European Cities and Regions of the Future 2012 ... - Karlsruhe

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European Cities and Regions of the Future 2012/2013 Winners

www.fDiIntelligence.com February/March 2012

In a More coMpetItIve clIMate than ever, wIth total ForeIgn DIrect InvestMent In europe FallIng by More than 7% In 2011, lonDon has MaIntaIneD Its tItle as fDi MagazIne’s european cIty oF the Future 2012/13, whIle the greater stockholM regIon has overtaken the south-east uk to becoMe the european regIon oF the Future. Rachel cRaig reports

London has maintained its title as fDi Magazine’s European City of the Future 2012/13, hav-

ing claimed the top spot in the previ-ous two rankings. The UK capital is followed by Paris in second place and Vienna in third. Other UK cities that have made it into the top 10 are Reading and Cambridge, in fifth and seventh places, respectively. Germany is represented by Munich (sixth) and Berlin (ninth), and Moscow, Dublin and Stockholm also feature in the top 10.

London continues to be the largest recipient of FDI in Europe; the city received 376 greenfield FDI projects in 2011, according to data from fDi Markets – an increase of 16% on the number of projects recorded in 2010 and its highest annual figure since the company started data collection in 2003. London also topped the human resources, business friendli-ness and infrastructure categories. Even though it is not part of mainland Europe, London remains the most accessible city thanks to direct flights to more than 300 destinations and its proximity to large ports.

Vienna was the highest ranking European city of the future for eco-nomic potential and scored strongly because of its relative stability and innovative environment, with one of the largest number of patents granted of the cities in the competi-tion. Oslo was the best European city of the future for quality of life. Berlin has been ranked by the independent judging panel as the best European city of the future for FDI promotion strategy and Antwerp in Belgium fol-lowed closely in second place.

Edinburgh in Scotland has been ranked as the best large city of the future, followed by Glasgow and Amsterdam in second and third positions, respectively. Edinburgh has been ranked by the judging panel as the best large city for FDI promotion strategy, and scores well in the human resources and quality of life categories, due to its high stu-dent population and well-educated workforce.

Bristol leads small citiesThe best small city of the future is Bristol in the UK, scoring particularly

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well in the business friendliness cate-gory, due in part to its concentrated high-tech and knowledge-based sec-tors (high-tech manufacturing and information and communications technology). Antwerp and Zurich fol-low in second and third places, respectively. Zurich is the best small city for economic potential, followed by Antwerp and Belfast, while Duisburg in Germany is the highest scoring small city for infrastructure.

Reading and Cambridge in the UK are the only cities in the overall top 10 that are micro cities; Reading is ranked as the top micro city of the future. Luxembourg has been ranked as the micro city with the highest economic potential. It has the fourth highest income per capita of the cit-ies in the competition (behind London, Paris and Oslo) and also scored highly for its quality of life and business friendliness. Bordeaux in France ranks highest for FDI strat-egy and places sixth in the micro cit-ies ranking overall.

Cities in eastern Europe lead the way in the cost-effectiveness cate-gory, with Ternopil in the Ukraine ranked as the best European city of the future for cost effectiveness. Six

of the top 10 cities in the category are in Ukraine, where foreign inves-tors can avail of inexpensive labour costs, cheap utilities and affordable property. Yaroslavl in Russia is the best large city of the future for cost effectiveness.

Stockholm tops region listThe Greater Stockholm region of Sweden is the best small region of the future, and has overtaken the UK’s South-east to become fDi Magazine’s European Region of the Future 2012/13. The UK’s South-east region is ranked second overall and is the best large region of the future. Scotland and the Thames Valley also feature in the top ranked regions from the UK, while Ile-de-France and Nordrhein-Westfalen (Germany) remain in the top 10. At sixth, Prague region (Czech Republic) is the only eastern European region in the top 10 ranking.

Nordrhein-Westfalen was consid-ered the best European region for FDI strategy by the judging panel, fol-lowed closely by Catalonia in Spain. The Bucharest-Ilfov development region (Romania) was the best European region of the future for cost

effectiveness, followed by Indjija in Serbia. The Greater Dublin Region in Ireland is the best European region of the future for economic potential, on account of the large amount of FDI per capita it has attracted, especially greenfield FDI projects in R&D. The banking crisis in Ireland does not seem to have affected FDI into the Dublin region; project numbers were up 15% year on year in 2011, following the banking bailout at the end of 2010. Investors in Ireland benefit from a favourable corporation tax regime; 20% of FDI projects in the Greater Dublin Region in 2011 were classified as headquarters.

Cities and regions in northern and western Europe dominated the rankings; Moscow is the only city out-side these regions to feature in the top 10 overall. There are exceptions, with Moscow and St Petersburg scor-ing well for human resources, and Warsaw and Prague among the top ranked cities for business friendli-ness. Southern Europe is the least represented region in the overall rankings; the past year has seen increased uncertainty in the euro-zone and downgraded debt ratings for Greece, Italy and Portugal. ■



RANK city couNtRy 1 london uk2 paris France3 vienna austria4 Moscow russia5 Munich germany6 Dublin Ireland7 berlin germany8 stockholm sweden9 copenhagen Denmark10 hamburg germany

top 10 majoR EuRopEan CITIES

top 10 LaRgE EuRopEan CITIES RANK city couNtRy 1 edinburgh uk2 glasgow uk3 amsterdam netherlands4 oslo norway5 helsinki Finland6 Frankfurt germany7 birmingham uk8 rotterdam netherlands9 leipzig germany10 gothenburg sweden

RANK city couNtRy 1 london uk2 paris France3 vienna austria4 Moscow russia5 reading uk6 Munich germany7 cambridge uk8 Dublin Ireland9 berlin germany10 stockholm sweden11 edinburgh uk12 copenhagen Denmark13 hamburg germany14 glasgow uk15 amsterdam netherlands16 bristol uk17 oslo norway18 zurich switzerland19 brussels belgium20 prague czech rep21 warsaw poland22 barcelona spain23 antwerp belgium24 liverpool uk25 Dundee uk

top 25 euRopeAN citieS oVERaLL

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London was ranked top European City of the Future for the third consecutive time

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RANK city couNtRy 1 bristol uk2 antwerp belgium3 zurich switzerland4 lyon France5= liverpool uk5= Manchester uk7 utrecht netherlands8 sheffield uk9 belfast uk10 plymouth uk

top 10 mICRo EuRopEan CITIES top 10 SmaLL EuRopEan CITIES RANK city couNtRy 1 reading uk2 cambridge uk3 Dundee uk4 slough uk5 Milton keynes uk6 bordeaux France7 oxford uk8 nottingham uk9 eindhoven netherlands10 cork Ireland

RANK city couNtRy 1 Moscow russia2 prague czech republic3 warsaw poland4 st petersburg russia5 bucharest romania6 sofia bulgaria7 brno czech republic8 budapest hungary9 kraków poland10 bratislava slovakia

top 10 EaSTERn EuRopEan CITIES RANK city couNtRy 1 london uk2 reading uk3 cambridge uk4 Dublin Ireland5 stockholm sweden6 edinburgh uk7 copenhagen Denmark8 glasgow uk9 bristol uk10 oslo norway

top 10 noRThERn EuRopEan CITIES

RANK city couNtRy 1 barcelona spain2 Madrid spain3 lisbon portugal4 Istanbul turkey5 valencia spain6 Milan Italy7 rome Italy8 bilbao spain9 ljubljana slovenia10 Murcia spain

top 10 SouThERn EuRopEan CITIES RANK city couNtRy 1 paris France2 vienna austria3 Munich germany4 berlin germany5 hamburg germany6 amsterdam netherlands7 zurich switzerland8 brussels belgium9 antwerp belgium10 lyon France

top 10 wESTERn EuRopEan CITIES



Paris is fDi’s leading western European City of the Future

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RANK city couNtRy 1 edinburgh uk2 plymouth uk3 Dundee uk4 bristol uk5 london uk6 glasgow uk7 sheffield uk8 reading uk10= cork Ireland10= liverpool uk

top 10 Fdi StRAtegynoRThERn EuRopE

RANK city couNtRy 1 barcelona spain2 lisbon portugal3 Murcia spain4 valencia spain5 tbilisi georgia6 konya turkey7 santa cruz de tenerife spain8 Jastrebarsko croatia9 gaziantep turkey10 subotica serbia

top 10 Fdi StRAtegy:SouThERn EuRopE

RANK city couNtRy 1 katowice poland2 kraków poland3 lublin poland4 lviv ukraine5 brno czech rep6 warsaw poland7 ostrava czech rep8 poznan poland9 cheb czech rep10 Moscow russia

top 10 Fdi StRAtegy:EaSTERn EuRopE

RANK city couNtRy 1 berlin germany2 antwerp belgium3 Munich germany4 hamburg germany5 leipzig germany6 bordeaux France7 grenoble France8 lyon France9 vienna austria10 nuremberg germany

top 10 Fdi StRAtegy:wESTERn EuRopE

Central Berlin illuminated in changing patterns during the annual Festival of Lights in the city, which has been ranked as the best European City of the Future for FDI promotion strategy


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RANK city couNtRy 1 kharkiv ukraine2 Dnipropetrovsk ukraine3 tbilisi georgia4 nizhny novgorod russia5 kazan russia6 rostov-na-Donu russia7 belgrade serbia8 samara russia9 Minsk belarus10 sofia bulgaria

top 10 MAjoR citieS: CoST EFFECTIVEnESS

RANK city couNtRy 1 yaroslavl russia2 odessa ukraine3 lviv ukraine4 chisinau Moldova5 tyumen russia6 vilnius lithuania7 kiev ukraine8 krasnodar russia9 poznan poland10 konya turkey

top 10 lARge citieS: CoST EFFECTIVEnESS

RANK city couNtRy 1 Mykolayiv ukraine2 kaluga russia3 plovdiv bulgaria4 constanta romania5 timisoara romania6 brasov romania7 riga latvia8 tallinn estonia9 Iasi romania10 kaunas lithuania

top 10 SMAll citieS: CoST EFFECTIVEnESS

RANK city couNtRy 1 ternopil ukraine2 berdyansk ukraine3 truskavets ukraine4 pereyaslav- kmelnytsky ukraine5 vranje serbia6 Jelgava latvia7 zajecar serbia8 Drohobych ukraine9 ventspils latvia10 rivne ukraine

top 10 MicRo citieS: CoST EFFECTIVEnESS

The Bridge of Peace over Kura River in Tbilisi, Georgia, which retained its top five position for cost effectiveness in major cities


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RANK city couNtRy 1 vienna austria2 paris France3 london uk4 Munich germany5 copenhagen Denmark6 stockholm sweden7 Dublin Ireland8 brussels belgium9 sofia bulgaria10 Moscow russia

top 10 MAjoR citieS EConomIC poTEnTIaL

RANK city couNtRy 1 oslo norway2 Frankfurt germany3 stuttgart germany4 Düsseldorf germany5 amsterdam netherlands6 helsinki Finland7 gothenburg sweden8 hannover germany9 nuremberg germany10 edinburgh uk

top 10 lARge citieS EConomIC poTEnTIaL

RANK city couNtRy 1 zurich switzerland2 antwerp belgium3 belfast uk4 graz austria5 Malmö sweden6 utrecht netherlands7 lyon France8 bratislava slovakia9 bristol uk10 toulouse France

top 10 SMAll citieS EConomIC poTEnTIaL

RANK city couNtRy 1 luxembourg luxembourg2 stavanger norway3 cambridge uk4 geneva switzerland5 bergen norway6 linz austria7 slough uk8 Monaco France9 shannon Ireland10 basel switzerland

top 10 MicRo citieS EConomIC poTEnTIaL

RANK city couNtRy 1 london uk2 paris France3 Madrid spain4 berlin germany5 stockholm sweden6 Moscow russia7 Istanbul turkey8 barcelona spain9 saint petersburg russia10 brussels belgium

top 10 MAjoR citieS human RESouRCES

RANK city couNtRy 1 oslo norway2 amsterdam netherlands3 helsinki Finland4 valencia spain5 kiev ukraine6 edinburgh uk7 glasgow uk8 gothenburg sweden9 Marseille France10 birmingham uk

top 10 lARge citieS human RESouRCES

RANK city couNtRy 1 zurich switzerland2 utrecht netherlands3 lyon France4 Manchester uk5 cardiff uk6 bilbao spain7 bristol uk8 Montpellier France9 leicester uk10 belfast uk

top 10 SMAll citieS human RESouRCES

RANK city couNtRy 1 oxford uk2 nottingham uk3 Dundee uk4 cambridge uk5 aberdeen uk6 newcastle upon tyne uk7 southampton uk8 cork Ireland9 galway Ireland10 geneva switzerland

top 10 MicRo citieS: human RESouRCES


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RANK city couNtRy 1 paris France2 stockholm sweden3 copenhagen Denmark4 london uk5 Madrid spain6 brussels belgium7 Dublin Ireland8 Munich germany9 hamburg germany10 prague czech rep

top 10 MAjoR citieS QuaLITy oF LIFE

RANK city couNtRy 1 oslo norway2 Frankfurt germany3 amsterdam netherlands4 helsinki Finland5 athens greece6 stuttgart germany7 zaragoza spain8 edinburgh uk9 Düsseldorf germany10 gothenburg sweden

top 10 lARge citieS QuaLITy oF LIFE

RANK city couNtRy 1 zurich switzerland2 utrecht netherlands3 bilbao spain4 Malmö sweden5 toulouse France6 antwerp belgium7 bristol uk8 bratislava slovakia9 genova Italy10 lyon France

top 10 SMAll citieS QuaLITy oF LIFE

RANK city couNtRy 1 Monaco France2 luxembourg luxembourg3 slough uk4 Milton keynes uk5 bergen norway6 piraeus greece7 geneva switzerland8 reading uk9 oxford uk10 cork Ireland

top 10 MicRo citieS QuaLITy oF LIFE

Monte Carlo in the principality of Monaco, which came top for quality of life in micro cities


top 10 MicRo citieS BuSInESS FRIEndLInESS

RANK city couNtRy 1 london uk2 paris France3 stockholm sweden4 copenhagen Denmark5 brussels belgium6 hamburg germany7 vienna austria8 Munich germany9 berlin germany10 barcelona spain

top 10 MAjoR citieS InFRaSTRuCTuRE

RANK city couNtRy 1 rotterdam netherlands2 amsterdam netherlands3 Frankfurt germany4 Düsseldorf germany5 essen germany6 aachen germany7 bremen germany8 gothenburg sweden9 oslo norway10 Marseille France

top 10 lARge citieS InFRaSTRuCTuRE

RANK city couNtRy 1 Duisburg germany2 utrecht netherlands3 liverpool uk4 the hague netherlands5 zurich switzerland6 wolverhampton uk7 Manchester uk8 sheffield uk9 leeds uk10 cardiff uk

top 10 SMAll citieS InFRaSTRuCTuRE

RANK city couNtRy 1 slough uk2 basel switzerland3 reading uk4 Milton keynes uk5 genk belgium6 stoke uk7 Mechelen belgium8 cambridge uk9 reykjavík Iceland10 nottingham uk

top 10 MicRo citieS InFRaSTRuCTuRE

RANK city couNtRy 1 london uk2 Moscow russia3 brussels belgium4 warsaw poland5 prague czech rep6 paris France7 copenhagen Denmark8 stockholm sweden9 bucharest romania10 Dublin Ireland

top 10 MAjoR citieS BuSInESS FRIEndLInESS

RANK city couNtRy 1 amsterdam netherlands2 oslo norway3 Frankfurt germany4 helsinki Finland5 glasgow uk6 gothenburg sweden7 rotterdam netherlands8 Düsseldorf germany9 birmingham uk10 edinburgh uk

top 10 lARge citieS BuSInESS FRIEndLInESS

RANK city couNtRy 1 zurich switzerland2 Manchester uk3 bristol uk4 antwerp belgium5 Malmö sweden6 leicester uk7 bratislava slovakia8 leeds uk9 utrecht netherlands10 coventry uk

top 10 SMAll citieS BuSInESS FRIEndLInESS

RANK city couNtRy 1 cambridge uk2 luxembourg luxembourg3 reading uk4 geneva switzerland5 nottingham uk6 basel switzerland7 newcastle upon tyne uk8 aberdeen uk9 slough uk10 aarhus Denmark


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RANK city couNtRy 1 berlin germany2 Munich germany3 hamburg germany4 barcelona spain5 london uk6 vienna austria7 Dublin Ireland8 warsaw poland9 tbilisi georgia10 Moscow russia

top 10 MAjoR citieS FdI STRaTEgy

RANK city couNtRy 1 edinburgh uk2 leipzig germany3 glasgow uk4 kraków poland5 nuremberg germany6 lviv ukraine7 birmingham uk8 valencia spain9 poznan poland10 konya turkey

top 10 lARge citieS FdI STRaTEgy

RANK city couNtRy 1 antwerp belgium2 plymouth uk3 bristol uk4 lyon France5 katowice poland6 sheffield uk7 liverpool uk8 lublin poland9 lisbon portugal10 Murcia spain

top 10 SMAll citieS FdI STRaTEgy

RANK city couNtRy 1 bordeaux France2 Dundee uk3 grenoble France4 reading uk5 cork Ireland6 eindhoven netherlands7 sunderland uk8 cambridge uk10= linz austria10= galway Ireland

top 10 MicRo citieS FdI STRaTEgy

Munich (above) is ranked second behind Berlin for FDI strategy in major cities, while the Belgian city of Antwerp (left) achieved first place in the small cities category of FDI strategy


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The Sergels Torg in Stockholm, Sweden, which is ranked the

number one region in Europe for FDIRANK RegioN couNtRy 1 greater stockholm sweden2 south-east uk3 copenhagen Denmark4 Ile-de-France France5 scotland uk6 prague czech republic7 nordrhein-westfalen germany8 noord-holland netherlands9 greater Dublin Ireland10 thames valley uk11 greater zurich switzerland12 utrecht netherlands13 northern Ireland uk14 vienna austria15 västsverige sweden16 south-west uk17 brussels capital belgium18 bratislavský kraj slovakia19 catalonia spain20 north-west uk21 bayern germany22 comunidad de Madrid spain23 Isle of Man uk24 kent uk25 central Federal District russia

top 25 RegioNS oVERaLL

RANK RegioN couNtRy 1 nordrhein-westfalen germany2 catalonia spain3 copenhagen Denmark4 comunidad de Madrid spain5 scotland uk6 utrecht netherlands7 northern Ireland uk8 Flanders belgium9 greater stockholm sweden10 wallonia belgium11 kainuu region Finland12 thames valley uk13 val De Marne France14 brabant netherlands15 bretagne France16 Ile-de-France France17 lesser poland poland18 pomurje slovenia19 Isle of Man uk20 emilia-romagna Italy21 bouches Du rhone France in provence22 opolskie poland23 vasterbotten sweden24 greater Manchester uk25 central bohemia region czech republic

top 25 RegioNS FdI STRaTEgy

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Puerta del Sol Square, Madrid, Spain; the Comunidad de Madrid entered the top 10 large regions in the European Cities and Regions of the Future 2012/13 ranking

RANK RegioN couNtRy 1 south-east uk2 Ile-de-France France3 scotland uk4 nordrhein-westfalen germany5 noord-holland netherlands6 south-west uk7 catalonia spain8 north-west uk9 bayern germany10 comunidad de Madrid spain

top 10 lARge RegioNS oVERaLL

RANK RegioN couNtRy 1 greater stockholm sweden2 copenhagen Denmark3 prague czech republic4 greater Dublin Ireland5 thames valley uk6 greater zurich switzerland7 utrecht netherlands8 northern Ireland uk9 vienna austria10 västsverige sweden

top 10 SMAll RegioNS oVERaLL RANK RegioN couNtRy 1 copenhagen Denmark2 utrecht netherlands3 northern Ireland uk4 greater stockholm sweden5 kainuu region Finland6 thames valley uk7 val De Marne France8 pomurje slovenia9 Isle of Man uk10 bouches Du rhone France in provence

top 10 SMAll RegioNS FdI STRaTEgy

RANK RegioN couNtRy 1 nordrhein-westfalen germany2 catalonia spain3 comunidad de Madrid spain4 scotland uk5 Flanders belgium6 wallonia belgium7 brabant netherlands8 bretagne France9 Ile-de-France France10 lesser poland poland

top 10 lARge RegioNS FdI STRaTEgy


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The Czech Republic city of Prague ranked first overall for FDI in eastern European regions

RANK RegioN couNtRy 1 greater stockholm sweden2 south-east uk3 copenhagen Denmark4 scotland uk5 greater Dublin Ireland6 thames valley uk7 northern Ireland uk8 västsverige sweden9 south-west uk10 north-west uk

top 10 NoRtheRN RegioNS oVERaLL

RANK RegioN couNtRy 1 copenhagen Denmark2 scotland uk3 northern Ireland uk4 greater stockholm sweden5 kainuu region Finland6 thames valley uk7 Isle of Man uk8 vasterbotten sweden9 greater Manchester uk10 kent uk

top 10 NoRtheRN RegioNS FdI STRaTEgy

RANK RegioN couNtRy 1 lesser poland poland2 opolskie poland3 central bohemia czech rep4 pilsen region czech rep5 pardubice czech rep6 Metropolis silesia poland7 zaporizhia ukraine8 stara zagora region bulgaria9 tuapsinsky district russia10 greater poland poland

top 10 eASteRN RegioNS FdI STRaTEgy

RANK RegioN couNtRy 1 prague czech rep2 bratislava slovakia3 central Federal District russia4 bucharest romania5 kozep-Magyarorszag hungary6 central bohemia czech rep7 lesser poland poland8 Masovian poland9 Metropolis silesia poland10 pardubice czech rep

top 10 eASteRN RegioNS oVERaLL

RANK RegioN couNtRy 1 catalonia spain2 comunidad de Madrid spain3 andalucia spain4 aragon spain5 emilia-romagna Italy6 asturias spain7 pomurje slovenia8 comunidad valenciana spain9 lazio Italy10 lombardia Italy

top 10 SoutheRN RegioNS oVERaLL

RANK RegioN couNtRy 1 catalonia spain2 comunidad de Madrid spain3 pomurje slovenia4 emilia-romagna Italy5 asturias spain6 canary Islands spain7 split-Dalmatia county croatia8 attica greece9 east Macedonia greece10 castilla-la Mancha spain

top 10 SoutheRN RegioNS FdI STRaTEgy





The Ile-de-France region, comprised mostly of the Paris metropolitan area,

leads the way for FDI in western regions

Düsseldorf is the capital of Nordrhein-Westfalen, which is ranked first for FDI

strategy in western regionsRANK RegioN couNtRy 1 Ile-de-France France2 nordrhein-westfalen germany3 noord-holland netherlands4 greater zurich switzerland5 utrecht netherlands6 vienna austria7 brussels capital belgium8 bayern germany9 baden-württemberg germany10 Flanders belgium

top 10 weSteRN RegioNS oVERaLL

RANK RegioN couNtRy 1 nordrhein-westfalen germany2 utrecht netherlands3 Flanders belgium4 wallonia belgium5 val De Marne France6 brabant netherlands7 bretagne France8 Ile-de-France France9 bouches Du rhone France in provence*Only nine western regions entered

top weSteRN RegioNS FdI STRaTEgy*

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Greater Dublin is the region ranked first for economic potential among European regions

RANK RegioN couNtRy 1 greater Dublin Ireland2 greater zurich switzerland3 greater stockholm sweden4 noord-holland netherlands5 vienna austria6 karlsruhe technology germany region7 copenhagen Denmark8 prague czech rep9 Ile-de-France France10 thames valley uk

top 10 RegioNS EConomIC poTEnTIaL

RANK RegioN couNtRy 1 Ile-de-France France2 central Federal District russia3 south-east uk4 scotland uk5 nordrhein-westfalen germany6 greater stockholm sweden7 baden-württemberg germany8 bayern germany9 thames valley uk10 brussels capital belgium

top 10 RegioNS human RESouRCES

RANK RegioN couNtRy 1 greater stockholm sweden2 Ile-de-France France3 greater zurich switzerland4 comunidad de Madrid spain5 utrecht netherlands6 navarra spain7 copenhagen Denmark8 brussels capital belgium9 val De Marne France10 yvelines France

top 10 RegioNS QuaLITy oF LIFE

RANK RegioN couNtRy 1 bucharest-Ilfov romania2 Indjija serbia3 sremska Mitrovica serbia4 vojvodina serbia5 shumsk ukraine6 ternopil ukraine7 Mohyliv-podilskyi ukraine8 transcarpathia ukraine9 lviv region ukraine10 kharkiv region ukraine

top 10 RegioNS CoST EFFECTIVEnESS


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RANK RegioN couNtRy 1 south-east uk2 västsverige sweden3 scotland uk4 greater stockholm sweden5 noord-holland netherlands6 hessen germany7 copenhagen Denmark8 bayern germany9 nordrhein-westfalen germany10 Flanders belgium

top 10 RegioNS InFRaSTRuCTuRE

RANK RegioN couNtRy 1 prague czech rep2 greater stockholm sweden3 south-east uk4 greater zurich switzerland5 brussels capital belgium6 noord-holland netherlands7 copenhagen Denmark8 nordrhein-westfalen germany9 utrecht netherlands10 bratislava slovakia

top 10 RegioNS BuSInESS FRIEndLInESS

Belfort and Statue of Pieter de Coninck and Jan Breidel at The Markt in Bruges, Flanders, which achieved a top 10 place in the infrastructure ranking





Sofia, Bulgaria, was ranked joint first with Minsk for gross domestic product growth in cities in 2008

citieS: liFe expectANcy (ScoRe out oF 10)

citieS: NuMBeR oF uNiveRSity StudeNtS (ScoRe out oF 10)

citieS: totAl gReeNField Fdi pRojectS (ScoRe out oF 10)

citieS: lABouR FoRce with teRtiARy educAtioN (ScoRe out oF 10)

citieS: uNeMployMeNt RAte FiRSt QuARteR oF 2011 (ScoRe out oF 10)

0 2 4 6 8 10

GREATER DUBLIN

BRATISLAVA

PRAGUE

BRUSSELS

BUCHAREST

RegioNS: Fdi pRojectS peR 100,000 people (ScoRe out oF 10)

economic potential• population growth rate• Forecast gDp growth rate (2011-15)• gDp per capita (2008)• gDp per capita growth rate (2005-08)• unemployment rate (2011)• unemployment change (2008-10)• as source city, number of green-

field FDI projects per 100,000 population (Jan 2003 to aug 2011)

• as destination city, number of greenfield FDI projects per 100,000 population (Jan 2003 to aug 2011)

• as destination city, number of greenfield FDI projects in r&D (Jan 2003 to aug 2011)

• as destination city, number of greenfield FDI projects in manu-facturing (Jan 2003 to aug 2011)

• number of mega projects (capex of more than £100m)

• number of mega projects (more than 1000 jobs)

• total number of patents granted by the uspto (Jan 2003 to Dec 2010)

• r&D intensity • global competitiveness Index

(2011-12)• Inflation (2011)

cost effectiveness• average annual salary for an

unskilled worker (€)• average annual salary for a

semi-skilled worker (€) •Averageannualsalaryforaskilled

worker (€)• average yearly office rent for a

prime city-centre location (€ per square metre)1

• average yearly rent for a factory/industrial unit in a prime location (€ per square metre)1

• cost of electricity (€ per kwh)• rate for a four-star hotel in

city-centre location (€)• petrol prices (€ per litre)• Minimum wage (€ per month)• cost of registering property (%

of property value)• cost to export ($ per container)

judgiNg cRiteRiA • cost to import ($ per container)• cost of establishing a business

(% of income per capita)• corporation tax rate • value-added tax

human ResouRces• labour force• unemployment rate (2011)• number of higher education

institutions• total number of university

students as a % of total population• top 500 universities• labour force with tertiary

education (%)• brain drain (2011)

Quality of life•Lifeexpectancy•Infantmortality•Numberofdoctorsper1000

population •Labourforcewithtertiary

education (%) •Incomepercapita(2008)

infRastRuctuRe•Uploadspeed(kb/s)•Downloadspeed(kb/s)•Numberofairportsservingcity•Distancetonearestinternational

airport•Numberofinternational

destinations served•Sizeoflocalport(ifapplicable)•Cargovolumethroughlocalport

(tonnes)•Containertrafficthroughlocalport

(teu)•LogisticsPerformanceIndex•NetworkReadinessIndex•EnvironmentalPerformanceIndex•ICTDevelopmentIndex

Business fRienDliness•Numberofcompaniesinhigh-tech

manufacturing (2011)•Numberofcompaniesinhigh-tech

services (2011)•Numberofcompaniesinthe

knowledge-based sector (2011)•Numberofcompaniesinhigh-tech

manufacturing per 100,000

population (2011)•Numberofcompaniesinhigh-tech

services per 100,000 population (2011)

•Numberofcompaniesintheknowledge based sector per 100,000 population (2011)

•Estimatednumberofjobscreatedby FDI (Jan 2003 to aug 2011)

•Top1000WorldBanks(the banker)•Daystakentostartabusiness•Firingcosts(weeksofsalary)•EaseofDoingBusinessIndex•StrengthofInvestorProtection

Index•EconomicFreedomIndex•CorruptionPerceptionIndex•CreditRating(S&P)•Changeincreditrating(2010-11)•EuromoneyCountryRiskscore

fDi pRomotion stRategy •Numberofstaffdedicatedto

promoting and facilitating inward investment

•Keyinitiativesthatarebeingimplemented to attract more investment

•Informationonhighgrowthsectors/sub-sectors in the city which offer excellent potential for inward investment

•Descriptionofincentiveswhich are available to inward investors, outlining where possible the typical size of incentives

•High-profile,world-classproperty/sites available in the city suitable for investors to move into, with basic information on each property if available

note: Information collected by fDi benchmark except for final criteria – this was provided by the cities and assessed by the judging panel. Data is latest available when no year provided.1Data not considered in regional ranking

judgiNg pANel

fDi Cities and Regions of the Future shortlists were created from an independ-ent collection of data by fDi Benchmark across 253 European cities and 110 European regions. This information was set under six categories: economic p o t e n t i a l , h u m a n resources, cost effective-ness, quality of life, infra-structure and business friendliness. A seventh cat-egory was added to the scoring – FDI promotion strategy. In this category,

73 European cities and 60 regions submitted details about their promotion strategy and this was judged and scored by the independent judging panel.

Cities and regions scored up to a maximum of 10 points under each indi-vidual criterion, which were weighted by impor-tance to give the overall scores. Where data was available at a national rather than city or regional level, a lower weighting was generally applied.

categories■ Major cities (population of more than 1 million)■ Large cities (population of between 500,000 and 1 million)■ Small cities (population of between 250,000 and 500,000)■ Micro cities (population of less than 250,000)■ Large regions (popula-tion of more than 250,000)■ Small regions (popula-tion of up to 250,000)

Methodology

82 october/november 2007



lAuReNt SANSoucy Director, oco global

gRÁiNNe ByRNesenior research analyst, fDi Intelligence

juliA MiKeRovAIndependent FDI consultant

SteeN RoSeNFAlcKManaging partner,Miller rosenfalck

MichAel cReAMeRpartner,cushman & wakefield

douglAS clARKDirector, location connections

Documents

European Cities and Regions of the Future 2012 ... - Karlsruhe