Finacial Acconting

7/28/2019 Finacial Acconting

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T.N. Information Systems Ltd.


SAP R/3 - Modules

Accounting

R/3R/3Client / ServerClient / Server

ABAP/4ABAP/4

FIFIFinancialFinancial

AccountingAccounting

COCOControllingControlling

AMAMFixed AssetsFixed Assets

Mgmt.Mgmt.

PSPSProjectProjectSystemSystem

WFWFWorkflowWorkflow

ISISIndustryIndustrySolutionsSolutions

MMMMMaterialsMaterials

Mgmt.Mgmt.

HRHRHumanHuman

ResourcesResources

SDSDSales &Sales &

DistributionDistribution

PPPPProductionProduction

PlanningPlanning

QMQMQualityQuality

Manage-Manage-mementnt PMPM

PlantPlantMain-Main-tenancetenance

Cross ApplicationFunctions

Logistics

Human Resources


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Data Flow: a multi-directional process

Materials Management

MMM

Accounts ReceivableAccounts Receivable Accounts PayableAccounts Payable

EISEIS

ConsolidationConsolidation

Cash ManagementCash Management Asset AccountingAsset Accounting

Gen. ledger

P

Sales & DistributionSales & Distribution


G/L Accounting

Consolidation

General ledger . . .

Chart of accounts

Currency 1,...

EISEISEIS

Financial calendarFinancial calendar

SDSD

MMMM

HRHR

AMAM

MMMM

Customer

Vendor

Closing operationsCompact journalBalance audit trailPrepare balance sheetAdvance sales/purchase tax

returnExport notification

Cash Management

Specialgeneral ledger

Controlling

ReportingGeneral Ledger Information SystemKey figure evaluationFinancial statement evaluation

PlanningInterest calculationCorrespondenceArchiving

J F M A M J J A S O N D

Account

US-GAAPUS-GAAP

specialspecial

evaluationevaluation


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Accounts Payable

!!

MMMM

Account

Down payment

Bill of exchange

Statistics

Vendorevaluation

Balances

Incoming payments

Outstanding receivables

Interest calculation

Correspondence

VendorVendor

Due dateCurrency riskRanking listDay's sales analysis

Reporting

Payment

Payment adviceOrder

CashCashManagementManagement

EDI

OffsettingOffsettingtransactionstransactions

Delivery

Invoice

Invoiceverification/

parking

CheckBank transfer

Offsetting

Bill of exchange

Check/note

Payments

Cash management &Cash management &forecastforecast

COCO

FinancialFinancialcalendarcalendar



Vendors

Controlling

Logistics

Treasury

FinancialAccounting

Purchase requisitionPurchase requisitioncommitments: tocommitments: to

c.center/orderc.center/order

Prelimi-nary

actualActual

PurchasePurchaserequisitionrequisition OrderOrder

Goodsreceipt

Invoicereceipt

(parked)

PaymentCashedchecksG/L G/L

Re-lease

Ven-dors

Liquidity

forecast

Liquidity

forecast

Cash

manage-ment

Electronic

Banking50D

M

PurchasePurchaseorderordercommitments: tocommitments: t oc.center/orderc.center/order


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Accounts Receivable

OrderOrderreceivedreceived !!

SDSD

Dunningletter

Balances

Incoming payments

Outstanding receivables

Interest calculation

Correspondence Due date forecast

Currency riskRanking listDay's sales analysis

Balance audit trailReporting

FinancialFinancialstatementstatement

Invoicing

Delivery

Payment advice

CashCashmanagementmanagement

Head-quarters

Branch

EDI

FinancialFinancialcalendarcalendar


Cashmanagement

& forecast

Account

Down payment

Bill of exchange

Payment guarantee

Creditlimit Payment

transactions

CustomerCustomer

payment


Customers

Sales & distribution

Controlling

Financialaccounting

Treasury

50DM

ForecastedForecastedincomingincoming

ordersordersResultsResults

Goods issueGoods issue InvoiceInvoiceOrders receivedOrders received

CreditCreditreviewreview

Customer/Customer/LedgerLedger

DunningDunningletterletter

GenGen. ledger. ledger

PaymentPayment

CreditCreditreviewreview

LiquidityLiquidity

forecastforecast

LiquidityLiquidity

forecastforecast

ElectronicElectronic

BankingBanking


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Clearing Between Customers - Vendors

Vendor

Clearing withvendor

Dun. procedure

Master recordCustomer A

Master recordMaster record

Customer ACustomer A

Customer

Clearing withcustomer

Dun. procedure

Master recordVendor B

Master recordMaster record

Vendor BVendor B

Dunning notice:Dunning notice:LevelLevel

Item 1Item 1 40,00040,000 22

Item 2Item 2 10,00010,000 11

Item 3Item 3 -20,000-20,000 22

TotalTotal 30,00030,000

Customer A

40,000

10,000

Vendor B

20,000

B

XAAAA

A

XAAAA


Assets Accounting

! Replacement Value

! Acquisition Value

! Depreciation

! Assets Transfer

! Assets Retirement

! Assets Under Construction

! Insurance Data

Assets Accounting

! Replacement Value

! Acquisition Value

! Depreciation

! Assets Transfer

! Assets Retirement

! Assets Under Construction

! Insurance Data

!"#"""#"""$%&'$$$$$$$$$$!(#"""#"""$%&'

Assets Accounting

Revalue


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Information for Cash Management

PurchasingPurchasing

AccountsAccountspayablepayable

TreasuryTreasury

AccountsAccountsreceivablereceivable

SalesSales

OrderOrderGoodsGoodsreceiptreceipt

InvoiceInvoice paymentpaymentAccountAccount

statementstatement

InvoiceInvoicePaymentPayment

receiptreceipt

Accoun tAccount

statementstatement

SalesSalesorderorder

GoodsGoodsissueissue

50DM

Financial planningDelivery date/payment condit ionsPayment behavior his toryupdated

Cash management positionPayment settlement by agreedor planned value dateby value date on account. statement


THAI Localization

SAP R/3 Thai Localization Version

1. Thai Language Translation

2. Thai Localized Requirements Legal Requirements Thai Accounting Standards Others Localized Requirements

VAT W/H Tax PDC Printed Check On-hand Petty Cash


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Chart of Accounts

Operating Chart of Accounts -Provides definition of valid G/L Account Master Records

Chart ofAccounts

CompanyCode

CompanyCode

CompanyCode

Each company codehas only ONE operating

chart of accounts


8/19


The G/L account master record is divided into two segments:A chart of accounts segment and a company code segment.

The chart of accounts segment relates solely to the chart of accounts(that may be used by more than one company code). The company codesegment relates to one particular company code only.

Item management Posting control...

Interestc

alculation

Aut

.posting

contr

ol

Oth

erreferen

cedata

Currency Tax-related

Acct number: 113100

Cash

Balance sheet account:

Income statement acct:

Acco

untgrou

p:

Bank

accou

nts

Chart ofaccountssegment

Companycode

segment

Description:

(Balance c/fwd)

General LedgerBalance P&LT T T T TT T T T TT T T T T

Balance P&L

T T T T TT T T T TT T T T T

G/L Account Master Record - 2 Segments


Reconciliation Accounts

Trade Receivables

aa bb

Recon . account. foracct type: D

Trade Payables

ccdd

Recon . account. foracct type: K

Ge

neralLedger

S

ub-ledgers

Customer

aa bbAcctsRec.

AcctsPay.

Vendor

cc dd


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Reconciliation Accounts

Vendor/Customer/Asset

Subsidiary Ledger.

Reconciliation Acct.G/L Accounting

R/3Document Entry

Parallel

A reconciliation account is a G/L account used to attach Subledger account tothegeneral ledger.

The reconciliation account and subsidiary ledger are updated in parallel whenposting a transaction.

Line item details are kept in the subsidiary ledger.Summary information is kept in the reconciliation account.Reconciliation accounts cannot be posted to.


BALANCE SHEET PROFIT & LOSS

Assets Liabilities Revenues

Expenses

70000 Common Stock

113100 Citibank

113200 Fuji Bank

1000000

800000

200000

Document No: 88675Date: 05.06.200XCompany Code: XXXXCurrency: THB ....

Debit Credit

Stock 1000000Citibank 800000FujiBank 200000

Total: 10000001000000

DOCUMENT

The SAP Document Principle


10/19


R

Document Types

Doc.type Name Numberrange Account types

" AA Asset Accounting 01 ADKMS" AF Depreciationpostings 03 AS

" DR Customer invoice 18 ADMS

" KR Vendor invoice 19 AKMS

" SA G/L accounts (general) 20 DKS

" SB G/L accounts (banks) 20 DKS


R

Document Number Range

01 2000 0000100001 00001999990000100047

02 2001 0000200000 0000399999 X

STOP!STOP!

No. Year From number To number Current no.External

X1X2

These 2 ranges are reserved

for sample and recurringentry documents

To Number


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Posting Keys

Suppressed, opt., req.01 Invoice Debit Customer

11 Credit memo Credit Customer

31 Invoice Credit Vendor

40 Debit posting Debit G/L acct

50 Credit posting Credit G/L acct

P.Key Meaning Debit/CreditAccount type Field statusField status

A, D, K, M, SA, D, K, M, S

Suppressed, opt., req.





valid posting periods

Valid Posting Periods

0101

0202

0303

0404

0505

0606

0707

0808

0909

1010

1111

1212

1313

1414

1515

1616

Fiscal year YYYY

050505 060606

possible closingperiods

131313

0101 0202 0303 0404 0505 0606 0707 0808 0909 1010 1111 1212 1313 1414 1515 1616

050505 060606 070707 080808 090909 101010 111111 121212

0101 0202 0303 0404 0505 0606 0707 0808 0909 1010 1111 1212 131313 1414 1515 1616

050505


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Posting a Document - 4 Dates

Line Item 1 ...

Line Item 2 ...

DocumentControl

Document date:Use for individualpurposes

Document date:Use for individualpurposes

Posting date:Update of transactionfigures

Posting date:Update of transactionfigures

Translation date:Exchange rate datefor postingsin foreign currency

Translation date:Exchange rate datefor postingsin foreign currency

Entry date:Entering time of theposted document

Entry date:Entering time of theposted document

Posting date:

Entry date:

Translation date:

Document date:December21, 1999

December21, 1999

December22, 1999

December23, 1999


This is the document header in detail.

Document Type

Header Text

Reference document

Object type

Entered by

Entry date

Changed on

Arunrat12/1/2000

SA G/L document

Document date

Entry date

Posting period

12/1/2000

12/1/2000

Currency 1 200

Transaction

Time of entry

Last update

FB01

14:29:47

1 2000

DEM

Document Header Detail Analysis

TAX12563

0100001


13/19


Header: 12/1/2000 Comp. Code: 1000

Document # 1 (Reference Document):Document # 1 (Reference Document):

Line Items:Line Items:PK Account Amount40 123000 500050 345560 200050 907902 3000

Header: 15/1/2000 Comp. Code: 1000

Document # 2:Document # 2:

Line Items:Line Items:

PK Account Amount

40 123000 500050 345560 200050 907902 3000

Posting Using Previously Posted Documents


Financial Calendar

# R/3 provides a tool to help organize and monitor monthlyscheduled Financial Accounting Activities.

WK MO

PaymentRun

TU WE TH

DunningDunningDunning

FR SA SU

State-mentsState-ments

05 06

19 24232120 25

PaymentRun

01 29 30 31 01 03 04

07 09 1110

14 15 17 18

2827

13

29 31

02

03

04

05 01

January 199X

Calc.Interest

Calc.Interest

PaymentRun

DunningDunning




14/19


Recurring Entries

Run schedules

Run dates

Enter basic data

Recurring entryoriginal document

Execute recurring entry

program: SAPF 120

Batch Input

Actual document

Recurring entry originaldocumentsare created for frequentlyoccurring

transactions such as interest paidand salary.

The following data is unchangedforrecurring entries : Posting Key

AccountLine item amt.


Foreign Currency processing

Every G/L transaction in R/3 is automatically captured in 2currencies.

Transaction Currency : This is the currency that was input on theheader of the document.Local or Company Code Currency : Currency of the company codein which the document is attached.

It is possible to configure R/3 to capture 2 additional orparallelcurrencies.

The user can display the transaction in any of the currencies

being stored.

Postings to exchange rate difference accounts are madeautomatically.


15/19


Balance Sheet & Income Statement

Financial statements are created using the general ledger of a

company code. The following financial statements can be created:

" Balance Sheet

" Income (Profit & Loss) Statement

Company code

BalancesheetAssets

Liabilities

Sharedequity

Income

statementRevenue

Expenses

Netincome


Financial Statement Versions

------- ----------- ----

Version 1 B/SP/L

B/SP/L

------- ----------- ----

Version 2

Different financial statement versions can be created in the R/3System. A financial statement version:

" Allows a clear and structured view of the general ledger.

" Can be created to meet a companys external reporting requirements as weas some internal reporting needs. For example, an auditor may need a diffeview of the books than an account manager.

Version 2Version 1


16/19



Cost Center - Purpose

Plan Actual

Level of cost responsibility :Where the cost were incurred


17/19


$

Cost Center and Cost Center Hierarchy

F&A

FinanceAccount

Finance Treasury Cashier

Cost Centers

MarketingAdmin. Purchase

Company

Cost centers are organizational units that collect the costs arisingwithin areas of responsibility.


Cost Allocation

Allocation Base : Statistical Key FiguresAllocation Base : Statistical Key Figures

Cost CenterCost Center

Administration"Administration"

Telephone cost:Telephone cost:

100,000.-100,000.-

AccountingAccounting

Employees: 5Employees: 5-> Costs: 50,000.--> Costs: 50,000.-



AdministrationAdministration

ManagementManagement

)*+,'


18/19


The Profit Center

Profit centers collect revenues, and costs from the cost centers forwhich they are responsible.Cost centers collect costs, but do not contain revenues, except

statistically.

Marketing

PublicRelations

Sales and

Distribution

Profit center

Cost centers

Revenue

Costs

Profit=


$

Profit Center and Profit CenterHierarchy

F&A

FinanceAccount

Finance Treasury Cashier

Profit Centers

MarketingAdmin. Purchase

Company

Profit centers are organizational units that collect revenues, andcosts from the cost centers for which they are responsible.


19/19


Posting Logic

FI Data Entry:Line item 001

- G/L Acct 420000

(P & L)- Amount- Controlling object

Line item 002- G/L Acct 113100

(Bal.Sheet)- Amount

G/L Acct (P & L)

420000

G/L Acct (B/S)

113100

FI Document # 1200000089

XX XX

Controlling Object

CO Document # 1000000012

XXCost Element(420000)