8/10/2019 Final Projek De
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1.0INTRODUCTION
Digital electronics, or digital (electronic) circuits,
representsignalsby discrete bands
ofanaloglevels,rather than by a continuous range and it is
description of digital electronics,
gates, flip flops, analog to digital conversion, bits, bytes,
nibbles and more. Digital
electronics uses two voltage levels to represent one of two
possible numbers or states in a
device called a logic gate. Sometime in the description of these
states they are represented in
simple Boolean logic functions; "true" or "false" conditions, or
they can be represented using
a "on" or "off" state and of course in a binary form using a "0"
or a "1". In a gate; if the
voltage level is near 0 volts, it represents a "false", "off" or
"0". If the voltage level is near
the supply voltage normally 5 volts, sometime 3.3 volts it
represents a "true", "on" or a "1".
If we call a 0 or 1 state of a logic gate a bit, and string
together 8 of these gates, we refer to
that as a byte. Four bits of a byte is called a nibble; there
are upper and lower nibbles.
Digital electronics devices are usually made from large
assemblies of logic gates. Digitaltechniques are useful because it
is easier to get an electronic device to switch into one of a
number of known states than to accurately reproduce a continuous
range of values. Digital
electronic circuits are usually made from large assemblies
oflogic gates, simple electronic
representations ofBoolean logic functions.
By studying this subject we have done our final project which is
we need to design a
logic circuit using logic gate multiplexer to produce 12 digit
identity card number. Before we
start this project we had divided the the task for every member
of our group .In this project
we need to apply everything that we had learn in the class and
lab. firstly we need to develop
timer, design the counter , then combine the logic gate and
lastly display the identity card
number by using 7 segment display. A 7-segment decoder takes an
input, typically a 4 bit
binary number, and correctly drives a 7-segment LED display so
that a person can see a
number or letter as opposed to trying to interpret the original
4 bit binary number. The 7-
segment display is so called because it is 7 bar shaped LEDs
arranged in such a way that the
numbers 0 to 9, and letters A to F, can be displayed. Seven
segments is the minimum number
which can uniquely display numbers and that is why they are used
for many calculator or
electronic displays.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal_(electronics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_electronicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_potentialhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logic_gatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boolean_logic#Digital_electronic_circuit_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boolean_logic#Digital_electronic_circuit_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logic_gatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_potentialhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_electronicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal_(electronics)
8/10/2019 Final Projek De
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2.0OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this final project are:
1)
To know details and understand about
a.
Fundamental of sequential logic circuit
b.
Latches
c.
Edge-triggered flip-flops
d.
Standard application of flip-flops, including counters
e.
Circuit Troubleshooting
2)
To make sure we all know all the standard digital components
used in industry.
3)
To provide practical experience for the students to implement
knowledge learnt in
class
4)
To provide exposure on circuit design to the students
a. To design a simple gating system based on knowledge learnt in
previous lab
session
b. To rectify issue caused by design such as unavailable
integrated circuit (IC) in
market
c.
To compare specifications of the unavailable IC and market
available ICd. To modify the circuit if similar IC cannot be
found.
