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Exploring in Modules, Module 16
Module 16Drugs and Consciousness
Exploring in Modules, Module 16
Dependence and Addiction
• Misconceptions About Addiction
Exploring in Modules, Module 16
Drug Tolerance
Psychoactive Drugs
• Interact with the CNS
• Alter mood, perception, and behavior
• From caffeine to heroin
• About six (or three) different families of drugs.
• Each has its own effect on the CNS and members of it will have varying degrees.
Exploring in Modules, Module 16
Psychoactive Drugs• Depressants
– Alcohol– Barbiturates– Opiates
• Stimulants– Nicotine– Cocaine
• Hallucinogens– LSD– Marijuana
Depressants
• Most commonly used in society: alcohol.
• Sedating effect on the CNS
• Used for those under stress, especially valium.
• http://www.pbs.org/wnet/closetohome/animation/gaba-anim-main.html
Length of euphoric effect
Exploring in Modules, Module 16
Stimulants
• Caffeine is the most commonly used in this category.
• Amphetamines
• Cocaine and rock cocaine.
Exploring in Modules, Module 16
Cocaine Euphoria and Crash
Opiates
• Analgesics (pain killers)
• Codeine (Tylenol 3 and up, cough syrup in some countries)
Psychedelics (Hallucinogens)
• Creative thinking.
• Overwhelming feelings.
• Hallucinations.
• peyote, psilocybin as in the movie Altered States.
• LSD
Antidepressants
• Monoamine oxidase
• Lithium used to treat bipolar disorder.
• Typically not used extensively other than as treating mental illness or diseases related to the brain, Parkinson’s.
Inhalants
• Low level: sniffing gas.
• Nitrous oxide: hypoxia is a danger (lack of oxygen)
• Nitrites: amyl nitrite (poppers, heart medication) butyl nitrite (Locker Room).
Exploring in Modules, Module 16
Exploring in Modules, Module 16
Class Assignment
• See handout
Exploring in Modules, Module 16
Influences on Drug Use
• Biological Influences
• Psychological and Cultural Influences
Exploring in Modules, Module 16
Trends in Drug Use
Exploring in Modules, Module 16
Perceived Marijuana Risk and Actual Use