FAVELAS OF BRAZIL

RIO DE JANEIRO• MEANS RIVER OF JANUARY

(PORTUGUESE)• CAPTIAL OF STATE OF RIO DE

JANEIRO• 2ND LARGEST CITY IN BRAZIL (SAO

PAULO- 1ST)• 3RD LARGEST METORPOLITAN AREA

IN SOUTH AMERICA• 6TH LARGEST IN THE AMERICAS• 26TH IN THE WORLD

RIO DE JANEIRO• CAPITAL OF BRAZIL FROM 1763-

1815 (PORTUGUESE COLONISM)• 1815-1821 UK OF PORTUGAL,

BRAZIL & ALGARVES• 1822-1960 INDEPENDENT COUNTRY

RIO DE JANEIRO• NICKNAME “CIDADE

MARAVIHOSA” MARVELOUS CITY

• 2ND LARGEST GDP IN BRAZIL

• 30TH IN THE WORLD

RIO DE JANEIRO• HEADQUARTERS OF TWO

MAJOR COUNTRIES (VALE – nickel producers, PETROBRAS - oil)

RIO DE JANEIRO• OIL, TELEPHONE, MEDIA

AND COMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES

• LOCATION OF MANY UNIVERSITIS AND INSTITUTES

• 2ND LARGEST CENTRE OF R&D IN BRAZIL

RIO DE JANEIRO• ATTRACTS THE MOST

TOURISTS IN S. HEMISPHERE

• ATTRACTIONS – NATURAL, CARNIVALS, SAMBA, BOSS NONVA, BEACHES (BARRA DA TIJUCA, COPACABANA, IPANEMA, LEBLON

RIO DE JANEIRO• CHRIST THE REDEEMER STATUTE,

SUGAR LOAF MOUNTAIN (CORCOVADO)

RIO DE JANEIRO• MARACANA STADIUM (ONE FO

WORLD’S LARGEST FOOTBALL STADIUMS (2014 HOST OF FIFA WORLD CUP)

RIO DE JANEIRO• SITE OF 2016 SUMMER OLYMPICS• Olympics

GEOGRAPHY (SITE)• ON ATLANTIC OCEAN NEAR

TROPIC OF CANCER• LOCATED ON INLET OF COAST OF

GUANABARA BAY • ENTRACE MARKED BY SUGAR

LOAF MOUNTAIN

GEOGRAPHY (SITE)

GEOGRAPHY (SITE)• CORE OF CITY PLAINS OF

WESTERN SHORE OF GUANABARA BAY

• HILLS AND ROCKY MOUNTAINS WITHIN CITY

• AREA - 1,182.3 KM2

GEOGRAPHY (SITE)• TROPICAL SAVANNA CLIMATE • DECEMBER TO MARCH RAINY

PERIOD• TEMPS. DURING SUMMER 40°C

(104°F) • AVERAGE MONTHLY TEMPS.

ABOVE 28°C (82°F)

GEOGRAPHY (HUMAN)• JANUARY 1ST, 1502 FIRST

EUROPEAN CONTACT • PORTUGUESE EXPLORER

GASPAR DE LEMOS• RIO FOUNDED BY

PORTUGUESE ON MARCH 1ST, 1565 AND NAME SAO SEBASTIAO DO RIO DE JANEIRO

GEOGRAPHY (HUMAN)• 17TH CENTURY RIO – PORT FOR

EXPORTING GOLD AND SUGAR• 1819 145,000 AFRICAN SLAVES

IN RIO• BY 1840 # OF SLAVES

INCREASED TO 220,000

GEOGRAPHY (HUMAN)• POP. OF RIO 6.1 MILLION• METRO AREA 11.5 MILLION• POP. DENSITY 6180 PEOPLE/KM²• WHITE (53.43%)• MULTIRACIAL (35.08%)• BLACK (11.6%)• ASIA (0.18%)• AMERINDIAN (0.14%)

GEOGRAPHY (HUMAN)• RIO HOME TO LARGEST

PORTUGUESE POPULATION OUTSIDE OF LISBON, PORTUGAL

• AFTER BRAZIL’S INDEPENDENCE THOUSANDS OF IMMIGRANTS FROM PORTUGAL DURING 20TH CENTURY

GEOGRAPHY (HUMAN)• BLACK COMMUNITY FORMED

FROM SLAVE TRADE (ANGOLA AND MOZAMBIQUE)

• HUGE DISPARITIES B/T RICH AND POOR

  

FAVELAS• FIRST FAVELAS WERE ORIGINALLY

QUILOMBOS INDEPENDENT SETTLEMENTS OF AFRICAN SLAVES THAT ESCAPED THEIR OWNERS

• LOCATED ALONG THE HILLY TERRAIN OF THE AREA SURROUNDIG RIO

• AS SLAVES WERE LIBERATED IN 1888 THEY WERE ATTRACTED TO THESE SETTLEMENTS AS THERE WAS NO WHERE ELSE FOR THEM TO LIVE

FAVELAS

FAVELAS• TERM USED FOR SHANTY TOWN IN

BRAZIL• 18TH CENTURY 1ST SETTLEMENTS

APPEAR CLOSE TO THE CITY• CALLED BAIRROS AFRICANOS

(AFRICAN NEIGHOBURHOODS)• PLACE WERE FORMER SLAVES WITH

NO LAND OWNERSHIP AND NO EMPLOYMENT OPTIONS LIVED

FAVELAS• THESE NEIGHBOURHOODS

ATTRACTED MANY FREED SLAVES FROM 19TH CENTURY TO EARLY 20TH CENTURY

• EVENTUALLY POOR BLACK CITIZENS WERE PUSHED FROM DOWNTOWN INTO MOUNTAINS FAR FROM DT

FAVELAS• FAVELAS REPLACED

BARRIOS AFRICANOS IN THE 1970S

• MANY LEFT RURAL AREAS AND FLOCKED TO CITIES

• WITHOUT PROPER HOUSING THEY ENDED UP IN A FAVELA

FAVELAS• 20,000 VETERAN SOLDIERS

WERE BROUGHT TO RIO FROM EASTERN PROVINCE OF BAHIA (DURING CONFLICT AGAINST THE SETTLERS OF CANUDOS)

FAVELAS• WITH NO PLACE TO LIVE • WHEN IN THE ARMY IN

BAHIA FAVELAS HILL (FAVELA TREE THAT IRRITATES SKIN

• SETTLED ON PROVIDENCE HILL IN RIO AND CALLED IT FAVELA HILL

FAVELAS• 100S OF SHANTYTOWNS

ERECTED IN SUBURBS AS A RESPONSE TO HOUSING CRISIS OF 1940S

• DURING THIS TIME FAVELAS REPLACED TENEMENTS AS MAIN TYPE OF RESIDENCE FOR RESIDENTS OF RIO

FAVELAS• 1970S NEW GROWTH AS

RESULT OF CONSTRUCTION BOOM IN RICHER AREAS LED TO MIGRATION FROM RURAL AREAS (JOBS)

• HEAVING FLOODING IN LOW-LYING AREAS FORCED MANY TO MOVE TO FAVELAS ALONG HILLSIDES

FAVELAS• INDUSTRILIZATION OF

1940S-1970S CONTRIBUTED TO THE GROWTH OF FAVELAS THOUSANDS OF MIGRANTS MOVED TO THE AREA FOR JOBS

BRAZILIAN CITIES WITH MOST FAVELAS

FAVELAS• BRAZIL MOST ECONOMICALLY

UNEQUAL COUNTRIES IN WORLD

• TOP 10% OF POP. EARNS 50% OF NATIONAL INCOME

• 34% OF POP. LIVING BELOW POVERTY LINE

 

FAVELAS• 1969 -~300 FAVELAS IN RIO

NOW OVER 600• 1950 – 7% OF RIO’S POP.

LIVED IN FAVELAS (NOW 19%) 1 IN 5 LIVE IN A FAVELA

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