Feed Efficiencies and Feed / Co-product Prices...Feed Efficiencies and Feed / Co-product Prices Karl Hoppe, PhD Area Extension Specialist – Livestock NDSU Carrington Research Extension

Feed Efficiencies and Feed /

Co-product Prices

Karl Hoppe, PhD

Area Extension Specialist – Livestock

NDSU Carrington Research Extension Center

NDSU Extension Service

Feed Prices – ND Spot Market

Co-Product Feeds in ND

• Distiller’s Grains (5)

• wet, modified, dried

• Condensed Distillers Solubles – CDS ‘Syrup’

• Wheat Middlings (5)

• (Spring/durum)

• Barley Malt Sprout (1) Pellets

• Corn Gluten Feed (1)

• wet, dry

• Potato Byproduct (2) • Beet tailings – wet (3) • Beet Pulp – wet/dry • Canola meal (3+) • Linseed meal • Sunflower meal • Corn Gluten meal • Soybean meal/ hulls • Screenings

North Dakota Crop Processing

Co-products are immense source of Cattle Feed

Ethanol

Wheat mill

Oil Crush

Malt

Sugar

Potato

Fructose

Distillers Grains

North Dakota Production

• Plants: 1@15 M, 2 @50 M, 2 @100 M gals ethanol/yr =315M [email protected]/bu =167 Million bu

• 167 M bu * 18# DDGS/bu =3,006,000,000 lbs or 1.5 million Tons

• 1,503,000/860,000 cows – 1.75 tons per cow/yr

• Feed Available: 19 pounds per cow daily for 6 months

• Mostly shipped out of state

Nutrition – Balance the Ration

Basically a cow needs:

• Water

• Energy – starch, cellulose

• hemicellulose, pectin, fat (oil), but not ADF or lignin

• Protein – amino acids

• Vitamins – A, D, E, and - B

complex (thiamine)

• Minerals • Macro – Ca, Ph, K, Mg, S

• Micro – Cu, Zn, Se

•

Found as:

• ‘water’

• ‘hay or grain’

• ‘hay, grain, protein meal’

• ‘hay, grain, meal, mineral’

• ‘hay, grain, meal, mineral’

Calculating cost per pound of

nutrient

• It is easy math…

• Price per pound of nutrient = price per pound of feed divided by nutrient content

• Cost per lb TDN = $165 / 2000 lbs / 80% TDN

• Cost per lb TDN = $0.0825 / lb / .80 TDN

• Cost per lb TDN = $0.1031 • For As Fed basis – Use TDN ‘As Fed’ Basis not ‘DM’ basis

Calculating cost per pound of

nutrient

• If the feed values (Crude protein; TDN) are listed as dry matter (DM):

Price per pound of nutrient = price per pound of feed divided by nutrient content divided dry matter content

• Cost per lb TDN = $165 / 2000 lbs / 80% TDN / 85 %DM

• Cost per lb TDN = $0.0825 / lb / .80 TDN / .85 DM

• Cost per lb TDN = $0.1031 / .85 DM

• Cost per lb TDN = $0.1212

Feed Pricing

• Need Feed prices – co-product price sheet

• Conversions: bushels to ton

• Feed value

• AS1182 Alternative Feeds for Ruminants

• http://www.ag.ndsu.edu/pubs/ansci/livestoc/as1182.pdf

Feed Value

- Cost per pound nutrient

As Fed

Dry Matter

Crude Protein

TDN - Energy

Cost per ton

Cost per lb

Cost per lb

CP

Cost per LB TDN

Canola Meal

As fed (90%DM)

38.7% (43%)

62.1% (69%)

$195 $.097 $.251 $0.157

Wheat Midds

As fed (90%DM)

17.1% (19.1%)

74.7% (83%)

$215 $.107 $.628 $0.143

Corn Grain

As fed (85%DM)

8.5% (10%)

76.5% (90%)

$205 $.102 $1.205 $0.133

Feed Efficiencies – Feed/gain

• Forage rations – more pounds of feed per pound of gain. Forage based rations are not as energy dense: lower rates of weight gain

• Grain rations – less pound of feed per pound of gain. Grain based rations are energy dense: better rates of weight gain

Feed - TDN (energy) & prices

Oct 2011 TDN, DM basis Price

• Corn 88 % $5.60 /bushel

• Alfalfa Hay 58 % $80 /Ton

• Grass Hay 52 % $60 /T

• Wheat Midds 83 % $215 /T

• Barley Malt Sprouts 74 % $215 /T

• Corn Silage 72 % $50 /T

• Canola meal 70 % $190 /T

ADG & Feed:Gain – 575 lb Steer

Rations TDN DM basis

Gain, lb/d

Feed/Gain Ration Cost Cost /gain

Grass hay -18# 52%TDN

0.67 27:1 $60/T $.806

Alfalfa hay -18# 58%TDN

1.27 14:1 $80/T $.567

Grass hay - 12.5# Corn - 5# Canola Meal - 0.5# 63% TDN

1.82 10:1 $102/T $.505


Rations Gain, lb/d



0.71 28:1 $60/T $.845

Alfalfa hay -20.5# 58%TDN

1.36 15:1 $80/T $.603

Grass hay - 14# Corn – 5.5# Canola Meal - 0.5# 63%TDN

1.82 11:1 $102/T $.560


Rations Gain, lb/d



0.73 30:1 $60/T $.90

Alfalfa hay -23# 58%TDN

1.43 16:1 $80/T $.64

Grass hay - 12.5# Corn - 5# Canola Meal - 0.5# 63%TDN

1.89 12:1 $105/T $.608

Rations and Gain: 660 steers

Increasing gain: better feed efficiency


Gain, lb/d Feed/Gain Ration Cost

Cost /gain

Grass hay -10# Barley Malt Sprout -10# 63%TDN, .37 NEg

1.93 10:1 $138/T $.715

Grass hay -8# Wheat Midds -12# Limestone - .15# 70%TDN, .46 NEg

2.76 7.3:1 $153/T $.558

Grass hay - 6# Alfalfa hay - 4# Wheat Midds -10# 70% TDN, .45 NEg

2.59 7.7:1 $144/T $.556





Cost /gain

Grass hay -6# Alfalfa hay -4# Corn Grain – 2# Wheat Midds – 8# 70%TDN, .45 NEg

2.58 7.75:1 $140/T $.542

Alfalfa hay -7# Corn Silage -31# 70%TDN, .43 NEg

2.45 15.5:1 $56/T $.432

Grass hay - 4# Alfalfa hay - 4# Wheat Midds -6# Corn Grain -6# 78% TDN, .50 NEg

3.04 6.6:1 $152/T $.500





Cost /gain

Alfalfa hay -13# Corn Grain – 7# 69%TDN, .44 NEg

2.46 8.1:1 $122/T $.495

Alfalfa hay -7# Corn Grain -11.5# 38% protein Suppl -1.5# 74%TDN, .49 NEg

3.06 6.5:1 $168/T $.549

Alfalfa hay -5.5# Corn Grain -13# 38% protein Suppl -1.5# 76% TDN, .53 NEg

3.37 6:1 $179/T $.531





Cost /gain

Grass hay -15# DDGS – 5# 61%TDN, .34 NEg

1.64 12:1 $93/T $.567

Grass hay -10# Corn grain – 4# DDGS -6# 70%TDN, .45 NEg

2.63 7.6:1 $127/T $.482

Grass hay -7# Corn grain – 7# DDGS -6# 76% TDN, .52 NEg

3.24 6.1:1 $148/T $.456

Other improvements in F/G

• Iononphore – Rumensin, Bovetec

• 5-7% improvement in F/G

• Implants

• increase ADG 5-7% and 7-12%improvement in F/G

• Coccidiosis

• lack of control can ruin F/G

Summary

• Feed prices seem to keep relative to corn price

• Younger animal have better feed efficiencies, poorer feed intakes, and need a more energy dense diet

• As energy density goes up, feed efficiencies are

better • cost of gain advantage to grain feeding

Summary

• Transportation costs need to be included in feed prices

• Many feeds can be used, right combinations needs

• Good backgrouding feeding can set calves up for subsequent great feedlot gain

If you want help with the

rations, let’s talk

Documents

Feed Efficiencies and Feed / Co-product Prices...Feed Efficiencies and Feed / Co-product Prices Karl Hoppe, PhD Area Extension Specialist – Livestock NDSU Carrington Research Extension