Directions: As you view the first section of the slide show you must fill out the student comparison sheet in order to answer the questions.1. Comparison One: How do the two regions compare politically?2. Compare Shotoku Taishi and Charlemagne.

Yamato Period

JapanJapan

Yamato Period: 300 Yamato Period: 300 A.C.E.-710 A.C.E.A.C.E.-710 A.C.E.

JapanJapan

Yamato Period: 300 Yamato Period: 300 A.C.E.-710 A.C.E.A.C.E.-710 A.C.E.

Began promoting Began promoting adoption of Chinese adoption of Chinese culture:culture: ConfucianismConfucianism Language (characters)Language (characters) Buddhist sectsBuddhist sects Chinese art & architectureChinese art & architecture Government structureGovernment structure

Began promoting Began promoting adoption of Chinese adoption of Chinese culture:culture: ConfucianismConfucianism Language (characters)Language (characters) Buddhist sectsBuddhist sects Chinese art & architectureChinese art & architecture Government structureGovernment structure

Prince Shotoku Taishi

Prince Shotoku Taishi : Prince Shotoku Taishi : 573-621573-621

Prince Shotoku Taishi : Prince Shotoku Taishi : 573-621573-621 Adopted Chinese culture and

Confucianism

Buddhist sects allowed to develop.

He is considered the father of Buddhism in Japan

Created new government structure:

17 Article Constitution

Highly Confucian and focused on morals to be expected of government officials and subjects.

Emperor ruled with absolute authority and was considered divine.

Europe in the 6Europe in the 6thth centurycenturyEurope in the 6Europe in the 6thth centurycentury

Charlemagne: 742 to 814 Charlemagne: 742 to 814 A.C.A.C.Charlemagne: 742 to 814 Charlemagne: 742 to 814 A.C.A.C.

EuropeCharlemagne: 742 – 814 A.C.E.

Holy Roman Empire

Created an imperial bureaucracyStandardized weights and measuresImperial Ruler (Absolute Authority)Empire

Pope Crowned Pope Crowned CharlemagneCharlemagneHoly Roman Emperor: Dec. Holy Roman Emperor: Dec. 25, 800. This firmly tied the25, 800. This firmly tied the

Role of Role of

Emperor toEmperor to

The will of The will of

God.God.

Pope Crowned Pope Crowned CharlemagneCharlemagneHoly Roman Emperor: Dec. Holy Roman Emperor: Dec. 25, 800. This firmly tied the25, 800. This firmly tied the

Role of Role of

Emperor toEmperor to

The will of The will of

God.God.

Charlemagne’s EmpireCharlemagne’s EmpireCharlemagne’s EmpireCharlemagne’s Empire

Charlemagne’s Empire Charlemagne’s Empire Collapses: Treaty of Collapses: Treaty of VerdunVerdun843843

Charlemagne’s Empire Charlemagne’s Empire Collapses: Treaty of Collapses: Treaty of VerdunVerdun843843Divided the Empire betweenCharlemagne’s sons. Ending the 3 year long Carolingian War.

Europe: England: Europe: England: Magna Carta, 1215Magna Carta, 1215Europe: England: Europe: England: Magna Carta, 1215Magna Carta, 1215 King John I of King John I of

England England

Forced to sign the “Great Charter”

-monarchs were not above the law.

- kings had to consult a council of advisors.

-kings could not tax

arbitrarily.

Compare to the Japanese constitution of Prince Shotoku

Comparison Two: Religion and Religious Institutions

Compare the ways Buddhism spread in China and the ways Christianity spread in Europe.

Compare the roles of monks and monasteries in the two religions.

Japan

Zen Buddhism

Japan

Zen BuddhismJapanese variation of Buddhism

Came from India through China

Reinforced Bushido values of mental and self-discipline

Buddhist monasteries became very wealthy

Buddhist Missionaries converted many peoples through miracle working.

Conversion was never forced.

Monasteries were centers of learning, charity, and protection for the poor.

East Asian Buddhism (Open Land and Zen Buddhism) promised Salvation for its followers

The Medieval Catholic The Medieval Catholic ChurchChurchThe Medieval Catholic The Medieval Catholic ChurchChurchMonasticism:

- Benedictine Rule of poverty, chastity, and obedience were enforced for monks.

-Provided schools for the children of the upper class.

- Served as inns, hospitals, refuge in times of war.

-Maintained libraries & scriptoria to copy books and illuminate manuscripts.

-monks became missionaries to the barbarians and many conversions came about due to miracles performed

-Conversion was both voluntary and forced depending on the region.

-Christianity was brought to Europe from the Fertile Crescent

-Christianity promised salvation for its followers

Social and Political: Compare the Japanese Heian Period with the High Middle Ages leading to the Renaissance in Europe

Heian Period: 794-Heian Period: 794-11561156

Heian Period: 794-Heian Period: 794-11561156 Growth of large landed estatesGrowth of large landed estates

Arts & literature of China Arts & literature of China flourishedflourished Elaborate court life [highly Elaborate court life [highly refined]refined] Personal diaries Personal diaries

The Pillow BookThe Pillow Book by Sei Shonagon [10 by Sei Shonagon [10thth century] A story of court life.century] A story of court life.

First novelFirst novelThe Tale of GenjiThe Tale of Genji by Lady Murasaki by Lady Murasaki ShikibuShikibu[1000 pgs.+][1000 pgs.+]

Moving away from Chinese Moving away from Chinese models inmodels in religion, arts, and government religion, arts, and government and and becoming more uniquely becoming more uniquely JapaneseJapanese

Growth of large landed estatesGrowth of large landed estates Arts & literature of China Arts & literature of China flourishedflourished Elaborate court life [highly Elaborate court life [highly refined]refined] Personal diaries Personal diaries

The Pillow BookThe Pillow Book by Sei Shonagon [10 by Sei Shonagon [10thth century] A story of court life.century] A story of court life.

First novelFirst novelThe Tale of GenjiThe Tale of Genji by Lady Murasaki by Lady Murasaki ShikibuShikibu[1000 pgs.+][1000 pgs.+]

Moving away from Chinese Moving away from Chinese models inmodels in religion, arts, and government religion, arts, and government and and becoming more uniquely becoming more uniquely JapaneseJapanese

Heian Period:Heian Period:Cultural BorrowingCultural Borrowing

Heian Period:Heian Period:Cultural BorrowingCultural Borrowing

1.1.Chinese writingChinese writing

2.2.Chinese artistic stylesChinese artistic styles

3.3.Buddhism [Zen]Buddhism [Zen]

4.4.BUT, not Chinese civil BUT, not Chinese civil service system!service system!

1.1.Chinese writingChinese writing

2.2.Chinese artistic stylesChinese artistic styles

3.3.Buddhism [Zen]Buddhism [Zen]

4.4.BUT, not Chinese civil BUT, not Chinese civil service system!service system!

Japan: Heian Period

-Women have many rights and freedoms-Court life is highly refined-Poetry and art flourish-Shoguns take real power over government-Economy based on agriculture and land ownership

Heian Court DressHeian Court DressHeian Court DressHeian Court Dress

The Pillow BookThe Pillow Bookby Sei Shonagon (diary)by Sei Shonagon (diary)

The Pillow BookThe Pillow Bookby Sei Shonagon (diary)by Sei Shonagon (diary)

Lady Murasaki ShikibuLady Murasaki ShikibuLady Murasaki ShikibuLady Murasaki Shikibu

She contributed much to the Japanese script known as kana, while men wrote with Chinese characters, kanji.

She contributed much to the Japanese script known as kana, while men wrote with Chinese characters, kanji.

Minamoto YoritomoMinamoto YoritomoMinamoto YoritomoMinamoto YoritomoFounded the

Kamakura Shogunate: 1185-

1333

Founded the Kamakura

Shogunate: 1185-1333Led a warrior coalition of

Samurai to victory over Japan. Allowed the emperor to remain in Kyoto and to continue to reign as the symbolic head of state. Japan is now effectively ruled by its warrior class. This system would last for the next seven centuries.

Ashikaga Age: 1338-1573

Ashikaga Age: 1338-1573

► Shoguns fought for power

Laws are unclear

Less efficient than Kamakura

Armies of samurai protected the country

Europe: Europe:

Medieval Manor: Medieval Manor: Medieval Economic Medieval Economic System is based on System is based on agricultureagriculture

Europe: Europe:

Medieval Manor: Medieval Manor: Medieval Economic Medieval Economic System is based on System is based on agricultureagriculture

Europe: Medieval Europe: Medieval TradeTradeEurope: Medieval Europe: Medieval TradeTrade

Europe: Medieval Europe: Medieval UniversitiesUniversitiesEurope: Medieval Europe: Medieval UniversitiesUniversities

Medieval GuildsMedieval GuildsMedieval GuildsMedieval Guilds Guild Guild HallHallGuild Guild HallHall

Created commercial Monopolies:

Guilds Controlled membership apprentice journeyman master craftsman

-Controlled quality of the product [masterpiece].

-Controlled prices

-Stimulated new urban economies as opposed to the manorialism

C

A

S

T

L

E

S

C

A

S

T

L

E

S

Social Structure: Compare Japanese Feudal Structure to European Feudal Structure

FeudalismFeudalismFeudalismFeudalismA political, economic, and social system

based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service.

Japan:Japan:

A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, the holding of land, and

military service.

Japan:Japan: Shogun

Daimyo Daimyo

Samurai Samurai Samurai

Peasant PeasantPeasantPeasant

Land - Shoen

Land - Shoen

Protection

Loyalty

Loyalty

Food

FeudalismFeudalismFeudalismFeudalism

A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, the holding of land,

and military service.

Europe

A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, the holding of land,

and military service.

Europe

King

Lord Lord

Knight Knight Knight

Peasant PeasantPeasantPeasant

Land - Fief

Land - Fief

Protection

Loyalty

Loyalty

Food

FeudaFeudal l

SocietSocietyy

FeudaFeudal l

SocietSocietyy

The emperor The emperor reigned, but reigned, but

did not always did not always rule!rule!

Knight’s ArmorKnight’s Armor Samurai ArmorSamurai Armor

vs.vs.

Medieval WarriorsMedieval Warriors

European knightEuropean knight Samurai WarriorSamurai Warrior

vs.vs.

Medieval WarriorsMedieval Warriors

Warwick Castle, EnglandWarwick Castle, England

Japan: Main Gate of Hiroshima Castle

Japan: Main Gate of Hiroshima Castle

Caernorfon Castle, Wales

Caernorfon Castle, Wales

Osaka CastleOsaka Castle

Europe: Parts of Europe: Parts of Medieval CastleMedieval CastleEurope: Parts of Europe: Parts of Medieval CastleMedieval Castle

Europe: ChivalryEurope: Chivalry:: A Code A Code of Honor and Behaviorof Honor and BehaviorEurope: ChivalryEurope: Chivalry:: A Code A Code of Honor and Behaviorof Honor and Behavior

Europe: Code of Europe: Code of ChivalryChivalry

Europe: Code of Europe: Code of ChivalryChivalry

* Justice

* Loyalty

* Courage

* Faith

* Humility

* Nobility

* Justice

* Loyalty

* Courage

* Faith

* Humility

* Nobility

Japan: Code of Japan: Code of BushidoBushido

Japan: Code of Japan: Code of BushidoBushido

* Fidelity

* Politeness

* Virility

* Simplicity

* Fidelity

* Politeness

* Virility

* Simplicity

Warfare: Contrast the invasions of Japan by the Chinese Mongols with the attacks of the Europeans on the Fertile Crescent

Pope Urban II: Pope Urban II:

Preaching a Crusade Preaching a Crusade against the Muslimsagainst the Muslims

Pope Urban II: Pope Urban II:

Preaching a Crusade Preaching a Crusade against the Muslimsagainst the Muslims

Christians were to retake Jerusalem from the Muslims. The reason given was to protect Christian holy places from Muslim destruction after a fire was set in the Church of the Holy Sepulcher.

Christian Crusades: East Christian Crusades: East and West: Christians gained and West: Christians gained

Control of the Fertile Control of the Fertile

CrescentCrescent

Christian Crusades: East Christian Crusades: East and West: Christians gained and West: Christians gained

Control of the Fertile Control of the Fertile

CrescentCrescent1st crusade captured Jerusalem 1099Muslims got it back in 1187

Mongol“Invasio

ns”of Japan

Mongol“Invasio

ns”of Japan

Kublai Khan (the Mongol ruler of China) sent 4,400 ships and 140,000 men, but kamikaze winds stopped them. China failed to take Japan both times it tried

under the Mongol Yuan Dynasty

Kublai Khan (the Mongol ruler of China) sent 4,400 ships and 140,000 men, but kamikaze winds stopped them. China failed to take Japan both times it tried

under the Mongol Yuan Dynasty

Second Mongol invasion of Japan: 1281 A.C.E.

Compare and Contrast Essay Assignment:

Compare and Contrast European and Japanese Societies during the post-classical period.