Family Involvement and Trust in Kindergarten and School

Airi Niilo, Eve Kikas,

Marika Veisson, Maris Hinn, Kerstin Kööp

Definitions

Trust is (Adams & Christenson, 2000):

• confidence that another person acts in a way to benefit or sustain the relationship

• implicit goals of the relationship to achieve positive outcomes for students

Family involvement is a multifaced construct with three dimensions (Fanruzzo et al. 2000): • home-based involvement• school-based involvement• home-school conferencing

Earlier studies: relations with other factorsTrustDeclines with ageIs associated with the frequency and quality of contact (Adams & Christenson, 2000)InvolvementHigher collaboration in classes with higher trust (Tschannen-Moran, 2001).Declines with age (Fantuzzo et al. 2000) Lower in families with many children (Manz et al. 2004)Differs in kindergartens and schools with different programs (Fantuzzo et al. 2000)

Aims

• Adapt questionnaires for assessing trust and family involvement in Estonia

• Investigate the level of these constructs in kindergarten and elementary school

• Examine their relations with family and kindergarten characteristcs

Hypotheses-1• The level of trust and involvement is higher

in kindergarten and lower in school, with the exception of home-related involvement, which is the highest in first grades in school.

• Trust is associated with the frequency and quality of parents’ contacts with teachers.

• Trust is associated with parental involvement with the highest correlations with home-school conferencing

Hypotheses-2 (kindergarten)

• Trust and involvement are higher in kindergartens using Step by Step methodology than in those who do not use it systematically

• Mothers of families’ with only or the eldest child trust teachers less than other parents

Participants and procedure860 parents: 645 from kindergarten 206 from school (104 I level, 99 II level) 720 mothers: 546 from kindergarten

148 using Step by Step approach398 others

174 from school (84 I level, 90 II level)

Data were collected in 2006

Questionnaires

Trust was assessed with a questionnaire

adapted from Adams and Christenson (2000).

Family involvement was assessed with a

questionnaire adapted from

Family Involvement Questionnaire for Early

Childhood (Fantuzzo et al. 2000) and

Family Involvement Questionnaire for

Elementary School (Manz et al. 2004)

Results of mothers

• Kindergarten-school comparisons

• Associations among different dimensions of trust and involvement

• Kindergarten results: relations of trust and involvement with family and kindergarten characteristics

1,00

1,50

2,00

2,50

3,00

3,50

4,00

4,50

5,00

Trust Contact Quality

Kindergarten

First level

Second level

0,00

5,00

10,00

15,00

20,00

25,00

30,00

School-based Home-based Conferencing

Kindergarten

First level

Second level

  2 3 4 5 6

1. School-based involvement .23 .47 .29 .37 .31

2. Home-based involvement   .41 .19 .15 .07

3. Home-school conferencing     .45 .48 .27

4. Trust       .54 .57

5. Frequency of contact         .49

6. Satisfaction with contact          

Mothers of Step by Step kindergarten trust kindergarten teachers more

Mothers of Step by Step kindergarten evaluate their frequency and quality of contact higher

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

3,5

4

4,5

5

Trust Contact Quality

Step by Step

Other

0

5

10

15

20

25

School-based Home-based Conferencing

Step by Step

Other

Mothers of Step by Step kindergarten are less involved with educating their children at home

Trust

5757,5

5858,5

5959,5

6060,5

6161,5

6262,5

Oldest Only Middle Youngest

0

5

10

15

20

25

School-based Home-based Conferencing

Oldest

Only

Middle

Youngest

Mothers of the only child are more involved in their child’s education at home than mothers of the youngest and middle child

Conclusions

• These were our prelimenary results. As this study is a part of a larger project we can follow these families from kindergarten to school. It would be interesting to see whether the differences between these parents remain the same or become more similar as the context and teachers have changed.