Ex world Today and Tomorrow

© ABB Group November 14, 2014 | Slide 1

Ex worldToday and Tomorrow

ShiRong Xiang, ABB Australia, BU Motors and Generators, PG Large AC Motor

© ABB BU Motors & Generators

INDEX

• Standards

• IEC and EN• EN standard and ATEX directives

• IEC standard

• EN vs IEC

• IEC vs IEC Ex

• EPL

• Markings

• CSA and CEC• NEC 500

• NEC 505

• Markings

• What is appening in the future

• Variable Speed Drive motors

© ABB BU Motors and GeneratorsNovember 14, 2014 | Slide 3

World of standards

CEC, CSA

NEC, CSA/US/UL

Inmetro

ATEX (Europe)

ATEX

SABS

STB

TRCU

TRCU

CNEx

Korean Std

JIS

ANZEx

IECEx (worldwide)

CCoE

Standards


Certification Standard

ATEX EN

IEC IEC

IECEx System IEC

American SystemCSA, UL

CSA, ULNEC/CE code 500/505

EN standards – latest revisions

All technical requirements are based on EN standards, refer corresponding IEC standards (latest harmonized edition)

EN 60079-0, 08-2012 (2009, 2012) General requirements

EN 60079-2, 11-2007 (2007) Flameproof enclosures “p”

EN 60079-1, 07-2007 (2007) Flameproof enclosures “d”

EN 60079-7, 01-2007 (2007) Increased safety “e”

EN 60079-15, 05-2010 (2010) Type of protection “n”

EN 60079-31, 07-2014 (2009) Type of protection “t”


Products Directive ATEX Concentrates on the duties of the manufacturers.

Defines the Essential Health & Safety Requirements (EHSRs) applicable to equipment, such as motors, to be used in potentially explosive atmospheres containing gas or combustible dust.

Ex equipment's intended for use in EU Countries shall be certified according the ATEX Directive 94/9/EC

The main mechanical and electrical design of the machine fulfils EN standards.

ATEX Directive


IEC standards – latest revisions

All technical requirements are based on IEC standards

IEC 60079-0, 06-2011 General requirements

IEC 60079-2, 07-2014 Flameproof enclosures “p”

IEC 60079-1, 06-2014 Flameproof enclosures “d”

IEC 60079-7, 07-2006 Increased safety “e”

IEC 60079-15, 01-2010 Type of protection “n”

IEC 60079-31, 11-2013 Type of protection “t”


IEC and IECEx System

IECEx System is an international conformity assessment system for Ex equipment, installations, area classifications, repair shops and persons

The IECEx System is based on the use of specific international IEC Standards for type of protection of Ex equipment.

IECEx System includes additions to the certification system compared to IEC. These modifications do not include the product itself, but the process (quality, procedures, documentation…)

IECEx is internationally recognized by all certification laboratories

IECEx = IEC System for Certification to Standards relating to Equipment for use in Explosive AtmospheresThe objective of the IECEx System is to facilitate international trade in equipment and services for use in explosive atmospheres, while maintaining the required level of safety.

IEC = International Electrotechnical CommissionIEC is a non-profit, non-governmental international standards organization that prepares and publishes International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

Differences between IEC and IEC-Ex scheme


IEC versus EN standards

Agreement between IEC and CENELEC (ATEX, EN standards) of common planning of new work and parallel voting, Called “Dresden agreement”, done in Sept.1996

IEC or CENELEC proposes new version or new standard

IEC prepares the draft of the new version or standard

IEC sends the final draft for parallel voting to

IEC members

CENELEC National Committees

In case both voting results are positive, the draft will be ratified as an

IEC standard

EN standard

IEC standard is based on worldwide consensus and is a recommendation only

EN standard is based on European consensus and each member state must implement it as a binding national standard


IEC and EN standards

T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6

450C 300 C 200 C 135 C 100 C 85 C

© ABB BU Motors and Generators

November 14, 2014 | Slide 11

Determination of ZonesZone 0 – permanent presence of explosive atmosphere (>1000 hrs/year)

Zone 1 – incidental presence of explosive atmosphere (10-1000 hrs/year)

Zone 2 - presence of explosive atmosphere only by accident (<=10 hrs/year

Apparatus groupsGroup I - mines susceptible to firedamp

Group II – areas with gas

Group III – areas with dusts• Gas group

IIA (e.g. Propane)

IIB (e.g. Ethylene)

IIC (e.g. Acetylene and Hydrogen)

• Dust group IIIA (combustible flyings, eg. fibers)IIIB (non-conductive dust)IIIC (conductive dust)

• Temperature classesT1……T6

Equipment Protection Levels (EPL)

EPL Definition Relationship to Zones

Ga (gas) Equipment having a ”very high” (a) level of protection, e.g. ”ia”

0

Gb (gas) Equipment having a ” high” (b) level of protection, e.g.”ib”, ”d”, ”p”, ”e”,(”de”)

1

Gc (gas) Equipment having an ”enhanced ” (c) level of protection, e.g. ”ic”,”nA”

2

Da (dust) Equipment having a ”very high” (a) level of protection, e.g. ”ta”

20

Db (dust) Equipment having a ” high” (b) level of protection, e.g. ”tb”

21

Dc (dust) Equipment having an ”enhanced” (c) level of protection, e.g. ”tc”

22



Marking (IEC) gas



Ex - Explosion protected apparatus

nA - Type of Protection “nA”II – group for gas

C – gas group

Temperature class

New protection level marking for gas,c = enhanced level of protection

Ex nA II C T3 Gc

Marking (ATEX, EN) gas




Ex nA II C T3 GcStandard marking according to EN-standards

Type of ProtectionII - Group (gas)

A, B, C - Gas groups

Temperature class

Equipment protection level for gas

II 3 G0537

for GasEquipment category (Zone 2)

Equipment group for surface industryUse in explosive atmosphere

Notified body eg. 0537 - VTTCE-marking

Marking according to ATEX-directive

Marking (IEC) dust




tc - Type of Protection “tc”III – new group for dusts

B – new group for non-conductive dust

Temperature class

New protection level marking for dust,c = enhanced level of protection

Ex tc III B T125ºC Dc

Marking (ATEX, EN) dust




Ex tc III B T125°C Dc Standard marking according to EN-standards

Type of Protection “t” for dust and protection level “c” III - Group (dust)

A, B, C - Dust groups

Temperature class

Equipment protection level for dust

II 3 D0537

for DustEquipment category (Zone 22)

Equipment group for surface industryUse in explosive atmosphere

Notified body eg. 0537 - VTTCE-marking

Marking according to ATEX-directive

Electrical equipment's intended for use in US and/or Canadian markets shall be certified according the the requirements of National Electric Code (NEC) and/or Canadian Electric Code (CE Code)

The main mechanical and electrical design of the machine fulfils NEMA standard.

When the main design completes North American standards, the Ex-protection and area classification can be nowadays made according to two different systems:

Traditional Division system or

New Zone system (refers to IEC standards)

NEC / CE Code standards



Explosive material

Class I Gases

Class II Dust

Class III Fibers

Incidence of explosive material

Division 1 Occasionally or continuously

Division 2 In abnormal conditions

Division 2in abnormal conditions

Division 1Occasionally or

continuously

Tclass Temp. /CT1 450T2 300

T2A 280T2B 260T2C 230T2D 215T3 200

T3A 180T3B 165T3C 160T4 135

T4A 120T5 100T6 85

Class 1 - Gas Groups e.g. GasA AcetylenB HydrogenC EthyleneD Methane

Temperature limitClass 2 - Dust Groups e.g. Dust Normal Operation Abnormal Operation

E Metal dust 200ºC 200ºC F Coal dust 150ºC 200ºCG Grain dust 120ºC 165ºC

National Electrical Code (NEC) / Canadian Electrical Code (CEC), NEC Article 500


Class I Div 2 Group D T2CGasesExplosive material

Incidence of explosive material Gas groupTemperature class

Marking NEC / CEC (NEC Article 500, old way)

Class II Div 2 Group F T120°CDustExplosive material

Incidence of explosive materialDust group and temperature classTemperature class


Class I Zone 2 AEx nA IIC T3Gases - NECExplosive materialIncidence of explosive material "American Ex”, type of protection and apparatus groupTemperature class

Gases - CEC

Markings are similar as IEC markings, but CEC recognize more temperature classes

Class I Zone 2 Ex nA IIC T2B

Marking NEC / CEC (NEC Article 505, new way)

Class II Zone 22Dust - NEC

Explosive materialIncidence of explosive material

”American Ex” IEC type marking

AEx tD A22 IP55 T120°C

NEC / CE Code standardsNEC division system compared to IEC zone system.

IEC Zones compared with NEC Divisions

Zone 0 Zone 1 Zone 2

Div. 1 Div. 2


NEC 500 division system IEC zone system(NEC 505 zone system = IEC zone system)



Gas Group

IECNEC 505 NEC 500

II A Group D

II B Group C

IICGroup B

Group A


Temperature class

IEC

NEC 505NEC 500 Temp.

T1 T1 450 ºC

T2 T2 300 ºC

- T2A 280 ºC

- T2B 260 ºC

- T2C 230 ºC

- T2D 215 ºC

T3 T3 200 ºC

- T3A 180 ºC

- T3B 165 ºC

- T3C 160 ºC

T4 T4 135 ºC

- T4A 120 ºC

T5 T5 100 ºC

T6 T6 85 ºC


Protection type Ex nA motor requirements on standard IEC 60079-15 will be moved to standard IEC 60079-7 Ex e

Marking will be changed after that

Ex nA > Ex ec

Ex e > Ex eb

New ATEX Directive 2014/34/EU

References to new Directive after 20.4.2016

What’s going to happen next


Ex motors driven by Variable Speed Drives


Motor protection Combined test motor + converter

Exd Type test for the motor supplied at varying frequency and voltage by a converter is not mandatory.

Exp Certification can be based on type test results or calculation results

Exe Ex e motor must be type tested and certified in conjunction with each VSDused to drive it.

ExnClass I division 2Class I zone 2

Certification can be based on type test results or calculation results

Differences between Expx and Expz


Ex pz Ex px

Overpressure 25 Pa 50 Pa

Inner partstemperature in T-class during

operation

No Yes


start

No No


stall

No No

Differences between IEC 60079-15 2005 and 2010


2005 2015

Gas test on Stator Not mandatory Mandatory

Gas test on Rotor Not mandatory Not required for S1, S2 and frequency converter driven.

Pre-start purging If risk assessment isexceeded unlessgas test on rotor and stator are passed.

Not required if S1 or S2 or vsd; it is atcustomer discretion

Questions

© ABB BU Motors and Generators November 14, 2014 | Slide 28

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Ex world Today and Tomorrow