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Examination of the Perception of Double Eyelid Beauty Among Asian
Americans
presented by: Jenny Paek
Department of Environmental Analysis & Design
May 13,2006
Brief History
M. Mikamo performed the first documented double eyelid surgery
(Obata & Sergile 1997)
Purpose was not to create Caucasian eyes
Create eyes that were attractive in the Japanese society
Research Question
Can double eyelid surgery be an influence on the perception of Asian Americans?
Hypotheses
Although most non-Asians cannot distinguish single eyelid from double eyelid, double eyelid does have an influence on the perception of Asian Americans.
Non-Asians would feel more comfortable seeing an Asian face with double eyelid.
Asian Americans would like to undergo double eyelid surgery to be accepted by the majority.
What is Double Eyelid?
Single Eyelid Double Eyelid
Who has DE?
WhitesBlacksHispanicsAsian IndiansSome East Asians Some Pacific IslandersSome Southeast Asians
People With Single Eyelid…
Can obtain DE by:Undergoing DE SurgeryUsing tapeUsing glueUsing fiber thread
What is Double Eyelid Surgery?
Cutting Method: Crescent shaped piece of skin removed out of upper eyelidTwo sides are stitched together“Double eyelid” fold is created
There are other methods (non-cutting):LaserSuture
Surgical Procedure
Who Can Undergo DE Surgery?
Anyone can but mostly Asians
Before and After…
Pictures of Asian women and men before and after DE surgery
Reasons for DE Surgery
Cosmetic:Enhance eyesCreate a creaseEasier to apply eyelinerSymmetry
Medical:Poking of eyelashes
Data
Convenience based samplesUCI students
Surveys of pre and post-surgery
110 responses
Data
Asians: 60%
White: 21%
Hispanic: 18%
Black: 1%
Asian
White
Black
Hispanic
DataSurveys
50
52
54
56
58
Type of Survey
# o
f R
esp
on
ses
Pre-Surgery Post-Surgery
Pre-surgery Photo
Significant at the .01 level
0
0.51
1.52
2.5
33.5
Mean
Asian White Black Hispanic
Comparison Of Eyes Only
Post-surgery Photo
Significant at the .05 level
Comparison of Eyes Only
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Asian White Black Hispanic
Mean
Comparison of All Pictures
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
Black &White
Hispanic &White
Black &Asian
Hispanic &Asian
Asian &White
Black &Hispanic
Ethnicities
Diff
eren
ces
of M
ean
Interesting Findings
When comparing all of the facial features’ ratings, biggest difference between Black and White
When comparing eye ratings, biggest difference between pre-surgery Asian and White
When comparing eye ratings from the post-surgery survey, biggest difference between Black and White
Implications
Whites are the Golden Standard
Unintentionally, everyone uses Whites as the standard of beauty
Double eyelid surgery does impact the perception of Asian Americans
Future Studies
Larger sample
Gender issues
Level of acculturation and percentage of double eyelid surgery
Differences among generations and percentage of double eyelid surgery
Acknowledgements
Dr. Zuzana BicDr. Valerie JennessRita PetersenUROP
For More Information
Contact me at:Jenny Paek
University of California, IrvineDepartment of Environmental, Analysis & Design
Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.
