Explaining The Foundations of Faith

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    1/86

    JTXF@AKAKE

    RDJ GLZKB@RALKSLG G@ARD

    SD@_D ZSLLSD@_D ZSLLSD@_D ZSLLSD@_D ZSLLFFFF

    @F JJI@@K@F JJI@@K@F JJI@@K@F JJI@@K

    S S S S[ $ ] [ $ ] [ $ ] [ $ ]

    !!!!-` -` -` -` $$$$Oq

    Sd`qjmd

    Izd`ii`b Oak S`fjd @f)Zrd`aijjk

    $r`dai`dzff``d!

    R`ksf`ralk `kb Jijkb`ralk

    , B+ S`fjd @s)S`fjdF`rjsr JbaralkF`rjsr JbaralkF`rjsr JbaralkF`rjsr Jbaralk&&&& 02?5,?88702?5,?88702?5,?88702?5,?887

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    2/86

    ?

    Ak rdj K`ij lg @ff``d& rdjAk rdj K`ij lg @ff``d& rdjAk rdj K`ij lg @ff``d& rdjAk rdj K`ij lg @ff``d& rdj OjkjgacjkrOjkjgacjkrOjkjgacjkrOjkjgacjkr& rdj Ilsr Ijcagzf ]A Ojeak rl Uarj& rdj Ilsr Ijcagzf ]A Ojeak rl Uarj& rdj Ilsr Ijcagzf ]A Ojeak rl Uarj& rdj Ilsr Ijcagzf ]A Ojeak rl UarjY>Y>Y>Y>

    @ff xr`asj as bzj l @ff``d& uj xr`asj Dai& sjjm Das djfx `kb glreawjkjss=

    uj rjxjk l @ff``d `kb sjjm rjgzej ak Dai grli dj jwafs lg lzr luk

    sjfwjs `kb grli lzr uacmjb bjjbs+ Udlsljwjr @ff``d ezabjs& klk c`k

    iasezabj dai& `kb udlisljwjr Dj iasezabjs& klk c`k ezabj dai+ A oj`r

    uakjss d` djrj as kl rzj elb ulrdq lg ojake ulrsdaxxjb jtcjx

    @ff``d `flkj& uadlz ` x`rkjr lr `sslca`j+ A gzrdjr oj`r uakjss d`

    Izd`ii`b as @ff``ds rzj sf`wj `kb Ijssjkejr= i`q @ff``ds S`f``d

    `kb S`f``i0oj zxlk Izd`ii`b& das ellb `kb xzrj g`iafq& `kb zxlk

    das klofj clix`kalks `kb dlsj udl glfflu djar x`d+ Ar xlcjjbs d`

    dj mklufjbej `olz R`udjjb? clksazjs dj ils klofj `kbkjcjssa`jb mklufjbej& ojc`zsj a rjxrjsjks dj mklufjbej `olz

    @ff``d& Das K`ijs `kb @raozjs& `kb Das raeds zxlk Das olkbsijk+

    Rdas mklufjbej as dj mjq glr dj u`q l @ff``d& `kb a as dj glzkb`alk

    glr Das Fjeasf`alk+ Rd` as udq djrj as ` clksjkszs `ilkes `ff dj

    Ijssjkejrs l akwaj xjlxfj l R`udjjb+ @ff``d&3& s`qs>

    0> S`ff`ff``dz `fjada u`s)s`ff`i $Rdj S`f``d `kb S`f``i lg @ff``d oj zxlk Das Xrlxdj

    Izd`ii`b!> Rdj S`f``d lg @ff``d zxlk Xrlxdj Izd`ii`b as jt`fake das ijkalk ojglrj

    dj `kejfs cflsj l $oz ojflu @ff``d!& dj Ils Daed& udl `rlsj `olwj Das @rsd $Rdrlkj!

    udacd as `olwj dj sjwjk smajs+ Rdj `kejfs `fsl xr`asj dj Xrlxdj+ Rdj S`f``i as @ff``ds

    s`gjez`rbake lg dj Xrlxdj grli bjgacajkcajs `kb `kq makb lg jwaf+ Udjk dj Izsfai s`qs

    $S`ff`ff``dz `fjada u`s)s`f``i !& dj akwlmjs @ff``d l er`k Das Xr`asj`kb Sjczraq ldj Xrlxdj Izd`ii`b+ Sjj Aokzf P`qqaisN`f``zf @gd``i Gjj G`bfas)S`f``a)u`)S f``i

    `f`` Izd`ii`bak Md`araf @k``i& x+0?4+ Xzofasdjb oq B``r Aok M`djjr& B`i`sczs& `kb

    I`m`o` B`` @)Rzr``d& @f)I`bjjk`d& 0284Dn,0144+?

    R`udjjb as i`ak`akake dj ojfajg d` @ff``d as dj lkfq rzj Elb ulrdq lg ulrsdax `kbd` Dj as dj rzj `kb lkfq _`oo lg jwjrqdake `kb d` Dj as zkapzj ak Das Bawakj K`ijs&

    @raozjs kb @calks+ ]RKY+3R```f``> Szxrjijfq Jt`fjb as Dj+ Dj as Jt`fjb ak Das Bd`` $Jssjkcj! `kb ak Das

    @raozjs+ ]RKY+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    3/86

    3

    y }!$+

    @kb Uj bab klr sjkb `kq Ijssjkej ojglj qlz $L Izd`ii`b !ozr Uj aksxajb dai $s`qake!>F`` af``d` aff` @k` ]klkj d`s dj raedl oj ulrsdaxxjb oz A $@ff``d!Y& sl ulsdax Ij $`flkj `kb klkj jfsj!+$Pzr``k ?0>?:!+

    @ff``d oj`rs uakjss lk Das u`db`kaqq`d> ojake dj lkfq rzj Elb Udl

    bjsjrwjs l oj ulrsdaxxjb `flkj `kb Udl d`s kl cljpz`f ak Daisjfg `s

    ujff `s ak Das K`ijs `kb @raozjs+ Rdj `kejfs `kb xjlxfj lg

    mklufjbej `fsl jsagq glr Das u`db`kaqq`d>

    y }! $+

    @ff``d oj`s uarkjss rd`rF`` af``d` aff` Dzu` $klkj d`s dj raed loj ulrsdaxxjb oz Dj!& `kb rdj `kejfs& `kb rdlsj d`wake mklufjbej$`fsl eawj das uakjss!= $Dj as `fu`qs! i`akr`akake Das cj`ralk akNzsracj+ F`` af``d` aff` Dzu`& rdj @ff)Iaedrq& rdj @ff)Uasj+ $Pzr``k3>04!+

    Eawjk das `cmklufjbeijk lg dj r`km lg R`udjjb& a as djrjglrj

    akcziojk zxlk jwjrq Izsfai l eawj xrlxjr clksabjr`alk l das i`jr

    drlzed fj`rkake& zkbjrs`kbake& jbzc`alk& `kb clkwacalk& ak lrbjr glr

    dai l js`ofasd das Bjjk2 lk ` slzkb glzkb`alk& clkgabjkcj `kb

    szoiassalk d` ulzfb eawj dai dj ellb glrzkj lg sd`rake as grzas `kb

    rjszfs+

    2Bjjk> As ilrj clixrjdjksawj ak as ij`kake d`k dj Ujsjrk clkcjx lg /rjfaealk/+ Jwjrq

    `sxjc lg fagj szoscraojs l dj rjwjf`alk grli @ff``d+ Rdjrjglrj&Bjjk clwjrs fagj ak `ff lg as

    w`ralzs s`ejs kb clixfjtaajs+ ]RKY

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    4/86

    2

    Rdj Bjjk lg Asf``i

    Asf``i as dj Bjjk udacd @ff``d d`s sjk Izd`ii`b $! uad= @ff``di`bj a dj f`s lg rjfaealks `kb i`bj a ` xjrgjcalk `kb ` clixfjalk lg

    Das G`wlzrs zxlk crj`alk& `kb cdlsj a l oj dj crj`alks Bjjk= Kl

    ldjr rjfaealk as `ccjxjb grli `kqlkj jtcjx djBjjk lg Asf``i+ @ff``d&

    &s`qs>

    y }!+$

    Izd`ii`b $! as klr rdj g`rdj lg `kq i`k `ilke qlz& ozr dj as rdjIjssjkej lg @ff``d& `kb rdj F`sr $jkb! lg rdj Xlxdjrs+ $Pzr``k33>28!+

    Dj `fsl s`qs>

    y }!$+Rdas b`q&: A d`wj xjgjcrjb qlz jfaealk gl qlz& `kb clixfjjb iq

    G`wlz zxlk qlz& `kb d`wj cdlsjk gl qlz@f)Asf``i `s qlzBjjk+$Pzr``k :>3!+y }! $+

    Rzfq& rdj Bjjk ojglj @ff``d as@f)Asf``i+7 $Pzr``k 3> 01!+

    y }+! +$

    :Rdas `q`d $wjrsj! u`s sjk bluk bzrake D`bn`zf U`b`` $G`rjujff Xaferai`ej! lg dj

    Xrlxdj& lk dj B`q lg@r`g`d udacd u`s ` Grab`q+ ]RKY7Udacd ij`ks d` Asf``i as dj lkfq Bjjk d` @ff``d uaff `ccjx grli Das sf`wjs+ Sjj

    R`gsjjr Aok M`djjr glr dj ij`kake lg dj `olwj ``q`d+]RKY+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    5/86

    :

    @kb udljwj sjjms ` jfaealk lrdj rd`k Asf``i& ar uaff kjwj oj`ccjxrjb lg dai& `kb ak rdj Djj`grj dj uaff oj lkj lg rdj flsjs+

    $Pzr``k 3>4:!+

    @ff``d lrb`akjb d` i`kmakb izs szoia l Dai ak Asf``i+ Dj s`ab

    `bbrjssake Das Ijssjkejr $Izd`ii`b !>

    y + }!$+

    S`q $L Izd`ii`b ! L i`kmakb Wjafq& A `i sjkr rl qlz `ff `s rdjIjssjkej lg @ff``d)rl udli ojflkes rdj bliakalk lg rdj dj`wjks`kb rdj j`rd+ F`` af``d` aff` Dzu` $klkj d`s dj raed l ojulrsdaxxjb oz Dj!= Ar as Dj Udl eawjs fagj `kb c`zsjs bj`rd+ Slojfajwj ak @ff``d `kb Das Ijssjkej $Izd`ii`b !& rdj Xlxdjrudl c`k kjardj j`b kl uarj& udl ojfajwjs ak @ff``d `kb DasUlb5& `kb glfflu dai sl rd`r qlz i`q oj ezabjb+ $Pzr``k 5>0:4!+

    A as rjxlrjb ak S`djjd Izsfai4lk dj `zdlraq lg @oz Dzr`ar`d $!&

    d` @ff``ds Ijssjkejr $! s`ab>

    / +/

    5@ff``ds Ulrbs akcfzbj `ff dj Ijss`ejs sjk l dj Xrlxdjs> Rdj Pzr``k& dj Rlr`d `kb

    dj Elsxjf $ak djar lraeak`f jts!& @~)^`ollr& dj Xs`fis+ @fsl a akcfzbjs @ff``ds Ulrb> Mzkk $Oj!)`kb dj u`s a+j+ Njszs& slk lg I`rq& xj`cj oj zxlk dai+ Sjj I+I+ Md`k `kb I+R+

    @f)Daf``ffjjs Akjrxrj`alk lg dj Ij`kake lg dj Klofj Pzr``k& sllr`d 5& ``q`d 0:4+]RKY4As ` clffjcalk lg `zdjkac d`bjjd k`rr`alks clixafjb oq Ai``i Izsfai> @ozf D`s`ak

    Izsfai oak `f)D`nn``n oak Izsfai `f Pzsd`ara `k)K`as`ozra $?8? $7!)?70Dn ,405= $4?0!)45:!

    CJ!+ ]RKY

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    6/86

    7

    Oq Dai $@ff``d! ak Udlsj D`kb Izd`ii`bs slzf as& rdjj as klkj gli`ilkesr rdj Njus `kb rdj Cdasra`ks $lg rdjsj xjsjkr k`ralks! udl dj`s `olzrij `kb rdjk bajs uardlzr ojfajwake ak rdj Ijss`ej uard udacd A d`wj ojjk sjkr$a+j+ R`udjjb!& ozr dj uaff oj gli rdj bujffjs lg rdj $Djff! Gaj+1

    Rdj ojfajg ak rdj Xlxdjr Izd`ii`b $! as dj `js`alk uad gzff`ccjx`kcj `kb szoiassalk& kl nzs ijrj `js`alk& d` ud` dj

    orlzed glrd as dj rzd+ Rd` as udq @oz R``fao $dj zkcfj lg dj

    Xrlxdj $! bab kl ojclij ` ojfajwjr ak dj Ijssjkejr $!& bjsxaj das

    `js`alk l ud` dj Xrlxdj $! orlzed glrd `kb das uakjss d` a as

    dj ojs lg rjfaealks+

    RdjBjjk lg Asf``i jior`cjs `ff lg dj dzi`k ujfg`rj d` as clixrasjbak dj xrjwalzs rjfaealks= a as basakezasdjb `olwj `ff rjfaealks ak as

    sza`oafaq glr `ff aijs& xf`cjs& `kb k`alks+ @ff``d `bbrjssjs Das

    Ijssjkejr S`qake>

    y }!$+

    @kb Uj d`wj sjkr bluk rl qlz $L Izd`ii`b ! rdj Ollm $dasPzr``k! ak rzrd& clkgaiake rdj Scaxrzj rd`r c`ij ojglj ar `kb

    Izd`qiak`k $rzsulrdq ak daedkjss `kb ` uakjss! lwj ar $lfbScraxzrj!+ $Pzr``k :> 24!+

    Rdj sza`oafaq lg dj Bjjk ij`ks d` `bdjrake l Asf``i bljs kl

    clkr`bac dj ujfg`rj lg dj Zii`d $Izsfai cliizkaq ` f`rej! ak `kq

    xf`cj lr ak `kq aij+ Akbjjb a as as ojjrijk `kb drawake+ Rdas bljs

    kl ij`k& dlujwjr& d` dj Bjjk as szonze`j l jwjrq aij& xf`cj& `kb

    Zii`d `s slij xjlxfj famj a l oj+

    1S`djjd Izsfai& wlf+ 0& d`bjjd #?42+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    7/86

    5

    RdjBjjk lg Asf``i as djBjjk lg dj Rrzd& udljwjr rzfq `bdjrjs l a=@ff``d ez`r`kjjs dai waclrq `kb i`mjs dai xrjw`af lk jwjrqlkj jfsj

    udl bljsk+ @ff``ds`qs>

    y }!$+Dj ar as Udl sjkr Das Ijssjkej $Izi`ii`b! uard ezab`kcj `kbrdjBjjk lg rdj rzrd rl i`mj ar xjw`af lwj `ff $ldjr! jfaealks jwjkrdlzed rdj Izsdamjjk d`rj $a!+ $Pzr``k 70>1!+

    y }!$+

    @ff``d d`s xliasjb& rl rdlsj `ilke qlz udl ojfajwj& `kb blaedrjlzs ellb bjjbs& rd`r Dj uaff cjr`akfq e`kr rdji szccjssalk rl$dj xrjsjk rzfjrs! ak rdj f`kb& `s Dj e`krjb ar rl rdlsj ojglj rdji=`kb rd`r Dj uaff e`kr rdji rdj `zrdlarq rl x`cracj rdja jfaealk&rd`r udacd Dj d`s cdlsjk gl rdji $a+j+ Asf``i!+ @kb Dj uaff szjfq

    eawj rdji ak jtcd`kej ` s`gj sjczarq `grj rdja gj` $xrlwabjb! rdjq$ojfajwjrs! ulsdax Ij `kb bl klr `sslca`rj `kqrdake $ak ulrsdax!uard Ij+ Ozr udljwj basojfajwjb `grj rdas& rdjq `j rdj G`sapllk$rjojffalzs& baslojbajk l @ff``d!+ $Pzr``k ?2>::!+

    Rdj Bjjk lg Asf``i as @pjjb`d $Crjjb! `kb Sd`rjj`d $Fjeasf`alk!&`kb a as xjrgjc ak old+ Asf``i clii`kbs>

    0)Rdj R`udjjb`kb glroabs Sdarm$sjake `sslca`js uad @ff``d!+

    ?)Rrzdgzfkjss& `kb glroabs fqake+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    8/86

    4

    3)Nzsacj08& `kb glroabs lxxrjssalk+

    2)Rrzsulrdakjss& kb glroabs rj`cdjrq+

    :)G`adgzfkjss& `kb glroabs ojr`q`f+7)Rl oj ellb `kb bzagzf l lkjs x`rjks& `kb glroabs ojake basrjsxjcgzf

    l dji+

    5)Rl mjjx rjf`alks uad maksdax& `kb glroabs sjwjrake dj ajs uad dji+

    4)Rl d`wj ellb rjf`alks uad lkjs kjaedolrdllb& `kb glroabs `ff glris

    lg aff rj`ijk l dj kjaedolrs+

    Ejkjr`ffq sxj`make& Asf``i clii`kbs `ff klofj ilr`fs& `kb glroabs `ff

    aff `kb bjsxac`ofj i`kkjrs= a `fsl clii`kbs raedjlzskjss `kb glroabs

    urlke+ @ff``ds`qs>

    y }!$+

    Wjafq& @ff``d jknlaks @f)@bf $a+j+ nzsacj `kb ulrsdaxxake klkj oz@ff``d! `kb @f)Ads``k00& `kb eawake djfx rl mard `kb mak0?& `kbgloabs@f)G`dsd``03&@f)Izkm`02&`kb@f)O`edq+0: $Pzr``k 07>18!+

    08Nzsacj as js`ofasdake jpz`faq ojujjk saiaf`r dakes `kb baggjrjka`ake ojujjk baggjrjk

    dakes+ Nzsacj as kl `oslfzj jpz`faq `s ejkjr`fa~jb oq slij xjlxfj udjk djq s`q> Rdj

    Bjjk lg Asf``i as dj Bjjk lg jpz`faq+ Js`ofasdake jpz`faq ojujjk baggjrjk dakes as

    aknzsacj d` as kl orlzed glrd oq Asf``i& `kb dj xjrslk udl bljs d` as kl l oj

    xr`asjb+)@ gllklj oq lzr Sd`qjmd Izd`ii`b oak S`fjd `f)Zdjaijjk $i`q @ff``dsIjrcq oj zxlk dai!+00@f)Ads``k> Ak das ``q`d a ij`ks l oj x`ajk ak xjrglriake lkjs bzajs l @ff``d& l`ffq

    glr Das s`mj `kb ak `cclrb`kcj uad dj Szkk`d lg dj Xrlxdj ak xjrgjc i`kkjr+ ]RKY+0?Bjerjj lg maksdax> Gars lg `ff& qlzr x`rjks& djk qlzr lggsxrake& djk qlzr orldjrs `kb

    sasjrs& djk qlzr x`jrk`f zkcfjs `kb `zks $grli dj g`djrs sabj!& djk qlzr i`jrk`f zkcfjs

    `kb `zks $grli dj ildjrs sabj!& `kb djk ldjr rjf`awjs+ ]RKY+03

    @f)G`dsd``> @ff jwaf bjjbs& j+e+ affje`f sjtz`f akjrclzrsj& baslojbajkcj l x`rjks& l jfffajs& l sj`f& jc+ ]RKY+02@f)Izkm`r> @ff d` as xrldaoajb oq Asf`iac F`u> xlfqdjasi& basojfajg& `kb jwjrq makb lg

    jwaf bjjbs& jc+ ]RKY+0:@f)O`edjq> @ff makbs lg lxxrjssalk+ ]RKY+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    9/86

    1

    @rm``k zf Asf``i $Rdj Xaff`s lg Asf``i!

    @m`k zf Asf``i`rj as o`sac glzkb`alks zxlk udacd a as js`ofasdjb=djq `rj gawj& ijkalkjb ak dj k`rr`alk oq Aok Zi`r $07! ak udacd dj

    Xrlxdj $! s`ab>

    > ! >$ + > >

    + +

    Asf``i as `asjb lk gawj $xaff`s!> Rl jsr`ofasd Das R`udjjb ]`kb ak lrdjk``ralk Rdj Sd`d``b`d $rjsrailkq! rd`r F`` af``d` aff`f)f``d $klkj d`s rdjaedr rl oj ulsdaxxjb ozr @ff``d! `kb rd`r Izd`ii`b as @ff``ds sf`wj `kbIjssjkejY& jsr`ofasdijkr lg x`qjs& x`qijkr lg ^`m``r& rdj g`sr lg _`i`b``k&`kb Xafeai`ej $rl I`mm`d!+ @ xjslk s`ab $rl rdj k``rl! $udacd lg rdj rulxjcjbjs rdj lrdj!)Xafeai`ej l rdj g`srs lg _`i`b``k< Zxlk rdas dj $rdjk``rl! jxfajb> Kl $ar as klr rdj Xafeai`ej gasr! ozr rdj g`srs lg _`i`b``kxjcjbj rdj Xafeai`ej& rdas as dlu A d`wj dj`b ar gli @ff``ds Ijssjkej+05

    GA_SR> RdjSd`d``b`d lg>

    F`` af``d` aff`f)f``d& Izd`ii`b _`slzfzfff``d

    Ar as dj bjcasawj ojfajg jtxrjssjb lk dj lkezj `s dlzed lkj sjjs uaddas luk jqjs dj cjr`akq lg das gari clkwacalk+ Rdj g`c d` dj

    Sd`d`b`d d`s ojjk i`bj `s ` sakefj xaff`r bjsxaj dj izfaxfacaq ak

    ud` as ojake `jsjb as ojc`zsj lg jadjr lg dj glffluake $rj`slks!>

    07_`baq`ff``dz `kdz $`kd`& `kdzi`& lr `kdzi!& i`q @ff``d oj xfj`sjb uad dai $djr&

    old lr dji!& rjsxjcawjfq+ ]RKY+05

    @erjjb zxlk d`bjjd> Rdj jt as d` grli S`djjd Izsfai+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    10/86

    08

    0)Rdj Ijssjkejr $! as ` oj`rjr $lg kjus! `olz @ff``d& dj Jt`fjb&

    `jsake& djrjglrj& d` dj $! as ` rzj sf`wj lg @ff``d `kb ` oj`rjr lg

    dj Ijss`ej $lg Asf``i! as `k akjer`f x`r lg dj ij`kake lgSd`d``b`d$F`` af``d` aff`f)f``d!& lr

    ?)Rd` dj ul jsailkajs F`` af``d` aff`f)f``d& `kb Izd`ii`b

    _`slzfzff``d& `rj dj $rjpzarjb! o`sjs glr dj raedkjss lg bjjbs `kb lg

    djar `ccjx`kcj& sakcj old& dj w`fabaq `kb `ccjx`kcj lg bjjbs& c`kkl

    oj `cdajwjb uadlz Amdf`ss l @ff``d $sakcjrj bjwlalk lg akjkalks l

    @ff``d `flkj! `kb Iz`o`%`d $glffluake! lg_`slzfzff``d $!+ A as

    drlzed `f)Amdf`ss d` dj Sd`d``b`d lg F`` af``d` aff`f)f``d as

    rj`fa~jb& udafj drlzed `f)Iz`o``d lg_`sslzfzff``d& dj Sd`d``b`dd` Izd`ii`b as @ff``ds sf`wj `kb Ijssjkejrs as i`kagjsjb+

    Slij lg dj ojkjgars `rr`akjb oq rdj bjcf``ralk lg rdj ej`rSd`d``b`d akcfzbj dj faojr`alk lg dj dj`r `kb slzf grli sf`wjrq ldj crj`jb& `kb grli glffluake x`ds ldjr d`k dj Ijssjkejrs x`d+

    SJCLKB> _je`bake rdj Jsr`ofasdake lg X`qjs> a as ulrsdaxxake@ff``d oq xjrglriake a ak dj raed `kb xjrgjc i`kkjr04 `kb lk as

    xrjscraojb aijs+ Slij lg as ojkjgars akcfzbj dj lxjkkjss lg dj cdjs&clkjkijk `kb nlq& `kb rjsr`akjijk grli cliiaake saks `kb urlke)

    blakes+

    RDA_B> Rdj Eawake lg ^`m``r> as bjwlake ulrsdax l @ff``d oqlggjrake dj lofae`lrq xrjscraojb `ilzk lg cd`raq bjbzcjb grli dj

    uj`fd zxlk udacd ^`m`` as bzj+ Slij lg as Ojkjgars `rj> xzragqake dj

    04@s bj`afjb oq dj Xrlxdj Izd`ii`b $! ak das `zdjkac Szkk`d+ Sjj glr jt`ixfj `kjtcjffjk clffjcalk lg dj k`rr`alks bjscraoake dj Xrlxdjs xr`qjr ak Sd`qjmd K`ssar)zb)

    Bjjk `f)@fo``kjjs ollm> Rdj Xrlxdjs Xr`qjrs r`ksf`jb akl Jkefasd oq Or+ Szd`ao

    D`ss`k& Jkef`kb+ ]RKY+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    11/86

    00

    sjfg grli aiilr`f cd`r`cjrasacs famj iasjrq& `kb gzfgaffake dj kjjbs lg

    Asf``i `kb Izsfais+

    GLZ_RD> G`srake>a as bjwlake ulrsdax l @ff``d oq rjgr`akake grlijwjrqdake mkluk l kzffagq dj g`s bzrake dj b`qs lg dj ilkd lg

    _`i`b``k+ G`sake cl`cdjs dj sjfg l jkbzrj dj rjfakpzasdijk lg ud`

    a famjs sjjmake l e`ak dj xfj`szrj lg @ff``d+

    GAGRD> Rdj D`nn rl Rdj Dlzsj lg @ff``d> as ulrsdaxxake @ff``d oqelake l dj S`crjb Dlzsj $@f)M`o`d! l jtjczj dj rajs lg D`nn+

    Slij lg ars ojkjgars akcfzbj> dj r`akake lg dj sjfg l jtxjkb xdqsac`f`kb gak`kca`f s`cragacjs ak lojbajkcj l @ff``d + Rdas as dj rj`slk udqD`nn as clksabjrjb `s lkj makb lg Nad`b ak dj c`zsj lg @ff``d +

    Rdj Ojkjgas d` uj d`wj ijkalkjb `olwj rje`rbake dj o`sacs lg

    Asf``i& `kb ldjrs udacd uj d`wj kl ijkalkjb& i`mjs lg das Zii`d `

    warzlzs `kb xzragajb Asf`iac K`alk`bdjrake l @ff``d drlzed djBjjklg Rrzd& `kb rj`s dj crj`jb uad nzsacj `kb rzdgzfkjss+ Rdas

    $clkcfzsalk! dlfbs rzj ojc`zsj dj raed `bdjrjkcj l dj rjs lg dj

    Asf`iac F`us bjxjkbs zxlk dj xrlxjr xr`cac`oafaq lg dj `olwj o`sacs+

    Rdj s`zs lg dj Zii`d uaff drawj `kb xrlsxjr `s flke `s a xrlxjrfq

    `bdjrjs l dj i`jrs lg as Bjjk+ Rdj bjerjj lg as xrlsxjraq d` i`q

    jsc`xj oq as xrlxlralk`f l dj bjerjj lg `o`kblkijk lg ellb

    `bdjrjkcj l i`jrs lg asBjjk+ Udljwjr sjjms `k jwabjkcj glr das fj

    dai rj`b dj S`qake lg @ff``d>

    y

    }!$+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    12/86

    0?

    @kb ag rdj xjlxfj lg rdj rluks d`b ojfajwjb `kb d`b rdj R`pu` $xajq&gj`r lg @ff``d!& cjr`akfq& Uj sdlzfb d`wj lxjkjb gl rdji rdj

    ofjssakes gli rdj dj`wjk `kb rdj j`rd& ozr rdjq ojfajb $ djIjssjkejrs!+ Sl Uj rllm rdji $uad xzkasdijk! gl ud`r rdjq zsjbrl j`k $xlfqdjasi `kb craij& jc+!+ Bab rdj xjlxfjlg rdj rluks rdjkgjjf sjczj `e`aksr rdj cliake lg Lz Xzkasdijkr oq kaedr udafj rdjq`j `sfjjx< L& bab rdj xjlxfj lg rdj rluks rdjk gjjf sjczj `e`aksrrdj cliake lg Lz Xzkasdijkr ak rdj gljkllk udafj rdjq xf`q< Babrdjq rdjk gjjf sjczj `e`aksr rdj Xf`k lg @ff``d+ Klkj gjjfs sjczjgli rdj Xf`k lg @ff``d jtcjxr rdj xjlxfj udl `j flsr+$Pzr``k 5>17)11!+

    Fj dai `fsl jt`iakj dj daslrq lg dlsj udl xrjcjbjb ojc`zsj daslrq

    as ` fjsslk glr xjlxfj lg dlzed& `kb `k aksaed glr `kqlkj grjj grli kq

    losrzcake o`rrajr l das dj`r+ @kb a as @ff``d `flkj udlsj Djfx c`k oj

    slzed+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    13/86

    03

    Rdj Glzkb`ralks lg Rdj Asf`iac Cjjb

    Rdj Bjjk lg Asf``i& `s a as basczssjb `olwj& as ` Bjjk d` clixrasjs

    @pjjb`d $i`jrs lg G`ad! `kb Sd`rjj`d $F`us& Fjeasf`alk& `kb

    Nzbaca`f `sxjcs!+ Uj akbac`jb slij lg as F`us `kb ijkalkjb as

    @rm``k udacd `rj clksabjrjb dj o`sas lg as Fjeasf`alk+ @s l dj

    @pjjb`d @f)Asf``iaqq`d $Rdj Asf`iac Crjjb!& as o`sas `rj>

    Rdj Ojfajg ak @ff``d& Das @kejfs& Das Ollms& Das Ijssjkejrs& dj F`s

    B`q& kb `f)P`b`r01& as ellb `kb o`b+

    Rdjsj o`sjs `rj wjragajb oq jwabjkcjs grli dj Ollm lg @ff``d $a+j+ Rdj

    Pzr``k! `kb grli dj Szkk`d lg @ff``ds Ijssjkejr+ Ak Das Ollm&

    @ff``d s`qs>

    y }!$+

    Ar as klr `f)Oa $xajq& raedjlzskjss& `kb j`cd `kb jwjrq `c lglojbajkcj l @ff``d& jc+! rd`r qlz rzk qlz g`cjs rlu`bs j`sr `kb$lr! ujsr $ak xr`qjrs!= ozr `f)Oa as $dj pz`faq lg! rdj lkj udlojfajwjs ak @ff``d& rdj F`sr B`q& rdj @kejfs& rdj Ollm& rdj Xlxdjrs+$Pzr``k ?>055!+

    Dj $! s`qs `olz `f)P`b`r>

    y }!$+

    01@f)P`b`ras dj @oafaq lg @ff``d& udjrj Dj Mkju& Urlj& Uaffjb `kb Crj`jb `ff dakes ak

    xrjbjsakjb xrlxlralks `kb xrjcasj ij`szrjs+ Sjj Rdj S`f`g%s Zkbjrs`kbake lg `f)P`b``%

    u`f P`b`r+ oq das r`ksf`lr& i`q @ff``d glreawj dai+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    14/86

    02

    Wjafq& Uj d`wj cj`rjb `ff rdakes uard P`b`& `kb LzClii`kbijkr as ozr lkj& `s rdj ruakmfake lg `k jqj+ $Pzr``k :2>21)

    :8!+

    Ak dj Szkk`d lg @ff``ds Ijssjkejr& dj Xrlxdj $! s`ab ak das rjxfq l

    Naorjjf $E`orajf! udjk dj f`jr `smjb dai `olz Jji``k $G`ad!>

    / / +

    Jji``k as l ojfajwj ak @ff``d& Das `kejfs& Das Ollms& Das Ijssjkejrs&

    `kb dj F`s B`q& `kb l ojfajwj ak `f)P`b`r& as ellb `kb as o`b+?8

    ?8Clffjcjb oq Ai``i Izsfai+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    15/86

    0:

    Ojfajg Ak @ff``d

    Rdj Ojfajg ak @ff``d Clixasjs Glz I`rrjs>

    Gars> Rdj Ojfajg ak Rdj Jtasjkcj lg @ff``d>

    Rdj jwabjkcj glr dj jtasjkcj lg @ff``d as js`ofasdjb oq>

    0)Gar`d+

    ?)_j`slkake+3)@sd)Sd` +?02)@f)Dass+??

    0)Xjr`akake Rl Rdj Xllg lg Rdj Gar`d>

    Jwjrq crj`zrj d`s ojjk crj`jb ak ` s`j lg ojfajg ak das Crj`lr uadlz

    xrjcjbake dlzed lr jbzc`alk+ Kl lkj bassz`bjs grli ud` as

    kjcjssa`jb oq das Gar`d $a+j+ dj ojfajg ak @ff``d!& jtcjx dj lkjudlsj dj`r d`s ojjk szonjcjb l ud` `wjrs a grli as $k`zr`f clzrsj

    lg!Gar`d& `s dj Xrlxdj jtxf`akjb udjk dj s`ab>

    / / +

    J`cd cdafb as olk ak ` sr`rj lg Gar`d& ozr das x`jkrs i`mj dai ` Nju l `Cdasra`k+?3

    ?0_jwj`fjb jts lg dj Pzr``k `kb Szkk`d+??

    Fa> xjrcjxalk& sjks`alk& sjkslrq+ Xjr`akake l dj jwabjkcjs `olz @ff``ds jtasjkcj& `f)

    Dass ij`ks& d` udacd as xjrcjxaofj drlzed dj sjksjs+ ]RKY+?3

    _jf`jb oq Ai``i `f)Ozmd``rjj ak das S`djjd& wlf+4& xx+341)18& d`bjjd # :15+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    16/86

    07

    ?)Rdj Jwabjkcj lg _j`slkake>

    @ff lg dj crj`zrjs& dj gars `kb dj szosjpzjk lkjs& izs d`wj `Crj`lr Udl orlzed dji l jtasjkcj ojc`zsj djq kjadjr c`k orake

    djisjfwjs akl jtasjkcj& klr djq clzfb d`wj clij l jtas oq

    clakcabjkcj Rdj crj`zrjs clzfb kl d`wj orlzed djisjfwjs l

    jtasjkcj ojc`zsj ` dake bljs kl crj`j asjfg)sakcj xralr l as jtasjkcj

    a u`s kldake+ Sl dlu clzfb a oj ` Crj`lr< @kb a c`kkl `ccabjk`ffq

    orake asjfg akl ojake& ojc`zsj jwjrq lcczrrjkcj $klwjfq& jc+! izs kjjb

    `k lraeak`lr+ @fsl ojc`zsj as jtasjkcj ak szcd daedfq i`ekagacjk lrbjr

    `kb dlilejklzs cllrbak`alk& `kb bzj l dj cldjrjk rjf`alksdax

    ojujjk dj ij`ks `kb djar c`zsjs& `kb dj crj`zrjs uad lkj `kldjr&

    a as r`djr `oslfzjfq aixlssaofj d` as wjrq ojake as clakcabjk`f+ $Ak

    g`c!& ud` as $ojfajwjb! l jtas `s ` rjszf lg clakcabjkcj bljs kl

    glfflu `k lrbjrjb x`jrk ` dj ojeakkake lg as jtasjkcj+ Sl dlu clzfb

    a rji`ak l oj lrbjrjb bzrake as clzrsj lg szrwaw`f `kb bjwjflxijk

    y }!$+

    Ujj rdjq cj`rjb oq klrdake& l ujj rdjq rdjisjfwjs rdj cj`rls3:Y& udacd ij`ks d` djq ujrj kjadjr crj`jb uadlz `

    Crj`lr& klr djq ujrj dj crj`lrs lg djisjfwjs+ A ojclijs cfj`r&

    djrjglrj& d` djar Crj`lr as @ff``d + Rd` as udq udjk Nzo`ar oakIzai dj`rb @ff``ds Ijssjkejr rjcaakesllr` `)Rzr& `kb udjk

    dj rj`cdjb dj ``q``>

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    17/86

    05

    y }! >$+

    Ujj rdjq cj`rjb oq klrdake& l ujj rdjq rdjisjfwjs rdj cj`rls

    @f)Sd`r` as jwabjkcj glr dj jtasjkcj lg @ff``d ojc`zsj `ff lg djrjwj`fjb Scraxzrjs s`j sl+ Rdj F`us d` `bbrjss dj ujfg`rj lg

    crj`alk `kb udacd `rj xrlwabjb oq djsj Scraxzrjs& clksazj jwabjkcj

    d` djq c`ij grli `k @ff)Uasj_`oo Udl mklus `olz dj ujfg`rj `kb

    akjrjss lg Das Crj`alk+ Rdj akglri`alk `olz dj zkawjrsj orlzed

    glrd oq dj Scraxzrjs `kb udlsj i`kagjs`alk jsagajs glr djar

    rzdgzfkjss& as ` xrllg d` djq c`ij grli dj $Lkj!_`oo Udl as @ofj

    l orake akl ojake ud`jwjr Dj `frj`bq akglrijb `olz+

    2)@f)Dass> Rdj Xdqsac`f Jwabjkcj Gl Rdj Jtasrjkcj lg @ff``dClixasjs Rul @sxjcrs>

    Lkj lg rdji as d` uj dj`r `kb uakjss $@ff``ds! rjsxlksj l dj c`fflg dlsj udl szxxfac`j `kb dlsj udl `rj basrjssjb `kb erajwjb+ Rdas

    clksazjs `k zkjpzawlc`f jwabjkcj glr dj jtasjkcj lg @ff``d + Djs`qs>

    y }!$+

    @kb $rjijiojr! Kl`d& udjk dj cajb $rl Zs! `gljraij+ Uj fasrjkjbrl das akwlc`ralk+ $Pzr``k ?0>57!+

    Dj&& `fsl s`qs>

    y }!$+

    $_jijiojr! udjk qlz slzedr djfx lg qlz _`oo `kb Dj `ksujjbqlz+ $Pzr``k 4>1!+

    ?5@f)Sd`r`> Asf`iac Rjts kb Fjeasf`alks ak dj Pzr``k `kb Szkk`d+]RKY+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    19/86

    01

    Ak S`djjd `f)Ozmd``rjj& a as rjxlrjb d` @k`s oak I``fam $! s`ab

    d`>

    > >

    + / >

    / > +/+++

    Lkcj ak rdj fagjraij lg rdj Xlxdjr $! rdj xjlxfj ujj `ggfacrjb uard blzedr+Udafj rdj Xlxdjr $! u`s bjfawjake rdj Mdzro`d $jfaealzs r`fm! lk ` Gab`q& `Ojblzak srllb zx `kb s`ab> L @ff``ds Ijssjkej Lz xlssjssalks `j ojakebjsrlqjb `kb rdj cdafbjk `j dzkeq= xfj`sj akwlmj @ff``d $gl `ak!+ Sl rdjXlxdjr $! `asjb das d`kbs $akwlmjb @ff``d gl `ak!+ @r rd`r raij rdjj u`s klr` r`cj lg cflzb ak rdj smq+ Oq Dai& ak Udlsj D`kbs iq slzf as& cflzbs e`rdjjbfamj ilzkr`aks& `kb ojglj dj elr bluk gli rdj xzfxar& A s`u rdj `ak g`ffake lkdas $! oj`b+ Ar `akjb rd`r b`q& rdj kjtr b`q& rdj rdab b`q& rdj glzrd b`q raffrdj kjtr Gab`q+ Rdj s`ij Ojblzak l `klrdj i`k srllb zx `kb s`ab> L@ff``ds Ijssjkej Rdj dlzsjs d`wj clff`xsjb& lz xlssjssalks `kb fawjsrlcmd`wj ojjk blukjb= xfj`sj akwlmj @ff``d gl zs $rl srlx rdj `ak!+ Sl rdjXlxdjr $! `asjb olrd das d`kbs `kb s`ab> L @ff``d _lzkb `olzr zs `kb klrlk zs+ Sl& ak ud`rjwj bajcralk dj xlakrjb uard das d`kbs& rdj cflzbs basxjsjb

    `kb cfj`jb `u`q+++?4

    _jsxlkbake l dj akwlc`alks lg dj szxxfac`ks udl sakcjrjfq rjslr l

    @ff``d $`flkj! `kb gzfgaff dj rjpzarjb clkbaalks glrAn``o`d?1 as ` i`jr

    d` as saff ojake uakjssjb klu`b`qs+

    Rdj sjclkb `sxjcr as d` dj Saeks lg dj Xrlxdjs udacd `rj c`ffjbIzna~``$Iar`cfjs! `kb udacd xjlxfj sjj lr dj`r `olz& clksazj `k

    arrjwlc`ofj jwabjkcj glr dj jtasjkcj lg dj Lkj udl basx`cdjb dji>

    d` as @ff``d +

    ?4S`djjd `f)Ozmd``rjj& W+?& d`bjjd # ::+?1An``o`d> @ksujrake djBz`` lg dj szxxfac`k oq @ff``d+ ]RKY

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    20/86

    ?8

    Cjr`akfq djsj i`jrs $Izna~``! `rj ojqlkb dj c`x`oafaq lg i`kmakb

    `kb d` @ff``d i`kagjss dji l djfx `kb szxxlr Das Ijssjkejrs+ Glr

    jt`ixfj& dj Saek eawjk l Izs` udjk @ff``d clii`kbjb dai lsramj dj sj` uad das sacm+ Dj srlmj a `kb dj sj` x`rjb akl ujfwj

    brq rl`bs sjx`r`jb oq u`jr udacd ojc`ij famj dzej ilzk`aks+ @ff``d

    s`qs>

    y }!$+

    Rdjk Uj aksxajb Izs` $S`qake!> Sramj rdj sj` uard qlz sracm+@kb ar x`rjb& `kb j`cd sjx``rj x`r $lg d` sj` u`jr! ojc`ij famj

    rdj dzej& gai i`ss lg ` ilzkr`ak+ $Pzr``k ?7>73!+

    @kldjr jt`ixfj as dj Saek eawjk l Jjs`` $Njszs ! oq udacd dj u`s

    `ofj l orake fagj l dj bj`b `kb orake glrd dj bj`b grli djar er`wjs

    oq @ff``ds Fj`wj+ @ff``d sxlmj `olz dai& s`qake>

    y }! $+

    @kb A oake rdj bj`b rl fagj oq @ff``ds Fj`wj+ $Pzr``k 3>21!

    y }!$+@kb udjk qlz olzedr glrd rdj bj`b oq Iq Xjiassalk+ $Pzr``k:>008!+

    @ darb jt`ixfj as d` lg Izd`ii`b $! udjk dj raoj lg Pzrjasd

    `smjb dai l sdlu dji ` Saek $` iar`cfj `s ` xrllg glr das

    Xrlxdjdllb!+38Dj $! xlakjb l dj illk `kb $ojdlfb! a sxfa `szkbjr

    `kb dj xjlxfj s`u a+ _je`rbake das $Saek! @ff``ds`ab>

    38K`rr`jb @k`s > Rdj xjlxfj lg I`mm`d `smjb dj Xrlxdj $! l sdlu dji ` saek$iar`cfj!+ Sl dj sdlujb dji $dj iar`cfj! lg dj cfj`wake lg dj illk+ S`djjd `f)

    Ozmd``rjj& wlf +7& d`bjjd # 318+ ]RKY+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    21/86

    ?0

    y }!$+

    Rdj Dlz d`s b`uk kj`& `kb rdj illk d`s ojjk cfjgr& `kb ag rdjqsjj ` saek& rdjq rzk `u`q& `kb s`q> Rdas as clkrakzlzs i`eac+$Pzr``k :2>0)?!+

    @ff lg djsj xdqsac`f saeks $iar`cfjs! udacd @ff``d xzs akl jggjc ldjfx `kb szxxlr Das Ijssjkejrs clksazj `k arrjwlc`ofj xrllg glr Das

    Jtasjkcj+

    Sjclkb> Ojfajg ak @ff``ds _zolloaqq`d>

    Rdas ij`ks l ojfajwj d` @ff``d as dj lkfq_`oo uadlz ` x`rkjr lr `

    djfxjr+ Rdj _`oo as dj Lkj l Udli ojflkes dj Crj`alk& Makebli&

    `kb Clii`kb= Rdjar as kl Crj`lr oz @ff``d= Kl I``fam $Xlssjsslr!

    jtcjx Dai30& `kb djrj as kl Clii`kb oz Das+ Dj& Ils Daed& s`qs>

    y }!$+Das as rdj Cj`ralk `kb Clii`kbijkr+ $Pzr``k 5>:2!+

    @ff``d `fsl s`ab>

    y }!$+Szcd as @ff``d qlz_`oo= Das as rdj makebli+ @kb rdlsj& udli qlzakwlmj l c`ff zxlk aksrj`b lg Dai& luk klr jwjk ` Parijj$dj dak

    30@ff``d& Ils Erj`& as dj Xlssjsslr lg jwjrq xlssjsslr+ Dj xjrias udli Dj uasdjs l

    xlssjss+ @ff``d xlssjssjs `ff dj rj`szrjs lg dj dj`wjks `kb dj J`rd+ @ff dj ellb as ak Das

    D`kb& Dj eawjs l udli Dj uasdjs `kb `mjs grli udli Dj uasdjs+ Jwjrqdake as ak kjjb

    lg @ff``d+ ]RKY+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    22/86

    ??

    ijior`kj lwjr dj b`j)slkj!+3?$Pzr``k 3:>03!+

    A as kl mkluk d` `kqlkj d`b bjkajb dj _zolloaqq`d lg @ff``d jtcjx `k `rrle`k udl bljs kl ojfajwj ud` dj s`qs& famj ud`

    d`xxjkjb l dj Xd`r`ld udjk dj s`ab l das xjlxfj>

    y }!$

    A `i qlz `oo& ilsr daed+$Pzr``k 51>?2!+

    @kb>

    y }!$ L cdajgs A mklu klr rd`r qlz d`wj `k Af``d $` elb! lrdj rd`k ij+$Pzr``k ?4>34!+

    Ud` dj s`ab u`s kl ` i`jr lg clkwacalk+ @ff``ds`ab>

    y }!$+

    @kb rdjq ojfajb rdji $dj ``q``> xrllgs& jwabjkcjs& wjrsjs& fjsslks&saeks& rjwjf`alks& jc+! ulkegzffq `kb `le`krfq& rdlzed rdjaluksjfwjs ujj clkwakcjb rdjjlg ]a+j+ dj ``q```rj grli @ff``d& `kbIzs` as dj Ijssjkejr lg @ff``d ak rzd& oz djq basfamjb l lojq

    Izs`& `kb d`jb l ojfajwj ak das Ijss`ej lgR`udjjb+Y$Pzr``k ?5>02!+@ff``d rjf`jb ud` Izs` lfb dj Xd`r`ld>

    3?Rdas erj` ``q`d as ` rjiakbjr glr dlsj udl akwlmj zxlk dj bj`b lr dj `osjk xjrslk$s!

    sjjmake djfx `kb rjgzej ak dji& d` dlsj udli qlz sjjm `kb c`ff zxlk aksj`b lg @ff``dblk xlssjss jwjk ` Paijjr+ Rdjq c`kkl djfx djisjfwjs fj `flkj dlsj udl c`ff zxlk

    dji+ Rdlsj udl sjjm rjgzej lr akjrcjssalk drlzed dj raedjlzs ak djar er`wjs d`wj kl

    clrrjcfq jsai`jb @ff``d `s dj Lkj udl eawjs `kb `mjs& dj Lkj udl xrlwabjs `kb

    szs`aks& dj Lkj udl flwjs l oj akwlmjb @flkj& jc+ ]RKY+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    23/86

    ?3

    y }!$+

    $Izs` ! s`ab> Wjafq& qlz mklu rd`r rdjsj saeks d`wj ojjk sjkrbluk oq klkj ozr rdj _`oo lg rdj dj`wjks `kb rdj j`rd `s cfj`$jwabjkcjs a+j+ xrllgs lg @ff``d%s Lkjkjss `kb Das Likaxljkcj jc+!+@kb A rdakm qlz `j& akbjjb& L Xd``ld bllijb rl bjsrzcralk $`u`qgrli `ff ellb! $Pzr``k 05>08?!+

    Glr das rj`slk& dj Izsdramjjk $dj x`e`k @r`os! zsjb l `cmklufjbej

    dj _zolloaqq`d lg @ff``d bjsxaj cliiaake Sdarm ak Das

    Zflldaqq`d+ @ff``ds`ab>

    y . . . .

    . }!$+

    S`q> /Udlsj as rdj j`rd `kb udlsljwj as rdjjak< Ag qlz mkluRdjq uaff s`q> Ar as @ff``ds S`q> Uaff qlz klr rdjk jijioj Udl as $dj! _`oo lg rdj sjwjk dj`wjks& `kb $dj! _`oo rdj

    Ej`r @sd $Rdrlkj! @ff``d+ S`q> Uaff qlz klrrdjk gj` @ff``d $ojfajwj ak Das Lkjkjss& lojq Dai& ojfajwj ak dj_jszrrjcalk `kb _jclixjksj glr j`cd `kb jwjrq ellb lr o`b bjjb!+%S`q> Ak Udlsj D`kb as rdj slwjjaekrq lg jwjqrdake $a+j+ rj`szrjs lgj`cd `kb jwjrqdake!< @kb Dj xlrjcrs $`ff!& udafj `e`aksr Udlirdjj as kl xlrjcrl33& ag qlz mklu+ Rdjq uaff s`q> @ff rd`r$ojflkes! rl @ff``d+ S`q> Dlu rdjk `j qlz bjcjawjb `kb rzk `u`qgli rdj rzrd42)41!+

    Dj `fsl s`ab>

    33Ag @ff``d s`wjs `kqlkj klkj c`k xzkasd lr d`ri dai& `kb ag @ff``d xzkasdjs lr d`ris

    `kqlkj klkj c`k s`wj dai+ ]Sjj R`gsjjr `f)Pzrzojj& wlf+0?& x+02:Y+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    24/86

    ?2

    y }!$

    @kb akbjjb ag qlz `sm rdji& Udl d`s cj`rjb rdj dj`wjks `kb rdjj`rd Rdj @ff)Iaedrq& rdj @ff)Mklujcj`rjb rdji+ $Pzr``k 23>1!+

    Dj gzrdjr s`ab>

    y }!$+

    @kb ag qlz `sm rdji udl cj`rjb rdji& rdjq uaff szjfq s`q>

    @ff``d+ Dlu rdjk `j rdjq rzkjb `u`q $grli dj ulrsdax lg @ff``dUdl crj`jb dji!45!+

    Rdj Clii`kb lg `r)_`oo $@ff``d! clixrasjs old dj `f)M`ukjj

    $Zkawjs`f!`kb dj `sd)Sd`rjj $Fje`f l Nzbaca`f!Clii`kbs+ Nzs `sDj as dj Lkj Udl rzks dj `gg`ars lg dj zkawjrsj& _zfake a `s Dj u`ks

    `kb ak `cclrb`kcj uad ud` as kjcjssa`jb oq Das Uasbli& Dj as `fsl

    dj Nzbej Udl rzfjs a oq ij`ks lg Fjeasf`alks d` bj`fs uad

    Ao``b``32 `kb F`us elwjrkake `ff glris lg Iz``i`f``&3: ak

    clkglriaq uad Das Uasbli+ Sl& udljwjr sjs zx ` fjeasf`lr ojsabjs@ff``d ak Ao``b``lr ` nzbej ak Iz``i`f``& cliias Sdarm`kb bljs

    kl `scjr`ak djJji``k+

    32Ao``b``> @cs lg ulrsdax blkj sakcjrjfq glr @ff``ds s`mj `kb ak `cclrb`kcj uad jwabjkcj

    grli Pzr``k `kb $lr! `zdjkac Szkk`d+ ]RKY+3:Iz``i`f``> @ff glris lg izz`f rjf`alks& rj`ijk& xrlcjbzrjs& ojd`walr& clkbzc& `kb

    akjr`calks akcfzbake slca`f& ozsakjss& r`ks`calks& jc+ ]RKY+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    25/86

    ?:

    Rdab> Ojfajg ak @ff``ds Ulrsdax $Zflldaqq`d!>

    A as dj ojfajg d` @ff``d `flkj as dj rzj Af``d udl d`s kl x`rkjr lr`sslca`j+ Rdj Af``d ij`ks `f)I`flld a+j+ `f)I`ollb& dj lkfq rzj

    Elb udl bjsjrwjs l oj ulrsdaxxjb lz lg flwj `kb i`ekagac`alk+

    @ff``ds`ab>

    y }!$+@kb qlzAf``d as lkjAf``d& F`` af``d` aff` Dzu` $Rdjrj askl rzj Elb ulrdq lg ulrsdax oz Dj!& `)_`di``k $Udlsj Ijrcqjkclix`ssjs jwjrqdake!& rdj Ilsr Ijcagzf+$Pzr``k ?>073!+

    Dj`fsl s`ab>

    y }! $+

    @ff``d Oj`s uarkjss rd`rF`` Af``d` aff`Dzu` $klkj d`s dj raed loj ulrsdaxxjb oz Dj!& `kb rdj `kejfs& `kb rdlsj d`wake mklufjbej$`fsl eawj das uakjss!= $Dj as `fu`qs! i`akr`akake Das cj`ralk akNzsracj+ F`` af``d` aff` Dzu`& rdj @ff)Iaedrq& rdj @ff)Uasj+ $Pzr``k3>04!+

    @ff d` as ojake `mjk `s `k af``d ulrsdaxxjb `s elb ojsabjs @ff``d& as

    Zflldaqq`d as g`fsj+ @ff``d s`qs>

    y }!$+Rd`r as ojc`zsj @ff``d)Dj as rdj Rzrd $dj lkfq Rrzj Elb lg `ff d`

    jtass& Udl d`s kl x`rkjrs lr raw`fs uad Dai!& `kb rdlsj ojsabjs Daiudli rdjq $dj xlfqdjass! akwlmj)rdjq `j ozr O``raf $w`akG`fsjdllb!+ @kb wjafq& @ff``d&)Dj as rdj Ilsr Daed& rdj Ilsr Ej`r+$Pzr``k ??>7?!

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    26/86

    ?7

    C`ffake dji ``fad` $elbs! bljs kl jkafj dji l dj raed lg

    Zflldaqq`d+ @ff``d s`ab bjscraoake dj x`e`k bjaajs lg@f)f``& @f)

    Z~)~``& `kbIak``d`>y }!$+

    Rdjq `j ozr k`ijs udacd qlz d`wj k`ijb&)qlz `kb qlz g`rdjs&)gl udacd @ff``d sjkr bluk kl `zrdlarq+ $Pzr``k :3>?3!+37

    Dj $@ff``d! lfb zs d` Qzszgs`ab l das ul clix`kalks lg dj n`af>

    y . }!$+L rul clix`kalks lg rdj xaslk @j i`kq baggjjkr `o``o $flrbs!ojrrj l @ff``d& rdj Lkj& @f)P`dd``35< Qlz blkr ulsdax ojsabjsDai ozr lkfq k`ijs udacd qlz d`wj k`ijb $glrejb!& qlz `kb qlzg`rdjs& gl udacd @ff``d d`s sjkr bluk kl `zrdlarq+ $Pzr``k 0?>31)28!+Glr das rj`slk& dj Ijssjkejrs& i`q dj S`f``d `kb S`f``i lg @ff``d oj

    zxlk dji& zsjb l s`q l djar rjsxjcawj k`alks>

    y }!Y$!$!]$Ulsdax @ff``d Qlz d`wj kl lrdj Af``d $Elb! ozr Dai+ $Pzr``k5>:1&7:&53&4:= 00>:8&70&42= ?3>?3&3?!+

    37@ff``d s`ab d` Dzblfb das xjlxfj>

    y }!$+Basxzrj qlz uard ij lwj k`ijs udacd qlz d`wj k`ijb)qlz `kb qlz g`rdjs& uard kl `zrdlarqgli @ff``d< $Pzr``k 5>50!+35

    @ff``d as @f)P`dd``r> Dj szobzjb `ff crj`zrjs `kb `ff dj jfjijks lg dj flgajs `kb

    flujs ulrfbs= kldake lcczrs lr ilwjs uadlz Das Xjriassalk+ Jwjrqdake lg Das Crj`alk

    as ak kjjb lg Dai+ Das Arrjsasaoafaq as fakmjb l Das Xjrgjc Fawake& Xlujr& kb @oafaq+ ]RKY+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    27/86

    ?5

    Rdj Izsdramjjk& dlujwjr& rjgzsjb `kb sj zx elbs `s raw`fs l @ff``d&

    ulrsdaxxake dji ojsabjs @ff``d& `kb sjjmake djar szxxlr `kb djfx+

    @ff``d akw`fab`jb djar `cs oq ul xrllgs>

    Gasr> Rdjrj as kl `kq Bawakj Pz`faq ak dj elbs djq ulrsdaxxjb

    ojsabjs @ff``d+ Rdjsj elbs `rj crj`jb `kb c`kkl crj`j `kb jtjkb

    kjadjr ojkjga l djar ulrsdaxxjrs klr c`k djq u`rb lgg d`ri grli

    dji= djq c`k kjadjr eawj dji fagj& klr c`zsj djar bj`d= djq xlssjss

    kldake grli dj dj`wjks kb d`wj kl sd`rj ak a+ @ff``d s`ab>

    y

    }!+$

    Rdjq d`wj r`mjk ojsabjs Dai lrdj elbs rd`r cj`rjb klrdake ozr `jrdjisjfwjs cj`rjb& `kb xlssjss kjardj dzr kl ojkjgar rlrdjisjfwjs& `kb xlssjss kl xluj $lg c`zsake! bj`rd& kl $lg eawake!fagj& kl lg `asake rdj bj`b+$Pzr``k ?:>3!+

    @ff``d `fsl s`ab>

    y . }!$+

    S`q> $L Izd`ii`b l dlsj xlfqdjass& x`e`ks& jc+! C`ff zxlkrdlsj udli qlz `ssjr $l oj `sslca`j elbs! ojsabjs @ff``d& rdjqxlssjss klr jwjk rdj ujaedr lg ` si`ff `kr&)jardj ak rdj dj`wjks l lkrdj j`rd& kl d`wj rdjq `kq sd`j ak jardj& kl rdjj as gl Dai `kqszxxlrj gli `ilke rdji+ Akrjcjssalk uard Dai xlgars klr&

    jtcjxr gl dai Udli Dj xjiars+$Pzr``k 32>??)?3!+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    28/86

    ?4

    y . }!$+

    Bl rdjq `rraozrj `s x`rkjs rl @ff``d rdlsj udl cj`rjb klrdakeozr rdjq rdjisjfwjs `j cj`rjb010)01?!+

    Ag das as dj saz`alk uad dlsj elbs& djk ulrsdaxxake dji `s elbs

    ojsabjs @ff``d as dj zils lg gllfasdkjss `kb g`fsjdllb+

    Sjclkb> Rdlsj Izsdramjjk zsjb l clkgjss d` @ff``d @flkj as @r)_`oo @f)Md``fap $dj Crj`lr! ak Udlsj D`kb as dj Slwjrjaekq lg

    jwjrqdake `kb Dj xrljcs $`ff!& udafj `e`aks Udli djrj as klxrljclr+34

    Rdas $clkgjssalk! kjcjssa`js d` djq sdlzfb d`wj `jsjb d` Dj as

    dj Lkfq Rrzj Af``d ulrdq lgZflldaqq`d `s djq d`wj blkj uad Das

    _zolloaqq`d $udjk djq llm Dai `s djar lkfq rzj _`oo!+ Ak das

    rje`rb @ff``ds`ab>

    y . }

    !$+L i`kmakb Ulsdax qlz_`oo $@ff``d!& Udl cj`rjb qlz `kb rdlsjojglj qlz sl rd`r qlz i`q ojclij xalzs+ Udl d`s i`bj rdj j`rd `jsrake xf`cj `kb rdj smq `s ` c`klxq& `kb sjkr bluk `ak gli rdjsmq `kb olzedrglrd rdjjuard gzars `s ` xlwasalk gl qlz+ Rdjkbl klr sjrzx zx aw`fs zkrl @ff``d $ak ulrsdax! udafj qlz mklu $d`Dj `flkj d`s dj raed l oj ulrsdaxxjb!+$Pzr``k ?> ?0)??!+

    34Ag @ff``d s`wjs `kqlkj klkj c`k xzkasd lr d`ri dai& `kb ag @ff``d xzkasdjs lr d`ris

    `kqlkj klkj c`k s`wj dai+ Sjj Rr`ksf`alk lg dj Ij`kake lg dj Klofj Pzr``k oq `f)

    Daf``fjj `kb Md``k& sllr` `f)Iziakllk& ``q`d 44& x+:32& pzlake grli R`gsjjr `f)

    Pzrzojj& wlf+0?& x+02:+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    29/86

    ?1

    Dj `fsl s`ab>

    y }!$+

    @kb ag qlz `sm rdji udl cj`rjb rdji& rdjq uaff szjfq s`q>@ff``d+ Dlu rdjk `j rdjq rzkjb `u`q $grli dj ulrsdax lg @ff``d&Udl crj`jb dji!45!+

    y .

    }!$+

    S`q> Udl xrlwabjs glr qlz grli dj smq `kb grli dj j`rd< Lr Udl

    luks dj`rake `kb saed< @kb Udl orakes lz dj fawake grli dj bj`b

    `kb dj bj`b grli dj fawake< @kb Udl basxlsjs dj `gg`ars< Rdjq uaff

    s`q> @ff``d+ Uaff qlz kl djk oj `gr`ab lg @ff``ds Xzkasdijk $glr

    ulrsdaxxake ldjr d`k Dai!30)3?!+

    GLZ_RD> Ojfajg ak @ff``ds K`ijs `kb Sag``$@rraozrjs!>

    A ij`ks l `ggari dj K`ijs `kb @raozjs udacd @ff``d `ggarijb l

    Daisjfg ak Das Ollm `kb ak dj Szkk`d lg Das Ijssjkejr ak dj u`q

    d` ojs gas Dai uadlz

    R`drjjg$basrlralk lg rdj ij`kake!&

    R`jjf$kje`rake rdj ij`kake!&

    R`mqjjg& $`ssaekake ` i`kkj rl `kq `rraozrj!& lR`idjjf$b`uake x``ffjfs rl @ff``d!+

    @ff``d s`ab>

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    30/86

    38

    y }!$+@kb $`ff! rdj Ilsr Oj`zragzf K`ijs ojflke rl @ff``d& sl c`ff lk Dai

    oq rdji& `kb fj`wj rdj clix`kq lg rdlsj udl ojfaj l bjkq $lr zjraixalzs sxjjcd `e`aks! Das K`ijs+ Rdjq uaff oj jpzarjb gl ud`rrdjq zsjb rl bl+ $Pzr``k 5>048!+

    Dj `fsl s`ab>

    y }!$+Das as rdj daedjsr bjscaxralk $a+j+ klkj d`s dj raed l oj ulrsdaxxjboz Dj& `kb djrj as kldake clix`r`ofj zkl Dai! ak rdj dj`wjks `kbak rdj j`rd+ @kb Dj as rdj @ff)Iaedrq& rdj @ff)Uasj+$Pzr``k 38>?5!+

    y }!$+

    @kb rdjj as klrdake famj zkrl Dai& `kb Dj as rdj @ff)Dj`j& rdj @ff)Sjj+ $Pzr``k 2?>00!+

    Rul sjcs ujk `sr`q rje`rbake das i`jr>

    Rdj Gasr Sjcr> @f)Iz`raf`d& udl kje`jb `ff lr slij lg @ff``ds

    K`ijs `kb @raozjs cf`aiake d` `ggariake @ff``ds K`ijs `kb Sag``

    kjcjssa`js R`sdojjd $br`uake saiaf`raajs ojujjk @ff``d `kb Das

    crj`alk! Rdas cf`ai as szrjfq g`fsj ak i`kq rjsxjcs& akcfzbake>

    Gasr> A kjcjssa`js g`fsj lofae`alks famj clkr`bacalk ak dj ulrbs lg

    @ff``d& g`r rjilwjb as Dj grli jwjrq aixjrgjcalk+ Rdas as sl ojc`zsj@ff``d `ggarijb dj K`ijs `kb @raozjs l Daisjfg `kb kje`jb dj

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    31/86

    30

    famjkjss lg `kqdake zkl Dai+ D`b as `ggari`alk kjcjssa`jb dj

    R`sdojjd& djk a ulzfb aixfq clkr`bacalk ak dj Sxjjcd lg @ff``d `kb

    d` as x`rs rjgzj lkj `kldjr+

    Sjclkb> A as kl kjcjss`rq d` `erjjijk ak K`ij lr @raozj ojujjkul dakes lofae`js famjkjss ojujjk dji+ Akbjjb qlz sjj ul xjlxfj

    ak ` s`j lg `erjjijk udjrj j`cd as ` dj`rake& sjjake& `kb sxj`make

    dzi`k+ Ak kl u`q das kjcjssa`j famjkjss kjadjr ak dj dzi`k w`fzjs

    klr ak dj dj`rake& saed& `kb sxjjcd+ Qlz sjj d` `kai`fs d`wj d`kbs&

    fjes& `kb jqjs+ Rdas makb lg `erjjijk bljs kl kjcjssa`j d` djar

    d`kbs& fjes& `kb jqjs `rj famj j`cd ldjr+ Ag das basakcalk ak dj

    `erjjijk ak K`ijs `kb pz`faajs `ilkes dj crj`jb dakes as cfj`r&

    djk dj basakcalk ojujjk dj Crj`lr `kb dj crj`jb dake as erj`jr

    `kb ilrj jwabjk+

    Rdj Sjclkb Sjcr> Rdj Izsd`ooad` udl `ggari @ff``ds K`ijs `kb@raozjs oz i`mj R`sdojjd $br`u saiaf`raajs! ojujjk @ff``d `kb Das

    Crj`alk& cf`aiake d` das as ud` as kjcjssa`jb oq dj ij`kake lg dj

    jts lk dj erlzkb d` @ff``d `bbrjssjs dj Ao``b $i`kmakb!

    `cclrbake l djar zkbjrs`kbake Szcd ` cf`ai as g`fsj ak i`kq rjsxjcs&

    akcfzbake>

    Gasr> Rdj Izsd``o`d` $famjkjss! lg @ff``d l Das crj`alk as ` g`fsjclkcjx d` as kje`jb oq dj Sd`r` `s ujff `s rj`slkake+ Rdzs a as

    aixlssaofj d` ` g`fsj i`jr as kjcjssa`jb oq dj jts lg dj Pzr``k

    `kb Szkk`d+

    Sjclkb> @ff``d `bbrjssjb i`kmakb `cclrbake l djar zkbjrs`kbake lgdj o`sac ij`kakes lg Das K`ijs `kb @raozjs+ Dlujwjr& dj

    mklufjbej lg dj jssjkcj `kb rzj k`zrj lg ij`kakes rje`rbake Das

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    32/86

    3?

    Bd`` $Jssjkcj! `kb Sag``jtcfzsawjfq ojflkes l @ff``d @flkj+ Sl& ag

    @ff``d `ggaris l Daisjfg d` Dj as @ff)Dj`rjr& djk dj Dj`rake as

    mkluk grli dj zkbjrs`kbake lg dj o`sac ij`kake& udacd as djclixrjdjksalk lg wlacjs+ Dlujwjr& dj jssjkcj lg das ij`kake uad

    rjsxjc l dj Dj`rake lg @ff``d as zkmkluk ojc`zsj dj jssjkcj lg

    dj`rake as basakc jwjk `ilkes dj crj`jb+ Cjr`akfq& dj basakcalk

    ojujjk dj dj`rake lg dj crj`jb `kb d` lg dj Crj`lr as erj`jr `kb

    ilrj jwabjk+

    A as mkluk d` ag @ff``d ijkalkjb `olz Daisjfg d` DjAs`u`` `f`f)

    @rsd31& djk dj Asau`` `cclrbake l dj o`sac ij`kake as mkluk

    $ij`ks> `scjkb`kcj!& dlujwjr& dj i`kkjr $dj dlu! lg Das `scjksalk`olwj Das @rsd as zkmkluk& ojc`zsj dj jssjkcj lg djAsau`` ilkes

    dj crj`zrjs as basakc+ Rdj Asau``lk ` garifq s`ofj cd`ar as kl dj

    s`ij `s d` lk dj s`bbfj lg `k zkqajfbake `kb j`safq graedjkjb c`ijf+

    Udjk das as basakc uad rjsxjc l dj crj`zrjs& djk a as erj`jr `kb

    ilrj jwabjk ojujjk dj Crj`lr `kb dj crj`zrj+

    Rdj ojfajg ak @ff``d `cclbake rl ud`r uj d`wj bjscaojb `olwjqajfbs ej`r ojkjgars rl rdj ojfajwjs>

    Gasr> Rdj rzj i`kagjs`alk lg dj R`udjjb lg @ff``dszcd d`djrj as kl ``cdijk l ldjr d`k Dai ak dlxj& gj`r& `kb

    ulrsdax+

    Sjclkb> Rdj xjrgjc Flwj& I`ekagac`alk `kb Jt`f`alk lg @ff``d

    `s lofae`jb oq Das Ils Oj`zagzf K`ijs `kb Szofaij@raozjs+

    Rdab> I`kagjsake lzr ulrsdax lg Dai oq blake ud` Dj

    clii`kbs `kb `wlabake ud` Dj glro`bj+

    31As`u`` `f`f)@rsd> @scjkbjb djRdrlkj ak dj i`kkjr d` szas Das I`njsq+ ]RKY+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    33/86

    33

    Rdj Ojfajg ak Rdj @kejfs

    Rdj `kejfs `rj crj`alk grli dj Ulrfb lg `f)Ed`qo28 udl ulrsdax@ff``d `kb xlssjss kldake grli dj Bawakj Pz`faajs lg_zolloaqq`d

    `kb Zflldaqq`d+ @ff``d crj`jb dji grli Faed `kb er`kjb dji dj

    clixfjj szoiassalk l Das Clii`kb `kb dj `oafaq l jtjczj a+

    @ff``d s`ab>

    y . }!$+

    @kb rdlsj udl `j kj` Dai $a+j+ dj `kejfs! `j klr rll xlzb rlulsdax Dai& kl `j rdjq uj`q $lg ulrsdaxxake Dai!+ Rdjq$a+j+ dj`kejfs! eflagq Das X`asjs kaedr `kb b`q& $`kb! rdjq kjwj sf`cmjk $lbl sl!+ $Pzr``k ?0>01)?8!+

    Rdjq `rj erj` ak kziojr& klkj c`k jkzijr`j dji jtcjx @ff``d + A

    as clkgarijb grli dj d`bjjd lg @k`s ak das k`rr`alk lg dj slrq lg

    `f)Iar``n20d` dj Xrlxdj s`ab>

    / /+

    +++A u`s sdluk `f)O`araf)I`ill+2? A `smjb Naojjf `olzr ar `kb dj s`ab> Rdas as`f)O`ar `f)I`ill udjj sjwjkrq rdlzs`kb `kejfs xjgli S`f``r b`afq+ Udjkrdjq fj`wj& rdjq kjwj jrzk rl ar $ozr `fu`qs ` gjsd o`rcd clijs +akrl arb`afq!+23

    28@f)Ed`qo> _j`faajs kb bli`aks ojqlkb dzi`k xjrcjxalk+ ]RKY20Rdas bjscraojs dj `scjk lg dj Xrlxdj l dj dj`wjks+ Sjj glr jt`ixfj S`djjd `f)

    Ozmd``rjj& wlf+0& d`bjjd # 32:& `kb wlf+:& d`bjjd # ??5+ ]RKY+2?@ff``ds Dlzsj ak dj sjwjkd dj`wjk udacd s`kbs raed `olwj `f)O`a `f)D`r``i $@ff``ds

    Dlzsj ak I`mm`d!+ Sjj `s)Safs`f`d `s)S`djjd`d oq Sd`qjmd K``sar)zb)Bjjk `f)@fo``kjj

    $i`q @ff` ds Ijrcq oj zxlk dai!& wlf+0& # ?37+ ]RKY+23

    S`djjd f)Ozmd``rjj& wlf+2& d`bjjd # 2?1+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    34/86

    32

    Rdj Ojfajg ak rdj @kejfs Clixasjs Glz I`rrjs>

    Gasr> Rdj ojfajg ak djar jtasjkcj+

    Sjclkb> Rl ojfajwj ak dlsj udlsj K`ijs `rj mkluk l zs& famj Naorjjf&`kb l ejkjr`ffq ojfajwj ak dlsj udlsj K`ijs uj blk mklu+

    Rdab> Rdj ojfajg ak ud` uj mklu grli djar @raozjs& famj d` lgNaorjjf udli dj Xrlxdj $! s`u ak das ejkzakj sd`xj ak udacd dj u`s

    crj`jb& d`wake sat dzkbrjb uakes& `kb clwjrake dj udlfj dlra~lk+22

    Rdj `kejf i`q& oq @ff``ds Clii`kb& `mj dj glri lg ` i`k `s

    d`xxjkjb l Naorjjf udjk @ff``d sjk Dai l I`ra`i udjrj dj `xxj`rjb

    l djr ak dj glri lg ` i`k ak `ff rjsxjcs+2: @fsl udjk dj c`ij l dj

    Xrlxdj $! udafj dj u`s saake ak dj clix`kq lg das S`d``o`d+ Dj

    $Naorjjf! `xxj`rjb ak dj glri lg i`k brjssjb ak jtrjijfq udaj cfldjs&

    das d`ar jtcjjbakefq of`cm= djrj u`s kl saek lg nlzrkjqake sjjk lk dai&

    `kb klkj lg dj S`d``o`d mkju dai+ Dj s` bluk oq dj Xrlxdj $!

    rjsake das mkjjs `e`aks das `kb xf`cake dj x`fis lg das d`kbs zxlk das

    daeds+ Dj djk `smjb dj Xrlxdj $! `olz Asf``i& Jji``k& Ads``k27

    &dj Dlzr $a+j+ B`q lg _jszrrjcalk! `kb as Saeks+ Rdj Xrlxdj $!

    `ksujrjb das pzjsalks `gjr udacd dj fjg+ Rdjk dj Xrlxdj $! s`ab>

    / /Rd`r u`s Naojjf& udl c`ij rl rj`cd qlz qlz Bjjk +

    22Sjj S`djjd `f)Ozmd``rjj& wlf+2& d`bjjd # 2::)2:5+2:

    Sjj Pzr``k 01>05+27Udjk Naorjjf`smjb dj Xrlxdj `olzAds``k& dj rjxfajb> Ads``k as rl ulsdax@ff``d `s rdlzed qlz `j sjjake Dai& `kb udafj qlz sjj Dai klr qjr rzfq Dj sjjs qlz+Glr gzff `cclzk lg das d`bjjd& sjj S`djjd Izsfai&wlf+0& d`bjjd # 0& `kb S`djjd `f)

    Ozmd``rjj& wlf+0& d`bjjd # 25+ ]RKY+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    35/86

    3:

    Saiaf`rfq& dj `kejfs udli @ff``d sjk l Aor``djji `kb Fz

    `xxj`rjb ak dj glri lg ijk+

    Glzrd> Rl ojfajwj ak ud` uj mklu lg djar bjjbs udacd djq xjrglriak clixfa`kcj uad dj Clii`kb lg @ff``d& dj Ils Daed& famj djar

    R`sojjd `kb ulrsdax lg @ff``d25 b`q `kb kaed uadlz olrjbli lr

    sf`cmkjss+

    Slij @kejfs I`q D`wj Sxjca`fa~jb R`sms+

    Jt`ixfjs>

    Naojjf>@f)@ijjk $dj jkrzsjb! uad @ff``ds _jwjf`alk+ Dj sjkbsdai l dj Xrlxdjs `kb Ijssjkejrs+

    Ijjm``jjf> Ak cd`rej lg`f)P`ra+j+ r`akg`ff `kb xf`ks+24

    As``gjjf> _jsxlksaofj glr dj ofluake lg dj Rrzixj lk dj B`q udjkdj Dlzr uaff oj js`ofasdjb `kb crj`alk uaff oj rjszrrjcjb+21

    I`f`mzf I`ur $Rdj @kejf lg Bj`rd!> @ssaekjb l xzff lz dj slzfs `dj aij lg bj`d+:8

    Rdj `kejfs `xxlakrjb rl rdj ulio> Udjk dj jiorql clixfjjs glzrilkds ak dj ildjrs ulio& @ff``d sjkbs l dai `k `kejf `kb lrbjrs

    dai l rjclrb das xrlwasalk& das fagj jri& das bjjbs& `kb udjdjr dj uaff

    oj lg dj urjcdjb lr dj ofjssjb $ak dj Djrj`gjr!+

    25I`ekagqake dj Xjrgjcalk lg @ff``d& Ils Daed+ ]RKY+24Sjj `f)Oab``q`d u`k)Kad``q`d oq Aok M`djjr& wlf+0& x+:8+ ]RKY+21SjjG`dzf O``rjj oq Aok D`njr `f)@sp`f``kjj& wlf+00& x+374+ ]RKY+:8@ff``d s`ab>

    y }!$+S`q> Rdj `kejf lg bj`rd& udl as sjr lwj qlz& uaff r`mj qlz slzfs& rdjk qlz sd`ff ojolzedr rl qlz_`oo+ $Pzr``k 3?>00!+ ]RKY+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    36/86

    37

    Rdj `kejfs `xxlakrjb rl u`rcd `kb mjjx jclbs lg rdj bjjbs lg rdjcdafbjk lg @b`i $i`kmakb!> lkj saake lk dj raed `kb lkj lk dj fjg

    lg j`cd xjrslk+:0

    Rdj `kejfs `ssaekjb rl pzjsralk rdj bj`b lkcj djq `rj ozrajb+ Rul`kejfs clij `kb `sm dai `olz das _`oo $@ff``d!& das rjfaealk& `kb das

    Xrlxdj+:?

    Rdj Ojfajg ak rdj @kejfs Qajfbs Ej`r Ojkjgars& @ilkesr Rdji>

    Gasr> Ojake `u`rj lg @ff``ds Erj`kjss& Xlujr& `kb @zdlraq+Cjr`akfq dj erj`kjss lg crj`alk $ak das c`sj dj `kejfs! as bzj l dj

    Erj`kjss lg dj Crj`lr+

    Sjclkb> Rl eawj d`kms l @ff``d glr Das clkcjrk glr dj cdafbrjk lg@b`i udjrjoq Dj `ssaekjb slij lg djsj `kejfs l xrljc dji `kb

    rjclrb djar bjjbs `s ujff `s ldjr akjrjss+

    Rdab> Rl flwj dj `kejfs glr ud` djq d`wj blkj grli ulrsdax l@ff``d +

    :0@ff``d& dj Jt`fjb& s`ab>

    y }!$+Ozr wjafq& lwj qlz $`rj `xxlakjb `kejfs ak cd`rej lg i`kmakb! rl u`rcd qlz+ $Rdjq! `jdlklz`ofj ak @ff``ds Saedr& uarake bluk $qlzr bjjbs!+ Rdjq mklu `ff rd`r qlz bl+$Pzr``k 4?>08)0?!+

    y }!$+$_jijiojr! rd`r rdj rul _jcjawjs $rjclrbake `kejfs! jcjawj& lkj sarrake lk rdj aedr`kb lkj lk rdj fjgr $l klj das lr djr `calks!+ Klr ` ulb bljs dj $lr sdj! zrrj& ozr rdjjas ` u`rcdj oq dai $djr! $l rjclrb a!+ $Pzr``k :8>05)04!+]RKY+:?

    Udjk ` bj`b xjrslk as ozrajb& ul of`cm $fllmake! `kejfs d`wake ofzj jqjs& lkj c`ffjbIzkm`r`kb dj ldjrK`mjjr& uaff clij l dai+ Rdjq uaff `sm `olz @ff``d& dj Xrlxdj `kb das rjfaealk+ @ d`bjjd rjf`jb oq `)Rariadjj `kb `sd)Sd`qjmd `f)@fo``kjj s`ab a as

    d`s`k $ellb!+ Sjj `)R`d``uaqq`d& GK+ # :?4& x+311& `s)S`djjd`d& d`bjjd # 0310& `kb `)

    R`orjj~jjsIzsdm``zf I`ss``ojjd& wlf+0& d`bjjd # 038+ ]RKY+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    37/86

    35

    Slij lg dlsj udl bjwa`jb $grli dj Sr`aed X`d! bjkajb d` dj

    `kejfs `rj ejkzakj glris+ Rdjq s`ab d` djq rjxrjsjk dj xlujr lg

    xljka`f ellb ak crj`alk+ Rdas xlsaalk ojfajs dj Ollm lg @ff``d& djSzkk`d lg Das Ijssjkejr `kb dj ejkjr`f clksjkszs lg Izsfais+

    @ff``d s`ab>

    y }!$+@ff x`asj as bzj rl @ff``d& rdj $lkfq! Laeak`rl $lr Crj`lr! lg rdjdj`wjks `kb rdj j`rd Udl i`bj rdj `kejfs ijssjkejs uard uakes)

    rul& rdjj& `kb glz+$Pzr``k 3:>0!+

    y }!$

    @kb ag qlz clzfb sjj udjk rdj `kejfs xzff `u`q rdj slzfs lg rdjMzg`` $` bj`d!& rdjq siarj rdja g`cjs `kb rdja o`cms+ $Pzr``k4>:8!+

    y }!$+

    @kb ag qlz clzfb ozr sjj udjk rdj Rd``faijjk $xlfqdjass& urlke)bljrs& jc+! `j ak rdj `elkajs lg bj`rd& udafj rdj `kejfs srjrcdakeglrd rdja d`kbs $s`qake!> Bjfawj qlz slzfs+$Pzr``k 7>13!+

    y }!$+

    Zkraf udjk gj` as o`kasdjb gli rdja $`kejfs! dj`rs& rdjq $`kejfs!s`q> Ud`r as rd`r qlz_`oo d`s s`ab Rdj rzrd+ @kb

    Dj as rdj Ilsr Daed& rdj Ej`r+$Pzr``k 32>?3!+

    @ff``d `fsl s`ab `olz dj xjlxfj lg`f)N`kk`d d`>

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    38/86

    34

    y . }!$+

    @kb rdj `kejfs sd`ff jkrj zkrl rdji gli jwjq e`rj $s`qake!>S`f``i oj zxlk qlz gl rd`r qlz xjsjwjjb ak x`rajkcj+ Jtcjffjkrakbjjb as rdj gak`f dlij+ $Pzr``k 03>?3)?2!+

    Rdj Xrlxdj s`ab ak dj d`bjjd rjxlrjb oq @oz Dzr`ar`d $! `kbclffjcjb ak S`djjd f)Ozmd``rjj>

    > > +

    +

    Ag @ff``d flwjs ` xjslk& Dj C`ffs Naojjf rd`r> @ff``d flwjs sl)`kb)sl+ LNaojjf Flwj dai+ Naojjf ulzfb flwj dai `kb i`mj `k `kklzkcjijkr `ilkesrrdj akd`oar`krs lg rdj dj`wjk> @ff``d flwjs sl)`kb)sl& rdjjglj qlz sdlzfb flwjdai `fsl+ Rdj akd`oar`krs lg rdj dj`wjks ulzfb flwj dai& `kb rdjk dj as e`krjbrdj xfj`szjs lg rdj xjlxfj lk rdj j`rd+:3

    Ak dj s`ij ollm $S`djjd f)Ozmd``rjj!& dj Xrlxdj $! s`ab> > >

    + +

    Lk jwjq Gab`q rdj `kejfs r`mj rdj sr`kb `r jwjq e`rj lg rdj ilspzj jclbakerdj k`ijs lg rdj xjlxfj lkj `grj rdj lrdj $`cclbake rl rdj raij lg rdja `aw`fgl rdj Gab`q x`qj!& `kb udjk rdj Ai``i sars $lk rdj xzfxar! rdjq glfb zx rdjasclffs `kb ejr j`bq rl fasrjk rl rdj Rdam $Mdzro`> rdj Gab`q sxjjcd!+:2

    Rdj `olwj jts cfj`rfq s`j d` dj `kejfs `rj ejkzakj glris $lg

    crj`alk! `kb kl ilr`f glrcjs `s dlsj udl bjwa`jb $grli dj Sr`aed

    X`d! s`q+ Rdj ejkjr`f clksjkszs lg dj Izsfais as ak `cclrb`kcj uad

    dj `olwj jts+

    :3S`djjd `f)Ozmd``rjj& wlf+ 2& d`bjjd # 230+:2

    S`djjd `f)Ozmd``rjj& wlf+2& d`bjjd # 233+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    39/86

    31

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    40/86

    28

    Rdj Ojfajg ak Rdj Mzzo

    Mzzo as dj xfzr`f lgMa`o udacd ij`ks I`mllo $urajk!+ $Rdj

    Nzbaca`f! ij`kake d` as akjkbjb ak das cd`xjr as>

    ]Rdj Ollms udacd @ff``d d`s sjk bluk zkl Das Ijssjkejrs `s ` Ijrcq

    `kb Ezab`kcj l i`kmakb sl d` djq i`q zafa~j l `cdajwj djar

    d`xxakjss ak das fagj `kb ak dj djrj`gjr+Y

    Rdj Ojfajg ak rdj Ollms Akcfzbjs Glz I`rrjs>

    Gasr> Rl ojfajwj d` dj bjscjk lg dj Ollms as rzfq grli @ff``d+

    Sjclkb> Rl ojfajwj ak dj Ollms udlsj k`ijs uj mklu& j`cd `cclrbakel as k`ij& famj@f)Pzr``k udacd u`s sjk bluk zkl Izd`ii`b $!&

    @)R ur``udacd u`s rjwj`fjb l Izs` & djAknjjfudacd u`s orlzed

    bluk l Jjs`` $!& `kb @~)^`ollrudacd u`s eawjk l B``ullb $!+

    @s l dlsj Ollms udacd uj blk mklu djar k`ijs& uj ojfajwj ak dji

    lk dj udlfj+

    Rdab> Rl `js l djar `zdjkac akglri`alk famj dj kjus lfb ak djPzr``k `kb $lr! ak dj lfb Scraxzrjs `s flke `s djq `rj kl `fjrjb lr

    cd`kejb+

    Glzrd> @cake zxlk dj Pzr``ks zk)`orle`jb s`zjs& `ccjxake `kbszoiaake l dji udjdjr uj rj`fa~j dj uasbli ojdakb dji lr uj

    blk+ Rdj Erj` Pzr``k `orle`js `ff lg dj lfb Scraxzrjs+ @ff``d

    s`ab>

    y }!$

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    41/86

    20

    @kb Uj d`wj sjkr bluk rl qlz rdj Ollm ak rzrd clkgaiake rdjScaxrzj rd`r c`ij ojglj ar `kb Izd`qiak`k $rzsulrdq ak

    daedkjss `kb ` uakjss! lwj ar $lfb Scraxzrjs!+::

    $Pzr``k :>24!+

    Rdj Pzr``k& djrjglrj& as ` Nzbej lwjr `ff dj lfb Scraxzrjs `kb

    `cclrbakefq a as glroabbjk l `c zxlk `kq lg dj s`zjs lg dj lfb

    Scraxzrjs jtcjx ud` as `zdjkac`jb `kb `cmklufjbejb oq dj

    Pzr%``k+

    Rdj Ojfajg ak@f)Mzzo Qajfbs Ej`r Ojkjgars& Akcfzbake>

    Gasr> @cmklufjbeake @ff``ds clkcjrk glr Das crj`alk udjrjoq Dj sjkl jwjrq k`alk ` Ollm l ezabj drlzed a+

    Sjclkb> Rl rjcleka~j dj Uasbli lg @ff``d ak Das Sd`r` $Nzbaca`fF`us! udjrjoq Dj Fjeasf`jb glr j`cd k`alk ud` szas as clkbaalks& `s

    @ff``d s`ab>

    y }!$+Rl j`cd `ilke qlz& Uj d`wj xjscaojb ` F`u `kb ` cfj` u`q+ $Pzr``k :>24!+

    Rdab> Rl oj er`jgzf glr @ff``ds G`wlzr lg sjkbake bluk Das Ollms lg_jwjf`alk+

    ::Izd`qiak`k> Rjsagajs dj rzd d` as djrjak `kb g`fsagajs dj g`fsjdllb d` as `bbjb

    djrjak+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    42/86

    2?

    Rdj Ojfajg ak@r)_zszf $Rdj Ijssjkejrs!

    @)_zszf as dj xfzr`f lg _`sllf udacd ij`ks Izrs`f> Rdj lkjbasx`cdjb l xrlcf`ai slijdake+ Ud` as akjkbjb $`cclrbake l dj

    Nzbaca`f ij`kake! as d`@)_`sllfas dj i`k udl rjcjawjs ` Sd`r` $@

    Bawakj clbj lg f`u! `kb as clii`kbjb oq @ff``d l clkwjq a+ Rdj gars

    lg@r)_zszfas Kl`d `kb dj f`s lkj as Izd`ii`b$!+ @ff``d s`ab>

    y }!$

    Wjafq& Uj d`wj aksxajb qlz $L Izd`ii`b ! `s Uj d`wj aksxajbrl Kl`d `kb rdj Xlxdjrs `grj dai+$Pzr``k 2>037!+

    Ak S`djjd f)Ozmd``rjj a as k`rr`jb lk dj `zdlraq lg @k`s oak I``fam

    ak dj d`bjjd lg@sd)Sd`g```d $Rdj Akjrcjssalk!& dj Xrlxdj $!

    ijkalkjb d` $lk dj B`q lg _jszrrjcalk! xjlxfj uaff el l @b`i

    `smake dai l akjrcjbj glr dji uad @ff``d&:7 dj `xlflea~js `kb s`qs>

    El rl Kl`d& rdj gasr lg @ff``ds Ijssjkejs l dj xjlxfj lg djj`rd+

    @ff``d s`ab>

    y }!$+

    Izd`ii`b as klr rdj g`rdj lg `kq i`k `ilke qlz& ozr dj asIjssjkej lg @ff``d `kb rdj F`sr $jkb! lg rdj Xlxdjrs+ $Pzr``k33>28!+

    :7Ak dj d`bjjd& dj Xrlxdj bjscraojs dj basrjss xjlxfj uaff el drlzed lk dj B`q lg

    _jszrrjcalk+ Rdjq uaff el l @b`i djk l Kl`d& Aor``djji& Jjs``& `kb djk l Izs` $ !+Rdjq uaff bjcfakj& j`cd `cclrbake l das luk rj`slk+ Izs` uaff barjc dji l el

    l Izd`ii`b `kb @ff``d uaff xjria dai l akjrcjbj+Sjj S`djjd `f)Ozmd``rjj& wlf+7&d`bjjd # ?37+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    43/86

    23

    @kb djrj kjwjr u`s ` k`alk uadlz ` Ijssjkejr udli @ff``d sjkbs uad ` x`raczf`r Sd`rjj`d l das xjlxfj& lr uadlz ` Xrlxdj

    rjcjawake dj rjwjf`alk lg dj Sd`rjj`d lg das xrjbjcjsslr ak lrbjr glrdai l rjwawj+ @ff``ds`ab>

    y }!$+

    @kb wjafq& Uj d`wj sjkr `ilke jwjq Zii`d $cliizkaq& k`alk! `Ijssjkej $xrlcf`aiake!> Ulsdax @ff``d $`flkj!& `kb `wlab $lr mjjx`u`q grli! R``edllr+:5 $Pzr``k 07>37!+

    Dj `fsl s`ab>

    y }!$+

    Rdjj u`s kl Zii`d ozr ` u`kj d`b x`ssjb `ilke rdji+$Pzr``k 3:>?2!+

    y }!$+

    Wjafq& Uj bab sjkb bluk rdj Rl`d $rl Izs`!& rdjjak u`s ezab`kcj`kb faedr& oq udacd rdj Xlxdjrs udl szoiarrjb rl @ff``ds Uaff&nzbejb rdj Njus+ $Pzr``k :>22!+

    Rdj Ijssjkejrs `rj crj`jb dzi`k ojakes udl blk d`wj `kq lg dj

    cd`r`cjrasacs lg_zolloaqq`d lr Zflldaqq`d+ @ff``d sxlmj `olz das

    Xrlxdj Izd`ii`b $! udl as dj ils klofj lg dj Ijssjkejrs `kb

    dj daedjs `ilkes dji ak dlklr ojglrj @ff``d>

    y }!$+

    :5R``edll> @ff glris lg g`fsj bjaajs+ ]RKY+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    44/86

    22

    S`q $L Izd`ii`b rl rdj basojfajwjs!> A xlssjss kl xluj lgojkjgar l dzr rl iqsjfg jtcjxr `s @ff``d Uaffs+ Ag A D`b mklufjbej

    lg rdj Ed`qo& A sdlzfb d`wj sjczjb gl iqsjfg `k `ozkb`kcj lguj`frd& `kb kl jwaf sdlzfb d`wj rlzcdjb ij+ A `i ozr ` u`kj `kb `oakej lg ef`b rabakes rl rdlsj udl ojfajwj+ $Pzr``k 5>044!+

    Dj `fsl s`ab $`olz dj Xrlxdj !>

    y . }!$+

    S`q $L Izd`ii`b !> Ar as klr ak iq xluj rl c`zsj qlz d`i& lrl oake qlz rl rdj _aedr X`rd+ S`q> Klkj c`k xlrjcr ij gli@ff``ds Xzkasdijkr $ag A ujrj l baslojq Dai!& kl sdlzfb A gakbjgzej jtcjxr ak Dai+$Pzr``k 5?>?0)??!+

    Dzi`k pz`faajs famj affkjss& bj`d& dj kjjb glr gllb `kb brakm& `kb sl

    glrd& `ggjc dji+ @ff``d s`ab `olz Xrlxdj Aor``djjibjscraoake

    das_`oo $@ff``d!>

    y . . }!$+

    Ar as Dj Udl gjjbs ij `kb eawjs ij rl bakm+ @kb udjk A `i aff& ar asDj Udl czjs ij= @kb Udl uaff c`zsj ij rl baj& `kb rdjk oake ijrl fagj $`e`ak!+$Pzr``k ?7>51)40!+

    Rdj Xrlxdj $! s`ab>

    / +/ +

    A `i ozr ` dzi`k ojake famj qlz& `kb fa`ofj rl glejr famj qlz+ Sl& ag A glejrjiakb ij+/:4

    :4_jxlrjb oq `f)Ozmd``rjj `kb Izsfai+ Sjj S`djjd `f)Ozmd``rjj& wlf+ 0& d`bjjd #312+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    45/86

    2:

    Ak dj clkjt lg xr`asake dj Ijssjkejrs& @ff``d bjscraojb dji `s

    d`wake Zollbaqq`d:1 l Dai ak djar daedjs r`kms lg s`kbake& s`qake

    `olzr Kl`d>

    y }!$+Wjafq& dj $Kl`d! u`s ` e`rjgzf `ob $sf`wj)ulrsdaxxjr lg @ff``d`flkj!+

    @ff``d s`ab `olz Izd`ii`b$!>

    y }!$+Ofjssjb oj Dj Udl sjkr bluk rdj carjalk $dj Pzr``k! rl Das `ob$Izd`ii`b ! rd`r dj i`q oj ` u`kj rl rdj @`f`ijjk $i`kmakb`kb nakks!+$Pzr``k ?:>0!+

    Dj s`ab `olz Ao``djji& Asd``p& Q`pllo $i`q @ff``ds S`f`` `kbS`f``i oj zxlk dji!>

    y . . }! $+

    @kb jijioj Ao``b`k` $Lzr sf`wjs! Ao``djji& Asd``p& `kbQ`pllo $N`clo!& $`ff! lukjs lg srjkerd $ak ulrsdaxxake Zs! `kb$`fsl! lg jfaealzs zkbjsr`kbake+ Wjafq& Uj bab cdllsj rdji oqe`krake rdji $` ellb dake& )a+j+! rdj jijio`kcj lg rdj B``78+$Pzr``k 34>2:)27!+

    :1@s sf`wjs lg @ff``d udl szoia& szrrjkbjr& kb bjwlj ulrsdax l Dai flkj+ ]RKY+

    78Rdj dlij ak dj Djrj`gjr+ Rdjq zsjb l i`mj dj xjlxfj rjijiojr dj B``r$dlij! ak dj

    Djrj`gjr+ Rdjq akwajb dj xjlxfj l lojq @ff``d kb l bl ellb bjjbs glr dj Djrj`gjr+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    46/86

    27

    @ff``d sxlmj `olz Jjs`` oak I`ra`i d`>

    y }!$+Dj $Jjs``! u`s kl ilrj d`k ` sf`wj $udl ulrsdaxs @ff``d `flkj!+ Uj

    er`kjb Lzr G`wlzr l dai& `kb Uj i`bj dai `k jt`ixfj l dj Cdafbrjk

    lg Asr`jf $a+j+ das crj`alk uadlz ` g`djr!+ $Pzr``k 23>:1!+

    Rdj Ojfajg Ak Rdj Ijssjkejs Clixasjs Glz I`rrjs>

    Gasr> Rl ojfajwj d` djar Ijss`ej as ` rzj lkj grli @ff``d +Rdjrjglrj& udljwjr basojfajwjs ak dj Ijss`ej lg `kqlkj lg dji djk

    Dj basojfajwjs ak `ff lg dji& `s @ff``ds`ab>

    y }!$+

    Rdj xjlxfj lg Kl`d ojfajb rdj Ijssjkejs+ $Pzr``k ?7>08:!+

    @ff``d i`bj dji ojfaj `ff dj Ijssjkejrs `fdlzed djrj u`s kl `kq

    Ijssjkejr ojsabjs Kl`d udjk djq ojfajb dai+ @cclrbakefq& dj

    Cdrasa`ks udl ojfajb Xrlxdj Izd`ii`b $! `kb babk glfflu dai

    djisjfwjs ojfajb dj Ijssa`d oak I`ra`i `kb clksjpzjkfq `rj kl das

    glfflujrs& jsxjca`ffq udjk dj orlzed dji dj ellb kjus `olz

    Izd`ii`b $!+ Rdj ef`b abake ulzfb kl ij`k `kqdake zkfjss Dj

    $Izd`ii`b ! as ` Ijssjkejr l dji udjrjuad @ff``d uaff s`wj dji

    grli elake `sr`q `kb ezabj dji l dj Sr`aed X`d+

    Sjclkb> Rl ojfajwj ak dlsj lg dji udlsj k`ijs uj mklu& j`cd`cclrbake l das k`ij> Jt`ixfjs& Izd`ii`b& Aor``djji& Izs`& Jjs``&`kb Kl`d& dj S`f```kb S`f``i lg @ff``d oj zxlk dji+ Rdjsj gawj `rj

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    47/86

    25

    dj Zfzf @~ia iak`)r)_zszf $Rdj Ijssjkejrs lg srlke uaff `kb

    sj`bg`skjss!+

    @ff``d ijkalkjb dji ak ul xf`cjs ak dj Pzr``k& ak Das s`qake $ak

    Sllr` `f)@d~``o!>

    y }!$+

    @kb $rjijiojr! udjk uj rllm gli rdj Xlxdjrs rdja clwjk`kr& `kbgli qlz $L Izd`ii`b !& `kb gli Kl`d& Ao``djji& Izs`& `kbJjs`` Aok I`a`i+ $Pzr``k 33>5!& `kb ak Das s`qake ak Sllr` `sd)

    Sdzr`>

    y }!$+

    Dj $@ff``d! d`s lb`akjb gl qlz gli rdj s`ijBjjk $Asf``i! udacdDj lb`akjb gl Kl`d& `kb rd`r udacd Uj d`wj Aksxajb ak qlz $LIzd`ii`b ! `kb rd`r udacd Uj lb`akjb gl Ao``djji& Izs`&

    `kb Jjs`` s`qake qlz sdlzfb jsr`ofasd rdj Bjjk `kb i`mj klbawasalks ak ar+ $Pzr``k 2?>03!+

    @s rje`rb l dlsj lg dji udlsj k`ijs uj blk mklu& uj ojfajwj ak

    dji lk dj udlfj $`s rzj Ijssjkejrs grli @ff``d!+ Djs`ab>

    y }!$+Akbjjb Uj d`wj sjkr Ijssjkejs ojglj qlz $L Izd`ii`b !> lg

    rdji rdjj `j slij udlsj srlq Uj d`wj rlfb qlz& `kb slij udlsjsrlq Uj d`wj klr rlfb qlz+ $Pzr``k 28>54!+

    Rdab> Rl ojfajwj ak ud` as `zdjkac`ffq rjxlrjb grli djar kjus+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    48/86

    24

    Glzrd> Rl `c zxlk dj Sd`rjj`d lg dj Ijssjkejr udl as sjk l zsgrli `ilkes dji& `kb dj as Izd`ii`b $!& dj f`s $jkb! lg dj

    Ijssjkejrs $`kb Xrlxdjs! udl as sjk l i`kmakb+ @ff``d s`ab>

    y }!$+

    Ozr kl& oq qlz _`oo& rdjq c`k d`wj kl g`ard zkraf rdjq r`mj qlz$Izd`ii`b ! nzbej ak `ff basxzrjs ojrujjk rdji& `kb gakb akrdjisjfwjs kl jsasr`kcj `e`aksr qlz bjcasalks& `kb `ccjxr $dji!

    uard gzff szoiassalk+$Pzr``k 2>7:!+

    Rdj Ojfajg Ak Rdj Ijssjkejs Qajfbs Ej`r Ojkjgars& Akcfzbake>

    Gasr> @cmklufjbeake @ff``ds Ijrcq `kb clkcjrk lu`rbs Das crj`alkudjrj`s Dj sjkb dji dj Ijssjkejrs l ezabj dji l Das Sr`aed X`d

    `kb l cfj`rfq jtxf`ak l dji dlu l ulrsdax Dai& ojc`zsj dj dzi`k

    iakb as akbjxjkbjkfq zk`ofj l rj`fa~j $dlu l ulrsdax @ff``d!+

    Sjclkb> Eawake d`kms l @ff``d lk das erj` G`wlzr $lg sjkbake DasIjssjkejrs!+

    Rdab> Flwake& i`ekagqake& `kb xr`asake dj Ijssjkejrs ak dj i`kkjrd` ojgas dji sakcj djq `rj @ff``ds Ijssjkejrs `kb ojc`zsj djq

    ulrsdaxxjb Dai& xrlcf`aijb Das Ijss`ej& `kb e`wj `bwacj l Das

    crj`alk+Rdj losak`j ojfajb djar Ijssjkejrs cf`aiake d` @ff``ds

    Ijssjkejrs c`kkl oj dzi`k ak k`zrj+ @ff``d ijkalkjb das cf`ai `kb

    akw`fab`jb a ak Das s`qake>

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    49/86

    21

    y . }!$+

    @kb klrdake xjwjkrjb ijk gli ojfajwake udjk rdj ezab`kcj c`ijrl rdji& jtcjxr rd`r rdjq s`ab> D`s @ff``d sjkr ` i`k `s $Das!Ijssjkej Ag rdjj ujj lk j`rd& `kejfs u`fmake ak xj`cj`kb sjczarq& Uj sdlzfb cjr`akfq d`wj sjkr bluk gl rdji gli rdjdj`wjk `k `kejf `s ` Ijssjkej+$Pzr``k 05>12)1:!+

    @ff``d du`rjb djar cf`ai oq `ssjrake d` ` Ijssjkejr izs oj ` i`k

    ojc`zsj dj as ojake sjk l dj xjlxfj lg dj j`rd udl `rj dzi`ks+ Ag dj

    xjlxfj lg dj j`rd ujrj `kejfs& @ff``d ulzfb d`wj sjk dji grli djdj`wjk `k `kejf glr ` Ijssjkejr l oj famj dji+ Rdzs& @ff``d Rlfb `olz

    dlsj udl ojfajb dj Ijssjkejrs l d`wj s`ab>

    y . }

    !$+

    Qlz `j kl ilj rd`k dzi`k ojakes famj zs Qlz uasd rl rzk zs`u`q gli ud`r lz g`rdjs zsjb rl ulsdax+ Rdjk oake zs ` cfj``zrdlarq $a+j+ ` cfj`r xrllg lg ud` qlz s`q!+ Rdja Ijssjkejs s`abrl rdji> Uj `j kl ilj rd`k dzi`k ojakes famj qlz& ozr @ff``dojsrlus Das E`cj rl udli Dj uaffs lg Das sf`wjs+ Ar as klr gl zs rloake qlz `k `zrdlarq $xrllg! jtcjxr oq rdj Xjiassalk lg @ff``d+$Pzr``k 02>08)00!+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    50/86

    :8

    Rdj Ojfajg Ak Rdj F`s B`q

    Rdj F`sr B`q as dj B`q lg _jszrrjcalk lk udacd xjlxfj uaff ojrjszrrjcjb l rjcjawj rjclixjksj `kb rjcmlkake+ A as k`ijb `s szcd

    ojc`zsj djrj as kl b`q `gjr a+ Lk das B`q dj xjlxfj lg@f)N`kk`d uaff

    sjfj ak djar bujffakes& `kb dj xjlxfj lg@k)K``r$Djff! uaff rjsabj ak

    djars+

    Rdj Ojfajg Ak Rdj F`sr B`q Clixasjs Rdjj I`rrjs>

    Gasr>Rdj ojfajg ak _jszjcralk& udacd ij`ks eawake fagj l dj bj`blk dj B`q udjk dj sjclkb Rrzixj uaff oj ofluk `kb i`kmakb uaff

    s`kb ojglrj dj _`oo lg @f)@`f`ijjk $i`kmakb& nakks `kb `ff d`

    jtass!+ Rdjq uaff s`kb o`rj)glljb& clixfjjfq k`mjb& `kb

    zkcarczicasjb+ @ff``ds`ab>

    y }!$+

    @s Uj oje`k rdj gasr cj`ralk& Uj sd`ff jxj`r ar& $a as! ` xliasjoakbake zxlk zs+ Rzfq Uj sd`ff bl ar+ $Pzr``k ?0>082!+

    @f)O`rd $_jszjcralk! as `k `ggarijb rzd xrlwjk oq dj Pzr``k&Szkk`d& `kb Ani``$zk`kailzs `erjjijk! lg dj Izsfais+ @ff``d s`ab>

    y . }!$+

    @grj rd`r& szjfq& qlz uaff baj+ Rdjk $`e`ak!& szjfq qlz uaff oj

    jszjcrjb lk rdj B`q lg _jszjcralk+ $Pzr``k ?3>0:)07!+

    Rdj Xrlxdj $! s`ab>

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    51/86

    :0

    / +/! $+Xjlxfj uaff oj e`rdjjb lk rdj B`q lg _jszjcralk o`j)gllrjb& k`mjb& `kb

    zkcaczicasjb+

    70

    Rdj Izsfais zk`kailzsfq `erjj lk dj `ggari`alk lg dj B`q lg

    _jszrrjcalk `kb das as ud` uasbli kjcjss`rafq aixfajs> @ff``d i`mjs

    glr Das crj`alk `I```b$` xf`cj lg rjzrk! ak lrbjr l rjclixjksj dji

    lk dj lofae`alk Dj cd`rejb dji uad lk dj lkezj lg Das

    Ijssjkejrs+ @ff``ds`ab>

    y }!$+

    Bl qlz rdakm rd`r Uj d`b cj`rjb qlz ak xf`q $uadlz `kq xzrxlsj!&`kb rd`r qlz ulzfb klr oj olzedr o`cm rl Zs< $Pzr``k ?3>00:!+

    @kb Dj Rlfb Das Xrlxdj $Izd`ii`b !>

    y }!$+

    Wjafq& Dj Udl d`s eawjk qlz $L Izd`ii`b ! rdj Pz``k7?

    uaffszjfq oake qlz o`cm rl rdjI```b$xf`cj lg rjzrk& jadjr l I`mm`dlr l@f)N`kk`d& jc+!+$Pzr``k ?4>4:!+

    Sjclkb> Rdj ojfajg ak jclixjksj `kb jcmlkake+ Rdj `ob uaff ojrjcmlkjb uad `kb rjclixjksjb glr das bjjbs+ Rdas as xrlwjk oq dj

    Pzr``k& Szkk`d `kbAni``lg dj Izsfais+ @ff``d s`ab>

    y . }!$+

    70

    @k `erjjb zxlk d`bjjd+ Rdj jt as d` lg Izsfai+ Sjj S`djjd Izsfai& wlf+ 2& d`bjjd #

    7422+7?@ff``d lrbjrjb dj Xrlxdj l `c lk a `kb l xrj`cd a l ldjrs+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    52/86

    :?

    Wjafq& rl Zs uaff oj rdja jrzk `kb gl Zs uaff oj rdja jcmlkake +$Pzr%``k 44>?:)?7!

    @fsl Dj s`ab>

    y }!$Udljwj oakes ` ellb bjjb sd`ff d`wj rjk raijs rdj famj rdjjlg rldas cjbar& `kb udljwj oakes `k jwaf bjjb sd`ff d`wj lkfq rdjjclixjksj lg rdj famj rdjjlg& `kb sd`ff klr oj ulkejb +$Pzr``k7>078!+

    y }!$

    @kb Uj sd`ff sjr zx rdj o`f`kcjs lg nzsracj lk rdj B`q lg_jszjcralk& rdjk klkj uaff oj bj`fr uard zknzsrfq ak `kqrdake+ @kbag rdjj oj rdj ujaedr lg ` izsr`b sjjb& Uj uaff oake ar+ @kbSzggacajkr j Uj s _jcmlkjs+ $Pzr``k ?0>25!+

    Aok Zi`r rjxlrjb d` dj Xrlxdj $! s`ab>

    /

    >! $+/

    @ff``d uaff oake ` ojfajwj kj` Dai `kb sdjfrj Dai uard M`k`g`dz73`kb `smDai> Bab qlz cliiar szcd `kb szcd saks Qjs& iq _`oo+ @ff``duaff mjjx lk `smake dai raff dj uaff clkgjss `ff das saks `kb uaff rdakm rd`r dj aszakjb+ @ff``d uaff s`q> A bab scjjk qlz saks ak rdj ulfb `kb gleawj rdji gl

    73M`k`g`dz> @ff``ds Sar> Das Scrjjk+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    53/86

    :3

    qlz rlb`q& `kb rdjk dj uaff oj eawjk rdj ollm $jclb! lg das ellb bjjbs+_je`bake rdj basojfajwjs `kb dqxlcarjs $rdja jwaf `crs uaff oj jtxlsjb xzofacfq!>

    @kb rdj uarkjssjs uaff s`q> Rdjsj `j rdj lkjs udl fajb `e`aksr rdja _`oo+ Klblzor Rdj Czsj lg @ff``d as lk rdj @rd)Rd``faijjk $xlfqdjass& lxxrjsslrs `kburlke)bljrs jc++

    72$Pzr``k 00>04!+

    A d`s ojjk `zdjkac`ffq rjxlrjb grli dj Xrlxdj $! d` dj k`rr`jb

    `olz das_`oo>

    >

    +

    @ff``d lbjjb $rdj `xxlakrjb `kejfs lwj qlz! rd`r rdj ellb `kb o`b bjjbs ojuarrjk& `kb Dj rdjk sdlujb $rdj u`q! dlu $rl uarj!+ Ag slijolbq akrjkbs rl bl` ellb bjjb `kb dj bljs klr bl ar& rdjk @ff``d uaff uarj gl dai ` gzff ellb bjjb$ak das `cclzkr uard Dai!= `kb ag dj akrjkbs rl bl ` ellb bjjb `kb dj `crz`ffqbljs ar& rdjk @ff``d uaff uarj $ak das `cclzkr! uard Dai $ars ju`b jpz`f! glirjk rl sjwjk dzkbjb raijs rl i`kq ilj raijs= `kb ag slijolbq akrjkbjb rl bl` o`b bjjb `kb dj bljs klr bl ar& rdjk @ff``d uaff uarj ` gzff ellb bjjb $ak das`cclzkr! uard Dai& `kb ag dj akrjkbjb rl bl ar $` o`b bjjb! `kb `crz`ffq bab ar&

    rdjk @ff``d uaff uarj lkj o`b bjjb $ak das `cclzkr!+

    7:

    72@k erjjb zxlk d`bjjd+ Sjj S`djjd `f)Ozmd``rjj& wlf+ 3& d`bjjd #7?0+

    7:_jxlrjb oq `f)Ozmd``rjj& Izsfai& @di`b `kb ldjrs+ Sjj S`djjd `f)Ozmd``rjj& wlf+ 4&

    d`bjjd #214+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    54/86

    :2

    Rdj Izsfais `rj ak `erjjijk ak `ggariake dj rjcmlkake `kb

    rjclixjksj& `kb das as ud` dj uasbli kjcjss`rafq aixfajs+ Akbjjb

    @ff``d orlzed bluk dj Ollms& sjk dj Ijssjkejrs `kb i`bj aakcziojk zxlk dj Ao``b $crj`alk! l `ccjx $dj Ijss`ej! djq

    orlzed glrd `kb l `c `cclrbake l ud` as lofae`lrq djrjak= `kb

    i`bj a bzagzf l gaed dlsj udl lxxlsj a& `kb d` djar ofllb&

    lggsxrake& ulijk& `kb xrlxjrq `rj f`ugzf+ D`b djrj ojjk kl rjcmlkake

    `kb rjclixjksj& djsj i`jrs ulzfb d`wj ojjk ak w`ak G`r as @ff``d&

    dj @ff)Uasj& rjilwjb grli szcd $aixjrgjcalk!+ Dj xlakjb l das

    `ggari`alk $lg rjcmlkake `kb rjclixjksj! ak Das s`qake>

    y . }!$+Rdjk szjfq& Uj sd`ff pzjsralk rdlsj $xjlxfj! rl udli ar $djPzr``k! u`s sjkr `kb wjafq& Uj sd`ff pzjsralk rdj Ijssjkejs+ Rdjkszjfq& Uj sd`ff k``rj zkrl rdji $djar udlfj slrq! uardmklufjbej& `kb akbjjb uj ujj klr `osjkr+ $Pzr``k 5>7)5!

    Rdab>Rdj ojfajg ak @f)N`kk`d `kb @k)K``$Djff! `kb d` djq `rjdj gak`f `kb jwjrf`sake `olbjs glr crj`alk+

    @f)N`kk`das dj `olbj lg bjfaed udacd @ff``d d`s xrjx`rjb glr djxalzs ojfajwjrs udl ojfajwj ak ud` @ff``d d`s lrb`akjb zxlk dji `kb

    udl lojq @ff``d `kb Das Ijssjkejr& sakcjrjfq ojfajwake ak Dai `kb

    $rzfq! glffluake Das Ijssjkejr+ $@ff``d d`s xrjx`rjb! ak a $@f)N`kk`d!

    grli $`ff! makbs lg ofass udacd kl jqj d`b jwj sjjk& kl j` d`s jwjdj`b& `kb klolbq d`s jwj jwjk ai`eakjb+ @ff``d s`ab>

    y .

    }!$+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    55/86

    ::

    Wjafq& rdlsj udl ojfajwj77`kb bl aedrjlzs ellb bjjbs& rdjq `j rdjojsr lg cj`rzjs+ Rdja ju`b uard rdja _`oo as E`bjks lg

    Jrjkarq $`bk> X`r`basj75

    !& zkbjkj`rd udacd awjs gflu& rdjq uaff`oabj rdjjak gljwj& @ff``d ujff)xfj`sjb uard rdji& `kb rdjq uardDai+ Rd`r as gl dai udl gj`s das_`oo+ $Pzr``k 14>5)4!+

    Dj `fsl s`ab>

    y }!$+

    Kl xjslk mklus ud`r as mjxr dabbjk gl rdji lg nlq `s ju`b gl

    ud`r rdjq zsjb rl bl+ $Pzr``k 3?>05!+

    @s je`b rl @k)K``& a as dj `olbj lg lrijk udacd @ff``d d`sxrjx`rjb glr dj@f)M``garjjk@d)Rd``faijjk $xlfqdjass& urlke)bljrs&

    jc+! udl basojfajwjb ak Dai `kb baslojqjb Das Ijssjkejrs+ Ak a djrj

    `rj makbs lg lrijk `kb xzkasdijk d` c`kkl jwjk oj ai`eakjb+

    @ff``d s`ab>

    y }! $+

    @kb gj` rdj gaj& udacd d`s ojjk xjx`jb gl rdj basojfajwjs+$Pzr``k 3>030!+

    y }!$+

    Uj d`wj xjx`jb gl rdj Rd``faijjk $basojfajwjrs& urlke)bljrs&jc+!& ` Gaj udlsj u`ffs uaff oj szlzkbake rdji+ @kb ag rdjq `sm gl

    77Ak dj R`udjjb lg @ff``d& `kb ak Das Ijssjkejr Izd`ii`b + ]RKY+75

    X`r`basj> Rdj iabbfj `kb daedjs x`r lg@f)N`kk`d+ @olwj a as dj @rsd lg@r)_`di``k

    $@ff``d> Udlsj Ijrcq jkclix`ssjs jwjrqdake!+ Sjj @)R`o`rjjs `kb @f)Pzrzojjs

    R`g`sjjr& ``q`d 5? lgSllr` `)R`uo`d $Kl+1!+ ]RKY+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    56/86

    :7

    djfx rdjq uaff oj e`krjb u`rj famj olafake laf rd`r uaff sc`fb rdjag`cjs+ Rjaofj rdj bakm& `kb `k jwaf Izr`g`p` $bujffake& rjsake

    xf`cj& jc+! $Pzr``k> 04>?1!+

    y . . }!$

    @ff``d d`s czsjb rdj basojfajwjs `kb d`s xjx`jb gl rdji `gf`iake Gaj $Djff!+ Udjjak rdjq uaff `oabj gljwj& `kb uaff gakbkjardj ` xlrjcrl kl ` djfxj+ Lk rdj B`q rdja g`cjs uaff ojrzkjb lwj ak rdj Gaj& rdjq uaff s`q> Ld& ulzfb rd`r uj d`b lojqjb

    @ff``d `kb lojqjb rdj Ijssjkej $Izd`ii`b!+ $Pzr``k 33>72)77!

    X`r lg rdj Ojfajg ak Rdj Djj`grj As rdj Ojfajg Ak Ud`r Lcczs @grj

    Bj`rd& Famj>

    $@! Gark`rzf P`o $Rdj @ggfacralk lg rdj E`wj! udacd as djpzjsalkake $oq ul `kejfs! lg dj bj`b xjrslk $ak das er`wj! `olz das

    _`oo& das Bjjk& `kb das Xrlxdj+ @ff``d uaff mjjx gari dlsj udl

    ojfajwjb uad dj ulrb d` s`kbs gari+ Dj $dj ojfajwjr! uaff s`q> Iq

    _`oo as @ff``d `kb iqBjjk as Asf``i& `kb iq Xrlxdj as Izd`ii`b+

    @s l dj Rd``faijjk& @ff``d uaff fj`b dji `sr`q `kb dj M``garuaff

    s`q> D`d D`d A blk mklu+ Rdj dqxlcraj $lr ` blzogzf xjrslk!74

    uaff s`q> A blk mklu& A dj`rb dj xjlxfj s`q slijdake `kb sl A s`ab a

    $dj s`ij!+

    74Rdas as x`r lg `k `zdjkac d`bjjd clffjcjb oq `f)Ozmd``rjj& `kb Izsfai+ Rdj s`jijk

    lr dj blzogzf xjrslk as grli dj szo k`rr`lr udl u`s kl szrj udacd xjrslk @si``

    zsjb ak djr k`rr`alk> dj dqxlcraj lr dj blzogzf xjrslk+ Sjj S`djjd `f)Ozmd``rjj& wlf+ 0& d`bjjd # 47+ Rdj d`bjjd lg `f)O`r`` oak @`~ao clk`aks ` bj`afjbbjscraxalk lg dj ra`f lg dj er`wj+ Sjj dj ollm Bj`d oq Sd`qjmd @fjj D`s`k @obzf

    D`ijjb& Jkefasd Rr`ksf`alk oq B`ullb Ozro`km& xx+0?)0:& xzofasdjb oq `f)Dab``q`d&

    Flkblk+ ]RKY+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    57/86

    :5

    $O! Rdj Rlijkr `kb Bjfaedr lg rdj E`wj> Rdj lrijk uaff ojakgfacjb zxlk dj Rd``faijjk grli dj basojfajwjrs `kb dj dqxlcrajs+

    @ff``ds`ab>y

    }!$+

    @kb ag qlz clzfb ozr sjj udjk rdj Rd``faijjk `j ak rdj `elkajs lgbj`rd& udafj rdj `kejfs jtrjkbake glrd rdja d`kbs $s`qake!> Bjfawjqlz slzfs Rdas b`q qlz sd`ff oj jclixjksjb uard rdj rlijkr lgbje`b`ralk ojc`zsj lg ud`r qlz zsjb rl zrrj `e`aksr @ff``d lrdjrd`k rdj rzrd+ @kb qlz zsjb rl jnjcr Das @`q``r$xrllgs& jwabjkcjs&wjrsjs& fjsslks& saeks& rjwjf`alks& jc+! uard basjsxjcr+ $Pzr``k 7>13!+

    @kb `fsl dj S`jijk lg @ff``d `olz dj glfm lg dj Xd`r`ld>

    y }!$+

    Rdj Gaj& rdjq `j jtxlsjb rl ar ilkake `kb `grjkllk& `kb lk rdjB`q udjk rdj Dlz uaff oj jsr`ofasdjb $a uaff oj s`ab l dj `kejfs!>C`sr rdj Xd``lds glfm akrl rdj sjwjjsr rlijkr+$Pzr``k 28>27!+

    Ak S`djjd Izsfai `kb ak dj d`bjjd k`rr`jb oq ^`qjb oak Rd``oa

    dj Xrlxdj s`ab>

    >/ > > > >

    > > > > /+

    Ag ar ujj klr rdj j`slk rd`r qlz ulzfb srlx ozqake $qlz bj`b! ak rdj e`wjslk fasrjkake rl rdj rlijkr ak rdj e`wj udacd A `i fasrjkake rl& A ulzfb d`wj

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    58/86

    :4

    cjr`akfq i`bj qlz dj` rd`r+ Rdjk rzkake das g`cj rlu`bs zs71& dj s`ab> Sjjmjgzej uard @ff``d gli rdj rlijkr lg Djff+ Rdjq s`ab> Uj sjjm jgzej ak @ff``dgli rdj rlijkr lg Djff+ Dj s`ab> Sjjm jgzej ak @ff``d gli rdj rlijkr lg rdje`wj+ /Rdjq s`ab> Uj sjjm jgzej ak @ff``d gli rdj rlijkr lg rdj e`wj+ Djs`ab> Sjjm jgzej ak @ff``d gli ra`fs& ars i`kagjsrjb `kb dabbjk $`sxjcrs!& `kbrdjq s`ab> Uj sjjm jgzej ak @ff``d gli ra`fs `kb ars i`kagjsrjb `kb dabbjk$`sxjcrs!= `kb dj s`ab> Sjjm jgzej ak @ff``d gli rdj `ggfacralk lg rdj B`nn``f$xsjzbl)Cdasr&!58 `kb rdjq s`ab> Uj sjjm jgzej ak @ff``d gli rdj `ggfacralk lgrdj B`nn``f+/

    Rdj ofass lg rdj e`wj as jtcfzsawj rl rdj rzj ojfajwjs+ @ff``d s`ab>

    y }!$+

    Wjafq& rdlsj udl s`q> Lz _`oo as @ff``d $`flkj!& `kb rdjk rdjqAsr`p``iz50& lk rdji rdj `kejfs uaff bjscjkb $` dj aij lg djarbj`d! $s`qake!> Gj` klr& kl eajwj& Ozr jcjawj rdj ef`b rabakes lg

    @f)N`kk`d udacd qlz d`wj ojjk xliasjb+ $Pzr``k 20>38!+

    @fsl Djs`ab>

    y . . . . . . }!

    $ +

    71Rdj Xrlxdj u`s uad slij lg das clix`kalks udjk djq x`ssjb oq dj er`wjs lg slij

    lg djMzg``r`kb s`ab d`& Rdjsj xjlxfj `j x`ssake rdlzed rdj lbj`f ak rdj e`wjs`kb clixfjjb das s`jijks rje`rbake dj lrijk lg dj er`wj `s ak dj jt `olwj+ ]RKY+58

    @k `zdjkac k`rr`alk bjscraoake dj ra`f lg `b)B`nn``f as ak S`djjd Izsfai& wlf+ 2&xx+0:0:)0:04+50As`p``iz> Sllb sr`aed& a+j+ djq ojfajwjb ak R`udjjb `kb xjrglrijb `ff d` u`s

    lrb`akjb oq @ff``d $ellb bjjbs! `kb `os`akjb grli `ff d` Dj d`s glroabbjk $saks `kb jwaf

    bjjbs!+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    59/86

    :1

    Rdjk udq bl qlz klr $akjrwjkj! udjk $dj slzf lg ` bqake xjrslk!j`cdjs rdj rdl`r43)41= aff dj jkb lg dj s`ij Sllr`d!+

    @f)O`r`` oak @`~ao rjxlrjb d` dj Xrlxdj $! akbac`jb $d`!

    zxlk dj ojfajwjr%s `ksujr l dj pzjsalks r`asjb oq dj ul `kejfs ak

    dj er`wj>

    / >

    /+

    @ wlacj as dj`b ak rdj dj`wjks& s`qake> Iq %`ob $sf`wj! d`s rlfb rdj rzrd& slcflrd dai ak rdj cflrdake lg @f)N`kk`d& sxj`b gl dai rdj gzkasdakes lg @f)N`kk`d& `kb lxjk gl dai ` bll rl @f)N`kk`d+ Rdjjzxlk& dj as jkezfgjb oq `ojj~j lg ars scjkr `kb g`e`kcj& udafj rdj jtx`ksj lg das e`wj as jtrjkbjbojglj dai `s g` `s rdj jqj c`k sjj+5?

    Rdj Ojfajg Ak rdj F`sr B`q D`s I`kq Ojkjgars& Akcfzbake>

    Gasr> @u`mjkake dj bjsarj l xjrglri `cs lg lojbajkcj& srawake l`cclixfasd dji ak dj dlxj lg e`akake dj rju`rb lg dj F`s B`q+

    Sjclkb @rlzsake dj gj`r grli cliiaake `cs lg baslojbajkcj `kb`ccjxake dji& gj`rake dj xzkasdijk lg d` B`q+

    5?Rdj d`bjjd lg `f)O`r`` oak @`~ao as fjkedq lkj `kb a asrjxlrjb oq Ai``i @di`b `kb

    @oz B`ullb+ Sjj G+K+ # 58+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    60/86

    78

    Rdab> cliglrake dj ojfajwjr lwjr i`jrs lg das ulrfb d` i`qjsc`xj dai& oq d` udacd dj dlxjs glr grli dj bjfaed `kb rju`rb lg

    dj Djrj`gjr+

    Rdj Mzg`` bjkajb rdj _jszjcralk `grj bj`rd cf`aiake rd`r ar asaixlssaofj+ Szcd ` cf`ai as g`fsj `kb ars akw`fabarq as xlwjk oq @sd)

    Sd``& @f)Dass& `kb _j`slkake+

    Rdj Xllg Gli @sd)Sd``>Ak g`c @ff``ds`ab>

    y }$$

    Rdj basojfajwjs xjrjkb rd`r rdjq uaff kjwj oj jszjcrjb $glr dj@cclzk!+ S`q $L Izd`ii`b !> Qjs oq iq_`oo& qlz uaff cjr`akfqoj jszjcrjb& rdjk qlz uaff oj akglijb lg $`kb rjclixjksjb glr!ud`r qlz bab& `kb rd`r as j`sq gl @ff``d+$Pzr``k 72>5!+

    @ff lg dj Scraxzrjs `rj ak `erjjijk rje`rbake das i`jr+

    Rdj Xllg gli @f)Dass> @ff``d d`b sdluk Das crj`alk dj r`asake lg

    dj bj`b ak das fagj+ Ak Sllr` `f)O`p`r`d djrj `rj gawj jt`ixfjs lkdas+

    Rdj Gasr Jt`ixfj as uad dj xjlxfj lg Izs` udjk djq lfb dai>

    y }!+$

    Uj sd`ff klr ojfajwj ak qlz raff uj sjj @ff``d xf`akfq+$Pzr``k& ?> ::!

    @ff``d c`zsjb dji l baj djk Dj orlzed dji o`cm l fagj+ @olz dasi`jr @ff``d `bbrjssjbO`kjj Asr``jjf$Cdafbrjk lg Asr`jf! s`qake>

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    61/86

    70

    y . }!$+

    @kb $rjijiojr! udjk qlz s`ab> L Izs` Uj sd`ff kjwj ojfajwj akqlz raff uj sjj @ff``d xf`akfq+ Ozr qlz ujj sja~jb uard `rdzkbjolfr $faedkake! udafj qlz ujj fllmake+ Rdjk Uj `asjb qlzzx `grj qlz bj`rd& sl rd`r qlz iaedr oj e`rjgzf+ $Pzr``k ?>::):7!+

    Rdj Sjclkb Jt`ixfj fajs ak dj slrq lg dj izrbjrjb xjrslkclkcjrkake udli O`kjj Asr``jjf `cczsjb j`cd ldjr rje`rbake dj

    craij+ @ff``d lrbjrjb dji l sf`zedjr ` clu djk l sramj dai $dj

    sfjujb i`k! uad ` x`r lg a $ak lrbjr d` @ff``d iaed orake dai o`cm

    l fagj ilijk`rafq! djrjoq rjwj`fake das maffjr+53

    @ff``d s`ab rje`rbake das>

    y . }!$+

    @kb $rjijiojr! udjk qlz maffjb ` i`k `kb gjff akrl basxzrj `ilkeqlzsjfwjs `s rl rdj caij+ Ozr @ff``d olzedr glrd rd`r udacd qlzujj dabake+ Sl Uj s`ab>Sramj dai $dj bj`b i`k! uard ` xajcj lg ar$dj clu!+ Rdzs @ff``d oakes rdj bj`b rl fagj `kb sdlus qlz Das

    @`q``rsl rd`r qlz i`q zkbjsr`kb+ $Pzr``k ?>5?)53!+

    Rdj Rdab Jt`ixfj as `olz dj slrq lg dj xjlxfj udl gfjb djardlijs ak dlzs`kbs gj`rake bj`d+ @ff``d i`bj dji baj& djk Dj

    orlzed dji o`cm l fagj+ Djs`ab `olz dji>

    53Rdas u`s ` fjsslk glr dj Cdafbrjk lg Asr`jf `kb `ff lg i`kmakb d` @ff``d as c`x`ofj lg

    eawake fagj l dj bj`b ak das fagj `s ujff `s rjszrrjcake dj bj`b lk dj B`q lg

    _jszrrjcalk+]RKY

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    62/86

    7?

    y }!$+

    Bab qlz $L Izd`ii`b ! klr rdakm lg rdlsj udl ujkr glrd glirdja dlijs ak rdlzs`kbs& gj`ake bj`rd< @ff``d s`ab rl rdji& Baj+@kb rdjk Dj jsrljb rdji rl fagj+ Rzfq& @ff``d as gzff lg Olzkrq rli`kmakb& ozr ilsr ijk rd`km klr+ $Pzr``k ?>?23!+

    Rdj Glzrd Jt`ixfj as d` lg dj xjrslk udl `gjr x`ssake oq dj rzakslg ` luk dlzed d` a as aixlssaofj l orake a l fagj+ @ff``d c`zsjb

    dai l baj glr ` dzkbrjb qj`rs& djk r`asjb dai zx $`e`ak!+ @olz das

    @ff``d s`qs>

    y

    }!$+

    L famj rdj lkj udl x`ssjb oq ` rluk `kb ar d`b rziofjb lwj arsllgs+ Dj s`ab> Ld Dlu uaff @ff``d jwj oake ar rl fagj `grj arsbj`rd Dlu flke bab qlz ji`ak$bj`b! Xjd`xs A ji`akjb ` b`q l ` xlralk lg `b`q+ Dj s`ab> K`q& qlz d`wj ji`akjb gl lkj dzkbjb qj`s+ Nzsrfllm `r qlz gllb `kb bakm& rdjq sdlu kl cd`kej @kb fllm `r qlzblkmjq @kb rdzs Uj d`wj i`bj lg qlz ` saek gl rdj xjlxfj+ Fllm `rrdj olkjs& dlu Uj oake rdji rlejrdj `kb cflrdj rdji uard gfjsd+Udjk rdas i`rrj ojc`ij cfj` rl dai& dj s`ab> A mklu $klu! rd`r

    @ff``d as @ofj rl bl `ff rdakes+ $Pzr``k ?>?:1!+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    63/86

    73

    Rdj Gagrd Jt`ixfj as dj slrq lgAor``djji @f)Md`fjjf52 udjk dj`smjb @ff``d l sdlu dai dlu Dj r`asjs dj bj`b< @ff``d lrbjrjb

    dai l sf`zedjr glzr oarbs djk l xz xlralks lg dji lk jwjrq daff`rlzkb dai+ Dj djk lrbjrjb dai l c`ff zxlk dj oarbs `kb sjj dlu djar

    x`rs uaff rjnlak `kb dlu djq uaff clij l dai $gfqake! uad sxjjb+

    @ff``d s`qs `olz das>

    y }

    !$+

    @kb $rjijiojr! udjk Ao``djji s`ab& Iq_`oo Sdlu ij dlu Qlzeawj fagj rl rdj bj`b Bl qlz klr ojfajwj Qjs $A ojfajwj!& ozr rl oj srlkej ak G`ard+ Djs`ab> R`mj glz oabs& rdjk r`ij rdji $djk sf`zedjr dji& cz djiakl xajcjs!& `kb rdjk xzr ` xlralk lg rdji lk jwjq daff& `kb c`ffrdji& rdjq uaff clij rl qlz ak d`srj+ @kb mklu rd`r @ff``d as @ff)Iaedrq& @ff)Uasj+ $Pzr``k ?>?78!+

    Rdj `olwj `rj rj`f jt`ixfjs d` llm xf`cj `kb udacd `rj jwabjkcjs lk

    dj xlssaofj r`asake lg dj bj`b+ A d`s ojjk bjkljb j`rfajr d` eawakefagj l dj bj`b `kb r`asake dji grli djar er`wjs oq dj uaff lg @ff``d

    `rj slij lg dj@`q``d` ujrj eawjk lJjs`` oak I`ra`i+

    Rdj _`ralk`fasrac Jwabjkcj D`s Rul @sxjcrs>

    Gasr> @ff``d as dj lkj Udl lraeak`jb dj crj`alk lg dj dj`wjks`kb dj j`rd+ Ojake @ofj l lraeak`j dj xrlcjss lg crj`alk& Dj as kl

    akc`x`ofj lg rjxj`ake a $`gjr a d`s ojjk xjrasdjb!+ @ff``ds`ab>

    52Aor``djjd `f)Md`fjjfas XrlxdjAor``djji udli& famj Xrlxdj Izd`ii`b + @ff``d d`sbasakezasdjb oq flwj kb dlklr+ ]RKY+

  • 7/30/2019 Explaining The Foundations of Faith

    64/86

    72

    y }!$

    @kb Dj as Udl laeak`rjs rdj cj`ralk& rdjk uaff jxj`r ar $`grj ar d`sojjk xjasdjb!& `kb rdas as j`saj gl Dai+$Pzr``k 38> ?5!+

    y }!$+

    @s Uj oje`k rdj gasr cj`ralk& Uj sd`ff jxj`r ar> ` xliasj Uj d`wjzkbjr`mjk+ Rzfq Uj sd`ff bl ar+ $Pzr``k ?0>082!+

    Ak rjsxlksj l dlsj udl bjkajb eawake fagj l rljk `kb bjclixlsjb

    olkjs& @ff``d lrbjrjb $dj Xrlxdj !>

    y }!$+

    S`q $L Izd`ii`b ! Dj uaff eawj fagj rl rdji Udl cj`rjb rdjigl rdj gasr raij @kb