8/18/2019 Final Obstructive Sleep Apne1

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OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA/HYPOAPNEA SYNDROMERisk Factors and Prevalence PATIENT

• major risk factors for OSAHS are obesity and male sexAdditional risk factors:

mandibular retrognathia and micrognathiapositive family history of OSAHSgenetic syndromes that reduce upper airway patency (e.g.

own syndrome !reacher"#ollins syndrome$adenotonsillar hypertrophy (especially in children$menopause (in women$%ndocrine syndromes (e.g. acromegaly& hypothyroidism$.

MaleObesity

HISTORY AND SYMPTOMSS'O )'* )S !H% +OS! #O++O' #O+,-A)'! *asping or snorting during sleep may also be reported!he most common daytime symptom is sleepinessdry mouthnocturnal heartburndiaphoresis of the chest and necknocturiamorning headachestrouble concentrating)rritability mood disturbances.

-Complain ofdi culty of sleeping-Wakes up during

the night becauseof dryness of thethroat-He fell asleep whilehearing confession-Is irritated andeasily distracted-Loud snorer andchange in positiondoes not seem tohelp

PHYSI A! "#AMINATION FINDIN$SOn e amination patients may e hibit hypertension andregional (central$ obesity as indicated by a large waist andneck circumference.!he oropharyn may reveal a small orifice with crowdingdue to an enlarged tongue& a low"lying soft palate with abulky uvula& large tonsils& a high arched palate& and/ormicro/retrognathia.'asal cavity should be inspected for polyps& septaldeviation and other signs of obstruction.

,ossible left" or right"sided cardiac dysfunction.cor pulmonale suggests severe OSAHS or a comorbidcardiopulmonary condition.

-hypertensi!e"#$%&'()-Obese