FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM (FPS)DEFINITION:A FPSisasystem that includesdevices, wiring, piping, equipment, andcontrols to detect a fire or smoke, to actuate a signal, and to suppress thefire or smoke.MAIN OBJECTIVES OF A FPS: To save lives To protect property To minimie interr!ptions o" services #!e to o!t$rea% o" "ireORFire Protection &as t&ree ' ( ) ma*or +oals: ,i"e sa"ety ' minim!m stan#ar# in "ire an# $!il#in+ co#es ) Property protection ' typically an ins!rance re-!irement. or a re+!latory re-!irement /&ere t&e protection o" $!il#in+ components is necessary to ena$le li"e sa"ety ) Contin!ity o" operations ' typically "or an ins!rance covera+e )0 Interr!ption o" operations #!e to "ire #ama+e can $e very costly0FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE COST OF A FPS: T&e "ire resistivity o" t&e $!il#in+ Type o" occ!pancy N!m$er o" "loors $elo/ t&e +ro!n# level 1ei+&t o" t&e $!il#in+ A#e-!acy o" escape ro!tes or /ay o!ts T&e #e+ree o" protection #esire#CLASSES OF FIREClass A2Fires o" or#inary com$!sti$le materials. s!c& as /oo#. clot&. paper. r!$$eran# many plasticsMet&o#s o" e3tin+!is&in+ 4 /ater. /ater $ase# c&emicals. #ry c&emicals. CO5Class BFires in "lamma$le li-!i#s. oils. +reases. tars. oil6$ase# paints. lac-!ers 'orvarnis&es) an# "lamma$le +ases0Met&o#s o" e3tin+!is&in+ 4 "oam. #ry c&emicalsClass CFires t&at involve ener+ie# electrical e-!ipment0Met&o# o" e3tin+!is&in+ 4 electrically non6con#!ctive c&emicals.m!ltip!rpose c&emical compo!n#. CO5 a+ent0Class DFires o" com$!sti$le metals. s!c& as ma+nesi!m. titani!m. irconi!m.so#i!m. lit&i!m an# potassi!m0Met&o# o" e3tin+!is&in+ 4 &eat a$sor$in+ e3tin+!is&in+ me#i!m: P!rple 7. Monne3. S!per 7Categories of Fire Protection System Passive "ire 4 "i+&tin+ Active "ire6"i+&tin+Passive fire-fighting system Means t&e #esi+n o" t&e $!il#in+. its str!ct!re. "a$ric.components an# t&eir installation to resist "ire0 OR T&e #esi+n o" t&e str!ct!re or $!il#in+ itsel" to /it&stan# t&e o!t$rea% o" "ire. s!c& as t&e materials !se# to $!il# t&e $!il#in+. "ireprotection #oors. etc0 Passive "ire6"i+&tin+ #eals /it& t&e "ire indirectly. &elps it not to sprea# -!ic%ly or to #elay t&e sprea# o" "ire05Factors that inf!ence Passi"e fire#fighting system: BOMBA'Fire89esc!eDept0 o" M:sia) re-!irements 4i0e0 "ire6"i+&tin+ accessi$ility. "ire escape ro!tes. "ire #oor. etc0 ;ni"orm B!il#in+By ,a/s ';BB,)4Part V22'"irere-!irements)e0+0 +ro!pin+ o" $!il#in+s. compartmentaliation /it&in $!il#in+. "ireresistance. plannin+o" escape ro!tes. etc0 ,ocal a!t&ority 'PBT) re-!irements e0+0 DB7,. MP7J. MPPJ.MBSA B!il#in+ins!rancecompany:sre-!irements 4minim!mle+islativestan#ar#s Man!"act!rer:s materials speci"ication$OM$A (Fire an% Resc!e &e'artment of Maaysia) re(!irements of Passi"e fire#fighting system for a )!i%ing: ,ocation o" sa"e staircaseet riser Foam installation?) A!tomatic e3tin+!is&er systems @as e3tin+!is&er system >ater sprin%ler system ' $ase# on $!il#in+ "!nctions an# occ!pancy):? >et sprin%ler Dry sprin%ler Alternate /et 8 #ry sprin%ler Tail 4 en# sprin%ler Pre6action sprin%ler 9ecyclin+ sprin%lerA) Press!rie# escape ro!tesB) Smo%e e3traction an# ventilation Vents S&op e3tract an# smo%e control S&op e3tractor Mall e3tractorIn +eneral. the &asic e'ements %r c%m$%nents in a "ire6"i+&tin+ system are: >ater s!pply >ater p!mp Fire mains an# 1y#rants Fire monitors Fi3e# /ater sprays ,ive &ose reels Porta$le "ire e3tin+!is&ers Fire &oses "ire "oam!hop e"tractor and #all e"tractor are t/o '5) types o" "ire protection systemin a s&oppin+ centre0S&op e3tractor Is a met&o# o" smo%e an# "ire collection or containment in a s&op lot !nit0 It is controlle# $y t&e tenant or s&op6lot %eeperMall e3tractor Is a common smo%e collection an# containment reservoir at t&e &ei+&t'on top) o" a mall0 It is controlle# $y t&e $!il#in+ o/ner0AFIRE (ETECTORSPrinciples $y /&ic& C"ire #etectorsD operate: 9eaction to &eat 9a#iation to "lames Pro#!cts o" com$!stionMain F!nctions o" C"ire #etectorsD: To +ive /arnin+ t&at a "ire &as ta%en place in !natten#e# locations To activate a!tomatic "ire6"i+&tin+ e-!ipmentsTypes o" C"ire #etectorsD availa$le in in#!stry: 1eat #etectors Smo%e #etectorsA!tomatic "ire alarm #etectors: Bimetallic strip Ioniation c&am$er ,i+&t6scatterin+ #evices ,aser $eamIm'ortant Terms reate% to FireFire #oorB A #oor assem$ly /it&in a $!il#in+ t&at provi#es protection a+ainst t&epassa+e o" "ire T&is #oor m!st $%& $e loc%e# as it is to !se# in emer+ency Fire #oor !s!ally compose# o" com$ination o" materials. s!c& as steel.+yps!m. /&ic& to+et&er "orm a system o" "ire protection0Fire partition A vertical assem$ly o" /all material #esi+ne# to restrict t&e sprea# o" "ire0T&e overall assem$ly s&all &ave a "ire resistance ratin+ 'in &o!rs) e-!al to or +reater t&an t&at speci"ie# in t&e +overnin+ co#e0 Depen#in+ on t&e !se o" t&e $!il#in+ an# /&et&er it &as a sprin%ler system. a "ire partition s&all &ave a ratin+ !p to 5 &o!rs Fire /all A "ire6resistant /all t&at e3ten#s contin!o!sly "rom t&e "o!n#ation o" a $!il#in+ !p to or t&ro!+& t&e roo"0 Fire /alls are rate# in &o!rs0 Depen#in+ on t&e !se o" t&e $!il#in+ an# t&e "ire separation #istance. re-!ire# "ire resistance ratin+s may vary "rom 2 &o!r to ? &o!rs Fire separation #istance Distance in "eet or meters meas!re# "rom t&e "ace o" a $!il#in+ to t&e a#*acent $!il#in+ or t&e nearest p!$lic pat&