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FIFA Glossary Back to Top Host Broadcast Servicesabout us
Company Profile Press Corner Consulting & Services HBS Consulting HBS Services Organisation Host Broadcasting Production and Programming HBS missions2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil™
Overview MilestonesOther FIFA Events
HBS' ROLEFRENCH FOOTBALL LEAGUE LFP 32nd AMERICA's CUP15TH ASIAN GAMES DOHA 2006 2006 FIFA WORLD CUP GERMANY™
Overview BIM WBM1 WBM2 PRELIMINARY DRAW FINAL DRAW
ORGANISATION THE LOC (OK2006) logistics STADIUMS PRODUCTION PLAN NEW MEDIA IBC TELECOM OPERATIONS VENUE OPERATIONS MILESTONES TO 2006FIFA Confederations Cup 2009
Overview PRODUCTION TELECOM INFO and LIAISON BOOKING2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa™
HBS' Role OVERVIEW Preliminary Draw Final Draw Milestones to 2010 HBS officesFind Us Contact Us Search within HBS Home Jobs News Archives Downloads FAQs Glossary
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Accreditation
Accreditation or accreditation badge is the work Access Device providing right of entry to a venue or IBC and various zones within a specified location. See also Supplementary Access Device (SAD).
AD Access Device (normally referring to accreditation).
Additional Feeds The digital video signals other than the Basic International Feed/Extended Stadium Feed and the Multi-Feeds
which are produced by the Host Broadcaster (for example, the Clips Compilation Channel and the Mobile Match Feed).
AFC Asian Football Confederation, based in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
AHU Air Handler Units.
Analogue A continuously variable signal, circuit or device.
Announce Platform Bookable position available to MRLs for stand-ups. Generally located in an upper deck of the stadium with a
background view of the venue.
Assistant Producer The Assistant Producer oversees the needs of the multilateral production teams, liaising with the FMO (FIFA
Media Officer), the technical team and the production team — for example during Flash interviews.
Associated Services Bookable services or facilities “associated” with the match, including pre- and post-unilateral transmissions,
commentary positions, announce positions or flash interview positions, used just prior to, during, or directly after a match.
Audio Server A bookable off-site access service for radio broadcasters offering broadcast quality audio tracks of interviews
and press conferences of every team in the tournament.
Beauty Shot Camera A fixed camera positioned to shoot wide-angle "beauty" shots. Installed in most cases on or under the stadium
roof.
Bib A Supplementary Access Device (SAD) in the form of a vest worn in access-restricted areas such as on-field
positions (worn by cameraman and on-field ENG crews). See Supplementary Access Device (SAD).
BIF Basic International Feed. See also Extended Stadium Feed (ESF).
BIM FIFA Broadcast Information Meeting.
BIO Broadcast Information Office. This office is the central information point for MRLs at each venue and at the
IBC.
BLO Broadcast Liaison Officer. Broadcast Liaison Officers provide assistance to MRLs at the venues during each
match. Responsibilities include the coordination of pre- and post-unilaterals, and generally assisting commentators and unilateral ENG camera crews. They are part of the Broadcast Information Office team.
BOF Booking Order Form. Broadcasters express their requests for unilateral services described in the Catalogue of
Services (COS) using specific forms known as Booking Order Forms (BOFs). These forms are grouped in several batches corresponding to the different booking deadlines set for the event.
Bookable Facilities Technical or production services, facilities or equipment available to MRLs on a permanent or temporary
basis.
Broadcast Compound The exterior area at the venue designated for the parking of mobile technical and production trucks, office
trailers and other vehicles.
BSS Booking Software System. Dedicated software developed by HBS for the management of the booking
operations.
BVM Broadcast Venue Manager. Oversees all broadcast related matters at the venues for which s/he is
responsible, including all multilateral and unilateral requirements in accordance to the booking requests HBS receives prior to the event.
C of J/CoJ City of Johannesburg.
CAF Confédération Africaine de Football, based in Cairo, Egypt.
CATV Community Antenna Television. Cable distribution of TV channels, e.g. within the IBC and the stadiums.
CCR Commentary Control Room. Controls commentary operations at a stadium. It is located as close as possible
to the commentary position area. The CCR is the audio circuit hand-over point between HBS and Telecommunications.
CCU Commentary Control Unit. CCUs are located in the Commentary Control Room (CCR). Every Commentary
Unit (CU) is linked by cable to a CCU. Each CCU controls ten CUs. All audio signals to and from commentators are controlled by the CCU.
CEO
Chief Executive Officer. The CEO of HBS is Francis Tellier.
CIS Commentary Information System. TV channels delivering competition information and statistics. Sometimes
interactive version, PC-based.
Clips Compilation Channel A channel which gives MRLs access to angles which are not part of the main match feed (BIF/ESF); these are
available in near real-time.
CMS Commentator Monitoring System. CATV distribution in commentary positions, including TV feeds and CIS.
Coach On Arrival Brief interviews of coaches or assistant coaches conducted at the time of the team bus arrival at the stadium.
Codec Signal adapter used to code/decode analogue TV and Radio signals into data.
ComCam Commentary position with Camera. A small camera that provides a shot of the commentators. This camera is
controlled (tilt, pan, focus and zoom) from the commentary position, or remotely from a unilateral OB van.
Commentary Circuit Audio circuit for commentary going from the commentary position to the IBC or the destination of the MRLs.
Commentary Position A seated position at the venue from where a commentator narrates the event. The equipment of the position
varies according to the event. In general, they are equipped with chairs, two TV sets showing the International Signal and match statistics (CIS), and a commentary unit with headsets.
Commentator Radio or television sports announcer narrating the event.
Compound See Broadcast Compound.
CONCACAF Confederation of North, Central American and Caribbean Association Football, based in New York, USA.
Confederations The six continental confederations under the patronage of FIFA, the World Football Governor. Each
confederation has responsibility for a geographic area, such as Europe or Africa.
CONMEBOL Confederación Sudamericana de Fútbol, based in Asunción, Paraguay.
Coord Circuit/Coordination Circuit
Communication circuit usually composed of two voice-grade telephony channels that facilitate the operational control and supervision of a production.
COPDA Catalogue of Pre-Designed Areas.
COS Catalogue of Services. The COS details all HBS Services and Facilities at the IBC and at the venues, as well
as satellite distribution and general booking information.
CRS Central Results System.
CSA Common Service Area (at the SMC).
CSC Commentary Switching Centre. Controls and patches all national and international commentary and co-
ordination audio circuits. The CSC is adjacent to the Master Control Room at the IBC.
CSF Clean Extended Stadium Feed. Clean (e.g. without graphics) version of the BIF/ESF.
CU Commentary Unit. A box to which commentators connect their microphones and headphones to feed/receive
audio circuits to/from their home studio.
DA Distribution Amplifier.
dB Decibel. A unit used to express relative difference in power or intensity, usually between two acoustic or
electric signals, equal to ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the two levels.
DC Direct Current.
Digital A method of producing, broadcasting and receiving television signals using digital (computer) technology to
convert sound and pictures into a series of digits in much the same way as a PC stores data.
Downlink Segment of a satellite transmission from the satellite to a receiving dish.
DP Domestic Power.
Draw
An event held for the qualifying (by geographic location) and the final tournament (event) groups of the FIFA World Cup™. In the Final Draw, the strongest teams are seeded first in each group, to prevent them from competing against one another in the first rounds of the event. Draw ceremonies are fundamentally important to the tournament and attract extensive media coverage, including television.
Dub The duplication of an electronic recording.
DVTR Digital Video Tape Recorder.
DWDM Dense Wavelength Division Multiplex. An optical technology used to increase bandwidth over existing fibre
optic backbones.
EBIF Show The Extended Basic International Feed Show, available only at the IBC, provides MRLs with extended match
coverage including the period before and after the Basic International Feed. In general, this starts 30 minutes before kick-off and ends 30 minutes after the final whistle.
EDL Edit Decision List.
Emblem A graphic symbol specific to a sports event or a sports federation.
ENG Electronic News Gathering. Sometimes referred to as a TV crew.
ENG/Positions Platform Platform dedicated to unilateral ENG (or live) cameras. Exact location of ENG platforms in stands varies
according to the venues. Positions are labelled and access is subject to having a special accreditation device. ENG positions are supervised by Broadcast Liaison Officers (BLOs).
ESF Extended Stadium Feed. A feed available to MRLs to offer added flexibility. This feed now incorporates the
former BIF and is considered the basic feed.
Event Shall refer to the 64 matches involving the 32 qualified national teams competing for the FIFA World Cup
Trophy at the 2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa™.
FAQ Frequently Asked Question(s).
FBST FIFA Broadcaster Servicing Team.
FCC
FIFA Confederations Cup. The FCC, like the FIFA World Cup™, is played once every four years. The last edition was played across four of the ten FIFA World Cup™ venues in South Africa from 14-28 June 2009.
Feed Television or radio program transmitted, or fed, to MRLs.
FIFA Fédération Internationale de Football Association, the world governing body of association football, with
headquarters in Zurich, Switzerland.
FIFA Digital Archive The web-based graphics platform which includes the various event marks, trophies, mascots, official music
and branding guidelines.
FIFA Max Server A dedicated footage library where images are uploaded and logged for MRLs to use in their own
programming. Formerly known as the Media Server.
FIFA Media Channel The web-based information platform from which all media can download important information on the Other
FIFA Events and the 2010 FIFA World Cup™.
FIFA On-Air Graphics The graphics website that includes television graphics to be incorporated by the Media Rights Licensees for
their individual transmissions.
FIFA Partner Commercial affiliates which have acquired the most comprehensive package of global sponsorship and other
commercial rights from FIFA in relation to the event.
FIFA TV Extranet The web-based information platform from which Media Rights Licensees can download important information
relating to their broadcasts of the 2010 FIFA World Cup™.
FIFA TV Features Crew Eight FIFA TV Feature Crews will travel throughout South Africa gathering additional feature footage of both
the host country and of the event.
FIFA TV Team Crews FIFA has assigned one ENG crew for each Participating Member Association (PMA) to collect material
specific to that team.
FIFA World Cup™ Sponsor The six to eight sponsors recruited by FIFA for the 2010 FIFA World Cup™ that have a premium package of
marketing rights.
FIFA World Cup™ Update A concise review of the day’s leading FIFA World Cup™ stories.
Final
The last match of 2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa™ which will determine the overall competition champion. The date for the Final is 11 July 2010, to be held at the Soccer City Stadium in Johannesburg.
Final Draw The Final Draw determines the groups of the first round of the World Cup Finals. It will take place on 4
December 2009 in Cape Town, South Africa.
Flash Interview Brief interviews of players or coaches done either at half-time or at the end of the match.
FOP Field of Play.
Frequency The number of cycles per second of wave signal. Measured in Hertz (Hz) or kiloHertz (kHz) or Megahertz
(MHz).
Gfx Graphic effects.
GMT (see UTC) Greenwich Mean Time.
GNS Ground and Neutral Separated
HB Host Broadcaster. The entity appointed by FIFA to produce, and procure the worldwide distribution to Media
Rights Licensees of, the feeds in accordance with FIFA’s requirements. For the 2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa™, FIFA has appointed HBS as Host Broadcaster.
HBS Host Broadcast Services. The dedicated host broadcast organisation of the 2002, 2006, 2010 and 2014 FIFA
World Cups™ and the FIFA Confederations Cup 2009 (and FIFA’s host broadcasting consultant for all Other FIFA Events). HBS is wholly owned by Infront Sports & Media, based in Zug, Switzerland.
HD/HDTV High Definition Television. High-resolution digital television (DTV) combined with Dolby Digital surround
sound. HBS will provide all 64 matches of FIFA World Cup™ in Widescreen 16/9 HDTV digital format.
Host Cities The nine cities designated to host matches during the 2010 FIFA World Cup™. The cities are:
Mangaung/Bloemfontein, Cape Town, Durban, Johannesburg (two venues), Nelspruit, Polokwane, Nelson Mandela Bay/Port Elizabeth, Tshwane/Pretoria and Rustenburg.
HVAC Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning.
IBC
International Broadcast Centre. The centre of the FIFA World Cup™ broadcast operations. The IBC is located in Johannesburg in the Jo’burg Expo Centre, part of the Nasrec complex.
IBCC International Broadcast Coordination Centre. The Broadcast Coordination Centre for FIFA events other than
the FIFA World Cup™.
ICASA Independent Communications Authority of South Africa. Regulator of the South African communications and
broadcast sector.
IFB Interruptible Fold Back.
Infront Sports & Media AG Infront Sports & Media AG - of which HBS is a 100% subsidiary - is an international sports marketing
company with an exceptional track record on major events.
Injection Point Technical facility that allows MRLs to playback and send recorded footage.
IRS International Radio Signal.
ISDN Integrated Switched Digital Network. A telephone-like digital technology allowing better audio quality for
transmission and a number of implementation types allowing digital data transfer between 64 kbps (DSO) and 274.1 Mbps (DS4/T4).
Isolated Feeds Individual feeds made available to MRLs from cameras used for the coverage of matches.
IT Information Technology.
LOC Local Organising Committee of the 2010 FIFA World Cup™.
LSM Live Slow Motion Machine
MAC Main Accreditation Centre.
Match A football match (including the toss, playing of national anthems, extra time and - if applicable - penalty shoot-
out phases of each match) comprising and forming the Event.
MCIS Multi-Channel International Sound-track.
MCR Master Control Room. Located at the IBC, the MCR is the technical control centre housing all HBS equipment
for the switching and distribution of multilateral and unilateral radio and television signals.
MD Match Day. MD –1 refers to the day before the match.
MDS Master Delivery Schedule.
Media Conference A meeting in a room within the stadium to which only media representatives have access and at which they
may pose questions to the coaches and/or players present. There is a chairperson for the meeting, who will sit up on a stage with the coach/players, while the journalists will have chairs facing them. Behind the journalists will be a second, raised, level for TV cameras.
Media Server See FIFA MAX Server.
Media Tribune Part of the grandstand or other stand in the stadium specifically reserved for media such as written press,
photographers, TV and radio commentators, observers. Accessible only with accreditation and SADs.
Member Association The association governing football in each territory, affiliated to continental confederations and to FIFA. Each
member association organises its own domestic club competitions.
Mixed Zone Mixed Zone (MZ). An interview area at the venue where players and general media “mix” to conduct some of
the post-match interviews. Located in general between players’ locker rooms and stadium exit.
MNO Mobile Network Operator.
Mobile Feed A dedicated Mobile Match Feed for mobile telephone users.
MPC Main Press Centre.
MRL Media Rights Licensee. An organisation which has been granted certain media rights to a relevant FIFA Event
in a particular territory or territories.
Multi-Feeds Feeds made available to MRLs (according to their respective MRL rights contracts) in addition to the BIF/ESF.
Formerly known as Super Feeds or Supplementary Feeds.
Multilateral One or more feeds and/or services provided and/or coordinated by HBS for the collective benefit of all the
MRLs or a group of broadcasters according to their rights contract with FIFA.
Multilateral Signal Television or radio signal produced at the venue by the Host Broadcaster and distributed to MRLs.
NASREC National Sports and Recreation Exhibition Centre (NASREC). Home of the Johannesburg Expo Centre which
will house the IBC.
NLE Non-Linear Editing.
OB Van Outside Broadcast Van. Mobile production studios used to produce coverage of an event.
Observer Seat A seated position at the venue, generally adjacent to the commentary positions and used by radio and TV
accreditation cardholders for observation only. A Supplementary Access Device (SAD) must be obtained from the HBS Broadcast Information Office to access this facility. This service is subject to arbitration.
OFC Oceania Football Confederation, with headquarters in Auckland, New Zealand.
OFE Other FIFA Events, which are all the FIFA events except the FIFA World Cup™.
Off-Tube Commentary Booth An equipped commentary position installed at the IBC for out-of-venue commentary of a match.
Opening Match The first match of 2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa™. The first game of the competition will be played June
11, 2010 at Soccer City, Johannesburg.
PA Public Address.
Permanent Highlights Feed Feed starting ten minutes prior to kick-off and offering highlights produced and made available at the IBC on a
specific channel. These highlights are updated after every significant action of play and replayed in a loop.
PlayerCam Feed Feed which offers dedicated coverage of players from team A and team B. Feeds are independently directed
with three players per team covered in 15 minutes intervals per half.
PMA
Participating Member Association.
Post Production Centre/Server Produces all program material for the pre and post match period. Non-linear work/editing stations access
content stored on the server, capable of recording the feeds/coverage from the venues, and coverage fed by ENG teams.
Post Unilateral Bookable service available to MRLs produced after a match, e.g. in the venue studio or other position.
POV Point of View.
Power Supply The LOC will provide domestic and technical power at the venues based on specifications provided by HBS.
Technical power will be available the day before and on match day. At the IBC, power will be provided to MRLs based on their respective bookings via the BOF.
Preliminary Draw The Preliminary Draw determined the continent-specific qualifying groups for the 2010 FIFA World Cup South
Africa™. The Preliminary Draw took place in Durban on 25 November 2007.
Presentation Studios Studios featuring a view of the pitch, available for MRLs to book on a per-match basis.
Promo Promotional Feature.
Rate Card See Catalogue of Services (COS).
RF Radio frequency. Refers to wireless transmission or equipment.
RH Rights Holder.
RIS Radio International Sound.
RSP Remote Search Park.
RTV Radio and Television.
RX [≠TX] Reception.
SAC Stadium Accreditation Centre.
SAD Supplementary Access Device or SAD, typically used to designate supplementary credentials. Supplementary
Access Devices are required for entry into specific areas and/or unilateral facilities at venues on match days, in addition to the Accreditation Card.
SAFA South Africa Football Association.
SAFA House Home of the South Africa Football Association and the LOC.
Satellite Farm Area dedicated to parabolic satellite dishes. Also referred to as a Dish farm.
SDI Serial Digital Interface is a digitized video format used for broadcast video which transmits digital component
signals. There is also a high-definition version of SDI called HD-SDI.
SDTV Standard Definition TV.
SMC Stadium Media Centre. A designated area at each stadium with facilities for all sections of the media including
work spaces, computer terminals and information and help desks.
SNG Satellite News Gathering. Portable mobile unit capable of up-linking a signal to satellite from a remote
location. Usually refers to news- gathering vehicles equipped with a satellite dish.
SSM Super Slow Motion.
Stadiums The facility/ies in which the tournament games will be played. The Random House Dictionary accepts ‘stadia’
as first reference and ‘stadiums’ second as the plural form of stadium. Both are correct, with ‘stadiums’ the less formal of the two. The Associated Press Stylebook uses ‘stadiums’.
Studios Radio or TV studio leased by MRLs on an exclusive basis to produce a programme. Studios are available
equipped or unequipped.
TA Technical Annex. The TA describes the rights, roles and obligations regarding all broadcast operations for the
2010 FIFA World Cup™ between FIFA, the Local Organising Committee (LOC) and HBS.
Tactical Feed A dedicated camera that provides a continuous wide-angle shot of the pitch, allowing MRLs to identify and
comment on tactical situations. Installed in most cases on the stadium roof.
TBCH Team Base Camp Hotel.
Telecom Telecommunication Service Provider.
TOC Technical Operations Centre. Each venue has a TOC, which is the control centre for the transport of circuit
transmissions from a venue to an IBC, as well as for audio and video signal exchange at the venue.
TP Technical Power.
Transponder A satellite’s own receiver and transmitter.
TVIS Television International Soundtrack.
TX [≠RX] Transmission.
UEFA Union des Associations Européennes de Football. The governing body of football on the continent of Europe,
UEFA is headquartered in Nyon, Switzerland.
UM Ultra Motion.
Unilateral A feed and/or service provided and/or coordinated by HBS or a feed produced by an individual MRL, for the
individual use of the respective MRL.
Unilateral Camera Positions Unilateral camera positions platforms, which provide space for cabled or hand-held MRL cameras. See ENG
positions/platforms.
Unilateral Flash Interviews A service available at each venue. Interviews will be conducted in a unilateral flash interview zone, between
the pitch and locker rooms. Each interview area will allow the set-up of two to six unilateral camera positions. Rules will be decided with FIFA.
Uplink
Station transmitter used to send television signals from the Earth to a satellite.
UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply. A secondary power supply that provides service in the event the main AC
power degrades or fails.
UTC Universal Time Coordinated. UTC marks the starting point of each time zone in the world from the Greenwich
meridian. Time in South Africa is UTC +2 hours (daylight saving time is in use during the 2010 FIFA World Cup™) during the 2010 FIFA World Cup™.
VAC Venue Accreditation Centre. Accreditation centre in one of the official venues; may also be located in a hotel
for the purpose of accrediting special constituencies.
VandA Video and Audio. Typically refers to a video and audio circuit, for example, between a venue and the IBC.
VAP Vehicle Access Permit. Accreditation device required for vehicle entry into a venue.
Venue Stadium. There are ten official 2010 FIFA World Cup™ stadiums based in South Africa for the event.
VOD Video on Demand.
VSTH Venue-Specific Team Hotel.
VTM Venue Technical Manager. The main contact point for all HBS technical related problems at venues during the
2010 FIFA World Cup™.
VTR Video Tape Recorder.
WBM FIFA World Broadcaster Meeting. Two FIFA World Broadcaster Meetings, WBM1 and WBM2, were held prior
to the 2010 FIFA World Cup™, between FIFA, HBS and the MRLs.
Widescreen Improved format that allows viewers to watch images on a wide 16/9 screen, (16 arbitrary units wide by 9
units high), which is one-third wider than 4/3 screens.
World Feed The multilateral satellite transmission of the International Signal.
ZAR Zrand/rand. The currency of South Africa.
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