity for settling of particles in fluid is derived. Fluidization, a unit operation involving fluid – solid interaction is discussed along with its applications, advantages and disadvantages.

Issues relating to transportation of fluids viz., pipes / tubes their selection and specification, different types of joints, fittings and valves are discussed. Various types of fluid moving machinery viz., positive displacement and centrifugal pumps, fans, blower and compressors, and the energy requirements are discussed. Various flow measuring devices and their principles are discussed.

Course Outcomes At the end of the course the student will be able to

CO1 Derive dimensionless groups by dimensional analysis.CO2 Solve problems related to manometers and decanters using the principles of

fluid statics.CO3 Determine the pipe size / flow rate / power requirements under laminar and

turbulent flow conditions.CO4 Solve problems involving motion of particles in fluid, fluid–solid operations in

packed beds and fluidized beds.CO5 Select machinery for fluid transportation.

CO6 Determine the flow rate of fluid passing through closed channels.

TEACHING PLANSl.No Module Topics

No. ofPeriods Total

1 Unit Systems

Unit systems 2

5Dimensional Analysis: Rayleigh’s method, Buckingham -method, 2

Exercises 1

2 Fluid Statics and its Applications

Hydrostatic Equilibrium: Gravitational field, centrifugal field 2

6Applications of Fluid Statics: Continuous gravity Decanter, Continuous centrifugal decanter 2

Exercises 2

3 Fluid Flow Phenomena

Potential flow, Laminar flow, rheological properties of fluids 2

5Turbulence 1Boundary layer 1Exercises 1

4 Basic Equations of Fluid Flow

Equation of continuity 1

8

Equation of Motion 2Mechanical energy equation: Bernoulli equation 1Macroscopic momentum balances 1Exercises 3

5Incompressible

Flow In Pipes and Channels

Shear stress and skin friction in pipes 1

9

Laminar flow in pipes and channels 2Turbulent flow in pipes and channels 1Friction from changes in velocity and direction 1Exercises 4

6 Flow of Compressible

Definitions and basic equations 11

Fluids

7 Flow Past Immersed Bodies

Drag and Drag coefficients 1

9

Flow through beds of solids 1Motion of particles through fluids 2Fluidization 1Exercises 4

8 Transportation and Metering of Fluids

Transportation: Pipe, fittings and valves; Pumps; Fans, blowers and compressors

3 10

Measurement of flowing fluids: Venturi meter, orifice meter, pitot tube, rotameter, turbine meters, magnetic meters, ultrasonic meters, thermal meters

3

Exercises 4

Reading:1. Warren L. McCabe, Julian C. Smith and Peter Harriott, Unit Operations of

Chemical Engineering, 7th Edition, McGraw Hill, 2005. 2. Coulson J.M and Richardson. J.F, Chemical Engineering, Volume I and II, 5th

Edition, Elsevier India, 2006. 3. De Nevers NH, Fluid Mechanics for Chemical Engineers, McGraw Hill, NY,

2004.

SCHEME OF EVALUATION

Two minor exams (Surprise test / assignment; no reexam for minors) 20 (10 marks each) Mid exam 30 marks End semester exam 50 marks For the tutorial classes students have to bring text book, calculator and graph sheets,

failing which there will be penalty of 10 marks.

TOTAL 100 MARKS

Final Grade will be awarded based on the marks obtained out of 100

Students are welcome to meet the undersigned at office room 805 in the Department.

Dr. A. Venu VinodAssociate Professor

August 3, 2015