Exploring Maps -Poster Side 1

Exploring Maps -Poster Side 1

w ca. 900 B.C.

Babylonian world map on clay tablet. Babylon isat the center.

By permission of the British Library

Ä ca. A.D. 335-366 Peutinger Map. Segment of the earliest known road map of the Romanempire. Copy of a 4th century original made in the 11th or 12th century.

From a facsimile. Courtesy of the Geography and Map Division, Library of Congress.

U.S. Department of the InteriorU.S. Geological Survey

1109 vBeatus Map, Religious beliefs shown alongsidegeographic facts. India can be seen in the upperright; Spain (Espania) bottom left center.

By permission of the British Library.

w ca. 1154

Portion of the World map by Muhammed b.Muhammed al-Idrisi. He was an Arabcartographer at the court of King Roger of Sicily.Arabian peninsula, top center. South is at the top.

From a facsimile. Courtesy of the Geography andMap Division, Library of Congress

1193 vSuchow planisphere. Chinese star chart.Apparent shape of the Milky Way is shown.

Reproduced by kind permission of theNeedham Research Institute, CambridgeUniversity


w 1250

Itinerary map by Matthew Paris (detail). Partof a larger map showing a pilgrimage routefrom London to the Holy Land. CanterburyCathedral is second from top on left.

By permission of the British Library

1452-53 vMappa Mundi by Giovanni Leardo. Many maps ofthis time were circular with the center inJerusalem. The authors of the four gospels of theBible are in the corners. North at left. The Red Seaand equatorial Africa are red.

From the American Geographical SocietyCollection, University of Wisconsin-MilwaukeeLibrary


w 1482

World map from Ptolemy’s Geographia.This edition was the first to showcontemporary discoveries and the first touse wooden printing plates. This type ofmap may have been used by Columbus.

Courtesy of Rare Books and ManuscriptDivision, New York Public Library, Astor,Lenox and Tilden Foundations

1492 vSketch of the northwest coast ofHispaniola (Haiti) by ChristopherColumbus. This is the only known mapdrawn by Columbus.

From a facsimile, Courtesy of theGeography and Map Division, Library ofCongress

w 1502

Cantino Planisphere (detail). First mapshowing Papal Line of Demarcation (runningthrough South America) dividing discoveriesof the New World between Spain andPortugal. Retains features of the portolancharts of the Middle Ages—compass roses,"rhumb" lines, or lines of constant compassheading, and names of ports.

Courtesy of the Biblioteca Estense, Modena,Italy


1524 vMap of Tenochititlán by HernandoCortez. The Aztec temple is in themiddle.

Courtesy of The Edward E. AyerCollection, The Newberry Library

w 1569

Portion of the World map by GeradusMercator (detail). Mercator devised a newway to show the world on a flat surface. Aship’s course could be plotted in a straightline with this projection.

From the private collection of Seymour I.Schwartz, M.D., University of Rochester


1645 vWorld map by Willem Janszoon Blaeu.From an atlas, a comprehensive book ofmaps of the known world.

Courtesy of the Rare Book and SpecialCollections Division, Library of Congress

w 1701

Chart showing variations of the compass in thewestern and southern oceans by EdmundHalley, Compass variations are shown by athematic map innovation.

Courtesy of the Geography and Map Division,Library of Congress


1744 vMap of France based on triangulation surveys byJacques Philippe Maraldi and Cesar FrançoisCassini de Thury. This survey took threegenerations of the Cassini family to complete.

Courtesy of the Geography and Map Division,Library of Congress

w 1775

Track of the H.M.S. Resolutionthrough the Pacific Ocean. Shows voyages of CaptainJames Cook. Polar projection,south at center.

By permission of the BritishLibrary


1814 vA Map of Lewis and Clark’sTrack by Samuel Lewis. Made from notes by WilliamClark.

Courtesy Geography andMap Division, Library ofCongress

Ä 1877

Northern Central Colorado, Geologic map from F.V. Hayden’s U.S. Geological and Geographical Atlas ofColorado ...

Courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey


w 1886

Fire insurance map of Tombstone,Arizona, (detail) by the Sanborn MapCompany. Colorcoded to indicateflammability of buildings.

Courtesy of the Geography and MapDivision, Library of Congress

Ä 1901

Pheil’s Universal Time Indicator. A dial, rotating around the center point, shows time around the world. Polar projection, north at center.

Courtesy of the Geography and Map Division, Library of Congress


1936 vMosaic of aerial photographs of Oswald Dome,Tennessee.

Courtesy of the Tennessee Valley Authority

w 1937

Oswald Dome Quadrangle, Tennessee, by the U.S.Geological Survey and the Tennessee ValleyAuthority. Topographic map madephotogrammetrically from aerial photographs.

Courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey and theTennessee Valley Authority


Ä 1957

Physiographic Diagram, Atlantic Ocean by, Bruce C. Heezen and Marie Tharp. The topography of theAtlantic Ocean bottom showing for the first time the Mid-Ocean Ridge.

By Bruce C. Heezen and Marie Tharp

1969 vMap of Tranquility Base. The astronauts ofApollo 11 landed on the Moon in 1969 with mapsof their landing sites made on Earth from imagesfrom earlier lunar orbiters.

Courtesy of the National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration


w 1980-1987

Mosaic map of Antarctica. Created from 23Landsat images.

Courtesy of the British National Remote SensingCentre

1984 vSea-surface temperature image of the westernNorth Atlantic Ocean. Satellite image; red tonesdenote warmer temperatures.

Courtesy of O. Brown, R. Evans, and M. Carle,University of Miami, Rosentiel School of Marineand Atmospheric Science

w 1988

Copper Basin, Arizona. Modeledsurface of proposed strip minecreated in a geographic informationsystem.

Courtesy of the U.S. GeologicalSurvey and the U.S. Forest Service


1989 vGlobal wind speed and direction. Fromdata acquired in 1978 by the Seasat satellite. Arrows show wind direction, colors showspeed–blue for the lightest winds andyellow for the heaviest.

Courtesy of the National Aeronautics andSpace Administration

w 1989

Computer-generated map showing earthquake-prone areas. High-risk areas appear as whitepeaks.

Courtesy of Melvin L. Prueitt, Los AlamosNational Laboratory. Data from the U.S.Geological Survey


1990 vImage of Saturn from the Hubble spacetelescope orbiting the Earth.

Courtesy of the National Aeronauticsand Space Administration


Documents

Exploring Maps -Poster Side 1