Fabulae Faciles: Jason

Latin Text with Facing Vocabulary and Commentary

Excerpted from Geoffrey Steadman’s volume of the Fabulae Faciles

Ritchie’s Fabulae Faciles Latin Text with Facing Vocabulary and Commentary First Edition © 2012 by Geoffrey D. Steadman revised April 2013, March 2014 All rights reserved. Subject to the exception immediately following, this book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, in any form (beyond that copying permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law and except by reviewers for the public press), without written permission from the publisher. The author has made an online version of this work available (via email) under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 License. The terms of the license can be accessed at creativecommons.org. Accordingly, you are free to copy, alter, and distribute this work freely under the following conditions: (1) You must attribute the work to the author (but not in any way that suggests that the author endorses your alterations to the work). (2) You may not use this work for commercial purposes. (3) If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license as this one. ISBN-13: 978-0-9843065-5-8 ISBN-10: 0-9843065-5-2 Published by Geoffrey Steadman Cover Design: David Steadman Fonts: Times New Roman geoffreysteadman@gmail.com

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How to Use this Commentary Research shows that, as we learn how to read in a second language, a combination of reading and direct vocabulary instruction is statistically superior to reading alone. One of the purposes of this book is to encourage active acquisition of vocabulary.

1. Master the core vocabulary list as soon as possible.

Develop a daily regimen for memorizing vocabulary and forms before you begin reading. Start with an intensive review of the running core list on the next page. Although a substantial number of core vocabulary words come within the first few lessons of the commentary, readers have encountered most of these words in first-year Latin and should be able to master the list quickly. Once readers have reviewed these words, I recommend that they consult and memorize slightly less frequent words in Fabulae Faciles as they encounter them.

2. Read actively.

Read in Latin word order. Initially, readers have a tendency both (a) to scan through the entire Latin sentence quickly to order to attain a sense of the constructions and (b) to treat the sentence as a puzzle and jump around the passage from subject to verb to object and so on. As you acquire more vocabulary and your comfort with the Latin increases, make reading in Latin word order your primary method. It is a lot of fun and with persistence very satisfying as well. Develop the habit of making educated guesses as you read. The purpose of the graded reader to provide you with an opportunity to encounter difficult constructions, particularly subjunctive clauses and indirect discourse, so frequently that you cannot help but to develop proficiency identifying and translating them. Make educated guests as you read. If you guess correctly, the commentary will reaffirm your knowledge of the Latin. If you answer incorrectly, you will become more aware of your weaknesses and therefore more capable of correcting them.

3. Reread a passage immediately after you have completed it.

Repeated readings not only help you commit Latin to memory but also increase your ability to read the Latin as Latin. Always read the words out loud (or at least whisper them to yourself). While you may be inclined to translate the text into English as you reread, develop the habit of reading Latin as Latin.

4. Reread the most recent passage immediately before you begin a new one.

This additional repetition will strengthen your ability to recognize vocabulary, forms, and syntax quickly, bolster your confidence, and most importantly provide you with much-needed context as you begin the next selection in the text.

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Abbreviations

abs. absolute acc. accusative act. active adj. adjective adv. adverb app. appositive comp. comparative dat. dative dep. deponent d.o. direct object f. feminine fut. future gen. genitive imp. imperative

impf. imperfect imper. impersonal indic. indicative i.o. indirect object ind. indirect inf. infinitive inter. interrogative m. masculine n. neuter nom. nominative obj. object pple. participle pass passive pf. perfect

pl. plural plpf. pluperfect pred. predicate prep. preposition pres. present pron. pronoun quest. question reflex. reflexive rel. relative seq. sequence sg. singular subj. subject superl. superlative voc. vocative

Argonauts 58

quem summ� celerit�te exstr�xit, s� imposuit. Hoc cum f�cisset, es qu circumst�bant r�vit ut rogum quam celerrim� succenderent. Omn�s di� rec�s�bant; tandem tamen p�stor qudam, ad misericordiam inductus, ignem subdidit. Tum, dum omnia f�m obscurantur, Hercul�s, d�ns� n�be vel�tus � Iove, in Olympum abreptus est. 57. THE WICKED UNCLE

Erant lim in Thessali� duo fr�tr�s, qurum alter Aesn, Peli�s alter appell�b�tur. Aesn prm r�gnum obtinuerat; at post paucs anns Peli�s, r�gn cupidit�te adductus, nn modo fr�trem suum expulit, sed etiam in anim hab�bat I�sonem, Aesnis flium, interficere. Qudam tamen ex amcs Aesnis, ubi sententiam Peliae cognv�runt, puerum � tant percul �ripere cnstituerunt. Noct� igitur I�sonem ex urbe abstul�runt, et cum poster di� ad r�gem rediissent, e renunti�v�runt puerum mortuum esse. Peli�s cum hoc audvisset, ets r� v�r� magnum gaudium percipi�bat, speciem tamen dolris praebuit et quae causa esset mortis quaesvit. Ill autem cum bene intellegerent dolrem eius falsum esse, nesci quam f�bulam d� morte puer fnx�runt. 58. A FATEFUL ACCIDENT

Post breve tempus Peli�s, veritus n� r�gnum suum tant� v et fraude occup�tum �mitteret, amcum quendam Delphs msit, qu r�culum cnsuleret. Ille igitur quam celerrim� Delphs s� contulit et quam ob causam v�nisset d�mnstr�vit. Respondit r�culum

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abripi, -ere, -ripu, -reptum: snatch away 2 add�c, -ere, -x, -ctum: to lead to, bring, 8 Aesn, -nis m.: Aeson, father of Jason, 4 alter, -era, -erum: other (of two), second, 7 amcus, - m.: friend, 6 �mitt, -ere, -ms, -missum: lose, let go, 8 appell (1): call (by name), name, 12 aufer, -ferre, abstul, -l�tum: carry away 11 bene: well, 5 celerit�s, -t�tis f.: speed, quickness, 7 circumst, -�re, -stet: stand around, 1 consul, consulere, -lu, -ltum: to consult, 3 cupidit�s, -t�tis f.: desire, passion, 5 Delph, -rum m.: Delphi, oracle of Apollo, 2 d�monstr (1): to show, demonstrate, 13 densus, -a, -um: thick, 2 di�: a long time, long, 13 duo, duae, duo: two, 10 �ripi, -ere, -u, reptus: tear from, rescue, 2 ets: even if, although, though, 13 expell, -ere, -pul, -pulsum: drive out, 3 exstru, -ere, -ux, -�ctum: build, heap up, 1 fabula, -ae f.: story, 1 fall, -ere, fefell, falsum: deceive, 3 flius, -i m.: son, 10 fing, -ere, finx, fictum: make up, imagine, 1 fr�ter, -tris m.: brother, 5 fraus, fraudis f.: fraud, deception, 2 f�mus, - m.: smoke, 2 gaudium, -i n.: gladness, joy, 9 ignis, ignis, m.: fire, 9 impon, -ere, -posu, -positus: place on, 7

ind�c, -ere, -x, -ctum: induce, lead in, 2 Iuppiter, Iovis m.: Jupiter, 8 misericordia, -ae f.: pity, compassion, 1 morior, mor, mortuus sum: to die, 4 mors, mortis, f.: death, 9 nesci, -re, -scv, -sctum: not know, 4 noct�: at night, by night, 2 n�b�s, -is f.: cloud, 1 ob: on account of (acc.), 13 obsc�r (1): hide, conceal, 1 obtine, -�re, -u, -tentum: hold, maintain, 9 occup (1): occupy, seize, 8 lim: once, formerly, 10 Olympus, - m.: Olympus, 1 r�culum, - n.: oracle, 11 r (1): pray (for), entreat, beseech, 5 pastor, pastoris m.: shepherd, 2 Peli�s, -ae f.: Pelias, 14 percipi, -ere, -c�p, -ceptum: feel perceive 5 posterus, -a, -um: following, next, 2 praebe, -�re, -u, -itum: to present, give, 7 rec�s (1): refuse, give a reason against, 1 renunti, (1): report, announce, 2 responde, -�re, -d, -nsus: to answer, 13 rogus, - m.: pyre, 2 sententia, -ae f.: thought, feeling, opinion, 2 subd, -ere, -did, -ditum: put under, apply, 1 succend, -ere, -cend, -censum: kindle, 1 Thessalia, -ae f.: Thessaly, 4 vel (1): to veil, cover, 1 vereor, -�r, -itus: be afraid, fear; revere, 5 verus, -a, -um: true, real, 2

1 summ� celerit�te: with…; abl. manner 2 es qu: those who; demonstrative ut..succenderent: that..; ind. command quam celerrim�: as fast as possible 9 Erant: there were alter…alter: one…the other; apply the verb appell�b�tur to both nom. subjects 10 prm: first; adverb 11 regn: for the kingdom; objective gen. adductus: attracted; “drawn” PPP nn modo…etiam: not only…but also 12 in anim hab�bat: had in mind; common way in Latin to express ‘I intended’ 14 �ripere: commonly means ‘to rescue’ 15 abstul�runt: pf. au-fer (�/ab + fer) cum…rediissent: when…; plpf. subj. rede as often translate in the correct tense poster di�: on…;abl. of time when

16 e: nom. pl. or dat. sg. for is, ea, id puerum…esse: that…; ind. discourse, translate pres. inf. of sum as imperfect 17 cum…audvisset: plpf. subj. audi, translate as you would plpf. indicative r� v�r�: in true fact; abl. of respect 18 quae causa esset mortis: what was…; indirect question with impf. subj. sum 19 dolrem…esse: that…; see 16 above 20 nesci quam: some; “I-do-not-know- what,” indefinite modifying f�bulam 23 veritus n�: having feared that…would; PPP, fearing clause (n� + impf. subj.) v: with force; irreg. abl. of means, v�s 24 Delphs: to Delph�; place to which 25 cnsuleret: would consult; purpose 26 quam ob causam: for what reason v�nisset: plpf. subj., ind. question

Argonauts 60

n�llum esse in praesenti� perculum; monuit tamen Peliam ut s quis �num calceum ger�ns venret, eum cav�ret. Post paucs anns accidit ut Peli�s magnum sacrificium fact�rus esset; nuntis in omn�s part�s dmserat et certam diem conveniend dxerat. Di� cnstit�t� magnus hominum numerus undique ex agrs conv�nit; in hs autem v�nit etiam I�son, qu � pueriti� apud centaurum quendam habit�verat. Dum tamen iter facit, �num � calces in tr�nseund nesci qu fl�mine �msit. 59. THE GOLDEN FLEECE

I�son igitur cum calceum �missum n�ll mod recipere posset, �n pede n�d in r�giam perv�nit. Quem cum Peli�s vdisset, subit timre affectus est; intell�xit enim hunc esse hominem quem r�culum d�mnstr�visset. Hoc igitur cnsilium iniit. R�x erat qudam Ae�t�s, qu r�gnum Colchidis ill tempore obtin�bat. Huic commissum erat illud vellus aureum quod Phrixus lim ibi relquerat. Cnstituit igitur Peli�s I�son negtium dare ut hc vellere potr�tur; cum enim r�s esset magn percul, eum in itinere pert�rum esse sp�r�bat. I�sonem igitur ad s� arcessvit, et eum cohort�tus quid fier vellet docuit. Ille ets intelleg�bat rem esse difficillimam, negtium libenter susc�pit. 60. THE BUILDING OF THE GOOD SHIP ARGO

Cum tamen Colchis multrum di�rum iter ab e loc abesset, slus I�son proficsc nluit. Dmsit igitur nuntis in omn�s part�s, qu causam itineris doc�rent et diem certam conveniend dcerent.

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absum, -esse, �fu: to be away, be absent, 7 accid, -ere, accid: to happen, fall (on)to, 8 Ae�t�s: Aeetes, king of Cochis, 10 affici, -ere, -f�c, fectum: influence, treat, 13 ager, -gr m.: land, field, territory, 11 �mitt, -ere, -ms, -missum: lose, let go, 8 apud: among, in the presence of (+ acc.), 9 arcess, -ere, -v, -itum: summon, invite, 2 aureus, -a, -um: golden, 13 calceus, - m.: shoe, 3 cave, -�re, c�v, cautum: be on guard, 1 certus, -a, -um: fixed, sure, 11 cohortor, -hort�r, -hort�tus: encourage, 2 Colchis, -idis f.: Colchis, 4 committ, -mittere, -ms: commit, entrust, 6 conveni, -re, v�n, ventum: come together 8 d�monstr (1): to show, demonstrate, 13 difficilis, -e: hard, difficult, troublesome, 6 doce, -�re, -u, -ctus: teach, tell, 9 ets: even if, although, though, 13 fi, fier, factus: become, be made, 9 ine, -re, -, -itum: go into, enter, 4 libenter: gladly, willingly, 12 mone, -�re, -u, monitum: to warn, 1 negtium, i n.: task, business, occupation, 13

nesci, -re, -scv, -sctum: not know, 4 nl, nlle, nlu: not…wish, be unwilling 12 n�dus, -a, -um: naked, bare, 1 numerus, - m.: number, multitude, 7 nuntius, -i m.: messenger, 12 obtine, -�re, -u, -tentum: hold, maintain, 9 lim: once, formerly, 10 r�culum, - n.: oracle, 11 Peli�s, -ae f.: Pelias, 14 pere, -perre, peri, perit�rum: to perish, 1 p�s, pedis m.: foot, 8 Phrixus – m.: Phrixus, 1 potior, -r, pottus sum: get possession of, 1 praesentia, -ae f.: the present, 1 pueritia, -ae, f.: childhood, 1 recipi, -ere, -c�p, -ceptum: take back, 8 r�gia, -ae f.: palace, 4 relinqu, -ere, -lqu, -lictum: leave behind, 9 sacrificium, -i n.: sacrifice, 5 slus, -a, -um: alone, only, lone, sole, 6 sp�r (1): hope (for), expect, 5 suscipi, -ere, -c�p, -ceptum: undertake, 14 tr�nse, -re, -i (v), itus: pass (by), 10 undique: from everywhere, from all sides, 7 vellus, velleris n.: fleece, 12

1 n�llum…perculum: that…; ind. disc.; main verb pf. so translate inf. as impf. ut…cav�ret: that he beware of; ind. command, impf. subj. in secondary seq. s quis: if anyone…; quis is indefinite before s, nisi, num, and n� 2 Post paucs anns: a few years later; ‘later by a few years,’ abl. of degree of difference 3 accidit ut: it happened that; as often, accidit introduces a noun result clause fact�rus esset: was going to make; fut. periphrastic (fut. pple + sum), impf. subj. 4 part�s: directions dxerat: had appointed conveniend: of convening; gen. gerund Di� constit��: on…; abl. of time when 5 hominum: partitive genitive 8 tr�nseund: in crossing some river; this gerundive of tr�nse modifies fl�mine; employ a gerund-gerundive flip: translate as

a gerund (-ing) with fl�mine as direct obj. nesci qu: some; ‘I-do-not-know-what’ 11 cum…posset: when…; impf. subj. possum, translate as impf. indicative

n�ll mod: in no way; abl. manner �n…n�d: abl. absolute, add ‘being,’ since there is no pple for sum, the subject and pred. form the absolute without a pple 12 quem cum: whom when…; the pronoun is part of the cum-clause but often precedes the conjunction ‘cum’ in transitions 13 hunc esse: that…; acc. subject in ind. disc. 14 d�mnstr�visset: plpf. subj. in a relative clause of characteristic 15 ill tempore: at…; abl. of time when Huic: dat. ind. obj. of comissum erat 16 commissum erat: had been entrusted 17 n�gtium ut: task, (namely) that… 18 potr�tur: that he possess; ind. command, impf. subj. deponent potior governs an abl. magn percul: of…; gen. description 19 pert�rum esse: fut. inf. in ind. disc. 20 cohort�tus: having urged; deponent PPP quid fer vellet: what he wanted to be done; ind. question, impf. subj. vol 21 difficillimam: superlative, acc. pred. 24 iter: a journey of many days; acc. extent 26 dcerent: who would appoint; relative clause of purpose, see line 4

Argonauts 62

Intere�, postquam omnia quae sunt �su ad armand�s n�v�s comport�r iussit, negtium dedit Arg cuidam, qu summam scientiam nautic�rum r�rum hab�bat, ut n�vem aedific�ret. In hs r�bus circiter decem di�s cnsumpt sunt; Argus enim, qu oper praeerat, tantam dligentiam adhib�bat ut n� nocturnum quidem tempus ad l�brem intermitteret. Ad multit�dinem hominum tr�nsportandam n�vis paul erat l�tior quam quibus in nostr mar �t cnsu�vimus, et ad vim tempest�tum perferendam tta � rbore facta est. 61. THE ANCHOR IS WEIGHED

Intere� is di�s appet�bat quem I�son per nuntis �dxerat, et ex omnibus reginibus Graeciae mult, qus aut re novit�s aut sp�s glriae mov�bat, undique conveni�bant. Tr�ditum est autem in hc numer fuisse Herculem, de qu supr� multa perscrpsimus, Orpheum, citharoedum praecl�rissimum, Th�seum, Castorem, multsque alis qurum nmina sunt ntissima. Ex hs I�son qus arbitr�tus est ad omnia percula subeunda par�tissims esse, es ad numerum qunqu�gint� d�l�git et socis sibi adi�nxit; tum paucs di�s commor�tus, ut ad omn�s c�s�s subsidia compar�ret, n�vem d�d�xit, et tempest�tem ad n�vigandum idneam nactus magn cum plaus� omnium solvit. 62. A FATAL MISTAKE

Haud mult post Argonautae (ita enim appell�bantur qu in ist� n�v veh�bantur) nsulam quandam, nmine Cyzicum, attig�runt; et � n�v �gress � r�ge illus reginis hospiti except sunt. Pauc�s

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adhibe, -�re, -u, -itum: to apply, hold to, 4 adiung, -ere, -iunx, -iunctum: join to, 2 aedific (1): make a building, build, 2 alius, -a, -ud: other, another, else, 9 appell (1): call (by name), name, 12 appet, -ere, -v, -pettum: draw near, 3 arbitror, -�r, -�tus sum: to judge, think, 11 Arg, -�s f.: Argo, 2 Argus, - m.: Argus, builder of the Argo, 1 arm (1): arm, equip, 4 atting, -ere, -tig, -t�ctum: touch at, reach, 3 aut: or (aut...aut – either…or), 2 Castor, -oris m.: Castor, 1 c�sus, -�s m.: misfortune, accident, event, 8 circiter: about, around, 1 citharoedus, - m.: cithara-player, 1 commoror, -�r, -�tum: delay, linger, tarry, 3 compar (1): prepare, collect, 4 comport (1): carry together, collect, 1 consuesc, -ere, -�v, -su�tum: to accustom, 3 consum, -ere, -mps, -mptum: take, spend 9 conveni, -re, v�n, ventum: come together 8 Cyzicus, - f.: Cyzicus, 1 decem: ten, 4 d�lig, -ere, -l�g, -lectum: choose, select, 6 diligentia, -ae f.: diligence, attentiveness, 5 duc, -ere, d�x, ductus: lead, draw, bring, 5 �dc, -ere, -dx, dictum: declare, proclaim, 4 excipi, ere, c�p, ceptum: receive, welcome9 glria, -ae f.: glory, 1 Graecia, -ae f.: Greece, 7 haud: by no means, not at all, 4 hospitium, n.: hospitality, 5 idneus, -a, -um: suitable, appropriate, 12 intere�: meanwhile, 7 intermitt, -ere: interrupt, break off, 5 iste, ista, istud: that or those (of yours), 7

l�tus, -a, -um: wide, broad, 1 move, -�re, mv, mtum: move, arouse, 3 multit�d, -t�dinis f.: multitude, 2 nanciscor, nancisc, nactus: attain, meet, 7 nauticus, -a, -um: naval, nautical, 1 n�vig (1): to sail, 5 negtium, i n.: task, business, occupation, 13 nocturnus, -a, -um: nocturnal, 2 nmen, nminis, n.: name, 12 noster, nostra, nostrum: our, 1 ntus, -a, -um: known, familiar, 3 novit�s, -t�tis f.: newness, novelty, 3 numerus, - m.: number, multitude, 7 nuntius, -i m.: messenger, 12 opus, -eris n.: work, deed, toil, 9 Orpheus, - m.: Orpheus, 1 perfer, -ferre, -tul, -l�tus: bear, betake, 2 perscrb, -ere, -scrps, scrptum: write through, 3 plausus, -�s m.: applause, 1 praecl�rus, -a, -um: bright, very famous, 2 praesum, -esse, -fu: be before, preside over 2 que: and, 14 quidem: indeed, in fact, assuredly, certainly, 8 qunqu�gint�: fifty, 1 rbor, rbris n.: oak; strength, 1 scientia, -ae f.: knowledge, wisdom, 6 sube, -re, -i: to undergo, go up (to), 5 subsidium, -i n.: support, relief, protection 1 supr�: above, before, 6 Th�seus, - m.: Theseus, 1 ttus -a, -um: whole, entire, 14 transport (1): carry over or across, 2 undique: from everywhere, from all sides, 7 �sus, �s�s m.: use, employment, 3 �tor, �t, �sum sum: use, employ, enjoy 2 veh, -ere, v�x, vectum: to convey, carry, 5

1 sunt �su: are of use; ‘for a use’ dat. sg. of purpose, 4th decl. noun sus ad…n�v�s: for arming…; ‘for ships to be armed’ use a gerundive-gerund flip and translate as gerund + acc. direct object ut…aedific�ret: that…; purpose 5 praeerat: was (in charge) over + dat. n� nocturnum quidem: not even night…; n�, quidem emphasize an intervening word ut…intermitterent: that; result clause 6 ad l�brem: for; ‘ad’ expresses purpose ad…: for transporting…; ad + gerundive 7 paul: a little; abl. of degree of difference

quam: than; follows a comparative adj. quibus: (those) which; abl. obj. of t� 8 �t: deponent inf. tor, governs an abl. obj. ad…perferendam: ad + gerundive; ll. 1, 6 vim: irreg. feminine acc. sg. of v�s 14 Tr�ditum est: it was reported that… 18 ad…subeunda: for undergoing…; sube� 21 ad n�vigandum: for sailing; a gerund nactus: having attained; dep., nanc�scor 22 solvit: set sail 25 mult: much; abl. of degree of difference 27 �gress: having stepped out; PPP, �gredior except sunt: were welcomed

Argonauts 64

h�rs ibi commort� ad s�lis occsum r rsus solvrunt; sed postquam pauca m�lia passuum pr�gress� sunt, tanta tempests subit� coörta est ut cursum tenre n�n possent, et in eandem partem �nsulae unde nuper profect� erant magn� cum per�cul� dicerentur. Incolae tamen, cum nox esset obsc ra, Argonauts n�n agn�scbant, et nvem inim�cam vnisse arbitrt� arma rapurunt et e�s gred� prohibbant. �criter in l�tore pugntum est, et rx ipse, qu� cum ali�s dcucurrerat, ab Argonaut�s occ�sus est. Mox tamen, cum iam d�l csceret, snsrunt incolae s errre et arma abicrunt; Argonautae autem cum rgem occ�sum esse v�drent, magnum dol�rem percprunt. 63. THE LOSS OF HYLAS

Postr�di eius di� Ison tempesttem satis id�neam esse arbitrtus (summa enim tranquillits iam c�nsec ta erat), ancors sustulit, et pauca m�lia passuum pr�gressus ante noctem Mysiam attigit. Ibi paucs h�rs in ancor�s exspectvit; naut�s enim cogn�verat aquae c�piam quam scum habrent iam dficere, quam ob causam qu�dam ex Argonaut�s in terram gress� aquam quaerbant. H�rum in numer� erat Hyls qu�dam, puer form praestantissim. Qu� dum fontem quaerit, comitibus paulum scesserat. Nymphae autem quae fontem colbant, cum iuvenem v�dissent, e� persudre c�ntae sunt ut scum manret; et cum ille negret s hoc fact rum esse, puerum v� abstulrunt.

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abici�, -icere, -i, -it�rum: throw away, 1 �criter: sharply, fiercely, 2 agnosc�, -ere, -n�v, -n�tum: to recognize, 4 alius, -a, -ud: other, another, else, 9 ancora, ancorae f.: anchor, 7 ante: before, in front of (acc.); adv. before, 5 aqua, -ae f.: water, 11 arbitror, -�r, -�tus sum: to judge, think, 11 arma, -�rum n.: arms, equipment, tools, 6 atting�, -ere, -tig, -t�ctum: touch at, reach, 3 aufer�, -ferre, abstul, -l�tum: carry away 11 col�, -ere, colu, cultum: cultivate, cherish, 3 comes, -it is m. f.: companion, 3 commoror, -�r, -�tum: delay, linger, tarry, 3 c�nor, c�n�r, c�n�tus sum: to try, attempt, 7 consequor, -, sec�tus: follow after; pursue, 3 coörior, -orr, -ortus sum: to arise, 4 c�pia, -ae f.: abundance, supply; troops, 10 curr�, -ere, cucurr, cursus: run, rush, fly, 4 dcurr�, -ere, -cururr: to run down, 1 dfici�, -ere, -fc, -fectum: fail, 3 dici�, -ere, -ic, -iectum: throw/cast down 2 dil�csc�, -ere, -l�x: grow light, 1 err� (1): wander, 3 fons, fontis m.: origin, fount, source, 3 f�rma, -ae, f.: beauty, shape, form, 3 hora, -ae f.: hour, 5 Hyl�s, -ae m.: Hylas, 2 id�neus, -a, -um: suitable, appropriate, 12 incola, -ae m.: inhabitant, 7 inimcus, -a, -um: unfriendly, hostile, 2

iuvenis, -is m.: youth, young man, 4 mane�, -re, mans, --: to stay, wait, 9 mlle (pl. mlia): thousand, 7 M sia, -ae f.: Mysia, 1 nauta, -ae f.: sailor, 3 neg� (1): to deny, say that…not, 3 nox, noctis, f.: night, 7 numerus, - m.: number, multitude, 7 n�per: recently, lately, not long ago, 2 nympha, -ae f.: nymph, 2 ob: on account of (acc.), 13 obsc�rus, -a, -um: dark, 1 occ�sus, -�s m.: fall, destruction, 4 occid�, -ere, -cid, -csus: kill, cut down, 14 passus, -�s: pace, 7 percipi�, -ere, -cp, -ceptum: feel perceive 5 persu�de�, -re, -su�s, -su�sum: persuade, 9 postrdi: the day after, the next day, 4 praest�, -st�re, -stit: stand in front, show, 6 pr�hibe�, -re, -hibu: hold back, hinder, 2 pugn� (1): to fight, 4 rapi�, -ere, rapu, raptum: to seize, snatch, 5 rursus: again, backward, back, 7 satis: enough, sufficient, 6 scd�, -ere, scess, scessum: to withdraw 1 s�l, s�lis m.: sun, 10 tene�, tenre, tenu, tentum: to hold, keep 13 toll�, tolle, sustul, subl�tum: raise, lift up 10 tranquillit�s, -t�tis f.: calm, tranquility, 2 unde: whence, from which source, 6

1 h�r�s: for…; acc. duration of time commor�t: having…; PPP deponent solvrunt: they set sail; ‘set loose’ 2 mlia passuum: for…miles; acc. extent progress sunt: pf. deponent progredior, translate in the active 3 coörta est: pf. deponent coörior ut…: that…; result, impf. possum 5 cum…esset: since…; causal, impf. subj. 6 n�vem…vnisse: that…; ind. disc. with pf. inf. veni, n�vem is acc. subj. arbitr�t: having…; dep. PPP 7 gred: from stepping out; dep. inf. �gredior pugn�tum est: they fought; “it was fought,” impersonal pass., translate active 9 incolae: nom. subject of s�ns�runt s err�re: that…; reflexive, ind. disc. 10 occsum esse: pf. pass. inf. occ�d in ind. discourse; acc. subject is r�gem

14 postrdi eius di: the day after that day; abl. time when; gen. tempest�tem…esse: ind. disc. arbitr�tus: having thought; dep. PPP 15 sustulit: pf. suf-fer 16 mlia passuum: see note line 2 progressus: dep. PPP progredior 17 pauc�s h�ras: for…; acc. duration 18 c�piam…dficere: that…; ind. disc. habrent: subordinate verbs often are made subjunctive in ind. discourse quam ob causam: for which reason 19 H�rum: of these; partitive gen. 20 form�: of…beauty; abl. of quality Qu dum: while he…; ‘who while…’ 22 e: him; dat. sg. (is, ea, id) of persuade 23 ut..manret: to remain; ind command s…fact�rum esse: that…; fut. inf. 24 abstulrunt: pf. au-fer (�/ab + fer)

Argonauts 66

64. DIFFICULT DINING

Post haec Argonautae ad Thr�ciam cursum tenu�runt, et postquam ad oppidum Salmydessum n�vem appul�runt, in terram �gress sunt. Ibi cum ab incols quaesissent quis r�gnum eius reginis obtin�ret, certir�s fact sunt Phneum quendam tum r�gem esse. Cognv�runt etiam hunc caecum esse et dr qudam supplici affic, quod lim s� cr�d�lissimum in flis sus praebuisset. Cuius supplic hoc erat genus: missa erant � Iove mnstra quaedam speci� horribil, quae capita virginum, corpora volucrum hab�bant. Hae volucr�s, quae Harpyiae appell�bantur, Phne summam molestiam adfer�bant; quoti�ns enim ille accubuerat, veni�bant et cibum appositum statim aufer�bant. Qu factum est ut haud multum abesset qun Phneus fame morer�tur. 65. THE DELIVERANCE OF PHINEUS

R�s igitur male s� hab�bat cum Argonautae n�vem appul�runt. Phneus autem simul atque audvit es in sus fn�s �gresss esse, magnopere g�vsus est. Sci�bat enim quantam opninem virt�tis Argonautae hab�rent, nec dubit�bat qun sibi auxilium ferrent. N�ntium igitur ad n�vem msit, qu I�sonem socisque ad r�giam voc�ret. E cum v�nissent, Phneus d�mnstr�vit quant in percul suae r�s essent, et prmsit s� magna praemia dat�rum esse, s ill remedium repperissent. Argonautae negtium libenter susc�p�runt, et ubi hra v�nit, cum r�ge accubu�runt; at simul ac

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absum, -esse, �fu: to be away, be absent, 7 ac: and, and also, 14 accumb�, -ere, accubu,: lie (at dinner), 4 affer�, -ferre, attul, all�tum: carry to bring 5 affici�, -ere, -fc, fectum: influence, treat, 13 appell� (1): call (by name), name, 12 appell�, -ere, -pul, -puls: drive to, 14 app�n�, -ere, -posu, -positum: set before, 3 aufer�, -ferre, abstul, -l�tum: carry away 11 caecus, -a, -um: blind, 2 certus, -a, -um: fixed, sure, 11 cibus, - m.: food, 5 cr�dlis, -e: cruel, bitter, bloody, 6 cursus, -�s m.: course, running, haste, 10 dmonstr� (1): to show, demonstrate, 13 drus, -a, -um: dreadful, 1 dubit� (1): to hestitate, doubt, 5 fams, -is f.: hunger, 3 fer�, ferre, tul, l�tus: carry, bear, endure, 10 flius, -i m.: son, 10 fnis, -is m./f.: end, limit, border, boundary, 12 gaude�, -re, g�vsus sum: enjoy, rejoice, 4 genus, -eris n.: birth, race; kind, family, 2 Harp iae, -�rum f.: Harpies, 3 haud: by no means, not at all, 4 hora, -ae f.: hour, 5 horribilis, -e: horrible, dreadful, 11 incola, -ae m.: inhabitant, 7 Iuppiter, Iovis m.: Jupiter, 8 libenter: gladly, willingly, 12 male: badly, 1

molestia, -ae f.: trouble, annoyance, 1 morior, mor, mortuus sum: to die, 4 nec: and not, nor, 10 neg�tium, i n.: task, business, occupation, 13 nuntius, -i m.: messenger, 12 obtine�, -re, -u, -tentum: hold, maintain, 9 �lim: once, formerly, 10 opni�, -i�nis f.: opinion, reputation, 6 oppidum, - n.: town, 4 Phneus, - m.: Phineus, 7 praebe�, -re, -u, -itum: to present, give, 7 praemium, i n.: reward, 5 promitt�, -ere, -ms, -missum: send forth, 3 quantus, -a, -um: how much, how great, 4 qun: nay (even), (but) that, 12 quotins: as often as, 2 rgia, -ae f.: palace, 4 remedium, i n.: remedy, cure, 1 reperi�, -re, repper, repertum: find out, 9 Salmydessus, - m.: Salmydessus, 1 sci�, -re, -v (i), -tus: know, understand, 9 simul: at the same time; at once, together, 10 supplicium, -i n.; punishment, supplication, 5 suscipi�, -ere, -cp, -ceptum: undertake, 14 tene�, tenre, tenu, tentum: to hold, keep 13 Thr�cia, -ae f.: Thrace, 3 virg�, virginis f.: maiden, 2 virt�s, -�tis f.: valor, manhood, excellence, 10 voc� (1): call, summon, invoke, 2 volucris, -is f.: bird, 3

2 Post haec: after these (things); neuter acc. 3 ab incols: from…; abl. of source 4 quis…obtinret: who…; ind. question 5 certi�rs fact sunt: were made more certain; ‘were informed’ a common phrase in Caesar, often followed by ind. discourse 6 hunc caecum esse…affic: that this one…; ind. discourse with 2 verbs: pres. pass. inf. 7 quod: because… in…: against praebuisset: had shown; governs a double acc.; relative clause of characteristic, praebe� (prae-habe�) cuius supplic: gen. modifies genus 8 speci horribil: of…; abl. quality; the adj. is 3rd decl. i-stem (horribile � horribil�) 9 (et) corpora: and bodies; ellipsis, add ‘et’ 10 Phine�: to…; dat. of compound verb 11 quotins enim: for…; enim is postpositive

12 appositum: having been served; ‘having been set before,’ PPP app�n� Qu� factum…morertur: (because of) which it happened that it was by no means very far away that Phineus would die from famine; abl. of cause, noun result clause 16 male s habbat: was faring poorly; idiom ‘held itself poorly’ 17 simul atque: as soon as; ‘same time as’ gress�s esse: pf. dep., e�s is acc. subj 18 g�vsus est: pf. of semi-deponent gaude� quantam opni�nem: how great a reputation…; introduces ind. question 19 nec dubit�bat qun: he did not doubt that; qu�n often follows “n�n dubit�” 20 qu…: to call…; relative clause of purpose 21 E�: there; frequenctly an adverb, ‘to there’ 22 s…dat�rum esse: that he…; fut. inf. 24 simul ac: as soon as; ‘same time as’ l. 17

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64. DIFFICULT DINING

Post haec Argonautae ad Thr�ciam cursum tenu�runt, et postquam ad oppidum Salmydessum n�vem appul�runt, in terram �gress sunt. Ibi cum ab incols quaesissent quis r�gnum eius reginis obtin�ret, certir�s fact sunt Phneum quendam tum r�gem esse. Cognv�runt etiam hunc caecum esse et dr qudam supplici affic, quod lim s� cr�d�lissimum in flis sus praebuisset. Cuius supplic hoc erat genus: missa erant � Iove mnstra quaedam speci� horribil, quae capita virginum, corpora volucrum hab�bant. Hae volucr�s, quae Harpyiae appell�bantur, Phne summam molestiam adfer�bant; quoti�ns enim ille accubuerat, veni�bant et cibum appositum statim aufer�bant. Qu factum est ut haud multum abesset qun Phneus fame morer�tur. 65. THE DELIVERANCE OF PHINEUS

R�s igitur male s� hab�bat cum Argonautae n�vem appul�runt. Phneus autem simul atque audvit es in sus fn�s �gresss esse, magnopere g�vsus est. Sci�bat enim quantam opninem virt�tis Argonautae hab�rent, nec dubit�bat qun sibi auxilium ferrent. N�ntium igitur ad n�vem msit, qu I�sonem socisque ad r�giam voc�ret. E cum v�nissent, Phneus d�mnstr�vit quant in percul suae r�s essent, et prmsit s� magna praemia dat�rum esse, s ill remedium repperissent. Argonautae negtium libenter susc�p�runt, et ubi hra v�nit, cum r�ge accubu�runt; at simul ac

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c�na apposita est, Harpyiae c�n�culum intr�v�runt et cibum auferre cn�bantur. Argonautae prmum gladis volucr�s peti�runt; cum tamen vid�rent hoc nihil prdesse, Z�t�s et Calais, qu �ls erant instruct, in �ëra s� sublev�v�runt, ut d�super impetum facerent. Quod cum s�nsissent Harpyiae, re novit�te perterritae statim auf�g�runt, neque poste� umquam redi�runt. 66. THE SYMPLEGADES

Hc fact Phneus, ut pr tant benefici meritam gr�tiam referret, I�son d�mnstr�vit qu� ratine Sympl�gad�s vt�re posset. Sympl�gad�s autem duae erant r�p�s ingent magnit�dine, quae � Iove positae erant e cnsili, n� quis ad Colchida pervenret. Hae parv intervall in mar nat�bant, et s quid in medium spatium v�nerat, incredibil celerit�te concurr�bant. Postquam igitur � Phne doctus est quid faciendum esset, I�son subl�ts ancors n�vem solvit, et l�n vent provectus mox ad Sympl�gad�s appropinqu�vit. Tum in prr� st�ns columbam quam in man� ten�bat �msit. Illa recta via per medium spatium vol�vit, et priusquam r�p�s cnflx�runt, incolumis �v�sit caud� tantum �miss�. Tum r�p�s utrimque discess�runt; antequam tamen rursus concurrerent, Argonautae, bene intellegent�s, omnem spem sal�tis in celerit�te positam esse, summ� v r�ms contend�runt et n�vem incolumem perd�x�runt. Hc fact ds gr�ti�s maxim�s �g�runt, qurum auxili � tant percul �rept essent; omn�s enim sci�bant nn sine auxili derum rem tam f�lciter �v�nisse.

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ar, aris n.: air, 6 �la, -ae f.: wing, 2 �mitt�, -ere, -ms, -missum: lose, let go, 8 ancora, ancorae f.: anchor, 7 antequam: before, 9 app�n�, -ere, -posu, -positum: set before, 3 appropinqu� (1): come near, approach, 8 aufer�, -ferre, abstul, -l�tum: carry away 11 aufugi�, -ere, -f�g: flee, run away, 1 bene: well, 5 beneficium, - n.: benefit, favor; kindness, 8 Calais, is m.: Calais, 1 cauda, -ae f.: tail, 2 celerit�s, -t�tis f.: speed, quickness, 7 cna, -ae f.: dinner, 5 cen�culum, - n.: dining-room, 1 cibus, - m.: food, 5 Colchis, -idis f.: Colchis, 4 columba, -ae f.: pigeon, dove, 1 concurr�, -ere, -curr, -cursus: run together 4 conflg�, -ere, -flx, -flctum: dash together 1 c�nor, c�n�r, c�n�tus sum: to try, attempt, 7 contend�, -ere, -, -tus: strive; hasten; fight 11 dmonstr� (1): to show, demonstrate, 13 dsuper: from above, 2 discd�, -ere, -ss, -ssum: go away, depart, 4 doce�, -re, -u, -ctus: teach, tell, 9 duo, duae, duo: two, 10 mitt�, -ere, -ms, -missum: send out, 2 ripi�, -ere, -u, reptus: tear from, rescue, 2 vad�, -ere, v�s, v�sum: go out, escape, 9 veni�, -re: turn out, happen, 8 fliciter: happily, fortunately, 3 gladius, - m.: sword, 10 gr�tia, -ae f.: graditude, favor, thanks, 10 Harp iae, -�rum f.: Harpies, 3 impetus, -�s m.: attack, onset, assault, 9 incolumis, -e: inscathed, uninjured, safe, 7 incrdibilis, -e: incredible, 2 instru�, -ere, -�x, -uctum: equip, draw up, 6 intervallum, - n.: interval, distance, 2 intr� (1): go into, enter, 7

Iuppiter, Iovis m.: Jupiter, 8 lnis, lne: gentle, 1 m�gnit�d�, -t�dinis f.: size, greatness, 13 maximus, -a, -um: greatest, 9 medius, -a, -um: middle of, 10 meritus, -a, -um: deserved, due, just, 4 nat� (1): to swim, float, 1 nihil: nothing, 14 novit�s, -t�tis f.: newness, novelty, 3 parvus, -a, -um: small, 3 perd�c�, -ere, -x, -ctum: lead through, 4 perterre�, -re: frighten, terrify, 5 Phneus, - m.: Phineus, 7 pon�, ponere, posu, positum: to place, put, 5 poste�: after this, afterwards, 7 priusquam: before than, sooner than, 2 pr�: before, in front of, for, 9 pr�ra, -ae f.: prow, bow, 1 pr�sum, pr�desse, pr�fu: profit, benefit, 6 proveh�, -ere, -vex, -vectum: carry forth, 3 rati�, -�nis f.: plan, method, means, reason, 2 rectus, -a, -um: direct, straight, 2 rmus, - m.: oar, 4 r�ps, r�pis f.: rock, cliff, 6 rursus: again, backward, back, 7 sci�, -re, -v (i), -tus: know, understand, 9 spatium, -i n.: space, span, extent, 6 st� (1): to stand, 8 sublev� (1): life up, raise, 1 Symplgads, -um f.: Symplegades, 3 tam: so, so much, so very, such, 8 tene�, tenre, tenu, tentum: to hold, keep 13 toll�, tolle, sustul, subl�tum: raise, lift up 10 umquam: ever, 5 utrimque: on both sides, from both sides, 1 ventus, - m.: wind, 10 via, -ae, f.: way, road, 4 vt� (1): to avoid, 2 vol� (1): to fly, 3 volucris, -is f.: bird, 3 Zts, -ae m.: Zetes, 1

3 hoc...pr�desse: that this was not beneficial erant instruct: had been equipped 4 ut…: so that…; purpose 5 re novit�te: by the novelty of the situation 6 redirunt: pf. red-e� 9 H�c fact�: ablative abs., common transition 8 speci horribil: of…; abl. quality 10 qu� rati�ne: by what means; ind. question

11 ingent magnit�dine: of…; abl. quality 12 e� c�nsili�, n: with this purpose, so that 13 intervall�: at a small interval; manner 15 faciendum esset: had to be done; passive periphrastic (gerundive + sum) subl�ts ancors: abl. abs., PPP of toll� 19 caud�: with only the tail lost; abl. abs. 23 grunt: gave thanks; idiom, gr�ti�s ag�

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67. A HEAVY TASK

Brev intermiss spati Argonautae ad fl�men Phasim v�n�runt, quod in fnibus Colchrum erat. Ibi cum n�vem appulissent et in terram �gress essent, statim ad r�gem Aeëtem s� contul�runt et ab e postul�v�runt ut vellus aureum sibi tr�der�tur. Ille cum audvisset quam ob causam Argonautae v�nissent, r� commtus est et di� neg�bat s� vellus tr�dt�rum esse. Tandem tamen, quod sci�bat I�sonem nn sine auxili derum hoc negtium susc�pisse, mut�t� sententi� promsit s� vellus tr�dit�rum, s I�son l�br�s dus difficillims prius perf�cisset; et cum I�son dxisset s� ad omnia percula subeunda par�tum esse, quid fier vellet ostendit. Prmum iungend erant duo taur speci� horribil, qu flamm�s ex re �d�bant; tum hs i�ncts ager qudam arandus erat et dent�s dracnis serend. Hs audts I�son ets rem esse summ percul intelleg�bat, tamen, n� hanc occ�sinem re bene gerendae �mitteret, negtium susc�pit. 68. THE MAGIC OINTMENT

M�d�a, r�gis flia, I�sonem adam�vit, et ubi audvit eum tantum perculum subit�rum esse, rem aegr� fer�bat. Intelleg�bat enim patrem suum hunc l�brem prposuisse e ips consili, ut I�son morer�tur. Quae cum ita essent, M�d�a, quae summam scientiam medicnae hab�bat, hoc cnsilium iniit. Medi� nocte, nsciente patre, ex urbe �v�sit, et postquam in mont�s fnitims v�nit, herb�s

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adam, -�re, -�v, -�tum: fall in love, love, 1 Ae�t�s: Aeetes, king of Cochis, 10 aegr�: with difficulty, wearily, 4 ager, -gr m.: land, field, territory, 11 �mitt, -ere, -ms, -missum: lose, let go, 8 appell, -ere, -pul, -puls: drive to, 14 ar, ar�re, -�v: plow, 4 aureus, -a, -um: golden, 13 bene: well, 5 Colch, -rum m.: Colchians, 3 d�ns, dentis m.: tooth, 5 difficilis, -e: hard, difficult, troublesome, 6 di�: a long time, long, 13 drac, -nis m.: dragon, serpent, 7 duo, duae, duo: two, 10 �d, -ere, �did, �ditum: give out, emit, 3 ets: even if, although, though, 13 �vad, -ere, �v�s, �v�sum: go out, escape, 9 fer, ferre, tul, l�tus: carry, bear, endure, 10 fnis, -is m./f.: end, limit, border, boundary, 12 fnitimus, -a, -um: neighboring, bordering, 2 fi, fier, factus: become, be made, 9 flamma, -ae f.: flame, fire, torch, love, 1 herba, -ae f.: plant, grass, 6 horribilis, -e: horrible, dreadful, 11 ine, -re, -, -itum: go into, enter, 4 insci�ns, -scientis: unknowing, 2 intermitt, -ere: interrupt, break off, 5 ra, rae f.: anger, 12

iung, -ere, iunx, -iunctum: to join, 3 medicna, -ae f.: medicine, art of healing, 4 medius, -a, -um: middle of, 10 mons, montis m.: mountain, mount, 5 morior, mor, mortuus sum: to die, 4 m�t (1): to change, 1 neg (1): to deny, say that…not, 3 negtium, i n.: task, business, occupation, 13 nox, noctis, f.: night, 7 ob: on account of (acc.), 13 occ�si, -inis f.: chance, opportunity, 6 s, ris n.: face, mouth 3 ostend (1): show, display, 6 pater, patris, m.: father, 12 perfici, -ere, -f�c, -fectum: accomplish, 3 Ph�sis, Ph�sidis m.: Phasis, 1 postul (1): demand, claim, request, ask, 11 prius: before, 3 promitt, -ere, -ms, -missum: send forth, 3 propn, -ere, -su, -situm: put or set forth, 4 scientia, -ae f.: knowledge, wisdom, 6 sci, -re, -v (i), -tus: know, understand, 9 sententia, -ae f.: thought, feeling, opinion, 2 ser, serere, s�v, satum: to sow, plant, 1 spatium, -i n.: space, span, extent, 6 sube, -re, -i: to undergo, go up (to), 5 suscipi, -ere, -c�p, -ceptum: undertake, 14 taurus, - m.: bull, 7 vellus, velleris n.: fleece, 12

2 Brev…spati: abl. absolute 4 �gress essent: plpf. subj. cum-clause s� contul�runt: carried themselves; pf. 5 ut…tr�der�tur: that…; ind. command 6 quam ob causam: for what reason v�nissent: plpf. subj., ind. question 8 tr�dit�rum esse: fut. inf., s� is acc. subject 9 mut�t� sententi�: having changed his opinion; “opinion changed,” abl. abs. tr�dit�rum (esse): s� is acc. subject 10 difficillims: superlative, difficilis prius: comparative adverb perf�cisset: plpf. subj. perfici� ad…subeunda: for undergoing…; ad + gerundive, employ gerund-gerundive flip: translate as gerund and direct object; sube� 11 par�tum esse: pf. pass. inf., ind. disc. quid…vellet: what he wished to be done; impf. subj. vol�, ind. question 12 Prmum: first; adverb iungend erant: had to be joined; ‘were

(going) to be joined,’ passive periphrastic (gerundive + sum) expresses obligation or necessity speci� horribil: of…; abl. of quality 13 hs i�ncts: ablative abs. arandus erat: see line 12 serend (erant): see line 12 14 hs audts: ablative abs. rem esse: that…; ind. discourse summ percul: of…; gen. description 15 n�…�mitteret: neg. purpose clause gerendae: of carrying out…; gerundive, employ a gerundive-gerund flip 20 subit�rum esse: fut. inf. sub-e� aegr� fer�bat: bore poorly… 21 e…consili, ut: with…purpose, so that… 22 morer�tur: impf. of deponent morior quae cum: since these things were so; i.e. ‘as a result,’ common phrase in Cicero 23 insciente p�tre: abl. absolute, pres. pple

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qu�sdam carpsit; tum s�c express unguentum par�vit quod v su� corpus aleret nervsque cnfirm�ret. Hc fact I�son unguentum dedit; praec�pit autem ut e di� qu ist l�br�s cnficiend essent corpus suum et arma m�ne oblineret. Iason ets paene omnibus hominibus magnit�dine et vribus corporis antecell�bat (vta enim omnis in v�n�tinibus atque in studi re mlit�ris cns�m�batur), tamen hoc cnsilium nn neglegendum esse c�ns�bat. 69. THE SOWING OF THE DRAGON'S TEETH

Ubi is di�s v�nit quem r�x ad arandum agrum �dxerat, I�son ort� l�ce cum socis ad locum cnstit�tum s� contulit. Ibi stabulum ing�ns repperit, in qu taur erant incl�s; tum ports aperts taurs in l�cem tr�xit, et summ� cum difficult�te iugum imposuit. At Aeëtes cum vid�ret taurs nihil contr� I�sonem val�re, magnopere mr�tus est; nesci�bat enim fliam suam auxilium e dedisse. Tum I�son omnibus aspicientibus agrum ar�re coepit, qu� in r� tantam dligentiam praebuit ut ante merdiem ttum opus cnf�cerit. Hc fact ad locum ubi r�x sed�bat adiit et dent�s dracnis postul�vit; qu ubi acc�pit, in agrum quem ar�verat magn� cum dligenti� sparsit. Hrum autem dentium n�t�ra erat t�lis ut in e loc ubi s�ment�s factae essent vir arm�t mr qudam mod gignerentur.

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ade, -re, -i(v): go to, approach, 4 Ae�t�s: Aeetes, king of Cochis, 10 ager, -gr m.: land, field, territory, 11 al, -ere, alu, alitus: support, feed, nourish, 1 ante: before, in front of (acc.); adv. before, 5 antecell, -ere: surpass, excel, 1 aperi, -re, -u, -ertus: open, disclose, 3 arma, -rum n.: arms, equipment, tools, 6 arm (1): arm, equip, 4 ar, ar�re, -�v: plow, 4 aspici, -ere, -sp�x, -spectum: look at, 1 carp, -ere, -s, -tum: pluck, seize, 1 cense, -�re: to think, 2 confirm (1): make strong, strengthen, 5 consum, -ere, -mps, -mptum: take, spend 9 contr�: against (+ acc.), 7 d�ns, dentis m.: tooth, 5 difficult�s, -t�tis f.: difficulty, 7 diligentia, -ae f.: diligence, attentiveness, 5 drac, -nis m.: dragon, serpent, 7 �dc, -ere, -dx, dictum: declare, proclaim, 4 ets: even if, although, though, 13 exprim, -ere, -press, -pressum: press out, 1 gign, -ere, genu, genitum: bear, produce, 3 impon, -ere, -posu, -positus: place on, 7 incl�d, -ere, -�s, -�sum: close in, shut in, 7 iste, ista, istud: that or those (of yours), 7 iugum, - n.: yoke, 1 l�x, l�cis m.: light, 6 m�gnit�d, -t�dinis f.: size, greatness, 13 m�n�: in the morning, 1 merd�s, -� m.: midday, noon; south, 2

mlit�ris, -e: military, warlike, 3 mror, -�r, -�tus: to wonder, be amazed at, 7 mrus, -a, -um: wonderful, amazing, 7 nat�ra, -ae. f.: nature, 9 negleg, ere, -l�x, negl�ctum: to neglect, 1 nervus, - m.: sinew, muscle, 1 nesci, -re, -scv, -sctum: not know, 4 nihil: nothing, 14 oblin, -ere, -l�v, -litum: daub over, smear, 1 opus, -eris n.: work, deed, toil, 9 orior, orr, ortus sum: arise, spring up, 5 paene: almost, nearly, 8 porta, -ae f.: gate, 7 postul (1): demand, claim, request, ask, 11 praebe, -�re, -u, -itum: to present, give, 7 praecipi, -ere, -c�p, -ceptum: order, take, 6 que: and, 14 reperi, -re, repper, repertum: find out, 9 sede, -�re, s�d, sessum: to sit, 6 s�mentis, -is f.: seeding, sowing, 1 sparg, -ere, spars, sparsum: to sprinkle, 3 stabulum, - n.: stable, inclosure, 5 studium, - n.: zeal, desire, pursuit, 1 s�cus, - m.: juice, sap, moisture, 1 t�lis, -e: such, 6 taurus, - m.: bull, 7 trah, -ere, tr�x, tractum: to draw, drag, 6 unguentum, - m.: ointment, 3 vale, -�re, u: be strong, fare well, be able, 5 ven�ti, -tinis f.: hunting, 1 vta, -ae, f.: life, 9

1 s�c express: abl. absolute quod…aleret…confirm�ret: which…; impf. subj., relative clause of characteristic v su�: by its own power; abl. means 2 Hc fact: abl. absolute 3 praec�pit: governs an ind. command qu (di�)…: on which; the second of two abl. of time when constructions cnficiend essent: had to be…; ‘were (going) to be completed’ a passive periphrastic (gerundive + sum) suggests obligation or necessity; here impf. subj. 4 hominibus: dat. of compound verb 5 magnit�dine et vribus: in…; abl of respect 6 re mlit�ris: of military affairs 7 neglegendum esse: see line 3: passive periphrastic in ind. disc.; cnsilium is

acc. subject, all governed by c�ns�bat 10 ad arandum agrum: for…; employ a gerundive-gerund flip and translate this gerundive (adj.) as a gerund (noun) �dxerat: had appointed ort� l�ce: abl. abs.; deponent PPP 12 ports aperts: abl. absolute; aperi 14 nihil: not at all; adverbial acc. serves as a strong negative 15 fliam…dedisse: that…had given; e� is dat. sg. (is, ea, id) ind. obj 16 omnibus aspicientibus: abl. abs. qu� in r�: in qu� r�; relative adj. 17 ut…conf�cerit: that…; result, pf subj. Hoc fact: abl. abs. 20 Hrum dentium: nature of these teeth t�lis ut: such that…; result, impf subj. 21 mr mod: in a certain amazing way

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70. A STRANGE CROP

Nndum tamen I�son ttum opus cnf�cerat; imper�verat enim e Aeëtes ut arm�ts virs qu � dentibus gignerentur slus interficeret. Postquam igitur omn�s dent�s in agrum sparsit, I�son lassit�dine exanim�tus qui�t s� tr�didit, dum vir ist gignerentur. Pauc�s hr�s dormi�bat, sub vesperum tamen � somn subit excit�tus rem ita �v�nisse ut praedictum esset cognvit; nam in omnibus agr partibus vir ingent magnit�dine corporis gladis galesque arm�t mrum in modum � terr� ori�bantur. Hc cognit I�son cnsilium quod dedisset M�d�a nn mittendum esse put�bat. Saxum igitur ing�ns (ita enim M�d�a praec�perat) in medis virs coni�cit. Ill undique ad locum concurr�runt, et cum quisque sibi id saxum hab�re vellet, magna contrversia orta est. Mox stricts gladis inter s� pugn�re coep�runt, et cum hc modo pl�rim occs essent, reliqu vulneribus cnfect � I�sone n�ll negti interfect sunt. 71. THE FLIGHT OF MEDEA

R�x Aeët�s ubi I�sonem l�brem prpositum cnf�cisse cognvit, r� graviter commtus est; id enim per dolum factum esse intelleg�bat; nec dubit�bat qun M�d�a e auxilium tulisset. M�d�a autem cum intellegeret s� in magn fore percul s in r�gi� man�ret, fug� sal�tem petere cnstituit. Omnibus r�bus igitur ad fugam par�ts medi� nocte, nsciente patre, cum fr�tre Absyrt �v�sit, et quam celerrim� ad locum ubi Arg subducta erat s�

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Absyrtus, - m.: Absyrtus, Medea’s brother, 2 Ae�t�s: Aeetes, king of Cochis, 10 ager, -gr m.: land, field, territory, 11 Arg, -�s f.: Argo, 2 arm (1): arm, equip, 4 concurr, -ere, -curr, -cursus: run together 4 contrversia, -ae f.: dispute, controversy, 2 c�r: why, 1 d�ns, dentis m.: tooth, 5 dolus, - m.: trick, deceit, 4 dormi, -re, -v: to sleep, 8 dubit (1): to hestitate, doubt, 5 �vad, -ere, �v�s, �v�sum: go out, escape, 9 �veni, -re: turn out, happen, 8 exanim (1): to kill, exhaust, 9 excit (1): excite, rouse, incite, 8 fer, ferre, tul, l�tus: carry, bear, endure, 10 fr�ter, -tris m.: brother, 5 fuga, -ae f.: flight, haste, exile, speed, 6 galea, -ae f.: helmet, 3 gign, -ere, genu, genitum: bear, produce, 3 gladius, - m.: sword, 10 hora, -ae f.: hour, 5 imper (1): order, command, 12 insci�ns, -scientis: unknowing, 2 inter: between, among (+ acc.), 10 ra, rae f.: anger, 12 iste, ista, istud: that or those (of yours), 7 lassit�d, -inis f.: weariness, 2 m�gnit�d, -t�dinis f.: size, greatness, 13 mane, -�re, mans, --: to stay, wait, 9 medius, -a, -um: middle of, 10 mrus, -a, -um: wonderful, amazing, 7

nam: for, 6 nec: and not, nor, 10 negtium, i n.: task, business, occupation, 13 nesci, -re, -scv, -sctum: not know, 4 nondum: not yet, 4 nox, noctis, f.: night, 7 occid, -ere, -cid, -csus: kill, cut down, 14 omitt, -ere, -ms, -missum: neglect, omit, 6 opus, -eris n.: work, deed, toil, 9 orior, orr, ortus sum: arise, spring up, 5 pater, patris, m.: father, 12 pet, petere, petv, pettum: seek, aim at, 10 pl�rimus, -a, -um: most, very many, 3 praecipi, -ere, -c�p, -ceptum: order, take, 6 praedc, -ere, -dx, -dictum: sto predict, 1 propn, -ere, -su, -situm: put or set forth, 4 pugn (1): to fight, 4 put (1): to think, consider, 2 que: and, 14 qui�s, qui�tis f.: rest, repose, sleep, 5 qun: nay (even), (but) that, 12 quisque, quidque: each one, each person, 3 r�gia, -ae f.: palace, 4 slus, -a, -um: alone, only, lone, sole, 6 somnus, - m.: sleep, 14 sparg, -ere, spars, sparsum: to sprinkle, 3 string, -ere, strinx, strictum: to draw out, 3 sub: under, 4 subd�c, -ere, -d�x, -ductum: draw up, 2 undique: from everywhere, from all sides, 7 vesper, vesper m.: evening, 4 vulnus, -eris n.: wound, blow, 6

2 e: (for) him; dat. obj. if imper�verat 3 ut…interficeret: ind. command 5 qui�t s� tr�didit: gave himself to rest; i.e. he rested 6 pauc�s hr�s: for…; acc.of duration sub: near 7 �v�nisse: had turned out; pf. inf. �veni ita…ut…esset: thus as it had been predicted; otherwise indicative, subordinate verbs in ind. disc. become subjunctive 8 ingent magnit�dine: of…; abl. quality 9 mrum in modum: in an amazing way; ‘according to an amazing manner’ Hc cognit: abl. abs. 10 quod dedisset: which…; relative clause of characteristic, plpf. subj 10 mittendum esse: had to be…: ‘was

(going) to be omitted’ pass. periphrastic in ind. disc. in secondary sequence; cnsilium is acc. subject 13 id saxum: this rock; demonstrative adj. vellet: impf. subj. vol, (inf. velle) 14 stricts gladis: abl. abs. hc mod: in…; abl. manner, cum is the adverbial conjunction ‘when’ 15 pl�rim: very many (men); nom. subj. n�ll negti: with no effort; manner 21 nec dubit�bat qun: he did not doubt that; qun often follows ‘nn dubit’ tulisset: plpf. subj. fer 22 fore: would be; ~fut�rum esse, fut. inf. 23 omnibus…par�ts: abl. abs. 24 nsciente p�tre: abl. abs., pres. pple 25 quam celerrim�: as quickly as possible

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contulit. E cum v�nisset, ad ped�s I�sonis s� pri�cit, et mults cum lacrims eum obsecr�vit n� in tant discrmine mulierem d�sereret quae e tantum prfuisset. Ille quod memori� ten�bat s� per eius auxilium � magn percul �v�sisse, libenter eam exc�pit, et postquam causam veniend audvit, hort�tus est n� patris ram tim�ret. Prmsit autem s� quam prmum eam in n�v su� �vect�rum. 72. THE SEIZURE OF THE FLEECE

Postrdi� eius di� I�son cum socis sus ort� l�ce n�vem d�d�xit, et tempest�tem idneam nact ad eum locum r�ms contend�runt, qu in loc M�d�a vellus c�l�tum esse d�mnstr�bat. Cum e v�nissent, I�son in terram �gressus est, et socis ad mare relicts, qu praesidi n�v essent, ipse cum M�d�� in silv�s s� contulit. Pauca mlia passuum per silvam prgressus, vellus quod quaer�bat ex arbore susp�nsum vdit. Id tamen auferre erat summae difficult�tis; nn modo enim locus ipse �gregi� et n�t�r� et arte erat muntus, sed etiam drac qudam speci� terribil arborem custdi�bat. Tum M�d�a, quae, ut supr� d�mnstr�vimus, medicnae summam scientiam habuit, r�mum quem de arbore proxim� d�ripuerat ven�no nf�cit. Hc fact ad locum appropinqu�vit, et dracnem, qu, faucibus aperts, eius adventum exspect�bat, ven�n sparsit; deinde, dum drac somn oppressus dormit, I�son vellus aureum d� arbore d�ripuit et cum M�d�� quam celerrim� pedem rettulit.

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adveni, -re, -v�n, -ventum: approach, 1 aperi, -re, -u, -ertus: open, disclose, 3 appropinqu (1): come near, approach, 8 arbor, -is f.: tree, 5 ars, artis f.: skill, craft, art, 5 aufer, -ferre, abstul, -l�tum: carry away 11 �veh, -ere, -vex, -vectum: carry away, 1 c�l (1): hide, conceal, 5 contend, -ere, -, -tus: strive; hasten; fight 11 custodi, -re, -v, -tum: to guard, 4 d�d�c, -ere: lead or bring down, launch, 10 deinde: then, thereupon, 8 d�monstr (1): to show, demonstrate, 13 d�ripi, -ere, d�ripu, -reptum: tear away, 2 d�ser, -ere, -u, -sertum: to desert, 2 difficult�s, -t�tis f.: difficulty, 7 discrmen, -crminis n.: crisis, peril, 5 dormi, -re, -v: to sleep, 8 drac, -nis m.: dragon, serpent, 7 �gregi�: excellently, 1 �vad, -ere, �v�s, �v�sum: go out, escape, 9 excipi, ere, c�p, ceptum: receive, welcome9 fauc�s, -ium f.: throat, 2 hortor, -�r, -�tus sum: to encourage, urge, 4 idneus, -a, -um: suitable, appropriate, 12 nfici, -ere, -f�c, -fectum: stain, dye, 4 ra, rae f.: anger, 12 lacrima, -ae f.: tear, 10 libenter: gladly, willingly, 12 l�x, l�cis m.: light, 6 medicna, -ae f.: medicine, art of healing, 4 memoria, -ae f.: memory, 4

mlle (pl. mlia): thousand, 7 mulier, mulieris f.: woman, 3 muni, -re, -v, -tum: to fortify, build, 2 nanciscor, nancisc, nactus: attain, meet, 7 nat�ra, -ae. f.: nature, 9 obsecr (1): beseech, implore, entreat, 5 opprim, -ere, -press: to overpower 5 orior, orr, ortus sum: arise, spring up, 5 passus, -�s: pace, 7 pater, patris, m.: father, 12 p�s, pedis m.: foot, 8 postrdi�: the day after, the next day, 4 praesidium, -i n.: protection, guard, 3 prici, -icere, -i�c, -iectum: throw forth, 4 prmitt, -ere, -ms, -missum: send forth, 3 prsum, prdesse, prfu: profit, benefit, 6 proximus, -a, -um: nearest, next, 5 r�mus, - m.: branch, 1 relinqu, -ere, -lqu, -lictum: leave behind, 9 r�mus, - m.: oar, 4 scientia, -ae f.: knowledge, wisdom, 6 silva, -ae f.: wood, forest, woodland, 7 somnus, - m.: sleep, 14 sparg, -ere, spars, sparsum: to sprinkle, 3 supr�: above, before, 6 suspend, -ere, -pend, -pensum: hang up, 1 tene, ten�re, tenu, tentum: to hold, keep 13 terribilis, -e: terrible, dreadful, 5 time, -�re, -u: fear, dread, 6 vellus, velleris n.: fleece, 12 ven�num, - n.: poison, 7

1 s� contulit: carried himself; pf. confer� E: (to) there; adverb 2 n�…d�sereret: neg. ind. command 3 e tantum prfuisset: had been so good to him; ‘had been so much profit to him,’ dat. interest and inner acc. “so great a benefit’; plpf. subj. pr�sum, relative of characteristic memori� ten�bat: i.e. remembered; ‘in memory’ is in fact an abl. of means s�…�v�sisse: that he…; follows ten�bat 4 exc�pit: welcomed; as often, ‘received’ 5 veniend: gen. sg. gerund hort�tus est: pf. dep. hortor n�…tim�ret: negative ind. command 6 s�…�vect�rum (esse): that…would carry away; fut. inf. (add esse to the pple.) quam prmum: as soon as possible 10 postrdi� eius di�: the day after that

day; abl. time when; gen. sg. ort� l�ce: abl. abs., deponent PPP 11 nact: having attained; pple nanc�scor contend�runt: hastened; ‘strove’ 12 e: to there; see line 1 13 socis…relicts: abl. abs. 14 praesidi n�v essent: served as guard for the ship; ‘for guard for the ship,’ double dat. (purpose and interest) 16 id…auferre: to carry it off; subject inf. summae difficult�tis: of…; gen. of description is a predicate 17 nn modo…sed etiam: not only…but also et…et: both…and erat muntus: mun�tus erat; plpf. pass. 21 nf�cit: infected a branch with poison 24 quam celerrim�: as quickly as possible 25 pedem rettulit: i.e. “returned” refer�

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73. THE RETURN TO THE ARGO

Dum autem ea geruntur, Argonautae, qu ad mare relict erant, anxi anim reditum I�sonis exspect�bant; id enim negtium summ esse percul intelleg�bant. Postquam igitur ad occ�sum slis fr�str� exspect�v�runt, d� eius sal�te d�sp�r�re coep�runt, nec dubit�bant qun aliqu c�sus accidisset. Quae cum ita essent, m�t�randum sibi c�nsu�runt, ut d�c auxilium ferrent; sed dum proficsc parant, l�men quoddam subit cnspiciunt mrum in modum intr� silv�s refulg�ns, et magnopere mr�t quae causa esset eius re ad locum concurrunt. Qu cum v�nissent, I�son et M�d�ae advenientibus occurr�runt, et vellus aureum l�minis eius causam esse cognv�runt. Omn timre subl�t magn cum gaudi d�cem suum exc�p�runt, et ds gr�ti�s maxim�s �g�runt quod r�s tam f�lciter �v�nisset. 74. THE PURSUIT

Hs r�bus gests omn�s sine mor� n�vem r�rsus cnscend�runt, et subl�ts ancors prm� vigili� solv�runt; neque enim satis t�tum esse arbitr�t sunt in e loc man�re. At r�x Aeët�s, qu iam ante inimc in es fuerat anim, ubi cognvit fliam suam nn modo ad Argonaut�s s� rec�pisse sed etiam ad vellus auferendum auxilium tulisse, hc dolre gravius ex�rsit. N�vem longam quam celerrim� d�d�c iussit, et mlitibus imposits fugient�s nsec�tus est. Argonautae, qu rem in discrmine esse bene sci�bant, omnibus

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accid, -ere, accid: to happen, fall (on)to, 8 adveni, -re, -v�n, -ventum: approach, 1 Ae�t�s: Aeetes, king of Cochis, 10 aliqu, -qua, -quod: some, any, definite, 3 ancora, ancorae f.: anchor, 7 ante: before, in front of (acc.); adv. before, 5 anxius, -a, -um: anxious, 3 arbitror, -�r, -�tus sum: to judge, think, 11 aufer, -ferre, abstul, -l�tum: carry away 11 aureus, -a, -um: golden, 13 bene: well, 5 c�sus, -�s m.: misfortune, accident, event, 8 cense, -�re: to think, 2 concurr, -ere, -curr, -cursus: run together 4 conscend, -ere, -nd, -nsum: climb aboard, 6 conspici, -ere, -�x, -ectum: catch sight of, 3 d�d�c, -ere: lead or bring down, launch, 10 d�sp�r (1): to despair, give up, 4 discrmen, -crminis n.: crisis, peril, 5 dubit (1): to hestitate, doubt, 5 dux, ducis m/f.: leader, guide, chieftain, 5 �veni, -re: turn out, happen, 8 ex�rd�sc, -ere, -�rs, -�rsum: catch fire, 2 excipi, ere, c�p, ceptum: receive, welcome9 f�liciter: happily, fortunately, 3 fer, ferre, tul, l�tus: carry, bear, endure, 10 frustr�: in vain, for nothing, 13 fugi, fugere, f�g, --: to flee, hurry away, 9 gaudium, -i n.: gladness, joy, 9 gr�tia, -ae f.: graditude, favor, thanks, 10 impon, -ere, -posu, -positus: place on, 7 inimcus, -a, -um: unfriendly, hostile, 2

insequor, -sequ, -sec�tum: follow upon, 1 intr�: within, among (+ acc.), 4 longus, -a, -um: long, 4 l�men, l�minis n.: light, 3 mane, -�re, mans, --: to stay, wait, 9 m�t�r (1): to hasten, ripen, 7 maximus, -a, -um: greatest, 9 ml�s, mlitis m.: soldier, 2 mror, -�r, -�tus: to wonder, be amazed at, 7 mrus, -a, -um: wonderful, amazing, 7 mora, -ae f.: delay, hesitation, hindrance, 14 nec: and not, nor, 10 negtium, i n.: task, business, occupation, 13 occ�sus, -�s m.: fall, destruction, 4 occurr, -ere: run into, meet, attack, 2 qun: nay (even), (but) that, 12 recipi, -ere, -c�p, -ceptum: accept, take back, 8 reditus, -�s m.: return, 5 refulge, -�re, -fuls: flash back, shine, 1 relinqu, -ere, -lqu, -lictum: leave behind, 9 rursus: again, backward, back, 7 satis: enough, sufficient, 6 sci, -re, -v (i), -tus: know, understand, 9 silva, -ae f.: wood, forest, woodland, 7 sl, slis m.: sun, 10 tam: so, so much, so very, such, 8 toll, tolle, sustul, subl�tum: raise, lift up 10 tutus, -a, -um: safe, secure, 3 vellus, velleris n.: fleece, 12 vigilia, -ae f.: watch, night-watch, 1

2 ea: these (things); neuter pl. demonstrative ad: near, at 3 anxi anim: with anxious heart; manner id negtium: this task; acc. subj. 4 summ percul: of…; gen. description 5 nec dubit�bat qun: he did not doubt that; qu�n often follows “n�n dubit�” 6 aliqu: some; nom. sg. adj. modifies c�sus quae cum...: Since these things were so; i.e. ‘as a result,’ common in Cicero 7 m�t�randum (esse) sibi: that he had to hurry; ‘(it is) (going) to be hurried by him’ passive periphrastic (gerundive + sum) with dat. of agent: translate in active duc: to the leader; dat. ind. obj. dux 8 mrum in modum: in an amazing way 9 refulg�ns: pres. pple, modifies neut. lmen mr�t: having wondered; dep. PPP

quae…esset: ind. question, impf. subj. sum 10 Qu: to where; ‘to which place’ I�son, M�d�ae: dat. of compound verb advenientibus: dat. pl. pres. pple 12 omn…subl�t: abl. abs., PPP toll� ‘remove,’ in other instances ‘lifted up’ 13 exc�p�runt: welcomed gr�ti�s �g�runt: gave thanks; idiom, ag� quod…�v�nisset: because it had turned out; plpf. subj. of alleged cause 17 Hs…gests: abl. abs., PPP ger� 18 subl�ts ancors: abl. abs., toll� ‘lifted up’ 19 man�re: subject of esse, ttum is the pred. 20 inimc anim: of…; abl. quality 21 s� rec�pisse: had retreated; idiom ad auferendum: for carrying off… 22 gravius: more strongly; comp. adv. 23 mlitibus imposits: abl. abs.

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vribus r�ms contend�bant; cum tamen n�vis qu� veh�bantur ingent esset magnit�dine, nn e�dem celerit�te qu� Colch prgred poterant. Qu factum est ut minimum abesset qun � Colchs sequentibus caperentur, neque enim longius intererat quam qu t�lum adic posset. At M�d�a cum vdisset qu in loc r�s essent, paene omn sp� d�posit�, infandum hoc cnsilium c�pit. 75. A FEARFUL EXPEDIENT

Erat in n�v Argonaut�rum flius qudam r�gis Aeëtae, nmine Absyrtus, quem, ut supr� d�mnstr�vimus, M�d�a ex urbe fugi�ns s�cum abd�xerat. Hunc puerum M�d�a interficere cnstituit e cnsili, ut membrs eius in mare coni�cts cursum Colchrum impedret; cert enim sci�bat Aeëtem, cum membra fl vdisset, nn longius prsec�t�rum esse. Neque opni M�d�am fefellit, omnia enim ita �v�n�runt ut sp�r�verat. Aeët�s ubi prmum membra vdit, ad ea colligenda n�vem ten�r iussit. Dum tamen ea geruntur, Argonautae nn intermiss remigand l�bre mox � cnspect� hostium aufer�bantur, neque prius fugere d�stit�runt quam ad fl�men Erid�num perv�n�runt. Aeëtes nihil sibi prfut�rum esse arbitr�tus s longius prgressus esset, anim d�miss domum revertit, ut fl corpus ad sepult�ram daret. 76. THE BARGAIN WITH PELIAS

Tandem post multa percula I�son in eundem locum perv�nit unde profectus erat. Tum � n�v �gressus ad r�gem Peliam, qu r�gnum adhuc obtin�bat, statim s� contulit, et vellere aure mnstr�t ab e

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abduc�, -ere, d x�, ductum: to lead away, 1 absum�, -ere, -mps�, -mptum: take away, 1 Absyrtus, -� m.: Absyrtus, Medea’s brother, 2 adhuc: still, 5 adici�, -ere, -ic�, -iectum: throw at, hurl, 1 Aets: Aeetes, king of Cochis, 10 arbitror, -�r�, -�tus sum: to judge, think, 11 aufer�, -ferre, abstul�, -l�tum: carry away 11 aureus, -a, -um: golden, 13 celerit�s, -t�tis f.: speed, quickness, 7 certus, -a, -um: fixed, sure, 11 Colch�, -�rum m.: Colchians, 3 Colchis, -idis f.: Colchis, 4 conlig�, -ere: gather, tie together, 1 conspectus, - s m.: sight, view, 6 contend�, -ere, -�, -tus: strive; hasten; fight 11 cursus, - s m.: course, running, haste, 10 dmitt�, -ere, -m�s�, -missum: to drop, 3 dmonstr� (1): to show, demonstrate, 13 dpon�, -ere, -su�, -situm: put down, deposit9 dsist�, -ere, -stit�, -stitum: desist, stop, 5 domus, - s f.: house, home, dwelling, 11 ridanus, -� m.: Eridanus, 1 veni�, -�re: turn out, happen, 8 fall�, -ere, fefell�, falsum: deceive, fail, 3 f�lius, -i� m.: son, 10 fugi�, fugere, f g�, --: to flee, hurry away, 9 hostis, -is m./f.: stranger, enemy, foe, 5 impedi�, -�re, -�v�, -�tum: hinder, impede, 1 infandus, -a, -um: unspeakable, 1

intermitt�, -ere: interrupt, break off, 5 intersum, interesse, -fu�: be between, 1 long: far, far and wide, 6 m�gnit d�, -t dinis f.: size, greatness, 13 membrum, -� n.: limb, member, 10 minimus, -a, -um: very little, 1 monstr� (1): to show, demonstrate, 3 nihil: nothing, 14 n�men, n�minis, n.: name, 12 obtine�, -re, -u�, -tentum: hold, maintain, 9 op�ni�, -i�nis f.: opinion, reputation, 6 paene: almost, nearly, 8 Peli�s, -ae f.: Pelias, 14 prius: before, 3 prosequor, sequ�, -sec tum: follow, pursue 1 pr�sum, pr�desse, pr�fu�: profit, benefit, 6 qu�n: nay (even), (but) that, 12 rmig� (1): row, 1 rmus, -� m.: oar, 4 revert�, -ere, revers�: turn back, return, 2 sci�, -�re, -�v� (i�), -�tus: know, understand, 9 sepult ra, -ae f.: burial, 2 sequor, -�, sec tus: follow, pursue, attend, 4 spr� (1): hope (for), expect, 5 supr�: above, before, 6 tlum, -� n.: weapon, arrow, spear, 3 tene�, tenre, tenu�, tentum: to hold, keep 13 unde: whence, from which source, 6 veh�, -ere, vx�, vectum: to convey, carry, 5 vellus, velleris n.: fleece, 12

1 v�ribus: with all their strength; manner contendbant: hastened cum: since qu�: relative pronoun, abl. means 2 ingent� magnit dine: of…; abl. quality, pred. of esset; 3rd decl. i-stem ablative celerit�te: with…; abl. manner qu�: with which; abl. manner pr�gred�: pres. deponent inf. 3 Qu� factum…morertur: because of which it happened that it was not at all far from being captured by the pursuing Colchians; ‘were least away that they…’ abl. of cause; the ut-clause is a noun result clause; minimum is adv. acc. Longius intererat quam: for it was no farther between than…; comparative 5 qu� tlum: (that) in which, (that) to which posset: impf. subj. possum + pass. inf. 6 paene omn�…dposit�: abl. abs.

c�nsilium cpit: adopted a plan; ‘took up’ 9 n�mine: by name; abl. respect 10 ut: as; ut + indicative fugins: pres. pple fugi�, -ere 11 e� c�nsili�: with this purpose, (namely) so that; precedes purpose cl. 12 membris…conict�s: abl. abs. 14 longius: farther; comparative adv. op�ni�: expectation 15 ita…ut: just as; ut + indicative pr�mum: first; adverb 16 ad ea colligenda: for gathering them; employ a gerund-gerundive flip 17 remigand�: gen. gerund 18 prius…quam: earlier than, before fugere: from fleeing; English idiom 19 nihil: that it would be no profit for him;

inner acc. or adv. acc. (not at all), cf. p. 77 20 anim� dmiss�: with dejected heart 26 s contulit: carried himself; confer�

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postul�vit ut r�gnum sibi tr�der�tur; Peli�s enim pollicitus erat, s I�son vellus rettulisset, s� r�gnum e tr�dit�rum. Postquam I�son quid fier vellet ostendit, Peli�s prm nihil respondit, sed di� in e�dem trstiti� tacitus permansit; tandem ita loc�tus est: “Vid�s m� aet�te iam esse cnfectum, neque dubium est qun di�s supr�mus mihi appropinquet. Liceat igitur mihi, dum vvam, hoc r�gnum obtin�re; cum autem tandem d�cesser, tu mihi succ�d�s.” H�c r�tine adductus I�son respondit s� id fact�rum quod ille rog�sset. 77. MAGIC ARTS

Hs r�bus cognits M�d�a rem aegr� tulit, et r�gn cupidit�te adducta mortem r�g per dolum nferre cnstituit. Hc cnstit�t ad fli�s r�gis v�nit atque ita loc�ta est: “Vid�tis patrem vestrum aet�te iam esse cnfectum neque ad l�brem r�gnand perferendum satis val�re. Vultisne eum r�rsus iuvenem fier?” Tum fliae r�gis ita respond�runt: “Num hoc fier potest? Quis enim umquam � sene iuvenis factus est?” At M�d�a respondit: “M� medicnae summam hab�re scientiam sctis. Nunc igitur vbs d�mnstr�b qu mod haec r�s fier possit.” Postquam fnem loquend f�cit, arietem aet�te iam confectum interf�cit et membra eius in v�se a�ne posuit, atque ign supposit in aquam herb�s qu�sdam inf�dit. Tum, dum aqua efferv�sceret, carmen magicum cant�bat. Mox aries � v�se exsiluit et, vribus refects, per agrs curr�bat.

1 5 10

15 20

Argonauts 83

add�c, -ere, -x, -ctum: to lead to, bring, 8 aegr�: with difficulty, wearily, 4 a�neus, -a, -um: of bronze, 3 aet�s, aet�tis f.: age, lifetime, time, 4 ager, -gr m.: land, field, territory, 11 appropinqu (1): come near, approach, 8 aqua, -ae f.: water, 11 ari�s, -ietis m.: ram, battering-ram, 2 cant (1): sing, 1 carmen, carminis n.: song, 2 cupidit�s, -t�tis f.: desire, passion, 5 curr, -ere, cucurr, cursus: run, rush, fly, 4 d�c�d, -ere, -cess, -cessum: depart; die, 2 d�monstr (1): to show, demonstrate, 13 di�: a long time, long, 13 dolus, - m.: trick, deceit, 4 dubius, -a, -um: doubtful, uncertain, 3 efferv�sc, -ere, -ferbu: to boil up or over, 1 exsili, -re, -silu: leap out or forth, 1 fer, ferre, tul, l�tus: carry, bear, endure, 10 fnis, -is m./f.: end, limit, border, boundary, 12 fi, fier, factus: become, be made, 9 herba, -ae f.: plant, grass, 6 ignis, ignis, m.: fire, 9 infer, -ferre, -tul, -l�tus: bring on, wage, 3 infund, -ere, -f�d, f�sum: pour into, 1 iuvenis, -is m.: youth, young man, 4 licet, -�re, -uit: is allowed, permitted, 5 loquor, loqu, loc�tus sum: speak, address, 9 magicus, -a, -um: magic, 5 medicna, -ae f.: medicine, art of healing, 4 membrum, - n.: limb, member, 10 mors, mortis, f.: death, 9 ne: introduces a yes/no question, 1 nihil: nothing, 14

num: question expecting negative answer, 2 nunc: now, at present, 4 obtine, -�re, -u, -tentum: hold, maintain, 9 r�tio, -ionis f.: speaking, speech, language, 2 ostend (1): show, display, 6 pater, patris, m.: father, 12 Peli�s, -ae f.: Pelias, 14 perfer, -ferre, -tul, -l�tus: bear, betake, 2 permane, -�re, -mans: to remain, 1 polliceor, -c�r, -citus: promise, proffer, 2 pon, ponere, posu, positum: to place, put, 5 postul (1): demand, claim, request, ask, 11 qun: nay (even), (but) that, 12 refici, -ere, f�c, fectum: renew, make new 2 r�gn (1): to rule, reign, 3 responde, -�re, -d, -nsus: to answer, 13 rog (1): to ask, 1 rursus: again, backward, back, 7 satis: enough, sufficient, 6 scientia, -ae f.: knowledge, wisdom, 6 sci, -re, -v (i), -tus: know, understand, 9 senex, senis m.: old man, 1 succ�d, -ere, -cess: to come up, succeed, 1 suppon, -ere, -su, -situm; set beneath, 1 supr�mus, -a, -um: highest, last, 1 tace, -�re, -u, -itum: be silent, 2 tristitia, -ae f.: sadness, 1 tu: you, 10 umquam: ever, 5 vale, -�re, u: be strong, fare well, be able, 5 v�s, v�sis n.: vessel, 5 vellus, velleris n.: fleece, 12 vester, vestra, vestrum: your, 2 vvus, -a, -um: living, alive, 4 vs: you, you all, 3

1 ut: that…; ind. command 2 rettulisset: if…had brought back; fut. pf. indicate in future-more-vivid condition made plpf subj in ind. disc. e: dat. sg. indirect object tradit�rum (esse): fut. inf.; add esse 3 quid…vellet: what he wished to be done; impf. subj. vol�, ind. question 5 cnfectum (esse): have been exhausted; neque…qun: there is not doubt that… 6 mihi: to me; dat. of compound verb liceat: let it be allowed; jussive pres. subj. vvam: 1st sg. pres. subjunctive 7 d�cesser: I depart (from life); fut. pf. mihi: me; dat with compound verb

8 id…quod: that which… fact�rum (esse): fut. inf. in indirect disc. rog�(vi)sset: syncopated plpf subj. 10 Hs…cognits: abl. abs. 11 tulit: bore poorly; pf. fer� 12 r�g: upon the king; dat. of compound verb 14 cnfectum (esse): see note, line 5 ad…perferendum: for accomplishing… r�gnand: gen. sg. gerund (-ing) 15 satis val�re: is not strong enough Vultis: 2nd pl. present vol� fier: to be made/done; inf. fi� 16 Num: surely….not?; expects a ‘no’ answer 18 qu mod: in what way; indirect question 23 vribus refects: strength recovered; abs.

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78. A DANGEROUS EXPERIMENT

Dum fliae r�gis hoc mr�culum stupent�s intuentur, M�d�a ita loc�ta est: “Vid�tis quantum valeat medicna. Vs igitur, s vultis patrem vestrum in adul�scentiam red�cere, id quod f�c ipsae faci�tis. Vs patris membra in v�s conicite; ego herb�s magic�s praeb�b.” Quod ubi audtum est, fliae r�gis cnsilium quod dedisset M�d�a nn mittendum put�v�runt. Patrem igitur Peliam nec�v�runt et membra eius in v�s a�neum coni�c�runt; nihil autem dubit�bant qun hoc maxim� e prfut�rum esset. At r�s omnn aliter �v�nit ac sp�r�verant, M�d�a enim nn e�sdem herb�s dedit quibus ipsa �sa erat. Itaque postquam di� fr�str� exspect�v�runt, patrem suum r� v�r� mortuum esse intell�x�runt. Hs r�bus gests M�d�a s� cum coniuge su r�gnum accept�ram esse sp�r�bat; sed cv�s cum intellegerent qu mod Pelias periisset, tantum scelus aegr� tul�runt. Itaque I�sone et M�d�� � r�gn expulss, Acastum r�gem cre�v�runt. 79. A FATAL GIFT

I�son et M�d�a � Thessali� expuls ad urbem Corinthum v�n�runt, cuius urbis Cren qudam r�gnum tum obtin�bat. Erat autem Creont flia �na, nmine Glauc�. Quam cum vdisset, Iason cnstituit M�d�ae uxr suae n�ntium mittere e cnsili, ut Glauc�n in m�trimnium d�ceret. At M�d�a ubi intell�xit quae ille in anim hab�ret, r� graviter commta i�re iurand cnfirm�vit s� tantam ini�riam ult�ram. Hoc igitur cnsilium c�pit. Vestem

1

5 10 15

20 25

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Acastus, - m.: Acastus, 1 adulescentia, -ae f.: youth, 1 aegr�: with difficulty, wearily, 4 a�neus, -a, -um: of bronze, 3 aliter: otherwise, in another way, 3 cvis, -is m/f: citizen, fellow citizen, 5 confirm (1): make strong, strengthen, 5 coni�nx, -iugis m/f: husband, wife, spouse, 1 Corinthus, - m.: Corinth, 1 cre (1): to create, 2 Creon, -ontis m.: Creon, 5 di�: a long time, long, 13 dubit (1): to hestitate, doubt, 5 duc, -ere, d�x, ductus: lead, draw, bring, 5 ego: I, 9 �veni, -re: turn out, happen, 8 expell, -ere, pul, pulsum: drive out, expel 3 fer, ferre, tul, l�tus: carry, bear, endure, 10 frustr�: in vain, for nothing, 13 Glauc�, -�s f.: Glauce, 4 herba, -ae f.: plant, grass, 6 ini�ria, -ae f.: wrong, insult, injustice, 2 intueor, -tu�r, -tuitus sum: look upon, 1 ra, rae f.: anger, 12 Itaque: and so, 8 iur (1): to swear, 2 i�s, i�ris n.: justice, law, right, 4 loquor, loqu, loc�tus sum: speak, address, 9 magicus, -a, -um: magic, 5 matrimnium, -i n.: marriage, 6 maxim�: especially, very greatly, 5 medicna, -ae f.: medicine, art of healing, 4

membrum, - n.: limb, member, 10 mr�culum, - n.: wonder, marvel, miracle, 1 mortuus, -a, -um: dead, 7 nec (1): to kill, slay, put to death, 9 nihil: nothing, 14 nmen, nminis, n.: name, 12 nuntius, -i m.: messenger, 12 obtine, -�re, -u, -tentum: hold, maintain, 9 omitt, -ere, -ms, -missum: neglect, omit, 6 omnn: altogether, wholely, entirely, 11 pater, patris, m.: father, 12 Peli�s, -ae f.: Pelias, 14 pere, -perre, peri, perit�rum: to perish, 1 praebe, -�re, -u, -itum: to present, give, 7 prsum, prdesse, prfu: profit, benefit, 6 put (1): to think, consider, 2 quantus, -a, -um: how much, how great, 4 qun: nay (even), (but) that, 12 red�c, -ere, -x, -ctus: lead or bring back, 11 scelus, sceleris n.: wickedness, crime, 4 sp�r (1): hope (for), expect, 5 stupe, -�re, -u: be stunned, be astounded, 1 Thessalia, -ae f.: Thessaly, 4 ulcscor, ulcsc, ultus sum: to avenge, 2 �tor, �t, �sum sum:use, employ, enjoy 2 uxor, �xris f.: wife, spouse, 10 vale, -�re, u: be strong, fare well, be able, 5 v�s, v�sis n.: vessel, 5 verus, -a, -um: true, real, 2 vester, vestra, vestrum: your, 2 vestis, -is f.: clothing, 12 vs: you, you all, 3

3 quantum valeat medicna: how strong is…; inner acc. ind. question, pres. subj. vultis: 2nd pl. vol 4 id quod: that which…; demonstrative 5 conicite: plural imperative, -ici from iaci 6 quod: this; ‘which,’ nom. subject quod…M�d�a: plpf. subj., relative clause of characteristic 7 mittendum (esse): must be…: ‘was (going) to be omitted,’ pass. periphrastic in ind. disc.; cnsilium is acc. subject, 9 dubit�bant qun: they did not at all doubt that; nihil is an adv. acc. or inner acc. (had no doubt); qun often follows dubit�re prfut�rum esset: would be profitable; ‘was going to be profitable,’ periphrastic fut. (fut pple + sum); impf subj 11 quibus: which; abl. obj. of �sa est

ipsa: (she) herself �sa est: pf. dep. �tor, governs abl. 12 r� v�r�: in true fact; i.e. actually hs…gests: abl. abs., PPP ger 13 accept�ram esse: would receive; s� is acc. subj.; fut. inf. 14 qu mod: in what way; abl. manner periisset: plpf. subj. per-e, ind. quest 15 tul�runt: pf. fer, again to bear poorly I�sone…expulss: abl. abs. 20 cuius urbis: of which city; + regnum 21 Crent: there was to Creon; ‘Creon had,’ dat. of possession 24 i�re iurand: by sworn oath; ‘by oath (going) to be worn,’ abl. means 25 ult�rum (esse): fut. inf. ulcscor c�pit: adopted; ‘took up’

Argonauts 86

par�vit summ� arte textam et varis colribus nfectam; hanc mortifer qudam ven�n tnxit, cuius vs t�lis erat ut s quis eam vestem induisset, corpus eius quasi ign �rer�tur. Hc fact vestem ad Glauc�n msit; illa autem nihil mal suspic�ns dnum libenter acc�pit, et vestem nvam mre f�min�rum statim induit. 80. MEDEA KILLS HER SONS

Vix vestem induerat Glauc� cum dolrem gravem per omnia membra s�nsit, et paul post cr�d�l cruci�t� affecta � vt� excessit. Hs r�bus gests M�d�a furre atque �menti� impulsa flis sus nec�vit; tum magnum sibi fore perculum arbitr�ta s in Thessali� man�ret, ex e� regine fugere cnstituit. Hc cnstit�t Slem or�vit ut in tant percul auxilium sibi praeb�ret. Sl autem hs precibus commtus currum msit cui erant i�nct dracn�s �ls nstruct. M�d�a nn omittendam tantam occ�sinem arbitr�ta currum ascendit, itaque per �ëra vecta incolumis ad urbem Ath�n�s perv�nit. I�son ipse brev tempore mr mod occsus est. Accidit sve c�s� sve cnsili derum ut sub umbr� n�vis suae, quae in ltus subducta erat, dormret. Mox n�vis, quae adhuc �r�cta steterat, in eam partem ubi I�son iac�bat subit d�l�psa virum nf�lcem oppressit.

1 5

10 15 20

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accid, -ere, accid: to happen, fall (on)to, 8 adhuc: still, 5 ��r, a�ris n.: air, 6 affici, -ere, -f�c, fectum: influence, treat, 13 �la, -ae f.: wing, 2 �mentia, -ae f.: madness, 2 arbitror, -�r, -�tus sum: to judge, think, 11 ars, artis f.: skill, craft, art, 5 ascend, -ere, -, -�nsus: ascend, mount, 3 Athenae, -�rum f.: Athens, 1 c�sus, -�s m.: misfortune, accident, event, 8 color, colris m.: color, 1 cruci�tus, -�s m.: torture, 2 cr�d�lis, -e: cruel, bitter, bloody, 6 currus, -�s m.: chariot, cart, 2 d�l�bor, -l�b, -lapsum: slip or fall down, 1 dnum, - n.: gift, 6 dormi, -re, -v: to sleep, 8 drac, -nis m.: dragon, serpent, 7 �rig, -ere, -r�x, -rectum: raise up, lift, 1 exc�d, -ere, -cess, -cessum: go out, depart, 2 f�mina, -ae f.: woman, 3 flius, -i m.: son, 10 fugi, fugere, f�g, --: to flee, hurry away, 9 furor, -ris m.: rage, fury, madness, 4 Glauc�, -�s f.: Glauce, 4 iace, -�re, -u: to lie, lie low, 3 ignis, ignis, m.: fire, 9 impell, -ere, pul, pulsum: drive on incite 3 incolumis, -e: inscathed, uninjured, safe, 7 indu, -ere, indu, ind�tum: put on, 8 Inf�lx, -f�lcis: unhappy, unfortunate, 2 nfici, -ere, -f�c, -fectum: stain, dye, 4 instru, -ere, -�x, -uctum: equip, draw up, 6 Itaque: and so, 8 iung, -ere, iunx, -iunctum: to join, 3

libenter: gladly, willingly, 12 malus, -a, -um: bad, 3 mane, -�re, mans, --: to stay, wait, 9 membrum, - n.: limb, member, 10 mrus, -a, -um: wonderful, amazing, 7 mortifer, -fera, -ferum: death-bearing, 2 ms, mris m.: custom, manner, law, 6 nec (1): to kill, slay, put to death, 9 nihil: nothing, 14 novus, -a, -um: new, 4 occ�si, -inis f.: chance, opportunity, 6 occid, -ere, -cid, -csus: kill, cut down, 14 omitt, -ere, -ms, -missum: neglect, omit, 6 opprim, -ere, -press: to overpower 5 r (1): pray (for), entreat, beseech, 5 praebe, -�re, -u, -itum: to present, give, 7 prec�s, -um: prayer, entreaty, 3 quasi: as if, 4 sve: or if, whether if, 6 sl, slis m.: sun, 10 st (1): to stand, 8 sub: under, 4 subd�c, -ere, -d�x, -ductum: draw up, 2 suspic, -�re, -�v, -�tum: suspect, mistrust, 7 t�lis, -e: such, 6 tex, -ere, -u, textum: to weave, 1 Thessalia, -ae f.: Thessaly, 4 ting, -ere, tinx, tinctum: wet, soak; dye, 1 umbra, -ae f.: shade, shadow, 1 �r, �rere, uss, ustum: to burn, 1 varius, -a, -um: various, 2 veh, -ere, v�x, vectum: to convey, carry, 5 ven�num, - n.: poison, 7 vestis, -is f.: clothing, 12 vta, -ae, f.: life, 9 vix: with difficulty, with effort, scarcely, 5

1 summ� arte: with…; abl. manner textam, nfectam: PPP tex, nfici 2 t�lis: such; nom. predicate of erat ut…�rer�tur: that…burned; result s quis: if anyone…; quis is indefinite before s, nisi, num, and n� 3 induisset: plpf. subj. ign: abl. of means, i-stem 3rd decl. noun hc fact: abl. abs. 4 nihil mal: nothing (of) evil; partitive 5 mre: by custom; ‘from the custom’ 8 Glauc�: nom. subject; Greek 1st decl. 9 paul post: a little later; abl. of degree of difference

cr�d�l: abl. i-stem modifies cruci�t� 10 Hs…gests: abl. abs. 11 magnum…fore …perculum: that… would be; ~fut�rum esse, ind. disc

governed by arbitr�ta (PPP arbitror) sibi: reflexive, dat. of interest s…man�ret: fut. pf. ind. subordinate verb made subjunctive in ind. disc. 13 ut…praeb�ret: that…; ind. command 14 cui: to which…had been joined 15 mittendam (esse): must not be omitted 17 Accidit…ut…dormret: it happened that…; noun result clause 18 sve…sve: whether by….or by…

125

Alphabetized Core Vocabulary List (Words 15 or More Times)

This is an alphabetized list of the running core vocabulary found at the beginning of this commentary. To use this book properly, readers should review and memorize the running core vocabulary as they read the stories. If they encounter a word in the text that is not found in the facing vocabulary, it is most likely in the running vocabulary and the list below. The number of occurrences of each word i was tabulated with the help by the author. �, ab, abs: (away) from, out of, 72 accipi: to receive, get, accept, 26 ad: to, toward; near, 188 animus, - m.: soul, spirit, breath, courage, pride, 18 annus, - m.: year, 18 Argonautae, -�rum m.: Argonauts, 18 at: but; mind you; but, you say, 27 atque: and, and also, and even, 21 audi, audre, audv, audtum: to hear, listen to, 22 autem: however, moreover, 81 auxilium, - n.: help, aid, assistance, 19

bs, bovis m. f.: cow, ox, bull (bobus-dat. abl.), 18 brevis, -e: short, brief, 15

capi, capere, c�p, captum: to take, capture, seize, 14 caput, capitis, n.: head; life, 20 causa, -ae f.: reason, cause; case, 31 Circ�, -�s f.: Circe, 15 coep, coepisse, coeptum: begin, 16 cognsc, -ere, -nv, -nitum: to learn, perf. know, 22 confer, -ferre: bring together, collect, carry, 18 confici, -ere: to exhaust, finish, accomplish, 16 conici, -ere, -i�c: throw together, throw, take oneself, 13 cnsilium, -i n.: plan, advice; council, assembly, 23 constitu, -ere, -u, -�tus: decide, establish, resolve, 36 corpus, corporis, n.: body, 19 cum: with (+ abl.); when, since, although, 196

d�: down from, from, about, concerning (+ abl.), 29 deus, - m.: god, divinity, deity, 19 dc, -ere, dx, dictus: say, speak, tell, call, name, 17 di�s, -� m./f.: day, time, season, 46 dmitt, -ere, -ms, -missus: send away, let go, 8 d, dare, ded, datum: give, put, make; grant, allow, 42 dolor, -ris m.: pain, grief, anger, passion, 17 dum: while, as long as, until, 35

�, ex: out from, from, out of (+ abl.), 108 �gredior, -, -gressus: go out, disembark, 18

Alphabetized Core Vocabulary 126

enim: for, indeed, in truth, 77 et: and, also, even, 287 etiam: besides, also, even, 17 Eurystheus, - m.: Eurystheus, 23 exspect (1): look out for, wait for, await, 15

faci�, -ere, f�c�, fectum: make, do, 89 flia, -iae f.: daughter, 20 fl�men, -inis n.: river, stream, 15 ger, -ere, gess, gestus: carry (on), wage, 18 gravis, -e: heavy, serious, severe; venerable, 16

habe, -�re, habu, -itus: have, hold; consider, 34 habit (1): to inhabit, live, 18 Hercules, -is m.: Hercules 121 hic, haec, hoc: this, that; he, she, it, 222 hom, -inis m./f.: man, mortal, human, 21

iam: now, already, soon, 29 I�son, -onis m.: Jason, 45 ibi: there, in that place, 21 dem, eadem, idem: the same, 15 igitur: therefore, then, accordingly, 71 ille, illa, illud: that (famous); he, she, it, 84 in: in (+ abl.) , into (+ acc.), 272 ing�ns (ingentis): huge, immense, vast, huge, 21 insula, -ae f.: island, 20 intelleg, -ere, -l�x, -l�ctum: to realize, understand, 24 interfici, -ere, -f�c, -fectum: kill, slay, destroy, 15 ipse, ipsa, ipsum: -self; the very, 50 is, ea, id: this, that; he, she, it, 230 ita: so, thus, 25 iter, itineris n.: way, road, journey, 19 iube, iub�re, iuss, iussum: to order, command, 17

labor, -ris m.: labor, hardship, task, 22 ltus, ltoris n.: shore, beach, 19 locus, - m.: place, region, situation; opportunity, 51

m�gnopere: greatly, very much, 15 magnus, -a, -um: great, large, tall; mighty, important, 79 manus, -�s f.: hand, 16 mare, maris n.: sea, 15 M�d�a, -ae f.: Medea, 27 mitt, -ere, -ms, missum: to send, let go, 18 modus, - m.: way, manner; modo (adv.) only 38 monstrum, - n.: monster, 26 mox: soon, 19 multus, -a, -um: much, many, abundant, 36

Alphabetized Core Vocabulary 127

n�vis, n�vis, f.: ship, boat, 63 n�: lest, that not, no, not, 22 neque: and not (neque…neque = neither…nor), 27 nn: not, by no means, not at all, 40 n�llus, -a, -um: none, no, no one, 24

omnis, omne: every, all, 96

par (1): prepare, make (ready), 21 pars, partis, f.: part, share, 23 pauc, -ae, -a: little, few, scanty, 22 paulus, -a, -um: little, small, 16 per: through, over, across, 23 perculum, - n.: risk, danger, peril, 31 Perseus, - m.: Perseus, 26 perveni, -re, -v�n, -ventum: to come through, arrive 19 Polyph�mus, - m.: Polyphemus, 19 possum, posse, potu: be able, can, avail, 46 post: after, behind (+ acc.); afterward, next, 32 postquam: after, when, 58 prmus -a -um: first, 16 proficscor, -, -fectus: set out, depart, 19 progredior, -gred, progressus sum: advance, 17 puer, puer, m.: boy, 17

quaer, -ere, quaesv, quaestum: to seek, ask, inquire, 21 qu, quae, quod (quis? quid?): who, which, that, 307 qu�dam, quaedam, quiddam: certain, a certain, 50 rede, -re, -v: go back, return, come back, 19 refer, -ferre, -tul, -l�tum: report, bring back, 18 regi, -nis f.: region, district, 18 regnum, - n.: (royal) power, kingdom, realm, 19 reliquus, -a, um: remaining, left (over), 15 r�s, re, f.: thing, matter, affair, business, 83 r�x, r�gis m.: king; adj. ruling, royal, 44

sal�s, -�tis f.: safety, security, health, 15 saxum, sax n.: rock, 15 s�: himself, herself, itself, themselves, 115 sed: but, moreover, however, 31 senti, sentre, s�ns, s�nsum: to feel, perceive, 16 s: if (only), whether, in case that, 20 sine: without (abl.), 19 socius, - m.: ally, companion, comrade, 33 solv, -ere, solv, sol�tum: to loosen, release, 20 species, -�i f.: sight, look, appearance, aspect, 15 spelunca, -ae f.: cave, 30 statim: immediately, on the spot, at once, 28 subit: immediately, straightaway, 19

Alphabetized Core Vocabulary 128

sum, esse, fu, fut�rum: to be, 422 summus, -a, -um: highest, greatest, top of, 29 suus, -a, -um: his, her, its, their (own), 84

tamen: nevertheless, however, 99 tandem: finally, at last, at length, in the end, 28 tantus, -a, -um: so great, so much, so large, 55 tempest�s, -t�tis f.: weather; storm, 17 tempus, -poris n.: time, 31 terra, -ae f.: land, earth, 22 timor, -oris m.: fear, dread, anxiety, 15 tr�d, -dere, -did, -ditum: to give over, hand down, 20 tum: then, at that time, 73

ubi: where, when, 56 Ulix�s, -is m.: Ulysses, 43 �nus, -a, -um: one, 14 urbs, urbis, f.: city, 19 ut: as, just as, when (+ ind.); (so) that, in order that, 112

veni, -re, v�n, ventus: come, go, 72 vide, vid�re, vd, vsum: to see, 50 vinum, vin n.: wine, 16 vir, vir m.: man, male, 23 vs, (vs), f.: force, power, violence; pl. vr�s, strength, 23 vol, velle, volu: will, wish, be willing, 22