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Five firms keen on Odisha power distribution business

Cos eyeing to work as distribution franchisee include Crompton Greaves, Tata Power

BS Reporter | BhubaneswarAugust 16, 2013Last Updated at 20:06 IST

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As many as five companies includingCrompton GreavesLtd (CGL) andTata Power Delhi Distribution Ltd(TPDDL) have expressed interest

to work aspower distributionfranchisee inOdishaduring a workshop organised by Gridco Ltd and Rural Electrification Corporation (REC).

Others were Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE)-listed Spanco, Calcutta Electric Supply Corporation (CESC) and SPML Infra Ltd.

"One more company Essel Utility, a power distribution franchisee in Madhya Pradesh, is also keen to take up franchisee business in the

state, but could not attend the workshop today, said a spokesperson of Gridco.

The distribution franchisee business helps power distribution companies (discoms) to outsource some tasks by dividing their catchment

area into small patches and engaging one of the franchisee.

The franchisees job would be to supply and distribute electricity, take down metre readings, distribute bills, collect revenue, maintain low-

tension lines and attend fuse-off calls.

The workshop, Distribution Franchisee Models in India-Evolution and Future, was organised to understand the issues involved in the

business across various states of India.

"During the presentation, the companies said that they need more hand holding support and a longer period of contract, up to 15 years, to

participate in this type of business model. We will sit together with the government before coming up with RFP (request for proposal)

tender, said A K Bohra, chief executive officer of Nesco, Wesco and Southco, the three discoms managed by Reliance Infra in the state.

Distribution franchisee business is not new in Odisha as Central Electricity Supply Utility, managed by Odisha Electricity Regulatory

Commission (OERC), had outsourced its operation to three companies. Reliance Infra also engaged few companies for bill collection in the

areas under its jurisdiction.

However, such type of business model is facing several problems in the state, particularly related to bill collection as a number of self-help

groups (SHGs) who were earlier paid by discoms for collecting bills have opposed the appointment of distribution franchisees.
http://www.business-standard.com/search?type=news&q=Crompton+Greaveshttp://www.business-standard.com/search?type=news&q=Crompton+Greaveshttp://www.business-standard.com/search?type=news&q=Crompton+Greaveshttp://www.business-standard.com/search?type=news&q=Tata+Power+Delhi+Distribution+Ltdhttp://www.business-standard.com/search?type=news&q=Tata+Power+Delhi+Distribution+Ltdhttp://www.business-standard.com/search?type=news&q=Tata+Power+Delhi+Distribution+Ltdhttp://www.business-standard.com/search?type=news&q=Power+Distributionhttp://www.business-standard.com/search?type=news&q=Power+Distributionhttp://www.business-standard.com/search?type=news&q=Power+Distributionhttp://www.business-standard.com/search?type=news&q=Odishahttp://www.business-standard.com/search?type=news&q=Odishahttp://www.business-standard.com/search?type=news&q=Odishahttp://www.business-standard.com/search?type=news&q=Power+Distributionhttp://www.business-standard.com/search?type=news&q=Tata+Power+Delhi+Distribution+Ltdhttp://www.business-standard.com/search?type=news&q=Crompton+Greaves


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Consumers

Utility Interface

Cases

Downloads

Power Scenario

POWER REFORM IN ORISSA - AN OVERVIEW

Highlights of the Act|Regulatory Mechanism|Functions of the OERC

A NEW ERA IN UTILITY REGULATION
http://www.orierc.org/glance.html#HIGHLIGHTS%20OF%20THE%20ACThttp://www.orierc.org/glance.html#HIGHLIGHTS%20OF%20THE%20ACThttp://www.orierc.org/glance.html#REGULATORY%20MECHANISMhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.html#REGULATORY%20MECHANISMhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.html#REGULATORY%20MECHANISMhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.html#FUNCTIONShttp://www.orierc.org/glance.html#FUNCTIONShttp://www.orierc.org/glance.html#FUNCTIONShttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.html#FUNCTIONShttp://www.orierc.org/glance.html#REGULATORY%20MECHANISMhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.html#HIGHLIGHTS%20OF%20THE%20ACT


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Orissa has been a pioneer among States in India in embarking on a comprehensive reform of the electricity industry of the State.

The aim of the reform is to address the fundamental issues underlying poor performance of the Orissa State Electricity Board and

restructure the power sector. The objective to make power supply more efficient, meet the needs of a growing economy and

develop an economically viable power industry which will enable Orissa to attract private capital while safeguarding the interests

of the consumers.

The reform programme was announced by the Chief Minister of Orissa in November, 1993, formally approved by the council of

Ministers in April, 1994 and was endorsed by the new state government which took office in March, 1995. On April 20, 1995, the

government issued a formal statement of its power policy.

A new legislation, namely, theOrissa Electricity Reform Act, 1995(Orissa Act 2 of 1996) was enacted for the purpose of

restructuring the electricity industry, for taking measures conducive to rationalization of generation, transmission and supply

system, for opening avenues for participation of private sector entrepreneurs and for establishment of a Regulatory Commission

independent of the state government and power utilities.

Advance clearance of the legislation by the central government was issued by the Ministry of Home Affairs in early November

1995. The legislation was approved by the State Assembly on November 28, 1995. The President gave his assent in January

1996 and the Act became effective in April 1996. The restructuring of the industry became effective from the same date and theRegulatory Commission became functional on 01.08.1996 after all the three members including the Chairman had taken oath of

office.

HIGHLIGHTS OF THE ACT

The reform legislation contains several fundamental building blocks.

Restructuring- The former OSEB has been corporatised and is designed to be managed on commercial principles in itsnew form GRIDCO. While the newly formed GRIDCO has been put in charge of transmission and distribution, the hydro

power- generating stations owned by the government has been taken over by the Orissa Hydro Power Corporation

(OHPC). Unbundling- The reform structure has incorporated principles of functional unbundling with regard to generation,

transmission and distribution to be managed by separate corporations/companies.

Privatisation- The OER Act, 1995 aims at fostering private sector participation in generation and gradual privatisationof transmission and distribution.

Regulatory Commission- An important component is establishment of the Orissa Electricity Regulatory Commissionfor ensuring achievement of objectives given in the Orissa Electricity Reform Act, 1995.

Licensing- Government ownership and direct control has given way to a licensing system in respect of transmission anddistribution activities.

Tariff- Determining tariff which would ensure commercial rate of return for investment in the electricity industry whileprotecting rights of all categories of consumers with respect to cost, efficiency and quality of service.
http://www.orierc.org/act.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/act.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/act.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/act.html


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The new regulatory supervision is designed to be qualitatively and structurally different from the command and control exercised

by the government so far as the electricity industry is concerned. The Orissa government's objective is to withdraw from the

power sector as an operator of utilities and give way to privately managed utilities operating in a competitive and appropriately

regulated power market. The Commission is designed to be an autonomous authority responsible for regulation of the power

sector while policy-making power continues to be retained by the State Government. The Commission is a three member body

with the necessary supporting staff.

Structural Evolution

REGULATORY MECHANISM

The new regulatory regime is designed to insulate the electricity industry from short term political decisions and rigid

bureaucratic control. It aims at ensuring that industry operates on commercial lines so that the scarce resources of the state are

available for development. It has been the experience that state owned industry is utilised for achieving social and political ends

such as creating avenues for employment, and giving subsidy to certain categories of consumers. This becomes detrimental to

the industry resulting in non-availability of resources for maintenance and expansion, lack of accountability in performance, poor

quality of service, financial sickness of the industry and unwillingness of private sector to invest in any significant manner.

The new regulatory regime, on the pattern prevalent in USA and UK, is designed to create clear and transparent rules and

procedures for open hearing by which the Regulatory Commission can monitor and control the essential utility industries while

the interests of all those who participate in it and those who are served by it can be balanced and protected.

As an independent Regulatory OERC

Issues and enforces licenses

Determines tariff and charges

Monitors financial viability of operators

Sets service standards and monitors compliance

Arbitrates in disputes between licensees Arbitrates in disputes between licensees and consumers

Provides information and advice to the Government

Handles consumer grievances

Promotes competition in all sectors of electricity industry

An independent Regulatory Commission operating in a transparent manner creates comfort and confidence of investors from

private sector by allaying the apprehension that political and personal considerations may create an uncertain climate and that

the interests of Govt. or selected persons shall not be unduly favoured.
http://www.orierc.org/evolution.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/evolution.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/evolution.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/evolution.html


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Regulatory Structure

FUNCTIONS OF THE OERC

to aid and advise, in matters concerning generation, transmission, distribution and supply of electricity in the State;

to regulate the working of licensees and to promote their working in an efficient, economical and equitable manner; to issue licenses in accordance with the provisions of the Reform Act and determine the conditions to be included in the

licenses;

to promote efficiency, economy and safety in the transmission, distribution and use of electricity in the State includingand in particular in regard to quality, continuity and reliability of service so as to enable all reasonable demands for

electricity to be met;

to regulate the purchase, distribution, supply and utilization of electricity, the quality of service, the tariff and chargespayable keeping in view both the interest of the consumer as well as the consideration that the supply and distribution

cannot be maintained unless the charges for the electricity supplied are reasonably levied and duly collected;

to promote competitiveness and progressively involve the participation of the private sector, while ensuring a fair dealfor the customers;

to collect data and forecast on the demand for and use of electricity and to require the licensees to collect such data and

make such forecasts; to require licensees to formulate perspective plans and schemes in coordination with others for the promotion of

generation, transmission, distribution and supply of electricity; and

to undertake all incidental or ancilliary things.

The Orissa Electricity Regulatory Commission has taken up its role earnestly in the aforesaid historical and legal perspective. The

Commission's task is all the more difficult because there has been no precedent of an independent regulatory Commission in

electricity industry in any of the developing countries in Asia. The Commission has formulated its rules, regulation and procedure

in a tailor-made manner to suit the economic and industrial development in general, and need of electricity sector in particular, in

the state of Orissa while safeguarding the interests of all categories of consumers.

GENERATION DETAILS
http://www.orierc.org/regulator.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/regulator.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/regulator.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/glance.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/regulator.htmlhttp://www.orierc.org/regulator.html


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TRANSMISSION DETAILS


8/15

DISTRIBUTION DETAILS
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9/15

`

All Orissa (as on 01.01.2007)

Consumers Number (%) Load in MVA (%)

LT (Domestic,

General

Purpose etc.)

2363552 (99.93%) 3497.713 (68.37%)

HT (CD >= 110

KVA)1569 (0.06%) 801.882 (15.68%)

EHT 54 (0.01%) 816.127 (15.95%)

Total 2365175 5115.722


10/15

WHY REFORMS ?

Increase efficiency

Bring accountability Attract Private Sector Investment

Establish an independent and transparentregulatory regime

ROLE OF OERC FUNCTIONS OF OERC POWERS OF OERC

Take measures conducive to anefficient

electricity industry in the State

Safeguard the interests of theconsumers

Prevent monopolistic behaviourby operators

Establish independent andobjective decision

making process

Issue licenses for transmissionand distribution

Regulate the operations of thelicensees

Fix and regulate tariff

Promote competetiveness Create environment for private

sector participation

Ensure fair deal to customers Aid and advise government on

all aspects of electricity industry

Issue/revoke licenses/toapprove/modify/reject tariff

change proposal

Set technical standards and

standards for consumerprotection

Arbitrate between operators

Issue enforcable orders

Review its decision wherevernecessary

THE CUSTOMER ADVANTAGE THE POWER SECTOR ADVANTAGE ADVANTAGE TO THE STATE

Reliable, efficient and safepower supply

Lowest possible rates Awareness and implementation

of rights

Commercial viability

Efficient operation Increased Private Sector

Investment

Availability of adequate andreliable power

Availability of State resourcesfor social sector


11/15

Why the power tariff hike is necessary

Increases in the cost of electric consumption might leave you surprised. But heres the good news. Its not you. Heres your guide to the mystery.

In the last few months electricity tariff hikes have been announced in Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Tamil Nadu among other states, sparking widespread

public protests but what if this tariff hike was necessary and justified?

When it comes to the electricity sector, the key issue in public light is constant availability of electricity with no power cuts and cheap affordable power. Public

outcry has always occurred as and when the retail tari ff payable by consumers for consuming electricity in houses, offices an d industries have been hiked.

Do we really know why the tariff has been hiked or what thought process has gone into determining it?

What is electricity tariff?

Electricity tariff refers to the price at which a power utility charges its consumers for consumption of electricity. These p rices differ with actual consumption,

type of consumer (whether you are domestic or industrial), government structure (in a regulated structure like India the government body determines the tariff),

market situation (state of economy and currency of the nation), applicable taxes, etc.

Simplified brief Schematic of the electricity sector (without the government institutions)


12/15

There is a cost associated with generating electricity. A project that generates electricity sells this electricity to government/private distribution companies like

the Tata Power Delhi Distribution Limited, BSES and Torrent Power at a fixed tariff. They can be referred to as the DISCOMs or utilities, with the aim of

recovering costs and generating some profit like any other business or project. These power utilities supply electricity to i ndividual houses and customers via

connections and charges the consumer a fixed tariff. This tariff is again designed by the government to enable the DISCOM to earn a profit- return and cover all

its fixed, operational and maintenance costs

While the tariff payable is fixed and determined for all sections of society, the state/government out of welfare provides a subsidy to some consumers lik e BPL

consumers; wherein the effective tariff they pay is very low and the rest is paid by the government to the DISCOM.

In India, each state has an overseeing government body called the State electricity regulatory commission (SERC) which determines different tariffs payable to

the generator by DISCOMs and to DISCOMs by retail consumers.
http://thealternative.in/environment/why-the-power-tariff-hike-is-important/attachment/article-2/


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The government spends an extensive amount of time and effort in determining both the retail tariff and tariff payable by DISCOMs to Generators. The

commission takes into consideration each and every comment and point of view; and reasons each and every aspect that goes into determining the tariff. A lot of

analysis and inspection of operations goes into determining the tariff; and the methodology followed is textbook perfect wherein private, public and government

stakeholders are all involved in the decision process.

Like any organization or government norm, there are cases where there are flaws and inefficiencies; but the tariff determination which is heavily influenced by

industry and national economic situation is intended to protect everyones interests. For example, in the latest retail tariff order by theRajasthan SERC,the

subsidy provided to small domestic consumers (the poorer section of society comprising low income households) and the tariff payable by them, both has

increased; but still keeps the effective subsidized tariff payable the same.

The fact that these electricity prices are fairly regulated by the government insulates the end consumer from market and economic volatility. The

famousCalifornia electricity crisis,which followed the deregulation in 2000, saw electricity prices shoot up and traders intentionally manipulating the market

to make monetary gains.

The electricity sector is currently going through a major shake-up and has been heavily criticized for its inefficiencies and shortfalls. Operational and execution

losses are huge and while strict action and focus is required to make the industry and process more efficient, electricity tariff revisions are also required to cope

with financial pressures. The electricity sector is heavily dependent and driven by capital, and commercial and market driven factors pose a great risk.
http://www.rerc.rajasthan.gov.in/http://www.rerc.rajasthan.gov.in/http://www.rerc.rajasthan.gov.in/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enron#California.27s_deregulation_and_subsequent_energy_crisishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enron#California.27s_deregulation_and_subsequent_energy_crisishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enron#California.27s_deregulation_and_subsequent_energy_crisishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enron#California.27s_deregulation_and_subsequent_energy_crisishttp://www.rerc.rajasthan.gov.in/


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(Courtesy: Sankarshan Mukhopadhyay / Flickr CC Attribution License)

Many a times, promised subsidy is delayed or deferred; which puts tremendous pressure on a DISCOMs financial health, leadingto losses. A DISCOM like any

other company also is dependent on loans from banks for both its short-term and long-term operations, and deteriorating financial health will result in i t

defaulting on many loans and the banks refusing to support them. This affects the DISCOMs operations and its obligations to power generators, who will see

this as a risk, pull out and not invest further which will bring the energy generated further down, thus pushing the cost of electricity further up.Tamil

Nadu recently underwent this crisis- where new wind energy project installations which amounts for 35% of the states generated electricity dropped significantly

by nearly 75% because the TN DISCOM was not paying its dues to the windenergy projects.
http://panchabuta.com/2012/10/11/adverse-policies-hinder-wind-energy-investments-in-tamil-nadu/http://panchabuta.com/2012/10/11/adverse-policies-hinder-wind-energy-investments-in-tamil-nadu/http://panchabuta.com/2012/10/11/adverse-policies-hinder-wind-energy-investments-in-tamil-nadu/http://panchabuta.com/2012/10/11/adverse-policies-hinder-wind-energy-investments-in-tamil-nadu/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/article3804359.ecehttp://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/article3804359.ecehttp://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/article3804359.ecehttp://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/article3804359.ecehttp://panchabuta.com/2012/10/11/adverse-policies-hinder-wind-energy-investments-in-tamil-nadu/http://panchabuta.com/2012/10/11/adverse-policies-hinder-wind-energy-investments-in-tamil-nadu/


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When power generators do not get paid, they cannot service their obligations; which ultimately negatively affects the state a s the same generator would not take

the risk of investing again. As per aJune 12 Crisil report,Lancos receivables, as on March 2012, from its Amarkantak power plant in Chhattisgarh were Rs

555 crore,; which led to the downgrade of the power projectscredit rating.

Moving forward the industry should be moving towards reducing tariffs through upgraded technologies and more efficient processes but current market and trade

economics require certain tariff hikes in the short-term. Not hiking the tariff for the consumer might seem politically attractive in the short term but it is a step

that will only augment losses. The netestimated losses of state electricity boards is estimated to be INR 1,90, 000 Crore, with outstanding loans of INR 3.4

trillion as ofJuly 2012.There is an estimated 14,000 Cr ofunpaid billsto the private sector, which has seriously dampened the sectors outlook in the eyes of

investors and banks.

In factBarclays Researchestimated a tariff hike of 25-30 % just to break even. Recently the Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA), Govt. of India approved

the INR 1.90-lakh crore debt restructuring package for the State Electricity Boards to facilitate a turnaround of the State distribution companies (DISCOMs),

which will lead to hike in tariffs.

Short term tariff hikes are important for the sector to sustain what has been pretty much pushed to the limit. Not raising ta riff might result in a lot of investors,

banks and project developers pulling out, the way it was in Tamil Nadu. With the country already short of power, a reduction in the number of projects and

investors will significantly reduce the generation capacity, drive up electricity prices, take us back a couple of years and prove disastrous for the sector.
http://crisil.com/Ratings/RatingList/RatingDocs/LancoAmarkantakPowerLtd_29May12.htmlhttp://crisil.com/Ratings/RatingList/RatingDocs/LancoAmarkantakPowerLtd_29May12.htmlhttp://crisil.com/Ratings/RatingList/RatingDocs/LancoAmarkantakPowerLtd_29May12.htmlhttp://www.business-standard.com/india/news/power-tariff-hikes-by-sebs-bring-relief-to-lanco/169675/onhttp://www.business-standard.com/india/news/power-tariff-hikes-by-sebs-bring-relief-to-lanco/169675/onhttp://www.business-standard.com/india/news/power-tariff-hikes-by-sebs-bring-relief-to-lanco/169675/onhttp://www.dnaindia.com/money/report_seb-loan-recast-may-give-centre-a-bigger-power-sector-role_1718426http://www.dnaindia.com/money/report_seb-loan-recast-may-give-centre-a-bigger-power-sector-role_1718426http://www.dnaindia.com/money/report_seb-loan-recast-may-give-centre-a-bigger-power-sector-role_1718426http://www.asiamoney.com/Article/3091835/Indias-SEB-debt-restructuring-package-is-only-half-the-battle.htmlhttp://www.asiamoney.com/Article/3091835/Indias-SEB-debt-restructuring-package-is-only-half-the-battle.htmlhttp://www.asiamoney.com/Article/3091835/Indias-SEB-debt-restructuring-package-is-only-half-the-battle.htmlhttp://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/sebs-to-benefitholistic-debt-restructuring-pkg-app_761260.htmlhttp://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/sebs-to-benefitholistic-debt-restructuring-pkg-app_761260.htmlhttp://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/sebs-to-benefitholistic-debt-restructuring-pkg-app_761260.htmlhttp://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-09-25/news/34082522_1_power-sector-sebs-canara-bankhttp://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-09-25/news/34082522_1_power-sector-sebs-canara-bankhttp://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-09-25/news/34082522_1_power-sector-sebs-canara-bankhttp://www.thehindu.com/news/national/power-tariffs-set-to-go-up-as-debt-recast-for-sebs-cleared/article3932675.ecehttp://www.thehindu.com/news/national/power-tariffs-set-to-go-up-as-debt-recast-for-sebs-cleared/article3932675.ecehttp://www.thehindu.com/news/national/power-tariffs-set-to-go-up-as-debt-recast-for-sebs-cleared/article3932675.ecehttp://www.thehindu.com/news/national/power-tariffs-set-to-go-up-as-debt-recast-for-sebs-cleared/article3932675.ecehttp://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-09-25/news/34082522_1_power-sector-sebs-canara-bankhttp://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/sebs-to-benefitholistic-debt-restructuring-pkg-app_761260.htmlhttp://www.asiamoney.com/Article/3091835/Indias-SEB-debt-restructuring-package-is-only-half-the-battle.htmlhttp://www.dnaindia.com/money/report_seb-loan-recast-may-give-centre-a-bigger-power-sector-role_1718426http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/power-tariff-hikes-by-sebs-bring-relief-to-lanco/169675/onhttp://crisil.com/Ratings/RatingList/RatingDocs/LancoAmarkantakPowerLtd_29May12.html

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