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8/13/2019 Fish Friendly Turbines [YRC 2013]
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Daniel GaftoiCatalin Popescu
Andreea Bela
Dragos Fratilescu
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DESMHCbilateral research project on SHPP (Ulg & UTCB)
Low head dams
Hydropower unprofitable due to very high investment in
civil worksA lot of existing sites which do not produce electricity
New types of turbines were developed:
VLH
S & D
Archimedes Screw
Characteristics of turbines:
Minor civil works
Fish friendly
Suitable for very low head
Retractable/ movablefree pass of floods*
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1. VLH turbineMJ2 Technologies
Integrated
generating set
Kaplan runner with 8 adjustable
blades
Fix distributor with 18 blades
Trash rack
Generator directly coupled to therunner shaft
Automatic trash rack cleaner
Drunner: 3.15 5.00 (m)
H : 1.4 3.2 (m)
Qinst : 10 30 (mc/s)
P : 100 500 (kW)
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VLH turbine (2)
Mobile moduleit can be raised from the water in order to let
the flood to pass and for inspection/ maintenance purpose
Double regulated adjustable blades and variable speed
Water speed throw turbinesmaller than 2m/s
The module can be used as a gate
Fish Friendly turbine100% surviving
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VLH Turbineexample (1)
MillauFrance (pilot site)
Head: 2.5 mInstalled flow: 22.5 mc/s
Installed power: 410 kW
Energy: 2 GWh/ year
Runner diameter: 4.5 m
In function: March 2007
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VLH Turbineexample (2)
MarcinelleBelgium
(navigation dam)
Head: 3 m
Installed flow: 2 x 15 mc/s
Installed power: 650 kW
Energy: 2 GWh/year
Runner diameter: 3.55 m
instalation: Novembre 2011
Price: 1.000.000 Euros
Time needed for up/ down 20 min
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2. Floated turbines -Rutten
Siphon turbineS (Des Grosses Battes, Liege)
Head: 3 m
Installed flow: 27,5 m3/s
Installed power: 486 kW
Energy: 2,6 GWh/year (2 years)Runner diameter: 3,25 m (92 rot/min)
4 adjustable blades (Kaplan)
Weightturbinated water
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Floated turbinesRutten (2)
Turbine D
Power plant realized from modules
Recommended for low head navigation dams
No civil works Without regulationON / OFF
H: 1.80 4.00 m
Q : 10 18 mc/s
P : 120 560 kW
Downstream min level : 2.5 4 m
Fish Friendly
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Floated turbinesRutten (3)
Turbina D(Hun - HauteMeuse) - testing
Power plant realized from 6 modules
Head: 2.8 mInstalled flow: 6 x 17 m3/s
Installed power: 6 x 400 kW
Energy: 10 GWh/year
Investment: 6 mil Euros
Weight: 350 t
Height of the metal structure: 8 m
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3. Archimedes' screw turbine
Used in ancient times as a water pump.
For the last years the screw was used as aturbine
Fish Friendly Turbine (the screw was used for
movement of the fish from a lake to another)
Rotation speed : 28 30 (rpm)
Head : 1 10 (m)
Qinst : 0.1 15 (mc/s)
P ower: max 200 (kW)
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Archimedes' screw turbine (2)
The screw has an efficiency of 87% for low heads [ 1 10 m].
Robustnessit is given by the simple working and construction principles, and also
the waste tolerance
In Europe are installed more than 200 Archimedes screws.
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Conclusions
Europe still has an important hydropower potential (50% from technical feasible)and existing very low head sites (built for other purposes than hydropower)
represents an important part of it.
Low head sites unprofitable due to major construction works needed for the
classic power station turbines which dontneed major civil works.
The paper presents the state of the art regarding Very low head fish friendly
turbines:
VLH
Omega S and Omega D
Archimedesscrew
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Thank you for your attention