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7/28/2019 Feudalism and the Tudors
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Feudalism
Feudalism was introduced in England in 1066 following the Battle
of Hastings and the Norman Conquest.
Became a way of life in Medieval
England and remained for many
centuries.
William the Conqueror who was crowned King William I of
England .
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All land was owned by the King.
The feudal system was a way of government based on
obligations between the lord or king and vassal.
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The knights served the barons and the peasants
served the knights.
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Barons : They were known as the Lord of
the Manor and were in complete control of
this land
King = had complete control in the
feudal system, he owned land and
leased them out to Lords.
They had to serve on the royal council,
pay rent and provide the King with Knights
for military service when he demanded it.
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Knights were given land by a Baron in return for military
service when demanded by the King. They also had to
protect the Baron and his family, as well as the Manor,
from attack.
The Knights kept as much of the land as they wished fortheir own personal use and distributed the rest to villeins
(serfs). Although not as rich as the Barons, Knights were
quite wealthy.
The knights divided their
land up and gave it to the
peasants who had to pay
taxes.
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The land in England was claimed and divided : (about 20% ),the church (about 25%) and the remainder of English land
was given to Norman soldiers and nobles (barons)
Medieval Serfs worked for his lord's
land and paid him certain dues in return
for the use of land, the possession (not
the ownership) of which was heritable.
When the land changed owners the
peasants were obliged to work for the
new owners - the Normans.
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The Peasants or Serfs:
Everything they owned, their food, homes,
and animals all belonged to the lord ofthemanor
To gain freedom a peasant had to save
money for his own land or marry a free
person.
They were given land by Knights.
They had to provide the Knight with free labour, food and
service whenever it was demanded.
They had no rights,were not allowed to leave the Manorand had to ask their Lord's permission before they could
marry, they were poor.
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Taxes were not paid in money.
They were paid in products and services.
At harvest time, the vassals gave shares of their crops to thelords.
When animals were killed for food, part of the meat was
given to the lords. The lords promised to give protection,
peace, and safety to their vassals.
http://simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/harvesthttp://simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/harvest7/28/2019 Feudalism and the Tudors
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The Decline of Feudalism
The Crusades and travel during the Middle
Ages opened new trade options to England.
The Black Death - this reduced the population
of England by one third.
The Peasants Revolt - Peasants realised their worth
and demanded changes. For the first time peasants
had joined together in order to achieve political
change.
From the 12th century onward feudalism came
under attack from various rival forces.
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The towns, growing in economic power and even forming their
own militias, was able to a large extent to impose their own
concepts about society against those of the knights.
Finally, the manorial system, the
material basis of the knightly class, in
the 12th and 13th centuries underwent a
deep economic crisis.
More trade saw the growth of more
towns
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Peasants moved away from the country into towns they were
eventually allowed to buy their freedom.
Land was rented and the rights
of lords over labour decreased
rich nobles were allowed to pay for soldiers
rather than to fight themselves.
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At the end of the Middle Ages King Henry VIII
clashed with the Pope and England subsequently
broke with the Catholic church of Rome and the
power of the Pope
Life changed and Mercenaries were hired from all
over Europe.
The Mercenaries had few allegiances, except
to money, and these paid fighting men were
feared throughout Europe.
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THE TUDORS
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The Tudor was a family dynasty
which ruled England from 1485-1603. During its period under
the rule of the House of Tudor,
England underwent a
substantial number of political,
economic, social, and religious
reforms which dramatically
altered the future of the country
and its people. Two of England's
most well-known monarchs
were members of the Tudor
Dynasty: Henry VIII and his
daughter Elizabeth I.
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HENRY VII
He was King of England and
Lord of Ireland from his seizingthe crown on 22 August 1485
until his death on 21 April
1509, as the first monarch of
the House of Tudor.
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HENRY
VIII
He was King of England from
21 April 1509 until his death. He
was Lord, and later King, of
Ireland, as well as continuing
the nominal claim by the
English monarchs to theKingdom of France. Henry was
the second monarch of the
Tudor dynasty, succeeding his
father, Henry VII.
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ELIZABETH I
Elizabeth I (known simply as
"Elizabeth" until the accession of
Elizabeth II; 7 September 1533 24 March 1603) was queen
regnant of England and Ireland
from 17 November 1558 until
her death. Sometimes called
"The Virgin Queen", "Gloriana"
or "Good Queen Bess",
Elizabeth was the fifth and last
monarch of the Tudor dynasty.
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