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1eTs]sf] 3/M rs]{sf] dg

eTs]sf] 3/M rs]{sf] dg -e"sDk kLl8t afnaflnsfsf] ef]ufO{ / cg'ejdf cfwfl/t afn;[lht lgaGw_

OGx'/]8 OG6/g]zgn

2 eTs]sf] 3/M rs]{sf] dg

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k|sfzs

OGx'/]8 OG6/g]zgn kf]=a=g+= !@^*$, sf7df8f}+

PsfGts'gf /f]8, egLd08n, nlntk'/ kmf]g g+=M %%@))%$, km\ofS;M %%@))$@ Od]nM [email protected]

j]e;fO6M www.inhuredinternational.org

inhured international INHUREDInternational


eTs]sf] 3/M rs]{sf] dg

@)&@ ;fn j}zfv !@ ut] g]kfndf uPsf] dxfljgfzsf/L e"sDksf] k|ToIf cg'ej afnaflnsfn] ;a}eGbf a9L ug{k'u] . afnaflnsfn] of] eGbf klxnf olt 7"nf] e"sDksf] dx;'; slxn] ug'{ k/]sf] lyPg . afndl:tisdf e"sDk kl5sf] cg'ej / ef]ufO{ s:tf] /x\of] < p4f/ / /fxt ljt/0fb]lv k"glg{df{0fsf r/0f;Dd cfOk'Ubf pgLx?sf] cg'ej s] /x\of], ;fdflhs ljkb\sf] ;Daf]wg lsg h?/L 5 < ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf] ;jfndf afnaflnsfx?df s:tf] cg'ej 5 nufotsf ljljw ljifodf afndGygsf nflu OGx'/]8 OG6/g]zgnåf/f ^* cf}+ cGt/f{li6«o dfgj clwsf/ lbj;sf] pknIodf e"sDk k|efljt lhNnfx?dWo] dsjfgk'/, uf]vf{, wflbË, /;'jf, g'jfsf]6, sfe|]knf~rf]s, l;Gw'kfNrf]s, bf]nvf, /fd]5fk, l;Gw'nL, cf]vn9'+uf / ;f]n'v'Dj' lhNnfdf lhNnf :t/Lo cGt/–ljBfno lgaGw k|ltof]lutf ;DkGg ul/Psf] lyof] . ækfnaf6 g]kfn x]bf{Æ, æk|sf]k, /fxt / cfxtÆ, æljkb\ / lj:yfkgsf] JoyfÆ, æeTs]sf] 3/ / rs]{sf] dgÆ, ækm]l/ z"Goaf6 ;'? ubf{Æ, æljkb\n] hGdfPsf] hfu/0fÆ, ælgw{g / lgdf{0fsf] lg0f{oÆ u/L ;ftj6f dWo]af6 Ps zLif{sdf lgaGw n]Vg afnaflnsfx?nfO{ pTk|]l/t ul/Psf] lyof] . b'O{ 306fleqdf @%) zAbdf ga9fO{, s'g} lsl;dsf lstfj jf cGo ;fdu|Lsf] ;xof]u glnO{, cfkm\gf ef]ufO{, l;sfO{ / cg'ejx?nfO{ lgaGwdfkm{t\ phfu/ ug{ cfu|x ul/Psf] lyof] . !@ lhNnfsf hDdf #$% hgf ljBfyL{n] efu lnPsf] pQm k|ltof]lutfdf !(( lszf]/L / !$^ lszf]/ ljBfyL{ ;xefuL ePsf lyP . x/]s lhNnfaf6 #÷# hgfnfO{ 5gf}6 u/L /fli6«o :t/df efu lng] cj;/ k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . k|To]s lhNnfaf6 # hgfsf b/n] 5gf}6 u/L #^ hgfsf] lgaGw s]Gb|df k7fOPsf] lyof] . lhNnfaf6 cfPsf #^ j6f lgaGwaf6 klxnf], bf];|f] / t];|f] 5'6\ofpg' kg]{ ePsfn] ;+:yfn] s]Gb|df sfg'g Joj;foL, k|fWofks Pj+ ljifo lj1x? ;lxtsf] ^ hgfsf] h'/L ;b:oåf/f #^ hgf dWo] # hgfnfO{ klxnf], bf];|f] / t];|f] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] lyof] . afnaflnsfx?sf] xf};nf clej[l4 ug]{ p2]Zon] k|ltof]lutfdf k|yd, bf];|f] / t];|f] x'g]nfO{ sf7df8f}+df cfdGq0f u/L Ps j[xt ;df/f]xdfkm{t\ pgLx?nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . ;DdfggLo ;efd'v cf]G;/L 3tL{ du/sf] k|d'v cfltYodf ;DkGg


sfo{qmddf k|yd x'g]nfO{ !% xhf/, bf];|f] x'g]nfO{ !) xhf/ / t];|f] x'g]nfO{ % xhf/ gub tyf k|df0fkq ;efd'vs} xftaf6 ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . o;}aLr, lhNnfaf6 5flgPsf #÷# hgf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ hgxL @ xhf/ gub k'/:sf/ / k|df0fkq ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . k|:t't k':tsdf ;d]l6Psf ljrf/x? afnaflnsfx?sf] k|ToIf ef]ufO, l;sfO{, cg'ej / kL8fx?sf] ;+sng xf] . afnaflnsfx?sf] cfkm\g} /rgf / l;h{gf ePsf sf/0f ;+:yfn] pxfFx?sf] l;h{gfnfO{ h:tfsf] t:t} 5fkL ;d"bfo tyf ljBfno;Dd k'¥ofO afn–l;h{gfsf] ;Ddfg tyf ;+:yfut u/L ;zlQms/0f ub}{ n}hfg' /x]sf] 5 . kf7sx?n] kl9/xFbf k':tsdf w]/} s'/f p:t} kfpg ;Sg'x'G5 eg] sltko cj:yfdf tYof+s / n]vgdf ;d]t q'6L km]nf kfg{ ;Sg' x'G5 t/ afn–l;h{gf ePsf sf/0f xfdLn] pxfFx?sf] x:tlnkLnfO{ s]jn sDKo"6/ 6fOk u/L k|sfzg u/]sf 5f}+ . of] k':ts ;xefuL afnaflnsfx?sf] xftdf ;d]t hfg] x'Fbf xfd|f ljrf/ ;+:yfn] tf]8df]8 u/]5 eGg] cg'ej u/L ;xefuL afnaflnsfdf vNnf]kg ;d]t gxf];\ eGg] p2]Zon] klg afnl;lh{t ljrf/x?nfO{ h:tfsf] t:t} 5fKg] k|ToGg u/]sf 5f}+ . cfzf 5 kf7sx?sf] cWoogkl5 yk ;'wf/sf] df}sf ;bfem}+ lbg'x'g]5 . cGtdf, lgaGwdf efu lnO{ cfkm\gf] l;h{gf k|:km'l6t ug'{x'g] ;Dk"0f{ ;xefuL efOalxgLk|lt xfdL s[t1tf JoQm ub{5f}+ . sfo{qmdnfO{ ;kmntfk"j{s ;DkGg ug{ ;xof]u ug'{x'g] OGx'/]8 lhNnf tyf ufpF ;Dks{ clws[t, h'/L ;b:o, ljBfno kl/jf/b]lv k|ToIf jf k/f]If ?kdf ;xof]u ug'{x'g] ;a}k|lt xflb{s wGojfb 1fkg ug{ rfxG5f}+ . k':ts tof/Ls} qmddf dfubz{g k|wfg u/L ljleGg ;'emfj / k[i7kf]if0f k|wfg ug]{ s?0ff–;]r]gsf lkmN8 ck|/]zg 8fO/]S6/ ;l~hj k|wfg, OGx'/]8 OG6/g]zgnsf, dxf;lrj ljb'/ k|;fb clwsf/L, sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs >Lhgf kf]v/]n, ;'lbk nfld5fg], cf:yf sfsL{, nfSkf nfdf, kf;fË z]kf{, cf:yf g]kfn, ;'lznf lnDa', ladnf zfxL, ;/f]h km'ofFn, clgtf bfxfn / d}of dxh{g Pjd\ s?0ff–;]r]gk|lt ljz]if cfef/ k|s6 ub{5f}+ . wGojfb Û

8f= uf]kfn s[i0f l;jfsf]6L cWoIf


ljifo ;"rL

!= kL/, zf]s / kL8fnfO{ zlQmdf abNg' 5 !

@= eTs]sf] 3/ / rs]{sf] dg #

#= w/x/f ;Fu;Fu} g]kfnLsf] dg} 9Nof] %

$= x]bf{x]b}{ kfnsf] af; &

%= rs]{sf] dgdf dNxd nfUg ;s]g (

^= e"sDkn] w]/}nfO{ ljkGg agfof] !!

&= e"sDksf] sDkg cem} ofb cfO/xG5 !#

*= ;fd"lxs d]nldnfksf] efjgf hufof] !$

(= e"sDk k|lt/f]wL 3/ agfpg'k5{ !^

!)= ;'Gb/ hLjgnfO{ z"Godf k'¥ofof] !*

!!= ;'/IffsdL{sf] ;xof]un] w]/}sf] p4f/ eof] @!

!@= kfnaf6 g]kfn x]bf{ @#

!#= ef}lts / dfgl;s b'a} Iflt @%

!$= ;a}nfO{ kfnd"gL nu]/ 5fl8lbof] @&

!%= hgwgsf] Iflt x'Fbf s;sf] dg rs{b}g / < #)

!^= e"sDkn] 3/ / dg b'a} Ps} k6s rsf{of] #@

!&= g]kfndf h'g;'s} a]nf klg k|sf]ksf] l;h{gf x'g;S5 #%

!*= 9f]s}df RoflkFbf #&

!(= k|sf]kM cfxt / /fxt #(

@)= ljkb\n] hGdfPsf] hfu/0f $!

@!= ljkb\kl5sf] hfu/0f $#

@@= ljkb\sf] a]nf ;a} Psh'6 x'g'k5{ $%

@#= ljkb\ gk/L hfu/0sf] hGd gx'Fbf] /x]5 $&

@$= e"sDkn] Jofks ;r]tgf hufof] $(

@%= hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fnfO{ Jofks agfOg'k5{ %)

@^= zf/Ll/s / dfgl;s b'a} Iflt x'g;S5 %!

@&= ljkb\ / lj:yfkgsf] Joyf %$


@*= ljkb\ / lj:yfkg %&

@(= xfdL w]/}sf] hLjg pynk'yn ePsf] 5 %(

#)= hLjge/Lsf] ldlxg]t Ps ldg]6d} ;vfk ^)

#!= v'Nnf cfsfzd'gLsf] a;f]af; ;fFRr} bogLo lyof] ^@

#@= ljrNnL ef]Ug'k¥of] ^$ ##= kfn g} ;fgf] 3/ eof] ^^

#$= k|sf]kM /fxt / cfxt ^*

#%= d'n's kL8f g} kL8fn] el/of] &)

#^= kLl8tsf] dg emg\ rs]{sf] 5 &@


kL/, zf]s / kL8fnfO{ zlQmdf abNg' 5

– cln;f vgfn >L lj1fg dfWolds ljBfnoÙ nRofË, g'jfsf]6

elgG5, hLjg b'Mv / ;'vsf] ;lDd>0f xf], clg cg'ej jf

cg'e"ltsf] ;Fufnf] xf] . hLjgsf x/]s ofqfdf xfdLn] xfF;f] /

/f]bgsf] kfOnf rfn]sf x'G5f}+ . sltko If0fn] xfdLnfO{

;u/dfyfdflysf] t]lGhª agfpF5 eg] sltko If0fn] xfdL xf/]sf] l;kfxL dx;'';

u/L k'k'{/f]df xft /fvL cf]OnfpFb5f}+ .

hLjgnfO{ km'?Ë agfpg] ljleGg sf/s tTjdWo] dg klg Ps /x]5 . ;kmntf

/ k|flKt clg cfgGbsf] aLrdf xfdL ;Ltf s'df/LnfO{ dftf ;Ltf b]V5f}+,

/fdaxfb'/nfO{ eujfg\ /fd b]V5f}+, n]pm nfu]sf] cfFugnfO{ gGbg

-:ju{sf] au}Frf_ b]V5f}+ clg em'k8LnfO{ dxn b]V5f}+ t/ cf]OlnPsf] km"nh:tf]

x[bo lzlyn alglbFbf gGbgdf cK;/fsf] g t g[To b]lvG5 g t z[ª\ufl/tf g} .

k|;ª\u eTs]sf] 3/ / rs]{sf] dgsf] . ;DemG5', rf/ hgf ;b:osf] Pp6f kl/jf/–

Ps afa', cfdf, 5f]/f / 5f]/L . 5f]/L lstfasfkLsf] dflns eP tfklg rd{hl8t

rd{n] dfnL / auF}rfsf] km"nh:tf] ;DaGw / Jojxf/ b]lvGYof] . zfGt, ;f]emf],

zfg;lxt ;Lwf;fwf cfbz{jfg hLjg xfd|f] kl/jf/ ufpFs} Pp6f gd"gf lyof] . d

;DemG5' a'jfn] hLjgel/sf] ;kgf ;fsf/ kfg]{ / kl/jf/sf] v';LnfO{ k|uf9 kfg]{

;kgf b]Vb} ufpFs} Pp6f v]t a]rL gofF 3/ agfpg' ePsf] lyof] . xfd|f] klxrfg

km]l/Psf] lyof] . d kl/jf/sf] v';Ldf u}/L v]tsf] la5f]8sf] kL8f b]lVbgF . dg

To;}To;} l;dsf] e"jfh:tf] p8]sf] efg x'GYof] . alxgL / d ljBfnoaf6 kms]{kl5

x/]s lbg sf]7fsf]7f rxfYof}+, plk|mGYof}+, n'sfdf/L v]NYof}+ . cfdf xfd|f] afn;'ne

lqmofsnfk b]v]/ d';'d';' xfF:g'x'GYof] t/ of] v';L c;kmn kl/0ffd dfq /x]5 .


;'g]sL lyPF, dfgj hLjg s'dfn]sf] rqmh:tf] xf] . oxL ljwfgnfO{ k5\ofpFb}

;+xf/stf{ sfn?kL /fIf;sf] csf]{ cjtf/ e"sDk agL ufpF, ;x/ / l;ª\u} b]zel/

8'Nof], h;af6 d]/f] 3/ n'Sg ;s]g, l5Kg ;s]g / efUg ;s]g .

Tof] lbg Tof] If0f dlxiff;'/sf] emfk8em}+ lrnsf] emD6fOem}+ clg lu4sf] jqm gh/em}+

lyof] . d dx;'''; ul//x]sL 5' . 3/;Fu} jfa'cfdfsf] ;kgf 9Nof], alxgL / d]/f]

eljio 9Nof], u}/Lv]t 9Nof], d'6'h:tf] /f]Hhf v]t 9Nof] .

;j{q b'Mv / kL8fsf] ah|kft cfOnfu]sf] 5 . sltsf] l;pFbf] k'l5of] t sltsf]

sfv vf]l;of] t sltsf] cFufnf] l/lQof] . d]/f] kl/jf/sf] t kl;gf / p2]Zo

dfq=== . oxL ;f]rsf ;fy dg bx|f] agfpg vf]HyF], kl/jf/sf] 6]Sg] nf}/L aGgsf

nflu t/ eTs]sf] 3/;Fu} rs]{sf] d]/f] dg cfh;Dd hf]l8Psf] 5}g . ha

dxfljgfzsf/L e"sDk ;DemG5' ta d]/f] r~rn] cfFvf l:y/ eO{ cl8G5 . af]nL

n/a/fpF5 . kf/vL kfv'/f zlStxLg eO{ v'DrG5 .

36gf ;DemG5'– ?G5', s/fpF5' lrRofpF5' clg Psl5g 3f]lTnG5' . d]/f] d'vaf6

cgfof;} cfjfh lg:sG5, z"Gotfd} hLjgsf] cl:tTj vf]Hg' 5 . kL/, zf]s /

kL8fnfO{ zlQmdf abNg' 5 . eTs]sf] 3/ agpg' 5 . rs]{sf] dg hf]8\g' 5 .

of]hgfsf lap /f]Kg' 5 .


eTs]sf] 3/ / rs]{sf] dg – Pln; ;'g'jf/ -a'9fyf]sL_ >L j?0f]Zj/ df=lj=, /fdk'/, cf]vn9'Ëf

zflGtsf] ;f; km]/]/ :jfledfg r'NofpFb} cfTduf}/jsf] em08f km/km/fpg] /x/ ;a}df x'G5 . cfly{s pGglt / k|fjlws tyf j}1flgs rdTsf/af6 kx/fdf df]6/ u'8fpg] / lxdfndf hxfh p8fpg] /x/ af]s]sf k|ultzLn g]kfnL o'jf ljBfyL{sf 3/ eTs]sf] 5 eg] nfvf}+ ;'sf]dn dgx? rls{Psf 5g\ . eTs]sf 3/ eGgfn] cfˆgf] af;:yfgsf] dfq ;ª\s'lrt cy{ geP/ l;ª\uf] u0ftflGqs /fHo g]kfnnfO{ hgfpF5 . ;'s[ltsf] 7fpFdf ljs[ltn] jf; eO{ zflGtsf] dlGb/df czflGt / a]lyltx? lelqFb} hfFbf g]kfn cfdfsf] lbndf rf]6 k'U5, dg rls{G5 . rs]{sf] dgnfO{ dndk6\6L nufpg' Pstf, d}qL, ;b\efj, ;lxi0f'tf, lbuf] ljsf; tyf hftLo pTyfgdf nugzLn x'g' xfdL ;a}sf] st{Jo xf] . dg eg]s} ;'Gb/ ;+;f/ lrofpg] leqL cfFvf xf] . sd{sf] d"No ga'em\g]n] dfgjLo d"NodfGotf u'dfpF5 eg]em}+ /fi6«, /fli6«otf :jtGqtf / hftLo klxrfg ga'em\g] g]t[Tjn] cfTdfsf] Odfgbf/LnfO{ etfe'Ë agfOlbG5 . cfTdz'l4df eGbf z/L/ z'l4df a9L dxTj lbg]x? eTs]sf] 3/nfO{ gofF k|ljlwAff6 k'glg{df{0f ug]{ eGbf pgLx? eG8f/ vg]/ /Iffg k'g]{ tv{/df 5g\ . pgLx? cfˆgf] ckl/kSj bz{g 5fF6\5g\ . dxfgu/Lo ;Eotfdf d'v ld7\ofOPsf dlyª\un / l;+xb/af/df a;]/ agfPsf kmfOnleqsf of]hgfn] eTs]sf em'k8Lx? slxNo} xfF:b}gg\, /dfpFb}gg\ . tL ;a} ;Tosf] k|of]u w/ftndf cg'e"lt x'g'k5{, /utdf ;NaNofpg' k5{ / d'6'df /;fpg'k5{ . xfd|f] b]zsf] Joj:yfdf gjLs/0f x'g g]tfd'vL xf]Og hgtfd'vL gLlt lgdf{0f x'g'k5{ . o;f] x'g g;s] tLg s/f]8 rs]{df dgx?n] eTs]sf 3/ lgdf{0fsf] rsf]{ gf/f nufpg]5g\ . xfd|f] b]zdf zf;g ug]{ zf;s ju{n] Tolta]nf eoª\s/ r'gf}tLsf] ;fdgf ug'{kg]{ ;S5 . lj=;+ @)&@ ;fn j}zfv !@÷!# / @( ut] uPsf] ljgfzsf/L e"sDkn] g]kfnL hgtfsf] 3/dfq geP/ ;+;f/} elTsPsf] h:tf] cg'e"lt x'g k'Uof] . ufF;, af; / skf;sf] ;d:ofn] lk/f]n]/ tLg s/f]8 rs]{sf dgx? ;ft ;d'b| pn]{h:tf] ePsf] cg'e"lt ul///x]sf 5g\ eg] lrGtfsf] /fkn] ;ftcf]6f ;"o{sf] tfkn] ttfPh:tf]


eO/x]sf 5g\ . e"sDksf] rf]6 afpGg xG8/ / lqkGg 7Ss/eGbf a9L dd{:kzL{ 5 . ;/sf/L /a}of / g]tfx?sf] dgkf]nL rl/qn] lx6n/n] ox'bLx?nfO{ ;tfPsf] h:t} dfgjLo ;+j]bgfljxLg 5 . cefj, clzIff / ul/aLsf] rk]6fdf k/]sfx? eTs]sf] 3/df u'hf/f ug{ afWo 5g\ lsgeg] ægvfpmF eg] lbgel/sf] l;sf/ vfpFm eg] sfG5f afa'sf] cg'xf/Æ eGg] pvfgh:t} 5 . eTs]sf] 3/df a;]/ rs]{sf] dg;Fu /dfOnf] ug'{ / uGtJotkm{ nDsg' eg]sf] cfuf]sf] kf]v/Ldf 8'a'NsL df/]/ g'xfpg'h:t} xf] . of] o'u cfzf, e/f];f / ljZjf;af6 6fl9Fb} 5 . d'n's a]lyltsf] rk]6fdf k/]sf] 5 / x/]s ;/f]sf/jfnfx? lhDd]jf/Laf6 pbf;Lg 5g\ . gofF gLlt lgdf{0fdf rNg] xf] eg] em'k8Ldf a;f]af; ug]{ ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfsf] cfjfhnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/lbg'k5{ . g]tfsf] /fhgLlt b]z / hgtfsf] enfOdf x'g'k5{ . o;nfO{ ;]jf dfGg'k5{ k]jf xf]Og . b]zsf ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfsf] hLjg:t/ p7fpg] of]hgfsf] th'{df u/]/ /fHosf] ah]6 ;b'kof]u ug'{, ;/sf/, ;Qf / eQfdf eGbf b]z / hgtfsf] enfOdf ;lqmo /xg' ;gftg wd{ / cf:yfdfly s'7f/f3ft cfpg] sfd gug]{ xf] eg] eTs]sf] 3/ / rs]{sf] dg zflGtsf] cfnf]sdf ;lhg]5 . ;a} rs]{sf dgx? cfˆgf eTs]sf 3/nfO{ k'glg{df{0f ub}{5g\ / xlNnPsf] g]kfn km]l/ cfˆg} cj:yfdf cfpg]5 . ljZjsf] bf];|f] 7"nf] hn;|f]tsf] wgL b]z g]kfnsf hgtfn] ljb]zL kfgL lsg]/ vfg', zflGtsf b"t uf}td a'4sf] b]zdf czflGtn] v'6\6f] 3'dfpg', ;/sf/n] ljb]zL O;f/fdf sfd ug{ wd{, ;+:s[lt / ;b\efjgf vnalng' g} eTs]sf] 3/ xf] . ælau|]sf] dfG5]sf] eTs]sf] 3/, lau|]kl5 s]sf] 8/ <Æ eGg] pvfgnfO{ lz/f]k/ ug{ vf]Hbf ;a} dgx? rls{G5g\, ljZjf; / cf:yf e8\lsG5g\, JolQm / ;dfh tls{G5 . /fi6«sf nflu gfusl/sn] s]xL lbg'k5{ . lbgsf nflu hLjg xf] eGg] b[9 c7f]6sf ;fy cufl8 a9\g'k5{ . lhDd]jf/ kIfsf] cfFvf vf]Ng'k5{ . ta dfq eTs]sf] 3/ rs]{sf] dg ;'Gb/ gd'gfsf ?kdf ?kfGtl/t x'g]5 . ;j]{ ejGt' ;'lvgM sf] d"n cfzonfO{ ;jf]{kl/ dxTTj lbg'k5{ . x[bodf Odfgbf/L / sfFwdf lhDd]jf/L af]w x'g] xf] eg] ;'Gb/ ;+;f/ x]g]{ / gofF ljZj/ª\ud~r ;hfpg] dg rls{g' x'Fb}g . ;a}df æz'ed\ ejGTf' sNof0fd\Æ sf] ;femf efjgf x'g'k5{ . tadfq eTs]sf] 3/ / rs]{sf] dg ;'Gb/jfl6sfdf ;dfof]lht x'g]5 .


w/x/f ;Fu;Fu} g]kfnLsf] dg} 9Nof] – ljho tfdfª >L jfn]Zj/ dfWolds ljBfno, s]?ª ^, ;f]n'v'Da'

@)&@ j}zfv !@, !# / @( ut]sf] zlQmzfnL dxfe"sDk / To;kl5sf] nuftf/ eO/x]sf k/fsDksf sf/0f g]kfnsf #! j6f lhNnfsf] hghLjg lgs} si6s/ aGof] . !$ lhNnfnfO{ ;/sf/n] e"sDkaf6 k"0f{ k|efljt lhNnfsf] ;"rLdf /fv]sf] 5 . uf]/vf lhNnfsf] jf/kfs s]Gb|ljGb' eP/ uPsf] e"sDkn] w]/} g]kfnLsf] eTsfPsf] 3/ / rsf{Psf] dgsf] 3fp lgsf] ePsf] 5}g . o; ljifd kl/l:yltnfO{ ;xh agfpg b]zljb]zsf ljleGg ;ª\3;+:yf / cGt/f{li6«o lgsfon] ;xof]u ul//x]sf 5g\ t/ g]kfndf ;/sf/ 5f]6f] ;dodf kl/jt{g eO/xg] ePsfn] bnx¿ Pscsf{nfO{ bf]iff/f]k/0f u/]/ ;do latfpg lqmofzLn eP . e"sDkn] xhf/f}+ 3/kl/jf/nfO{ larNnLdf kf/]sf] 5 . s}of}+ dflg;x? cfkmGt u'dfPsf] ulx/f] rf]6 ;xFb} a;]sf 5g\ . e"sDkn] b]zsf ljleGg 7fpFdf 7"nf7"nf ef}lts ;+/rgf / nfvf}+ dflg;sf 3/ IftljIft agfof] . ;/sf/n] tL ;a} ;+/rgfsf] k'glg{df{0f ug{ k'glg{df{0f k|flws/0f u7g u/]sf] 5 t/ k'glg{df{0f sfo{ ;':t x'Fbf xfn;Dd e"sDk kLl8tsf] dgdf dNxdk6\6L nfu]sf] 5}g . dxfe"sDkn] w]/} dflg;sf] xhf/fF} ;kgf / v';L vf]];]sf] 5 . w]/} dflg;sf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . e"sDksf sf/0f w]/}n] cfˆgf afj'cfdf u'dfPsf 5g\ . cfkmGtx? u'dfPsf 5g\ . w]/}h;f]sf] 3/ eTs]/ larNnLdf k/]sf 5g\ . g]kfnLsf] o:tf] cj:yf ljZjsf ljleGg ldq /fi6«x?, w]/} pksf/L JolQm / cGo bft[ lgsfox?n] ;xof]usf xft km}nfP . b]zsf] sdhf]/ k|zf;sLo Joj:yf, l9nf;':tL, g]tfx?sf] nfk/jfxL / kIfkftj"0f{ Jojxf/sf sf/0f cem} klg jf:tljs e"sDkkLl8tn] /fxt kfPsf 5}gg\ . To;f] t, o:tf] cj:yfdf ;/sf/n] ;xof]u gu/]sf] t x}g t/ ;Dk"0f{ kLl8tnfO{ ;d]6\g ;Sg] ;+oGq agfpg eg] ;s]sf] 5}Gf . b]zsf] o:tf] cj:yfnfO{ ;xh agfpg rfxg] xf] eg] ;/sf/n] ;lhn} ug{ 5 . pbfx/0fsf nflu w'd'{; ;'GtnL kmfpG8];g ;+:yfn] l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf] lu/fgrf}/ ufpFdf ^% j6f 3/ agfof] . JolQmut k|of;df ul/Psf] 3/ lgdf{0fn] ToxfFsf afl;GbfnfO{ ;xh


agfOlbPsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] klg o:t} of]hgf NofP/ sfof{Gjog ug]{ xf] eg] e"sDk kLl8tx?sf] ;d:of ;lhn} ;dfwfg ug{ ;lsG5 . k'vf{n] agfPsf] dlGb/, cGo ef}lts ;+/rgf / /fhwfgL sf7df8f}+sf zfg w/x/f eTs]sf] 5 . () ;fnsf] e"sDkn] w/x/fsf] 6'Kkf] dfq 9fn]sf] lyof] /], t/ @)&@ ;fnsf] e"sDkn] w/x/fsf] hub]lv g} eTsfOlbof] . w/x/f;Fu} ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLsf] dg 9n]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf] cl:tTj ;d]t 9n]sf] efg ePsf] 5 . e"sDkaf6 b]zdf ef}lts / dfgjLo Iflt ePsf sf/0f d'n's ljsf;df w]/} kl5 k/]sf] 5 . ljgfzsf/L dxfe"sDkn] *) nfv hgtf k|efljt ePsf 5g\ . kfFr nfv krf; xhf/ ;q j6f 3/ k"0f{ ?kdf Ifltu|:t ePsf] 5 eg] ^( xhf/ ! ;o () 3/ e"sDkn] cf+lzs k|efj kf/]sf] 5 . o:t} @ xhf/ ( ;o ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbf / & ;o $% k'/ftflTTjs ;Dkbfsf] Iflt ePsf] tYofª\s 5 . tLg ;o eGbf j9L dflg; a]kQf ePsf 5g\ . Ps ;o !% d]ufjf6 lah'nL cfof]hgfdf k"0f{ Iflt ePsf] 5 . dxfe"sDksf sf/0f g]kfndf hDdf u/L & va{ ^ ca{ $^ s/f]8 !) nfv a/fa/sf] ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] Iflt ePsf] 5 . of] ;Dk"0f{ ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] k"0f{ lgdf{0f ug{ w]/} cfly{s ;|f]t h'6fpg'k5{ . ;dodf ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0f ug{ g;Sbf g]kfn ljsf;df w]/} kl5 k/]sf] 5 . e"sDk kLl8tx?sf] hghLjgnfO{ ;fdfGo cj:yftkm{ Nofpg ;/f]sf/jfnf ;a}sf] Wofg uP pgLx?sf] kL8f yf]/} eP klg sdL cfpF5 . e"sDkn] ql;t ePsf dflg;x?nfO{ nflIft u/L r]tgfd"ns sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug'{k5{ eg] e"sDksf] hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f ug{] pkfox¿ pknAw u/fpg] xf] eg] w]/} /fd|f] x'GYof] . o:tf] sfo{df ;/sf/, ljleGg ;ª\3;+:yf, cGt/f{li6«o bft[ lgsfo ;a}sf] Wofg hfg'k5{ . cjf; k'glg{df{0fsf nflu ;/sf/n] bIf 8sdL{, l;sdL{ / bIf hgzlQm pTkfbg ug'{k5{ . pgLx¿nfO{ k"glg{df{0fsf sfo{df v6fpg'k5{ . o;/L e"sDk kLl8tx?sf] eTs]sf] 3/ / rs]{sf] dgdf dNxdk6\6L ug{ ;s] pgLx¿sf] hLjg ;xh x'g] lyof] .


x]bfx]b}{ kfnsf] af; – ;'/h sfˆn] j?0f]Zj/ dfWolds ljBfno, j?0f]Zj/ !, /fdk'/ cf]vn9'Ëf

ljkb\sf sf/0f xfdL ;f/f g]kfnL cfˆgf] :yfoL a;f]af; 5f]8L kfnsf] 5fk|f]df a:g afWo ePsf 5f}+ . ;'Gb/ g]kfn ljkb\sf sf/0f tx;gx; ePsf] 5 . lj=;+ @)&@ ;fn j}zfv !@, !# / @( ut] uPsf] e"sDk / o;sf k/fsDkgn] s}of}+ g]kfnLsf] Hofg uPsf] 5 . s}of}+ g]kfnL ckfª\u ePsf 5g\ . w]/}sf] dfgl;s cj:yf sdhf]/ ePsf] 5 . o; ljkb\n] ubf{ w]/} g]kfnL cfˆgf] tyf cfˆgf ;Gtltsf] Hofg hf]lvdaf6 hf]ufpg v'nf d}bfg k|j]z u/L kfnsf] 5fk|f]df a:g afWo ePsf 5g\ . o:tf] cj:yfdf ;f/f e"sDkkLl8t hgtf clt si6sf/ hLjg lhpg afWo ePsf 5g\ . e"sDkn] g]kfnsf] ;'Gb/tfnfO{ xflggf]S;fgL u/]/ xfdL g]kfnLnfO{ kfndf a:g afWo agfof] . kfnaf6 g]kfn x]bf{ s] dHhf x'g' < kfnd'lgsf] cJojl:yt / kmf]xf]/ a;fOn] ubf{ sltko g]kfnL la/fdL ePsf 5g\ . tLdWo] s]xLsf] d[To' eO;s]sf] klg 5 . emf8fkvfnf, ?3fvf]sL, Hj/f], 6fOkmfO8, lgdf]lgof cflbn] cfqmd0f u/]sf] cj:yf 5 . cfly{s cefjsf] sf/0f sltko bL3{sfnLg /f]usf lzsf/ ePsf 5g\ . o:tf] cj:yfdf g]kfnLx? kfndf a;]sf] b]Vbf sltko ;DkGg /fi6«;]jsx?n] /fxt:j?k /sd, kfn, vfg]s'/f, cf]9\g] sDan cflb g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ k|bfg u/]sf lyP t/ JolQmut dxTjfsf+Iff / nf]eLkfkL a9\b} uPsfn] ;/sf/ / cGo s';L{df]xdf n'Aw ePsf JolQmx? cfˆgf] b'gf] ;f]Efm\ofpg] sfddf ;lqmo /x]sfn] hgtfn] ;dod} plrt /fxt kfpg ;s]gg\ . ;f]emf / lgd'vf hgtfn] cf;}cf;df cfF;'sf] 3'6\sf] lkP/ / j]bgfsf] d':nf] d'6'df lnP/ afFRg'kg]{ cj:yf l;h{gf ePsf] 5, h;sf] sf/0fn] ubf{ g]kfnL hgtfn] Ifltsf] kl/k"/0f kfpg sl7g eof] . o:tf] cj:yfdf hLjgofkg ug{ afWo ePsf 5g\ g]kfnL hgtf . cfˆgf] 3/ u'dfP/ kfnsf] e/df afFRg afWo ePsf 5g\ . ;Eotf, ;'ljwf / ljsf;sf gfddf g]kfnLn] s'g} klg ;]jf;'ljwfsf] pkof]u ug{ ;s]sf] 5}gg\ . dfgl;s cj:yf c:tJo:Tf ePsf] 5 . lhDd]jf/ / ;/f]sf/ kIf cf]OlnFb} 5, Odfg x/fpFb} uO/x]sf] 5 eg] dfgjtf a;fOF ;b}{5 . kfnaf6 elTsPsf] 3/, ejg, snsf/vfgf, /fli6«o ;Dkbf


tyf cGo :yn w'hfw'hf eO{ kmf6]sf] b]Vbf xfd|f] dg lrl/Psf] 5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf kfnaf6 g]kfn x]bf{ k|fs[lts b[li6sf]0fn] el/k"0f{ b]znfO{ sfnf] afbnn] 3]/]sf] h:tf] nfU5 . ljkb\sf sf/0fn] k|fs[lts ;'Gb/tf Wj:t ePsf] b]Vtf of] t xfd|f] b]z xf]Og ls h:tf] nfU5 . ef}uflns ljljwtf, hftLo ljljwtf, ;f+:s[lts ljljwtf tyf wfld{s ljljwtf eP tfklg ;lxi0f'tf, d]nldnfk, ;b\efjsf ?kdf ljZj /ª\ud~rdf lrlgPsf] of] g]kfn h'g b]zdf k|To]s kxf8 xfF:g] u5{, gfRg] u5{, h'g b]zdf x/]s gbLgfnf, em/gf tfntn}ofn] g]kfn / g]kfnLsf] dg df]lxt kfb{5 . ;ª\uLtsf] :j/ lal;{P/ sf]OnLsf dw'/ :j/df /Dg] g]kfn / g]kfnLx? ;"o{sf ls/0fx?;Fu cfFvf h'wfP/ d:sg] u5{g\, v';Ln] kUng] u5{g\ . rf/}lt/ zflGt / cfgGbn] el/Psf] xfd|f] b]z g]kfndf @)&@ ;fnsf] e"sDksf sf/0f w]/} dflg;sf] Hofg uof] . k|fs[lts ;Dkbfdf Iflt eof] . o:tf] l:yltdf kfnaf6 g]kfn x]bf{ g]kfnLx? clt b'MvL b]lvG5g\ . xfd|f] b]zsf] xfFl;/xg] lxdfn klg dlng eO{ k|fs[lts ;'Gb/tf wldlnPsf] 5 . k|fs[lts ;'Gb/tfn] el/k"0f{ g]kfn e"sDkn] ;a} tx;gx; agfOlbPsf] 5 . eLd;]g yfkfsf] kfnfb]lv uf}/j af]s]sf] tyf /fli6«o dxTTj af]s]sf w/x/f To; ljgfzsf/L e"sDkn] 8\ofª8'ª\u eTsfOlbof] . e"sDkn] s] ljgfz u/]g < ;fgfb]lv 7"nf dflg;x?sf], wgLb]lv ul/asf], 7"nf kbb]lv ;fgf kb;Ddsf ;a} dflg;sf] af;:yfg tyf hgwgsf] phf8 u/L xfdL g]kfnLnfO{ v'nf cfsfzd'lg kfndf a:g afWo agfof] . jiff{t\sf] ;dodf kfnaf6 kfgLleq l5g]{, x'/Ln] TolQs} ;tfpg], 3fd nfu]sf a]nf cTolws udL{ x'g], hf8f]df cf}wL lr;f] x'g] h:tf ;d:ofdf k/]/ e"sDkkLl8tx? si6s/ hLjgofkg ug{ afWo ePsf 5g\ . ;/sf/4f/f k|fKt /fxtn] klg hLjg latfpg wf} wf} eO/x]sf] cj:yf 5 . xfdLn] rfx]sf] / lrofpg vf]h]sf] g]kfn oxL xf] t < ca xfdLn] x/]; vfP a:g] xf]Og yf]/}yf]/} hf]/hfd u/]/ xfdLn] cfˆgf] 3/, k'n / ljsf;sf ;+/rgf lgdf{0f ug{tkm{ nfUg'k5{, cfkm"n] ;hfosf ;kgfx? ;fsf/ agfpFb} cl3 a9\g'k5{ . la:tf/} of] b]z g]kfn :ju{emF} ;'Gb/ / zfGt b]lvof];\ .


rs]{sf] dgdf dNxd nfUg ;s]g – lbg]z tfdfª >L gf/fo0f dfWolds ljBfno, of;f{, /;'jf

@)&@ ;fn j}zfv !@ ut] !!M%^ ah] g]kfndf ljgfzsf/L

e"sDk uof] . e"sDkn] w]/} dflg;sf] Hofg lnof] eg] s}of}+

3fOt] eP . nfvf}+ dflg; 3/ljxLg eP . cfkm" a;]sf] 3/

eTs]kl5 ;a} e"sDkkLl8tx? kfnd'lg a:g ljjz eP . s;}sf] 3/n] lsr]/ Hofg

uof], sf]xL dflg; af6f]df lxF8\bflxF8\b} klx/f]df k'l/P . ckfª\u x'g] dflg;sf] s'g}

n]vfhf]vf 5}g . a]kQf x'g] dflg;sf] ;ª\Vof klg w]/} g} 5 . o:tf] 36gfkl5

afFr]sf xfdL e"sDkkLl8tsf] dg rs]{sf] 5 .

e"sDkkl5 w]/} ;ª\3;+:yfn] k|f/lDes /fxt:j?k vfBfg, s]xL nQfsk8f /

lqkfn ljt/0f u/] . e"sDkn] !$ j6f lhNnfsf clwsf+z 3/ eTs]sf 5g\ . xfd|f]

klg 3/ eTs]sfn] kfn 6fFu]/ a:g yfNof}+ . cfkm\gf] 3/ eTs]kl5 dflg;x?

;'/lIft 7fpFdf a:g hfg' :jfefljs} xf] . To;}n] sf]xL v'nf rf}/df t sf]xL

;/sf/L sfof{no, ljBfno ejgsf] cf8df a:g k'u] . ljleGg ;+:yfn] rfdn,

bfn, g'g, lrgL, ;fa'g cflb ljleGg lsl;dsf /fxt ;fdu|L ljt/0f u/] .

xfdL afnaflnsfx? klg w]/} ;do;Dd e"sDksf] qf;df afFRof}+ . slt lbg;Dd t

ljBfno g} v'n]gg\ . 3/ eTs]sf sf/0f sfkL, snd, lstfa, emf]nf sxfF k'Uof]

sxfF Û o'lg;]km, ;]e b lrN8«]gh:tf ;+:yfn] ljBfnodf sfkL, snd / emf]nf

ljt/0f u/]/ xfdLnfO{ yf]/} eP klg /fxt lbnfP .

ljleGg ;+:yfx?n] ;xof]usf xft a9fpFb} uPkl5 la:tf/} e"sDkkLl8tsf] hLjgdf

kl/jt{g x'g yfn]sf] 5 . kSsL 3/ lgdf{0f x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . kLl8tx? cfkm\gf]

b}lgs hLjgdf kmls{P/ klxnfsf] h:t} jftfj/0fdf afFRg yfn]sf 5g\ .


afnaflnsfx? ljBfno hfg yfn]sf 5g\ . t/ klg xfd|f] rs]{sf] dgdf dnd

nfUg eg] ;s]sf] 5}g .

s'g} kl/jf/sf ;a} ;b:o lat]sf 5g\ . sltko afa'cfdf ;Gtfgsf] zf]sdf k/]sf

5g\ eg] s}of}+ 5f]/f5f]/L 6'x'/f ag]sf 5g\ . ca xfdLn] ljgfzsf/L e"sDkaf6 w]/}

s'/f l;Sg'k/]sf] 5 . e"sDksf] hf]lvd Go"gLs/0faf/] ;dod} ;r]t x'g'kg]{ a]nf

cfPsf] 5 . vf;u/L ljBfno txdf cWoog ug]{ afnaflnsfx?nfO{ k|sf]k

Joj:yfkgaf/] ;r]tgf tflnd lbg'k5{ . a]nfa]ndf k"jf{Eof; ul//xg'k5{ . clg

o;sf] hf]lvdaf6 xfdL yf]/} eP klg sd k|efljt x'g ;S5f}+ .

e"sDkkLl8nfO{ ;/sf/n] klg a]n}df /fxtsf] Joj:yf ul/lbg'k5{ . e"sDkdf k/]/

afFr]sfx?sf] rls{Psf] dgnfO{ ;fGTjgf lbg] sfddf l9nfO ug'{ x'Fb}g . pgLx?sf]

rs]{sf] dg zfGt x'g] u/L sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ug'{k5{ .


e"sDkn] w]/}nfO{ ljkGg agfof]

– zld{nf tfdfª >L gf/fo0f dfWolds ljBfno, of;f{ & nfª\a', /;'jf

@)&@ j}zfv !@ ut] zlgaf/ lbpF;f] !!M%^ ldg]6df uPsf]

ljgfzsf/L e"sDkn] xfdL w]/} g]kfnLsf] 3/ elTsof] . emG8}

(,))) dflg;sf] d[To' eof] / s}of}+ 3fOt] eP . o; 36gfsf]

kL8fn] xfdL w]/}sf] dg rls{Psf] 5 . b]zsf &% lhNnfdWo] #! j6f lhNnfdf

e"sDkn] w]/} hgwgsf] Iflt ePsf] lyof] . oLdWo] !$ j6f lhNnfnfO{ ;/sf/n]

clt k|efljt lhNnfsf] ;"rLdf /fv]sf] 5 .

e"sDk Pp6f k|fs[lts ljklQ xf] . o;nfO{ s;}n] klg /f]Sg ;Sb}g . cfh xfdL

ljgfzsf/L e"sDkn] ubf{ w]/} b'MvL ePsf 5f}+ . e"sDkkl5 xfd|f] ufpF3/df vfBfGg

/ c:yfoL a;f]af;sf nflu ljleGg ;+:yfn] ;xof]u u/] t/ kL8fdf k/]sf xfdL

afnaflnsfx? lzIff, :jf:Yo, dgf]/~hg, kf]l;nf vfg]s'/faf6 jl~rt ePsf 5f}+ .

e"sDkdf k/L 3fOt] ePsf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] hLjg cem;Dd si6s/ g} 5 .

e"sDk uPkl5 xfdLn] slxNo} klg dgdf ;Gt[li6 k|fKt ug{ ;s]sf 5}gf}+ . xfdL

cfh;Dd klg w]/} ql;t 5f}+ . To;}n] xfdL ;a}sf] 3/ klg eTs]sf] 5 / dg klg

rs]{sf] 5 .

xfdL ljBfno uP klg c;'/lIft 5f}+, 3/d} a;] klg ;fx|} c;'/lIft 5f}+ . ljBfno

ejg gePsf sf/0f xfdL v'nf 7fpFdf a:g afWo 5f}+ . cfh xfdL w]/} c;'/lIft 5f}+

lsgeg] xfdL;Fu alnof] 3/ 5}g .

e"sDkn] xfdL w]/}sf] v';L n'6\of] . e"sDkn] ubf{ dflg;sf vfg]s'/f / 3/ ;a}

k'l/lbof] . To;} sf/0f w]/} dflg;n] clxn] w]/} b'Mv kfO/x]sf 5f}+ . e"sDkn]

w]/}nfO{ ljkGg klg agfOlbof] .


ljgfzsf/L e"sDkn] 7"nf7"nf ejg, ;ª\3;+:yfsf sfof{no, ljBfno ejg,

:jf:Yo rf}sL eUgfjz]if agfPsf] lyof] . :jf:Yo rf}sL elTsPsf sf/0f w]/}

3fOt]n] ;dod} pkrf/ kfpg ;s]gg\ . cGgkft k'l/Fbf sof}+ JolQmn] w]/} lbg;Dd

ef]sef]s} a:g'k¥of] .

e"sDksf] ;f9] ! jif{kl5 atf; gfds ;+:yfsf] ;xof]udf xfdLn] Pp6f kSsL 3/

agfpg ;'? u¥of}+ . carflxF xfd|f] dgdf clnslt ;Gt[li6 k|fKt ePsf] dx;';

u/]sf 5f}+ . e"sDkn] ubf{ xfd|f] dgdf ljleGg vfnsf ;d:of k}bf ePsf 5g\ .

;a}sf] dgdf km]l/ e"sDk hfG5 ls eGg] qf; sfod} 5 . cfh;Dd klg dflg;sf]

dg rs]{sf] 5 . e"sDksf] c;/n] dgdf ljleGg s'/fx? dfq v]ln/x]sf 5g\ .

;a}sf 3/x? eTs]sf sf/0f xfdL clxn];Dd kfnd} a:b} cfPsf 5f}+ .


e"sDksf] sDkg cem} ofb cfO/xG5 – c~hgf lj=s= >L gf/fo0f dfWolds ljBfno, of;f{, /;'jf

@)&@ ;fn j}zfv !@ ut] zlgaf/sf lbg !!M%^ ah] ljgfzsf/L e"sDk cfPsf] lyof] . o;sf] s]Gb|laGb' uf]vf{ lhNnfsf] af/kfs eGg] 7fpF lyof] . e"sDkaf6 d'n'ssf !$ j6f lhNnfdf 7"nf] hgwgsf] Iflt eof] . w]/} dflg;sf] Hofg uof], clwsf+z 3/ elTsP . sltko a:tL g} lj:yfkgdf kg{ uP . w]/} ;Dkbfx?sf] gfz eof] . e"sDk uPsf] w]/} ;do lalt;Sbf klg kLl8tsf] dgdf qf; sfod} 5 . ljgfzsf/L e"sDksf sDkgx? ofb cem} cfO/xG5g\ . ljgfzsf/L e"sDk &=% /]S6/ :s]nsf] lyof] . e"sDkdf k/]/ w]/} dflg;sf] d[To' eof], sltkosf] 3/kl/af/ tx;gx; eof] . cfˆgf] 3/ eTs]kl5 dflg;x? sxfF a:g] / s] vfg] eGg] lrGtfdf k/] . x'g t e"sDk cfpg' k|fs[lts lgod xf] . e"sDk lsg cfof] xf]nf gcfP lg x'GYof] eg]/ xfdLn] ;f]Rg' unt xf] a? o:tf ljkb\af6 pTkGg hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf nflu s] ug{ ;lsG5 k"j{ tof/L x'g' h?/L 5 . To;}n] e"sDknfO{ bf]if lbg] xf]Og . xfdLn] g} xfd|f] 3/ /fd|f] / kSsf agfpg'k5{ . sdhf]/ 3/nfO{ g} e"sDkn] eTsfPsf] lyof] . 3/ eTs]sf] b]Vbf xfd|f] dgdf 7"nf] rf]6 k/]sf] lyof] . 3/ eTs]kl5 sxfF a:g] yfxf lyPg . htf a;] klg xfdL c;'/lIft 5f}+ h:tf] nfUYof] . 3/ eTs]kl5 xfdL k9\g hfg klg kfPgf}+ . ljBfno ejg klg tx;gx; ePsf] lyof] . e"sDk cfpFbf ;a} dflg; /f]P . slt hgfnfO{ t ;DxfNg} d'l:sn k¥of] . Tolt a]nf k/fkz{ lbg] dflg; klg cfP . xfdLnfO{ cem} klg ljgfzsf/L e"sDKfsf] emn\emnL ofb cfO/xG5 . ca 8/fP/ xf]Og, xfdLn] cfˆgf] 3/ lgdf{0f Psbd ;'/lIft 9Ën] u/f}+ . e"sDk k|s[ltsf] lgod xf] . of] hlta]nf klg cfpg ;S5 . o;sf] hf]lvdaf6 aRg xfdL cfkm}+ ;r]t x'g'k5{ . ;f]rljrf/ u/]/ 3/ agfpg'k5{ . Ps rf]l6 7"nf] e"sDk cfpFbf xfdLn] dx;'; ul/;s]sf 5f}+ . To;}n] carflxF xfd|f] cfˆg} Ps–Ps j6f ×…;'/lIft emf]nfÚ x'g'kb{5, h;nfO{ …em6k6 emf]nfÚ klg eGg] ul/G5 . ;'/lIft x'g] pkfo cjnDag ug]{ xf] sd Iflt x'g ;S5 . w]/} g]kfnLsf] 3/ eTs]sf] 5, To:t} e"sDkn] w]/} dflg;sf] dg rsf{Psf] 5 . ca lrGtfdf k/]/ xf]Og, cfTdan a9fP/ e"sDksf] qf;af6 d'Qm x'g'kg]{ a]nf cfPsf] 5 .


;fd"lxs d]nldnfksf] efjgf hufof] – ljsf; 3nfg jfu]Zj/L dfWolds ljBfno, l6:6'ª, dsjfgk'/

cfsl:ds ?kdf pTkGg eO{ dflg;sf] hghLjg c:tJo:t agfpg] 36gfnfO{ k|sf]k elgG5 . k|sf]k k|fs[lts / dfgjLo sf/0fn] pTkGg x'G5 . cfxt eg]sf k|sf]kdf k/]sf 3fOt] x'g\ / /fxt eGgfn] k|sf]kdf k/]sf kLl8t jf 3fOt]sf] p4f/ jf pgLx?nfO{ ;fGTjgf lbg' xf] . k|fs[lts tyf dfgjLo sf/0fn] e"sDk, af9L, klx/f], e"Ifo, cltj[li6, cgfj[li6, r6\ofª cflb k|sf]k b]vfk5{g\ . k|sf]kn] dflg;sf] hghLjg si6s/ agfpF5 . o:tf k|sf]k dflg;sf ljleGg lqmofsnfkn] klg x'G5 . h:t}M clzIff, ;/;kmfOsf] cefj, cj}1flgs e"pkof]u, cJojl:yt ;x/Ls/0f cflb . ef}uf]lns xl/t u[x k|efj OToflbn] klg k|sf]k lgDTofpF5g\ . k|fs[lts jf dfgjLo k|sf]kn] dflg;sf] zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s / ;fdflhs kIfdf c;/ kf5{ . @)&@ ;fndf uPsf] ljgfzsf/L e"sDkn] g]kfnsf] !$ j6f lhNnf Ifltu|:t agfOlbof] . xhf/f}+ 3/ elTsP, xhf/f+} dflg;sf] csfndf d[To' eof] . k|sf]kkZrft\ w]/} dflg; 3/ljxLg eP, kmn:j¿k pgLx?n] pko'Qm :jf:Yo ;]jf, vfBfGg / vfg]kfgL pkef]u ug{ kfPgg\ . dflg;n] v'nf 7fpFdf lb;flk;fa ug{ yfn] . vfg]kfgL kmf]xf]/ ldl;Fbf emf8fkvfnf, x}hf, cfpF, df;Lh:tf /f]u pTkGg eP . pko'St :jf:Yo pkrf/ gkfpFbf d[To' b/ a9\b} uof] . dflg;n] k|sf]ksf sf/0f b'Mvsi6 ef]Ug'kg]{ cj:yf cfof] . sltko dflg; ef]sef]s} d/] . ljBfno tyf cGo ef}lts ;+/rgfx? klg elTsP, h;n] ubf{ ljBfyL{x? ljBfno hfg kfPgg\ . dflg;sf] dgdf 8/qf; pTkGg eO{ dfgl;s tgfj, lrGtf k}bf eP/ dfgl;s ?kdf sdhf]/ x'g k'u] . o;/L k|sf]kn] dfgjdf c;/ k'¥ofPsf] 5 . k|sf]kkl5 dflg;x? ;'/lIft ?kdf afFRgsf nflu ef}+tfl//x] . cfˆgf] cfjZostf k"/f ug{ g;sL ljleGg ;d:of pTkGg eof] . ljleGg ;xof]uL ;+:yfx?n] vfBfGg ;fdu|L, nQfsk8f, cf]9\g]cf]5\ofpg], ;/;kmfOsf ;fdu|L, c:yfoL cfjf;sf nflu lqkfnh:tf ;fdu|L ljt/0f u/] . dfgl;s ?kdf dfgjsf] dgdl:tisdf ePsf]


8/qf; sd ug{ ljleGg ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmd, dgf]/~hgfTds / k|]/0ffTds sfo{qmd klg ;~rfng ul/of] . To:tf sfo{qmdn] dflg;nfO{ yk afFRg] cfzf hufP . kLl8tnfO{ ljleGf ;+:yfx?n] kL8f sd ug{ / ;fGTjgf lbg bfg:j?k jf ;xof]u:j?k /fxt ljt/0f u/] . o;/L lbOPsf] ;xof]usf sf/0f dflg;x? la:tf/} v';L;fy hLjg latfpg] k|lqmoflt/ nfu] . k|sf]kn] hgwgdf 7"nf] Iflt k'¥ofP tfklg yf]/} ;sf/fTds kIfx? klg b]vf k/] . ;a} cfk;df xftdf xft ldnfO{ s'ddf s'd hf]8L ;d:of ;dfwfgtkm{ nfu] . w]/} ;do;Dd Ps} a:tLdf a;] . Ps} r'Nxf]df agfPsf] vfgf vfP . o;n] ;fd"lxs efjgf / d]nldnfksf] efjgf hufpF5 . cfk;df ;dembf/L, ;xof]u tyf c;n cfr/0fsf] ljsf; eof] . dflg;df lje]bsf] efjgf sd x'Fb} uof] . ;fy;fy} k|sf]ksf] c;/sf] cg'ej klg Go"g x'g yfNof] . k|sf]knfO{ k"0f{ ?kdf Go"gLs/0f ug{ ;lsFb}g t/ o;sf] c;/af6 aRg ;lsG5 . dfgjLo lqmofsnfkåf/f l;lh{t k|sf]k sd ug{ ;lsG5 . o;sf nflu ufpF jf a:tLx?df hgr]tgf km}nfpg], k|sf]k uO/x]sf] ;do, hfg' cl3 / uO;s]kl5 s]s:tf sfo{x? ug'k5{ ;f]sf] hfgsf/L lbg], hyfefjL 89]nf] gnufpg], gfª\uf] 8fF8fx?df j[Iff/f]k0f ug]{, kmf]xf]/sf] plrt Joj:yfkg tyf cJojl:yt ;x/Ls/0f sd ug]{ h:tf sfo{ ug{ ;s]df k|sf]kaf6 aRg ;lsG5 . ;fy;fy} ljleGg 7fpFdf k|]/0ffTds sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ubf{ klg dflg;df s]xL kl/jt{g b]lvG5 . k|sf]k dfgjsf] zq' xf] t/ o;af6 k"0f{ ;'/lIft x'g] ljsNk 5}g . o;nfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ dflg;sf ljleGg ;sf/fTds lqmofsnfk cfjZos x'G5 . k|sf]ksf] c;/af6 k|efljt If]q jf ;+/rgfsf] k"glg{df{0fdf xfdL ;a} ;xefuL x'g'k5{ . o:tf k|sf]k cfsl:ds cfpF5g\ . To;}n] klxn] g} ;r]t /xg'k5{ / c?nfO{ klg ;r]t u/fpg'k5{ . k|sf]kn] b]z ljsf;df cj/f]w u5{ . dfgj hLjg si6do agfpF5 / o;n] km]l/ z"Gob]lv ;'? u/fpF5 . To;}n] k|sf]kaf6 aRg] pkfo ckgfcf}+, cfkm" klg arf}+ c¿nfO{ klg arfcf}+ .


e"sDk k|lt/f]wL 3/ agfpg'k5{ – jL/dfof :ofªtfg >L jfu]Zj/L dfWolds ljBfno, l6:6'ª, dsjfgk'/

k|sf]k eg]sf] k|s[ltdf 3l6t x'g] 36gf xf] . h;n] cfsl:ds ?kdf hghLjg c:tJo:t agfpF5 . h:t}M e"sDk, Hjfnfd'vL, af9Lklx/f], e"Ifo, cgfj[li6, cltj[li6, dxfdf/L cflb . k|sf]kn] kf/]sf] rf]6k6s, ckfË, lynlynf] agfPsf] cj:yf g} cfxt xf] . cfxtnfO{ yf]/} eP klg ;fGTjgf lbg lbOg] cfjf;, vfBfGg, ;'/Iff, cfly{s, n'ufkmf6f], cf}ifwL pkrf/ cflbnfO{ /fxt elgG5 . k|sf]k b'O{ k|sf/sf x'G5g\M ;':t pTyfg k|sf]k / tLj| pTyfg k|sf]k . tLj| pTyfg k|sf]kcGtu{t hn pTkGg k|sf]k, hnjfo'hGo k|sf]k, dfgjs[t k|sf]k, k|ljlwhGo k|sf]k cflb kb{5g\ . o:tf k|sf]kx¿ dflg; tyf cGo hgfj/sf nflu ck|Tofl;t / b'MvbfoL 36gf x'g\ . o:tf k|sf]k ljZjsf ljleGg b]zdf cfO/xG5g\ . k|sf]k dfgj l;lh{t klg x'G5g\ . h:t}M jftfj/0f k|b"if0f, hËn kmF8fgL cflb . g]kfn k|sf]ksf] vt/fdf /x]sf] d'n's xf] . oxfF @)&@ ;fn j}zfv !@ ut] ljgfzsf/L e"sDk uPsf] lyof] . Tof] 36gf g]kfnLx?sf nflu b'Mvb lyof] . e"sDkn] ubf{ 3/ elTsg], k'n tyf ejg Wj:t x'g], hldg lr/f kg]{, efl;g] / p7\g], afFw eTs]/ af9L cfpg], lah'nLsf vDaf 9Ng] h:tf ljgfz lglDtP . To:t} s}of}+ dflg; 3/af/ Wj:t eO{ v'nf cfsfzd'lg a:g'k¥of] . slt dlxnfx?sf] l;Gb'/ k'l5of], slt cfdfx?sf] sf]v l/lQof], slt afnaflnsf cgfy eP .] e"sDkn] zf/Ll/s c;/ dfq gu/L dfgl;s c;/ klg u/]sf] 5 . afnaflnsf, lszf]/szf]/L / cGo kl/jf/nfO{ e"sDkkZrft\ 36gfsf] af/Daf/ ememNsf] cfO/xg], tl;{/xg], emsf]{ nfUg], 6fpsf] b'Vg], lgb|f gnfUg] tyf lgb|fdf tl;{g], af]nrfn aGb eO{ r'k nfu]/ a:g] h:tf dfgl;s ;d:of b]vf k/]sf lyP . h;n] dflg;nfO{ ;wF} ql;t agfO/Xof] . dflg;df b]lvg] o:tf ;d:ofn] ;a}nfO{ s'g} klg sfd nufjsf ;fy ug{ g;Sg] agfof] .


o:tf] cj:yfdf dflg;sf] ;d:ofnfO{ yf]/} eP klg Go"gLs/0f ug{ ljleGg ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L ;ª\3;+:yfx?, /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o ;ª\3;+:yfx?n] ljleGg p4f/, ;xof]u / /fxtsf sfd u/] . k|sf]kkZrft\ dflg;nfO{ n'ufkmf6f], vfBfGg, cfjf;, a;f]af; cflb ;xof]u eof] . o;/L ljleGg ;ª\3;+:yfn] ;xof]u u/]/ dflg;sf ;d:of / cfjZostf s]xL xb;Dd eP klg sd eof] . ljleGg ;ª\3;+:yfn] o:tf k|sf]kaf6 kg]{ c;/sf af/]df ;r]tgfsf sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng u/] . h;n] ubf{ dflg;df yf]/} eP klg r]tgf clej[l4 eof] . dflg;n] :yfkgf ug]{ a;f]jf; :yn Pp6f 5fk|f] g} lsg gxf];\ e"sDk k|lt/f]wL agfpg'k5{ eGg] dflg;df 1fg clej[l4 eof] . o:tf k|sf]kx? k|fs[lts sf/0fn] dfq geO{ dfgjLo sf/0fn] klg x'g] ub{5 . dfgjLo sf/0fdf clzIff, c1fgtf, ;r]tgfsf] sdL, jftfj/0f k|b"if0f cflbsf sf/0fn] ubf{ x'G5 . k|fs[lts sf/0fdf ef}ule{s, ef}uf]lns, jfo'd08nLo cflb x'g\ . oL / cGo sf/0fn] ubf{ k|sf]kx? km}ln/xG5g\ . k|sf]k Pp6f b'MvbfoL ljklQ xf] h;nfO{ Ps}rf]l6 Go"gLs/0f u5'{ eg]/ ug{ ;lsFb}g . k|sf]kn] dflg;nfO{ ljs[t t'NofOlbG5 . k|s[ltsf] agfj6nfO{ kl/jt{g ul/lbG5 . k|sf]kn] k'¥ofPsf] Ifltsf] ljZn]if0f u/]/ km]l/ cfpg] k|sf]kaf6 sd Iflt x'g] lsl;dn] k"j{tof/L ug'k5{ . o:tf k|sf]kx? cfO/x]sf] ;dodf xfdL ;ts{ /xg'k5{ . s]jn bf}l8g], cflQg] / s/fpg] ug'{ x'Fb}g . k|sf]k cfO/x]sf] ;dodf ljleGg vt/gfs j:t'x? l;;f, 9'Ëf cflb glhs a:g' xF'b}g . k|sf]kaf6 aRg k|sf]k k|lt/f]wfTds 3/ agfpg'kb{5 . To:t} k'n, ljBfno, ;fj{hlgs :yn, d7, dlGb/ cflb lgdf{0f ubf{ klg k|sf]k k|lt/f]wfTds lsl;dn] agfpg'k5{ . k|sf]kn] kfg]{ c;/sf af/]df ;a} dflg; ;hu /xg'kb{5 . k|sf]kdf gcflQO{ ;/n lsl;dn] s;/L ;fdgf ug{ ;Sg] eg]/ ;/sf/L lgsfoaf6 ;a}nfO{ ;hu agfpg'k5{ . To;}n] xfdLn] To:tf] k|sf]kaf6 ;'/lIft /xg cfˆgf] ufpF6f]n / ;d'bfodf To;;DaGwL c;/af/] hfgsf/L lbg'k5{ . cfkm" arfF}, c¿nfO{ arfcfF} / k|s[ltnfO{ klg hf]ufcfF} .


;'Gb/ hLjgnfO{ z"Godf k'¥ofof] – a'l4 tfdfª >L jfu]Zj/L dfWoflds ljBfno, l6:6'ª, dsjfgk'/

;Dk"0f{ k|f0fLx¿sf] cf–cfˆg} jf;:yfg x'G5 . To:t} dflg;

Ps k|f0fL xf] . dflg;sf] ;'/lIft jf;:yfgsf ?kdf 3/nfO{

lnOG5 . ;dfhsf] k|efjsf sf/0f dflg;n] cfkm" a:g] 3/nfO{

lrl6Ss kf/L cfˆgf] kl/jf/;Fu ;'vzflGt, cfgGb / ;Gt'i6

dgn] kfl/jfl/s hLjg latfpg rfxG5 t/ k|fs[lts k|sf]k sf/s tTj eOlbG5 .

k|fs[lts k|sf]kn] dfgjLo hLjgnfO{ c:tJo:t kfl/lbG5 . o;af6 dfgjnufot\

;Dk"0f{ If]qdf gsf/fTds c;/ kb{5 . k|sf]kaf6 dflg;n] w]/} b'Mv kfpF5g\ .

dflg;;Fu b}lgs cfjZos j:t'x¿sf] k"lt{ ug{ klg sl7g x'g] cj:yf l;h{gf

x'G5 . o:tf k|sf]kcGtu{t e"sDk, Hjfnfd'vL, af9Lklx/f], ;'gfdL, ;d'b|L 5fn

cflb kb{5g\ . of] k|sf]k s'g a]nf s;/L cfpF5, hfG5 s:tf] c;/ kf5{ eGg]

s'/fsf] olsg sNkgf klg ug{ ;lsFb}g . oL k|sf]kx¿ cfsl:ds ¿kdf cfO{

hgwgsf] Iflt u/fpg ;S5g\ .

lj=;+= @)&@ j}zfv !@ ut] zlgaf/sf] lbg lyof] . dflg;x¿ cfˆgf b}lgs sfo{df

Jo:t lyP . pQm lbg g]kfnsf] uf]vf{l:yt af/kfs s]Gb|laGb' eP/ &=* /]S6/

:s]nsf] e"sDk hfFbf sl/a ( xhf/ dflg;n] csfndf d[To'j/0f ug'k¥of] eg]

nfvf}+nfv dflg;x¿ 3fOt] eP . w]/} dflg; lj:yflkt x'g k'u] . slt gfafnsx¿

kLl8t eP h;n] of] ;'Gb/ d'n'ssf] cg'xf/;Dd klg /fd|/L x]g{ kfPsf lyPgg\ .

ev{/sf tGg]/L cj:yfsf o'jfo'jtLn] csfndf dg'{ k¥of] . sltsf] cfdfa'jf t

sltsf] 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] la5f]8n] afFRg]x¿n] klg knkn db}{ afFRg'kg]{ cj:yf l;h{gf

eof] . slt dflg;n] cfkmGtx¿sf] la5f]8sf] kL8f ;xg'k¥of] . o;af6 k|To]s

gful/s dg eg] kSs} klg grs]{sf] eg] 5}g . kSs} klg of] ljgfzsf/L e"sDkn]

k|To]s lj:yflktsf] dg l5ofl5of kf/]sf] 5 . slxNo} k"/f jf lgsf] gx'g] cf3ft

rf]6 k'¥ofPsf] 5 .


j}zfv !@ / @( sf dxfljgfzsf/L e"sDk / To;kl5sf k/fsDkgx¿sf sf/0f

a9L k|efljt !$ lhNnfsf k|To]s ufpF, 7fpF, gu/ / ahf/sf dflg;x¿ a;f]af;

ub}{ cfPsf 3/, ejg cflb eTs]/ wghgsf ;fy} dxTjk"0f{ ef}lts h}ljs cflb

;fdu|L gi6 ePsf 5g\ . e"sDksf sf/0f x/]s lhNnfsf ljBfno, a}+s, 3/,

ejg;lxt dxTTjk"0f{ P]ltxfl;s, ;f+:s[lts snfs[lt ;+/rgfsf] Wj:t ePsf]

5g\ . ljBfnosf] ;+/rgf Wj:t x'Fbf nfdf] ;do ljBfnosf] k7gkf7g aGb x'g

k'u]sf] lyof] h;af6 ;d:t z}lIfs If]qdf gs/fTds c;/ eof] . g]kfnnfO{

ljZjdf lrgfpg] ;+/rgfx¿ h:t}M w/x/f, :joDe" :t"kf nufotsf cGo

P]ltxfl;s Pjd\ ;f+:s[lts ;+/rgfsf] Wj:t;Fu k|ToIf ?kdf k'u]sf] gs/fTds

c;/af6 g]kfnLsf] dg sl8g k'Uof]] . k|To]s g]kfnL gful/ssf] ;'/lIft af;:yfg

Wj:t ePkl5 v'nf cfsfzd'lg lqkfnsf] e/df /ft s6fpg'kg]{ cj:yf pTkGg

ePsf] lyof] .

e"sDksf sf/0f nfvf}+nfv g]kfnLx¿n] lj:yflkt x'g'k/]sf] 5 . lxhf]sf] xfd|f]

zfGt ;'Gb/ hLjgnfO{ z"Go cj:yfdf k'¥ofPsf] 5 t/ klg ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLx¿

xftdf xft ;fydf ;fy hf]8\b} Ps÷csf{nfO{ ;Sbf] ;xof]usf ;fy p4f/

Joj:yfkg sfo{df h'6] . e"sDk k|efljtx¿nfO{ cfkt\sfnLg cj:yfsf

cfjZostfx¿ k"lt{sf lglDt ljleGg ;xof]uL JolQm, bft[ lgsfox¿, ;/sf/L tyf

u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿af6 cfjZos j:t'x¿ h:t}M lqkfn, dG8L, 6}G6 Dof6«];,

cf}ifwLx¿, ljleGg efF8fsF'8fx¿sf ;fy} vfB ;fdu|Lx¿ bfn, rfdn, rfprfp,

la:s'6nufot /fxt ljt/0f sfo{ ePsf] 5 . o;cGtu{t ;xof]uL ;+:yfx¿ /f8f]

g]kfn, l6o/ kmG8, afnsNof0f ;dfh, OGx'/]8 OG6/g]zgnh:tf ljleGg

;ª\3;+:yfx¿ /x]sf 5g\ h;af6 lj:yflktx¿n] cfkt\sfnLg cj:yfdf cfˆgf

cfjZostf k"lt{ ug{ w]/} ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf] 5 .

/fxt ljt/0f sfo{ Ifl0fs cj:yfsf nflu dfq k|efjsf/L x'g]x'Fbf lj:yflktx¿n]

v'nf cfsfzd'lg lqkfnsf] e/df /ft latfpg'kg]{ cj:yfnfO{ dWogh/ ub}{ ljleGg

bft[ lgsfox¿, ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] cfly{sf ;xof]udf e"sDk

k|lt/f]wL 3/ / ejg lgdf{0f sfo{qmd yfngL ul/Psf] 5 . e"sDkn] l;h{gf u/]sf]


lvGgtf / z"Gotfsf] df}sf kf/L ufpF7fpFsf dlxnf tyf lszf]/lszf]/L a]rlavgsf

sfo{nfO{ bnfnx¿n] tLj|tf lbPsf] kfOG5 . o:tf lsl;dsf 36gfaf6 aRg

e"sDkaf6 ql;t dgnfO{ dfgl;s ?kdf :j:y kfg{ tyf ljkb\sf] cj:yfdf ul/g]

a;fOF ;/fOaf6 x'g ;Sg] Ifltaf/] ;hutf / hgr]tgf km}nfpg cem klg xfd|f]

;dfhdf afnsNof0f ;dfh, OGx'/]8 OG6/g]zgn, dfOtL g]kfn, zlQm ;d"x

P6\ljg h:tf ;ª\3;+:yfx¿ lqmofzLn 5g\ h;af6 ;Dk"0f{ lj:yflktx¿n]

eTs]sf] 3/ / rs]{sf] dgdf dnd kfO/x]sf] cg'ej u/]sf 5g\ .

e"sDk t Pp6f k|fs[lts k|sf]k dfq xf] . k|sf]kk|ltsf] xf]l;of/L / ;fjwfgL

cefjsf sf/0f e"sDk gfds k|sf]kaf6 wghgsf Ifltsf ;fy} h}ljs, ef}lts,

;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts ljljw kIfdf gsg/fTds c;/ kf/]sf] 5 . k|sf]kdf k/]/

d/]sfx¿ t kms]{/ gcfpnfg\ t/ klg afFr]sfx¿ ca w]/} s'/fdf ;hu ePsf

5g\ . h:t}M ;dfgtf, d]nldnfk, ;xof]u, dfgjLotf cflb . e"sDkn] z"Gotfdf

k'u]sf] dfgj hLjgnfO{ klxn]s} cj:yfdf kmsf{pgsf lglDt ;xof]u, k'glg{df{0f

cflb sfo{ ;~rfng ul/Psf] 5 . cfzf 5, ;Dk"0f{ lj:yflktx¿n] cfˆgf] eTs]sf]

3/ / rs]{sf] dg lgsf] x'g] dNxd kfpg]5g\ . dfgj hLjg klxn]emF} df}nfPsf]

x'g]5 .


;'/IffsdL{sf] ;xof]un] w]/}sf] p4f/ eof] – ;lhgf sfsL{ >L c?0ff]bo dfWolds ljBfno, ;}k', /fd]5fk

kfnsf] cy{ 3/ xf] . kfn eg]sf] b}jL k|sf]k, e"sDk, af9Lklx/f] cfpFbf c:yfoL ?kdf kl/jf/ a:gsf nflu k|of]u ul/g] Ps k|sf/sf] Knfl:6saf6 lgld{t ;fwg xf] . kfn ljleGg /ª / ;fOhsf kfpg ;lsG5 . xfd|f] b]z g]kfn xf] . …g]Ú sf] cy{ pg / …kfnÚ sf] cy{ 3/ eGg] a'emfpg] s'/f ls+jbGtLaf6 kfpg ;lsG5 . ljZjsf ljleGg b]zdWo] g]kfn ;fgf] b]z xf] . hxfF xfdL a;f]af; ub}{ cfPsf 5f}+ . of] b]z tLg h}ljs k|b]zdf ljeflht 5 . lxdfNfL k|b]zdf ;jf]{Rr lzv/ ;u/dfyfnufot cGo cf7j6f cUnf lxdfn 5g\ . oxfFsf] jftfj/0f 708f lsl;dsf] 5 . kxf8L k|b]zdf ldl>t xfjfkfgL 5 . oxfF ljleGg lsl;dsf af]6la?jf / hgfj/ kfOG5g\ . t/fO{ k|b]zdf udL{df clt udL{ / hf8f]df clt lr;f] x'G5 . oxfF 3gf jg / ljleGg lsl;dsf hLjhGt'x? kfOG5g\ . t/fO{ g]kfnsf] ;a}eGbf w]/} pj{/ e"dL xf] . ljljw ef}uf]lns cj:yfn] o'Qm xfd|f] b]zdf ;do;dodf ljleGg k|sf/sf b}jL k|sf]k cfpg] u5{g\ . o;} qmddf @)&@ ;fn j}zfv !@, !#, @( ut] cfPsf] ljgfzsf/L e"sDkn] cf]vn9'ª\uf, /fd]5fk, wflbª, sfe|]nufot !$ j6f lhNnfdf w]/} hgwgsf] Iflt eof] . cfkm" a:b} cfPsf] 3/ eUgfjz]ifdf kl/0ft ePkl5 w]/} dflg;x? v'nf cfsfzd'lg a:g afWo eP . ef}lts ;+/rgfx? klxnfsf] cj:yfdf /x]gg\ . afFsL ;+/rgfn] klg lsr]/ dfnf{ eGg] qf; /Xof] . ;/sf/n] c:yfoL a;f]af;sf nflu lqkfnsf] Joj:yf u/]sf] lyof] . ljleGg ;ª\3;+:yf / d'n'sx?n] klg Tof] ljkb\sf a]nf w]/} ;xof]u u/] . kfnaf6 g]kfn x]bf{ !$ j6f lhNnfsf ;+/rgf eUgfjz]if dfq b]lvG5g\ . s'g} s'g} afFsL /x]sf klg eTs]/ dflg;nfO{ dfnf{ eGg] 8/ eO/x]sf] 5 . e"sDkn] w]/} dflg;n] cfkmGt u'dfPsf 5g\ . cfkmGt u'dfpg' kbf{sf] kL8f lgs} b'MvbfoL x'G5 . kLl8tnfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] hlt ;xof]u u/] tfklg pgLx?sf] cf]7df ?Gr] xfF;f] b]lvPsf] 5 . hgwgsf] 7"nf] Iflt ePsf] 5 . 3/, ejgnufot


cGo ;+/rgf Wj:t ePsf 5g\ . 3/ lgdf{0f ug{ ;/sf/n] ;xof]u ug'kg]{ b]lvG5 . cfkt\sfnLg ;dodf g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;]gf / k|x/LnfO{ v6fO{ ;xof]u u/]sf] lyof] . ;'/IffsdL{sf] ;xof]un] w]/}sf] p4f/ ePsf] lyof] . o;n] klg kLl8tsf] dgdf yf]/} eP klg dgdf zflGt lbnfPsf] lyof] . !$ lhNnfsf clwsf+z e"sDkkLl8t hgtf kfnd'lg al;/x]sf 5g\ . afnaflnsf, dlxnf, a'9fa'9L ljleGg vfnsf kL8f / b'Mv ;x]/ afFlr/x]sf 5g\ . afFRgsf nflu pgLx?n] 7"nf] ;ª\3if{ ug'{k/]sf] 5 . cfhsf afnaflnsf / ef]lnsf] b]zsf s0ff{wf/ x'g\ . pgLx? klg e"sDkn] g/fd|/L ylng k'u] . e"sDkkl5 k7gkf7gsf nflu 3/ / ljBfnodf cem} pko'St lsl;dsf] jftfj/0f sfod x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . To;}n] afnaflnsfsf] k9fO sdhf]/ b]lvG5 . o;} cj:yfdf lxdfnog Osf] l;:6d;\ nufot cGo ljleGg ;ª\3;+:yfn] ufpFdf uO{ kmnkm"n, t/sf/L / cGgsf] jLpjLhg ljt/0f u/] . ;Lkd"ns tflnd / /f]huf/L uf]i7L u/L hgr]tgf km}nfpg klg oL ;ª\3;+:yf ;lqmo 5g\ . l;sdL{ / 8sdL{n] e"sDk k|lt/f]wL 3/ agfpg tflnd lnO/x]sf 5g\ . e"sDkaf6 kLl8t kl/jf/sf] hLjLsf]kfh{gsf nflu ljleGg k|of;x? ePsf 5g\ . sltko ;+:yfn] e"sDk k|efljt If]qdf /fxt ljt/0f ul//x]sf 5g\ eg] sltkon] sd u'0f:t/sf] ;fdfg ljt/0f u/]/ cfˆgf] JolQmut :jfy{ n'l6/x]sf 5g\ . ljleGg dflg;n] e"sDkkLl8tnfO{ lbg] eg]sf] klxnf] ls:tf w]/}n] xft kfl/;s]sf 5g\ . s'g} 7fpFdf kL8tn] klxnf] ls:tf kfPsf 5}gg\ . sltko 7fpFdf e"sDk k|lt/f]wL 3/ alg;s]sf 5g\ . 3/ agfpg ufpFufpFdf k|fljlws 6f]nL kl/rflnt ePsf 5g\ . kfnaf6 g]kfn x]bf{ xfd|f] k|fs[lts ;f}Gbo{ lau|Fb} uPsf 5g\ . jftfj/0f ljgfz x'Fb} uPsf] 5 . jg ljgfz x'Fbf kfgLsf d'xfg ;'s]sf 5g\, hgfj/x? nf]k xF'b} uPsf 5g\ . /fHon] kLl8t kl/jf/sf] 3fpdf pko'Qm vfn] dNxdk6\6L nufpg'k5{ . ljleGg sf/0faf6 cflQPsf hgtfnfO{ ljleGg zflGtsf] k|Tofe"lt lbnfpg'k5{ . P]ltxfl;s / k|fs[lts ;DkbfnfO{ hf]ufpg'k5{ . dflg;df wfld{s Pjd\ g}lts rl/qsf] ljsf; u/fpg'k5{ . >d ug]{ afgLsf] ljsf; u/fpg'k5{ . g]kfn / g]kfnLsf] cfo;|f]t a9fpg] sfd ug'{k5{ / g]kfnLsf] zfgnfO{ dfly p7fpg'k5{ .


kfnaf6 g]kfn x]bf{ – ljlgtf tfdfª >L r08]Zj/L dfWolds ljBfno, ;}k' &, k|ultrf}/, /fd]5fk

dflg; eP/ hGd]kl5 b'Mv / kL8f t v]Kg}k5{ . ;+;f/sf cGo gful/snfO{ eGbf o;kfnL g]kfnL gful/snfO{ 7"n} ljkQL nfOnfu]sf] 5 . lj=;+ @)&@ sf] e"sDkn] g]kfnnfO{ kfndf a:g afWo agfPsf] 5 h'g kfnaf6 g]kfnLx? eTs]sf 3/ / cGo gi6 ePsf dfntfn x]l//x]sf 5g\ . @)&@ ;fn j}zfv !@ ut] zlgaf/ uPsf] dxfljgfzsf/L e"sDk &=* /]S6/ :s]nsf] lyof] . of] @*=!$& pQ/L cfIff+zb]lv *$=&)* k"jL{ b]zfGt/;Dd km}lnPsf] lyof] . e"sDkdf k/L **#@ eGbf a9L dfgjsf] d[To' eof] . @@,#)* hgf 3fOt] eP . b]ze/ u/L %,(!,^$& j6f 3/sf] Iflt ePsf] lyof] . !% ls=ld e";tx ulx/f] u/L uPsf] e"sDksf] s]Gb|laGb' uf]vf{ lhNnfsf] af/kfs cf;kf; lyof] . e"sDkaf6 Ifltu|:t ePsf clwsf+z 3/, ;fj{hlgs :yn, wfld{s :yn, P]ltxfl;s :yn x]/]/ g]kfnL dg w'?w'? /f]O/x]sf] 5 . k'/ftflTTjs ;Dkbf sf7df8f}+sf] w/x/f / wfld{s :yn kf6gsf] s[i0f dlGb/nufotsf clwsf+z ;Dkbfx?sf] Iflt ePsf] 5 . af6f]3f6f], k'nk'n];f / cGo ef}lts ;+/rgf gi6 eP . Tof] clj:d/0fLo 36gfsf] ;Demgf ;xof]uL 5fgf] kfnaf6 cg'ej ug{ ;lsG5 . h'g ljlrq / clj:d/0fLo If0faf6 d'Qm x'g kfndf a;]/ /ft s6fpg afx]s g]kfnLnfO{ c? s'g} ljsNk 5}g . eTs]sf 3/, rkL{ / af6f]n] g]kfnLsf] dg w]/} rs]{sf] 5 . Tolt dfq xf]Og g]kfndf dxfljgfzsf/L e"sDkn] ljsf;sf k"jf{wf/x? elTsP/ ljsf; lgdf{0f cufl8 a9\g kfPsf] 5}g . l;FrfO ug]{ s'nf] elTsPsf] 5 . wfg lsg]/ vfg'k/]sf] 5 . wfg lsGg klg sltko gful/s;Fu k};f 5}g . vfg]kfgLsf] d"n efl;Psf] 5 . dflg; ltvf{n] 56k6fO/x]sf 5g\ . ljBofnox? eTs]/ clwsf+z If]qsf afnaflnsfn] lzIff k|fKt ug{ ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ . oftfoftsf ;fwgx? cfjthfjt ug]{ ;8s elTsP/ uNnLh:tf] ePsf] 5 . of] ljlrq :j?k x]/]/ g]kfnLsf] dg yfDg w]/} sl7g 5 . ufpF / ;x/df dflg;x? ljkb\sf] d'lStdf efF}tfl//x]sf 5g\ . ljsf; lgdf{0f cufl8 a9fpg'kg]{df ufpF / ;x/df o'jfo'jtL ljb]z knfog ePsf 5g\ . u|fdL0f j:tLdf a'9fkfsf, afnaRRff, dlxnf / cfkfª\utf ePsf dflg;x? dfq 5g\ .


g]kfnL hgtfsf] cfly{s l:ylt lgs} sdhf]/ 5 . hf8f] ;dodf lr;f] k]6Ldf n'un'u sfDb} a;]sf 6'x'/f, vfg kfOg] cfzfdf a;]sf a'9fa'9L b]Vbf kfndf a;]sf e"sDkkLl8t gful/s eSsflgP/ ?G5g\ . ;xof]u ug{ hfpmF t cfˆg} xfnt s;n] x]/f];\, ;xof]u gu/fF} t cfkm" eGbf tL a]xfnsf] l:ylt b]Vbf dg s6Ss vfG5 . kfnsf] lgjf; ePkl5 emg\ ;dfhdf cGwljZjf;sf] a9L rrf{ rNof] . kfndf lr;f]df s7\ofª\lu|P/ a;]sf gful/sx¿ gdg]{ t s'/} cfPg . pN6} c:ktfn n}hfg'sf] ;§f ljleGg dflg;nfO{ af]S;Lsf] cf/f]k nufpF5g\ . g t 3/ g} ;kmf 5 g t cfkm}F . ljkb\kl5 dflg;x?n] JolStut / cGo ;/;kmfOlt/ Wofg glbg' :jfefljs} xf] / < kfnd'lgsf] af; ePkl5 dflg;df ljleGg 36gf klg cfOnfu]sf 5g\ . ue{jtL dlxnfn] /fd|f] kfngkf]if0f kfPsf 5}gg\ eg] lszf]/L / o'jtLx? clwsf+z anfTs[t x'g'k/]sf] 5 . ;dfhdf w]/} ljs[lt lglDtPsf 5g\ . hnjfo' kl/jt{gn] ubf{ hf8f] / udL{ 5'6\ofpg sl7g x'g yfn]sf] 5 . jl/kl/sf vf]nfgfnf ;'s]sf 5g\ . :jod\ cfuf] pTkGg eP/ agdf cfunfuL ePsf] 5 . ca ;"o{ / rGb|dfn] klg ;fy gb]nfh:tf] ePsf] 5 . oL :j?kx? x]bf{ hgtfnfO{ /fd|f / g/fd|f s'/f cjnf]sg ug]{ df}sf ldn]sf] 5 . hgtf ;xof]usf] vf]hLdf 5, ;xf/fsf] vf]hLdf 5 . hgtfnfO{ ;xof]u ug{ ca ;/sf/sf] Wofg lbg' cfjZos 5 . kLl8tnfO{ ;xof]usf] k|aGw ldnfpg l9nf eO;s]sf] 5 . bftfaf6 k|fKt ;xof]u / ;/sf/n] lbPsf] ;xof]un] dfq xfdLnfO{ k"0f{ xF'b}g . xfdLn] ;/sf/ / ;xof]u clg /fxtsf] e/ gk/L cfkm\gf] cfTdf / dgnfO{ zflGt kf/]/ /fVg'k5{ . xfdLn] oxL kfnd} a;]/ klg Psbd} ;'/lIft 5f}+ eg]/ xfdLn] of] r'gf}tLk"0f{ ;d:ofsf] ;fdgf ug'{k5{ . xfdL ;r]t /xg'k5{ . e"sDk / cGo k|sf]ksf] :d/0f gu/fpg ;a} If]qx?df ljleGg k':ts / cGo kL8f e'Ng] ;fdu|Lsf] k|aGw ug'{k5{ . cfkt\sfnLg emf]nfsf] Joj:yf ug'{k5{ . h:tf];'s} 7fpFdf eP klg cfˆgf] ;/;kmfOdf Wofg lag'k5{ . ca of] kfnaf6 d'Qm x'g xfdL cfkm}F hfUg'k5{ . kfnaf6 cjnf]sg ubf{ ca o:tf] gsf/fTds s'/f b]Vg gk/f];\ . g]kfnnfO{ klxn]s} ?kdf Nofpg xfdL lzIfs / ljBfyL{x?sf] klg dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /xG5 .


ef}lts / dfgl;s b'a} Iflt

– oddfof lj=s= >L ;lxb :d[lt dfWolds ljBfno, ;}k', /fd]5fk

kfn eg]sf] xfjf, kfgL, 3fd x'/Latf; cflbaf6 aRgsf nflu

k|of]u ul/g] c:yfoL vfnsf] Knfl:6s jf sk8faf6 ag]sf]

;fwg xf] . g]kfn ;u/dfyfsf] b]z xf], uf}td j'4 hGd]sf]

7fpF xf] . olt dfq xf]Og g]kfn k|s[ltsf] ;'Gb/tfn] el/k"0f{ b]z xf] . ltg}

k|s[ltsf] ;'Gb/tfn] el/k"0f{ b]zdf ljgfzsf/L e"sDk uP/ ;a} hgtfnfO{ ?jfPsf]

5 . lj=;+= @)&@÷!÷!@ ut]sf lbg ;a} hgtfsf 3/ eTsfP/ dflg;nfO{ lk/f]n]sf]

5 . ljgfzsf/L e"sDkn] ubf{ ef}lts tyf dfgl;s Iflt k'¥ofPsf] 5 . ;/sf/L

tYofª\s cg';f/ e"sDkn] ((%# ljBfnox? k"0f{ ?kdf Ifltu|:t ePsf 5g\ .

To;}u/L emG8} ( xhf/ JolQmsf] lgwg ePsf] 5 . ljgfzsf/L e"sDkn] ljBfyL{x?

w]/} lbg;Dd ljBfno hfg kfPgg\ . ;a}sf] 3/ elTsPsf] 5 . 3/n] lyr]/

dflg;x? 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ . ;a} dflg;nfO{ ;tfO/x]sf] 5 . hldg km'6]/ v]tL

ug{ gx'g] ePsf] 5 . o; b'Mvb 38Ldf ljleGg ;ª\3;+:yfaf6 /fxt ljt/0f

ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfnLx? /f]P/ al;/x]sf 5g\ . r]lna]6L a]rlavg x'g] qf; a9\of]

eg] afn>d zf]if0f klg j[l4 eof] . ljgfzsf/L e"sDkn] ubf{ dflg;sf] cfjf; g}

u'Dof] . cfd hgtfn] ;f]Rb} g;f]r]sf 36gf eP . e"sDkn] ljleGg d7dlGb/

eTsfOlbof] . sltkosf] rr{d} Hofg uof] . dflg;n] w]/} yf]s u'dfP/ a:g'k¥of] .

sltko afnaflnsf cfˆgf] cWoog 5f]8\g afWo ePsf 5g\ . j}zfv !@ ut]sf]

e"sDkaf6 kLl8tnfO{ w]/}lt/af6 /fxt k|fKt eof] . ljleGg ;+:yfx?n] ;Sbf]

;xof]u u/] .

vf;u/L kL8fsf] If0fdf ljleGg ;+yfn] ljt/0f u/]sf kfn e/em}+ eof] . g]kfnL

hgtfn] w]/} kL8f ef]Ug'k/] klg b'Mvdf ;fy lbg] xftx? plQs} 5g\ . To;} u/L

dlxnf, blnt, ckfª\utf ePsf, ;'Ts]/L cflb czQmx?n] klg ;]jf;'ljwf kfPsf

5g\ . ;/sf/n] 3/ lgdf{0fsf nflu cfly{s cg'bfg lbPsf] 5 . :jf:Yorf}sL,


ljBfno ejg cflb lgdf{0f eO/x]sf 5g\ . e"sDksf a]nf xfdL w]/} ;do;Dd

kfnd'lg a:g afWo eof}+ . kfnd'lgsf] hLjg lgs} si6s/ eof] . ToxfF lg;fl:;P/

a:bf ;'?;'?df t b]zdf ;/sf/ g} 5}g ls h':tf] nfUof] t/ la:tf/} ;/sf/n]

klg 3/ lgdf{0fsf nflu dfkb08 agfof] . ufpFufpFdf OlGhlgo/ kl/rfng u¥of] .

e"sDk k|lt/f]wL 3/ lgdf{0f ug{ s8fO u¥of] . o;kl5 kfndf a;]sf xfd|f] dgdf

lemgf] cfzfsf ls/0fx? knfPsf 5g\, k"glg{df{0f eO{ xfd|f] b]z klxn]s} cj:yfdf

k'Ug ;Sg]5 aGg] ljZjf; a9]sf] 5 .


;a}nfO{ kfnd"gL nu]/ 5fl8lbof] – wgs'df/L ;'gf/ >L ;"o{Hof]lt dfWolds ljBfno, tfs'sf]6, uf]/vf

;+;f/df ;a}eGbf ;'vL / cfgGbbfoL hLjg dfgjn] dfq k|fKt ub{5 . dflg; cfˆgf] cfF;', xfF;f] ;a} cfˆgf] 3/kl/jf/ / ;dfh;Fu afF8]/ a:5 . dflg;n] 7"nf7"nf ;kgfx¿ af]s]sf] x'G5 . ;a} dflg; Pscsf{nfO{ ;xof]u ub{} a;]sf x'G5g\ . Ps÷csf{sf] ;xof]ulagf dfgj hLjg sNkgf klg ug{ ;lsFb}g . dflg; v'nf cfsfzdf :jtGq ?kdf p8]sf kIfLh:t} :jtGq eP/ /dfPsf] x'G5 . ;a} dflg; :jtGq ?kdf cfˆgf] hLjg latfO/x]sf x'G5g\ . dflg; cfˆgf] ;dfh, 3/kl/jf/ b'Mv, ;'v cfF;' / ljleGg kl/l:ylt;Fu h'Wb} ;ª\3if{ ub}{ cfˆgf] hLljsf]kfh{g ul//x]sf] x'G5 . cfˆgf] ;fgf] em'k8Ldf 3/, kl/jf/ / ;dfh;Fu cfF;', xfF;f], j]bgf, kL8f eP tfklg n'sfP/ Tof] ;dfhsf] cufl8 xfF;]sf] x'G5 . o;/L cfˆgf] ;'vdo hLjg latfpFb} u/]sf] cj:yfdf k|s[lt lgb{oL ag]/ nfvf}+ dflg;sf] Hofg / nfvf}+ 3/x¿ eTsfpg] u/L g]kfnsf !$ j6f lhNnf g} IftljIft x'g] u/L @)&@ j}zfv !@ ut] ljgfzsf/L e"sDk uof] . dflg; cfˆgf] ;'v, b'Mv, ;kgf la;fpg] Pp6f ;fgf] 3/nfO{ k|s[ltn] lg;fgf kf/L ;f/f ;kgfx¿ etfe'ª\u / nyflnª\u agfOlbof] . To; ljgfzsf/L e"sDkdf xhf/f}+ dflg;sf] Hofg uPsf] 5 eg] nfvf}+ 3/x¿ elTsPsf 5g\ . s]xL 3/x¿ k"0f{ Iflt ePsf 5g\ eg] s]xL 3/x¿df cf+lzs Iflt ePsf] 5 . sf]xL efUg] qmddf dflg; 3/leq} r]lkP/ d/]sf 5g\ . xhf/f}+ dlg;x¿ cª\ueª\u ePsf 5g\ . s;}n] cfˆgf] cfdf u'dfPsf 5g\, s;}n] a'jf, s;}n] 5f]/f5f]/L t s;}n] cfdfa'jf b'j} u'dfPsf 5g\ . tL cfdfa'jf u'dfpg] afnaflnsf w]/} hf]lvddf 5g\ . tL afnaflnsfx¿ cfˆgf] cfdfa'jf u'dfPkl5 ;8sdf PSn} ef]sef]s} ef}+tfl/Fb} lxF8\g afWo ePsf 5g\ . xhf/f}+ ljBfnox¿ elTsPsf 5g\ . tL ljBfnox¿ eTsFbf ljBfyL{x¿ k9\gaf6 jl~rt ePsf 5g\ . sltko :jf:Yo rf}sLx¿ eTsFbf la/fdLx¿n] cf}ifwL;d]t vfg kfPsf 5}gg\ . tL la/fdLx¿ cf}ifwL geP/ d[To'sf] d'vdf k'u]sf 5g\ . g]kfn wfld{s ;Dkbfn] el/k"0f{ 5 . g]kfnsf] b]zljb]zdf g}


Voflt k|fKt w/x/f;d]t elTsPsf] 5 . g]kfndf o:tf b]zljb]zdf Voflt k|fKt k|l;4 wfld{s ;Dkbf eTsg' g]kfnsf nflu 7"nf] r'gf}tL xf] . g]kfn k|fs[lts ;Dkbfn] el/k"0f{ 5 . g]kfndf /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ k|fs[lts ;Dkbfx¿nfO{ e"sDkn] c;/ kf/]sf] 5 . :ju{h:tf] g]kfnnfO{ tx;gx; agfPsf] 5 e"sDkn] . g]kfndf /x]sf vf]nf, gfnf, lxdfn, tfn, 8fF8fsfF8f cflbnfO{ e"sDkn] d?e"ldh:t} agfOlbof] . g]kfndf uPsf] o; ljgfzsf/L e"sDkn] 3/, ;DklQ t nUof] g} t/ s]xL e"sDkkLl8tx¿df c?;Fu gaf]Ng], af]n] klg ems]{/ af]Ng], PSn} dfq a:g vf]Hg], Wofg k9fOdf s]lGb|t kfg{ g;Sg] / hlt a]nf klg e"sDk cfof] eGg] h:tf gsf/fTds c;/x¿ klg k/]sf 5g\ . xfd|f] b]zsf s0f{wf/x¿ g} afnaflnsfx¿ x'g\ . tL ev{/ km'Ng nfu]sf sf]lknfx¿nfO{ lgb{oL k|s[ltn] g} nUof] . o;/L dg]{x¿ t d/]/ uP t/ afFRg]x¿nfO{ emg} l5gl5gdf cfP/ ql;t agfOlbof] . wgL, ul/a ;a} dflg;nfO{ ;dfg ?kn] ;a}nfO{ kfnd'lg nu]/ 5f]l8lbof] . afnaflnsf, ckfª\u, j[4j[4fx¿ lnP/ kfndf a:g ;lhnf] lyPg . e"sDkkLl8tx¿ cfsfznfO{ cf]8\g] / lr/flr/f k/]sf] hldgnfO{ cf]5\ofg ;Dem]/ lr;f] e'OFdf a:g afWo eP . w]/} lbg kfndf a;]kl5 e"sDkkLl8tx¿n] Pp6f ;fgf] 6x/f agfP/ a;] . e"sDkkLl8tx¿nfO{ 6x/fdf udL{df 3fdsf] tftf] afkm / hf8f]df zLtn] lehfP/ emg\ kL8f lbof] . 6x/fdf Ps} 7fpFdf a:bf dlxnfn] emg} w]/} b'Mv ;xg'k¥of] . ;a}hgf Pp6} 6x/fdf a:g afWo ePsf 5g\ . o;/L e"sDkkLl8tx¿n] 6x/fdf w]/} si6s/ hLjg ef]Ug'k¥of] . e"sDkn] ;a} g]kfnLsf] dgdl:tisdf eo k}bf u/]sf] 5 . e"sDkn] ubf{ ;a} dflg; ql;t ePsf 5g\ . e"sDk hfFbfsf] lbg ;DemFbf g]kfnLx¿ Tof] lbg s;/L uof] < xfdL s;/L afFRof}+ < s] u¥of}+ < eg]/ cem} cfZro{ k|s6 ul//x]sf 5g\ . g]kfnLsf nflu j}zfv !@ ut] zlgaf/sf] lbg uPsf] &=* /]S6/ :s]nsf] e"sDk eofgs aGg k'u]sf] 5 . elgG5 lg, ljkb\ afhf ahfP/ jf ;ª\s]t u/]/ cfpFb}g . To;/L g} g]kfndf j}zfv !@ ut] cfPsf] e"sDkn] w]/} hgwgsf] Iflt ePsf] 5 . e"sDkkLl8tx¿sf] ufF;, afF:f / skf;;d]t n'l6lbof] . w]/} lbg;Dd klg e"sDkkLl8tx¿ ef]sef]s} dl/G5 ls afFlrG5 eg] qf;df afFr] . kLl8tx¿ lhGbuL ;'v / b'Mvn] g} ag]sf] x'G5 eg]/ dg a'emfP/ a;]sf 5g\ . e"sDkn] lr/flr/f k/]sf hldgh:t} ;a} g]kfnLsf] dg lr/flr/f k/]sf 5g\ . :ju{h:t} lrl6Ss k/]sf tL ;fgf;fgf ufpFsf 3/ ;a} eTsfOlbof], ufpF;x/ ;a} tx;gx; agfOlbof] . g]kfnLnfO{ lge]sf] aQLh:t} cGwsf/ agfOlbof] . :ju{h:tf]


g]kfn cGwsf/ x'Fbf g]kfn dfq} xf]Og ls ;a} b]z g} b'MvL x'G5g\ . o:tf] cGwsf/ cfPsf] g]kfnLnfO{ klxn]h:t} agfpg e"sDk kLl8tx¿ xftdfly xft /fv]/ Psh'6 ePsf 5g\ . ;a} ldn]/ klxn]h:Tf} g]kfn agfpg Pscsf{nfO{ ;xof]u ub}{ cufl8 a9]sf 5g\ . e"sDkkl5 hf]lvddf k/]sf afnaflnsnfO{ p4f/ ug{ ljleGg ;ª\3;+:yfx¿ nfluk/]sf 5g\ . tL ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ pkfox¿ vf]lh/x]sf 5g\ . e"sDkn] ;kgfx¿ tx;gx; kf/] klg g]kfnLx¿n] lxDdt xf/]sf 5}gg\ . 7"nf7"nf ;kgf af]s]/ lxF8]sf dflg;sf] ;kgf If0fe/d} tx;gx; agfOlbof] . 7"nf7"nf ufpF;x/ ;a} etfe'ª\u / nyflnª\u agfOlbof] . s;}nfO{ yfxf g} x'Fb}g e"sDk slt a]nf cfpg ;S5 . To;}n] ;a}hgf ;w}F ;ts{ eP/ a:g cfjZos 5 . e"sDkkl5 g]kfnLx¿ hltv]/ klg 8/fPsf 5g\ . e"sDk km]l/ cfpF5 ls km]l/ dflg; df5{ ls h:tf cfzª\sf lbP/ uPsf] 5 . e"sDkn] ;a} wg;DklQ / w]/}sf] Hofg nu] klg xfdLn] cfˆgf] lxDdt gxf/L hLljsf]kfh{g ug'{k5{ . xfdLn] o:Tff b'Mv si6x¿;Fu ;ª\3if{ ug'{k5{ . elgG5 b'Mvkl5 ;'v / ;'vkl5 b'Mv cjZo cfpF5 . To;/L g} dflg;x¿ cfˆgf] ;'vL hLjg latfO/x]sf a]nf ljgfzsf/L e"sDkn] g]kfnLnfO{ b'lvt agfPsf] 5 . e"sDkkl5 g]kfnLx¿n] olt si6s/ hLjg lhpg afWo ePsf 5g\ . pgLx¿ w]/} lbg;Dd ef]sef]s} a;] . afnaflnsf, j[4j[4f;d]t lr/f k/]sf] lr;f] hldgdf a:g'k/]sf] lyof] . o;/L e"sDkkLl8tx¿ km'6\g cfF6]sf] l;;fh:t} r/Ss rls{Psf] dg lnP/ afFr]sf 5g\ . slxNo} gd]l6g] bfuh:tf] ag]sf] 5 kLl8tsf] ;f:tL . b'Mv u/]/ latfPsf tL lbgx¿ ;DemFbf e"sDkkLl8tx¿ cem} klg 8/fpF5g\ . 7"nf7"nf e"sDk guP klg cem} klg k/fsDkgx¿ hfg 5f]8]sf] 5}g . ;fgf;fgf k/fsDkg hfFbf klg j}zfv !@ ut]sf] h:t} x'g nfUof] ca s] ug]{ eg]/ cflQG5g\ e"sDkkLl8tx¿ . e"sDkdf kl/ w]/} hgf 3/n] r]lkP/ d/]sf 5g\ . tL r]lkPsf dflg;x¿nfO{ p4f/ ug{ p4f/ 6f]nL v6fOPsf] lyof] . s;}sf] xft efFlRrPsf lyP eg] s;}sf] v'6f efFlRrPsf] lyof] s;}sf] 6fpsf] ;d]t km'6]sf] lyof] . j}zfv !@ ut]sf] e"sDk g]kfnLsf nflu eofgs aGg k'Uof] .


hgwgsf] Iflt x'Fbf s;sf] dg rs{b}g / <

– s?0ff s]=;L >L dfOsf]6 dfWolds ljBfno, tfs'sf]6–!, uf]/vf

dflg; k|s[ltsf] 56fn] el/k"0f{ k[YjLsf] ;'Gb/ pkxf/ xf] . pgLx?n] cfˆgf] cfjf; lgdf{0f u5{g\ . rfx] Tof] s'6L xf];\ of dxn . ;fdfGo cy{df eGg'kbf{ dflg; a:gsf nflu tof/ ul/Psf] af;:yfgnfO{ 3/ elgG5 . dflg;n] yf]kfyf]kf kl;gf aufP/ cfˆgf] Ifdtfcg';f/sf] 3/ lgdf{0f u/]sf] x'G5 . ToxL 3/df pm /dfP/ a;]sf] x'G5 . t/ k|fs[lts k|sf]ksf sf/0f dflg;n] agfPsf] 3/ tx;gx; x'G5 . Tolt a]nf dflg;sf] dgdf h'g lsl;dsf] kL8f x'G5, ToxL kL8fnfO{ rls{Psf] dg elgG5 . g]kfnsf w]/} 7fpFdf :yfgLo :t/df pknAw ;|f]t / ;fwgsf] kl/rfng u/L ;j{;fwf/0fn] cfˆgf] ;Lk / Ifdtfcg';f/sf] 3/ agfPsf x'G5g\ . p;n] cfˆgf] hLjg lgjf{x u/]sf] x'G5 t/ ;a} 3/ k|fs[lts k|sf]knfO{ y]Ug] u/L agfPsf] x'Fb}g . To;}n] k|fs[lts k|sf]kn] dflg;sf] 3/ Wj:t x'G5 . o;sf] pbfx/0f !(() ;fnsf] e"sDkaf6 elTsPsf 3/x?nfO{ lng ;lsG5 . @)&@ ;fn j}zfv !@ uPsf] ljgfzsf/L e"sDk klg o;sf] csf]{ pbfx/0f xf] . cfˆgf] / cfkmGtsf] 3/ elTsPsf] b[Zo cfFvfcufl8 3'ld/xG5 . dflg;sf] 3/ elTsP/ hgwgsf] Iflt x'Fbf s;sf] dg rls{+b}g < slt b'Mv u/L agfPsf] 3/ tx;gx; agfOlbFbf dgdf ulx/f] rf]6 k'Ug' / dg b'Vg' :jfefljs xf] . dflg;nfO{ To; a]nf w]/} lsl;dsf] kL8f eP/ dg b'MvL x'G5 . 3/ eTs]/ dxTTjk"0f{ lrhx? x/fpF5g\ . slt dflg; 3fOt] x'G5g\ . sltsf] d[To' x'G5 . 3/ eTsg', dflg; 3fOt] x'g' / d[To' x'g' h:tf 36gfn] dflg;sf] dg rls{g' :jfefljs xf] . k[YjL lr/f lr/f k/]sf] b]Vbf, dflg;sf] d[To' ePsf] b]Vbf, 3/x? elTsPsf] / wghgsf] Iflt ePsf] b]Vbf dg rls{g' s'g} gf}nf] s'/f xf]Og . 3/ eTsg'sf] sf/0f e"sDk dfq xf]Og, af9Lklx/f], xfjfx'/Lh:tf sf/0faf6 klg 3/ elTsG5 . To:tf 36gfaf6 xfd|f] dgdf t kL8f x'G5 eg] To; ljklQdf kg]{ kl/jf/sf] dgdf emg} s:tf] lk/ k5{ xf]nf < h;/L km'6]sf] l;;f hf]l8g ;Sb}g, To;}u/L kLl8t / rls{Psf] dg xtkt hf]l8g ;Sb}g . slt dflg; ul/aLdf ?dlNnP/ a;]sf x'G5g\ . pgLx?n] cfˆgf] cfly{s cj:yfsf] sf/0f alnof] 3/ lgdf{0f ug{ ;s]sf x'Fb}gg\ . ljklQ cfPkl5 ltg} ul/asf] 3/ elTsFbf p;sf] dgdf ulx/f] kL8f x'G5 .


aNnaNn b'Mv u/]/ agfPsf] 3/ Ps ldg]6df elTsFbf p;sf] dgdf w]/} s'/f v]Ng yfN5 . p;n] ca s;/L 3/ agfpg] s;/L hLjg lgjf{x ug]{ eGg] s'/fn] p;nfO{ lbg/ft ;tfpF5 . klxn]klxn] wgL ul/a egL lje]b ug]{ rng lyof] t/ clxn] ljktkZrft\ tF wgL tF ul/a eGg] s'/f ug{' Joy{ x'G5 . clxn] wgLul/a ;dfg agfOlbPsf] 5 . dxndf a:g] klg clxn] em'k8Ldf a:g afWo ePsf] 5 . ca xfdL ;a}hgf ldn]/ alnof] 3/ lgdf{0f ug'{k5{ . xfdLn] cfˆgf] 3/ s;/L /fd|f] agfpg] xf]Og ls s;/L alnof] agfpg] eGg] tkm{ cufl8 a9\g'k5{ . ca xfdL xfd|f] 3/ klg gelTsof];\ / dg klg grls{of];\ eGg] wf/0ff xfd|f] dgdf /fvL k'glg{df{0ftkm{ cl3 a9\g'k5{ . ljklQn] of] ul/a 5, o;nfO{ kg'{x'Gg, of] wgL 5 o;nfO{ kg'{k5{ egL slxNo} e]befj ub{}g . ljklQ cfof] t ;a}nfO{ cfof] slt dflg;sf] 3/ elTsFbf To; kl/jf/df w]/} cfklQ cfof] xf]nf . To; kl/jf/sf 5f]/f5f]/L cfdfafa' ;a}hgf kfnd'lg Ps} 7fpFdf a:g'kbf{ dlxnfnfO{ w]/} ufx|f] eof] . k'?ifsf eGbf dlxnfsf] ;d:of hl6n x'g] x'Fbf slt dlxnf zf/Ll/s c:j:Yotfdf afFRg'k/]sf] 5 . slt afnaRrf a]lrP, slt afnaRrfsf] d[To' eof] . 3/ elTsP/ slt afnaRrf cfdfafa';Fu 5'l§P/ a:g'k¥of] t slt afj'cfdf 5f]/f5f]/L ;Fu 5'l§g'k¥of] . slt ckfª\u eP t slt afnaRrf ;8sdf dfu]/ vfg afWo eP . ca o:tf] ljklQdf xfdL slxNo} kg'{ x'Fb}g . o;sf nflu xfdLn] xfd|f] 3/ alnof] agfpg'k5{ . clxn];Dd xfdL ljkb\af6 aRg hfg]sf lyPgf}+ ca xfdL ljkb\af6 aRg hfg]sf 5f}+ . o;}n] xfdLn] xfd|f] 3/sf] hu alnof] agfpg'k5{ tf ls xfdL ;a} ;'/lIft eO{ afFRg ;sf}+ . cfˆgf] dfq xf]Og, cfˆgf] kl/jf/ klg ;'/lIft /fVg xfdL ca k'glg{df{0ftkm{ nDsg'k5{ . ;wF} ljklQ klg cfpFb}g, xfdLn] ljklQnfO{ lrg]/ cl3 a9\g l;Sg'k5{ . ta kf] xfd|f] 3/ klg elTsFb}g / dg klg rls{+b}g . ca xfdL ;a}hgf ldn]/ alnof] 3/ agfpg'k5{ . alnof] 3/ eof] eg] dg klg alnof] x'G5 slxNo} rls+{b}g . 3/ agfpFbf cfsif{s xf]Og alnof] agfpg'k5{ . ta dfq xfdL ;'/lIft x'G5f}+ . dg klg rls{+b}g . ;fjwfgL ckgfpFbf ckgfpFb} klg s'g} ljklQdf kl/xfn]df xfdLn] cfˆgf] dg ;DxfNg'k5{ . dgdf s'g} b'Mv lnP/ a:g' x'Fb}g b'Mvn] xfd|f] z/L/ c:j:y kfg{ ;S5 . To;}n] b'MvL eP/ xf]Og ls hfFu/ lnP/ 3/ lgdf{0ftkm{ cl3 a9\g'k5{ . ta 3/ alnof] x'G5, elTsFb}g / dg klg rls{+b}g .


e"sDkn] 3/ / dg b'a} Ps} k6s rsf{of] – ;'zLn nfld5fg] >L ;"o{Hof]lt df=lj, tfs'sf]6–% uf]/vf

k|s[ltdf w]/} k|hfltsf hLjhGt', r/fr'?ª\uL, kz'kG5L cflb

a;f]af; u/]sf] kfOG5 . tLdWo] dflg; k|s[ltsf] ;a}eGbf

a'l4dfg / ;j{>]i7 k|f0fL xf] . dflg;n] k|s[ltdf xfF;f] / v';L

af]s]/ ;'vL / cfglGbt hLjg latfO/x]sf] x'G5 . xfdL g]kfnL

klg cfly{s ?kdf ljkGg /x] klg nfdf] ;dob]lv ;'vL / cfglGbt hLjg u'hf/f

ub}{ cfPsf 5f}+ . o;/L k|s[ltdf :jtGq ?kn] cfˆgf] hLjg u'hf/f ul//x]sf

g]kfnL hgtfsf] hLjgdf lj=;+ !(() df3 @ ut]sf lbg *=@ /]S6/ :s]nsf]

dxfe"sDksf] k|j]z eof] h;n] ubf{ xhf/f}+ dflg;n] Hofg u'dfpgk¥of] / nfvf}+

dflg;x? 3/ljxLg aGg k'u] . To;kl5 aNnaNn k"glg{df{0fdf h'6]/ k'/fg}

cj:yfdf kmls{Psf g]kfnL gful/ssf] hLjgdf lj=;+ @)&@ j}zfv !@ ut] km]l/

csf]{ e"sDk cfof] h;sf]] s]Gb|ljGb' uf]vf{sf] af/kfs ufpF lyof] . e"sDksf sf/0fn]

ubf{ xhf/f}+ dflg;n] csfnd} Hofg u'dfpg'k¥of] / nfvf}+ dflg; 3/af/ljxLg aGg

k'Uf] . e"sDkn] ubf{ g]kfnnfO{ ljZj;fd' lrgfpg] ;f+:s[lts Pj+ wfld{s :yfgx?

;d]t tx;gx; ag] .

e"sDkn] ubf{ xfd|f] dg / 3/ b'j} rls{g k'Uof] . s}of}+ OR5f, cfsfª\Iff / ;kgf

la;fpg] 3/x? elTsP . ef]lnsf b]z lgdf{tf / s0f{wf/x?n] csfnd} Hofg

u'dfpg'k¥of] . 7"nf7"nf ;kgf af]s]sf dflg;x? cfˆgf] ;kgf k"/f ug{ gkfpFb}

d[To'j/0f ug{ ljjz eP . ev{/} kmlqmPsf slnnf sf]lknfnfO{ u'dfpg' k¥of] . b]z

ljsf;sf ;+jfxsx¿ /fHon] u'dfof] . s}of}+ g]kfnLx?n] lr;f] e'OFnfO{ cfˆgf]

cf]5\ofg agfP/ ;'Tg afWo eP . afnaflnsfx?n] cfˆgf] cleefjsnfO{ u'dfP/

;8ssf] k]6LnfO{ ;'Tg] 7fpF agfpg ljjz eP . oxL ljgfzsf/L e"sDk gcfPsf]

eP tL afnaflnsfn] g t cfˆgf] cleefjs g} u'dfpgkYof{] g t pgLx? ;8ssf]

k]6Ldf cfP/ cfˆgf] hLjg latfpg afWo x'g'kYof]{ . s}of}+ afnaflnsfn] cfˆgf]


cleefjs u'dfPkl5 pgLx? ;8ssf] k]6Ldf cfP/ c?n] kmfn]sf vfgf /

Knfl:6s l6Kg] sfo{df nfu]sf kfOG5g\ .

o;/L eljiodf /fi6« ljsf;sf nflu uxg e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{'kg]{ afnaflnsfsf]

cfhsf] l:ylt of] cj:yfdf 5 . /fi6« ljsf;sf] uxg e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'{kg]{

afnaflnsf k9\g] ljBfnonfO{ klg ljgfzsf/L e"sDkn] eTsfOlbPsf] 5 . ljBfno

ejg elTsP/ cfkm" a:g] 8]S; a]Gr efFlRrPsf] b]Vbf ljBfyL{nfO{ c;x\o kl8f

x'GYof] . To;}u/L cfˆgf cfdfa'jf, bfh'efO / cfkmGt u'dfPsf afnaflnsfx?

n]Vg] sfkL / snd ;dfTg'kg]{ 7fpFdf pBf]u snsf/vfgfsf hf]lvdo'Qm If]qdf

;+nUg ePsf 5g\ .

To;}u/L e'OFnfO{ cf]5\ofg / kfnnfO{ 3/sf] 5t agfP/ a:g ljjz e"sDk

kLl8tx? hf8f]df zLt, lr;f] xfjf / udL{df tftf] afkmdf ;x]/ al;/x]sf 5g\ .

To:tf] si6k"0f{ hLjg latfO/x]sf e"sDkkLl8tx?nfO{ a]nfa]nfdf k/fsDkgx?

cfP/ emg} t;f{O/xGYof] . kfnd'lg a:bf dlxnfx?n] ljleGg vfnsf ;d:of

ef]Ug'k¥of] . e"sDksf sf/0f ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] t ct'ngLo Iflt eof] g} To;}n]

ubf{ s}of}+ dflg;sf] dfgl;s ;Gt'ngsf] cj:yf ;d]t u'Dg k'Uof] . pgLx?df

ljleGg ;d:of b]lvg yfNof] . h:t} M Psf]xf]/f] 6f]nfO/xg], Psf]xf]/f] af]ln/xg],

/f]O/xg], hltv]/ klg cfof] cfof] elg/xg] h:tf gs/fTds c;/x? b]lvg

yfNof] . e"sDkn] ubf{ :jtGq cl:tTj lnP/ uj{sf ;fy afFlr/x]sf g]kfnLsf]

cf]7sf] xfF;f] slxNo} gkmls{g] u/L n'6]/ uof] .

e"sDkn] 7fpF7fpFdf hldg dfq kmf6]g dflg;sf] dgdf ;d]t lr/f k¥of] .

g]kfnLx?sf] 3/sf] ;fy;fy} dg klg rls{g k'Uof] . o;/L !$ lhNnfdf k|ToIf

c;/ k'¥ofPsf] e"sDkn] g]kfnLx?sf] hLjgdf slxNn] gk'l/g] u/L 3fp agfPsf]

5 .

ca xfdL TolQs} al;/xg' xF'b}g . xfdLn] b]zsf] lgdf{0f / ljsf;sf lglDt

p7fPsf kfOnf hxfF uP/ /f]Sg jfWo ePsf lyof}+, ToxLFaf6 cfkm\gf kfOnfx?


cl3 ;fg'k5{ . cGt/f{li6«o :t/df b]zsf] gfd rDsfpg ;kmn w/x/fnufotsf

cGo y'k|} P]ltxfl;s Pjd\ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbf lgdf{0fdf h'6\g'k5{ . g]kfndf hlxn]

klg e"sDk hfg ;Sg] ;Defjgf ePsfn] ljz]iftM xfdLn] e"sDk k|lt/f]wL 3/

lgdf{0f ug'{k5{ . 3/ agfpFbf ;/sf/L cfrf/ ;+lxtf k"0f{ ?kdf kfngf ug{'k5{ .

xfdLn] ;/sf/n] NofPsf] k"glg{df{0f;DaGwL sfo{qmdnfO{ k|ToIf ;xof]u ug'{k5{ /

;xof]u gug{]nfO{ va/bf/L ug'{k5{ .

g]kfnLx?sf] 3fpdf dndk§L nufpg ;xof]u ug]{ cGt/f{li6«o ;ª\3;+:yfx?nfO{

k|z+;f / ;Ddfg u/L cem ;xof]u ug{sf nflu k|f]T;flxt ug'{k5{ . e"sDkcl3 xfdL

cGt/f{li6«o :t/df wfld{s, ;f+:s[lts, Pjd\ k|fs[lts lx;fan] rlr{t lyof}+ .

To;nfO{ sfod ug{sf nflu ca xfdL ;a} Psh'6 eP/ nfUg'k5{ . k"glg{df{0f hlt

;Sbf] / 5l/6f] tl/sfn] ;DkGg u/L /fi6«sf] lz/ em'Sg lbg' x'Fb}g . ljZj

;Dkbfsf] ;"rLdf ;"rLs[t ;f+:s[lts Pjd\ wfld{s ;Dkbfx?sf] k"glg{df{0fsf nflu

xftdf xft / sfFwdf sfFw ldnfP/ cl3 a9\g'k5{ . o;f] u/]df dfq g]kfnLx?sf]

rls{Psf] dgdf dnd nufpg ;lsG5 .


g]kfndf h'g;'s} a]nf klg k|sf]ksf] l;h{gf x'g;S5

– sf]lknf ahufO{ hgtf pRr dfWolds ljb\ofno, kfFrvfn g=kf xf]S;], sfe|]knfGrf]s

kl/ro

g]kfn k|fs[lts ljljwtfn] el/Psf] d'n's xf] . oxfF h'g;'s}

a]nf ljleGg vfnsf k|fs[lts k|sf]k pTkGg x'g ;S5g\ .

k|sf]k dfgj lgld{t / k|fs[lts u/L b'O{ k|sf/sf 5g\ . dfgjsf sf/0f pTkGg x'g]

ljgfzsf/L 36gfnfO{ dfgj lgld{t k|sf]k elgG5 eg] k|fs[lts zlStåf/f pTkGg

x'g] 36gfnfO{ k|fs[lts k|sf]k elgG5 . e"sDk, xfjfx'/L, Hjfnfd'vL / r6\ofª

k|fs[lts k|sf]k x'g\ . cfunfuL, oftfoft b'3{6gfh:tf k|sf]k eg] dfgjaf6 lgld{t

k|sf]k x'g\ . k|sf]k eO;s]kl5 dflg;sf] dgdl:tisdf cfxt pTkGt x'G5, To;af6

dflg;nfO{ ljleGg c;/ kg{ hfG5 . b'Mvsf] s'/f t s] eg] k|sf]kaf6 kLl8t

kl/jf/sf sltko ;b:onfO{ dl:tis;DaGwL /f]u nfUg hfG5 . o; cfxtsf]

cj:yfkl5 ljleGg ;ª\3;+:yf / b]zx?n] /fxtsf nflu cfˆgf] xft cufl8

a9fPsf] kfOG5 .

@)&@ j}zfv !@ ut] uPsf] dxfe"sDk klg Pp6f k|sf]k xf], To;af6 slt dflg;

3/af/ljxLg eP, sltkon] cfˆgf] kl/jf/ u'dfP . To; a]nf lqkfn, nTtfsk8f,

Kofs ul/Psf vfgf /fxtsf nflu eg]/ k|fKt eof] . g]kfndf e"sDk cfpg'sf]

k|d'v sf/0f l9Ss] k|0ffnL xf] . g]kfn b'O{ l5d]sL b]zx?sf] aLrdf /x]sf] ;fgf]

b]z xf] . tL b'O{ b]zx?sf] hldgsf] lgs} d'lg /x]sf] l9Ssfx? ef/taf6 rLgtkm{

3'l;|/x]sf] kfOG5 . To;} sf/0f g]kfndf h'g;'s} a]nf e"sDk hfg ;Sg] ;Defjgf

5 .

dxTj

k|sf]k pTkGg ePsf a]nf cfxt t cfkmF} pGkGg eOxfN5 . To;} a]nf /fxtsf]

dxTTj a9\5 . k|sf]kn] dflg;df w]/} 1fg lbG5 . lsgeg] dflg;n] cfkmF} lgdf{0f


u/]sf] ;+/rgfs} sf/0f klg k|fs[lts k|sf]kn] w]/} ljgfz u/]sf] 5 . o;kl5 xfdL

cfkm"n] lgdf{0f u/]sf] ;+/rgfsf] plrt Joj:yfkg ug{] 1fg cfkm}Fdf pTkGg x'G5 .

dflg;n] 1fg kfpF5g\ ls ca cfkm"n] o:tf k|sf]k pQm ;+/rgfx? lgdf{0f

ug{ x'Fb}g . dflg; hut\s} pTs[i6 k|f0fL ePsfn] cfkm}Fdf 1fg pTkGg x'g'

:jfefljs} xf] .

k|sf]ksf] kL8faf6 u|:t dflg;x? hLjgofkgsf nflu eg] k|sf]ksf] ;dok5fl8

cfkmF} klg nflukg{' cfjZos x'G5 . g]kfndf h'g;'s} a]nf klg k|fs[lts k|sf]kx?

l;h{gf x'g ;S5g\ . To;}sf/0f klg xfdLn] ljleGg k|sf]kaf6 aRg] pkfox?sf]

vf]hL ug'{ cfjZos dfq geO{ cTofjZs 5 . sltko ;ª\3;+:yf b]zx?n]

/fxtsf nflu cfjZos k"jf{wf/x?sf] hf]/hfd ul//x]sf x'G5g\ . oxfF klg ljleGg

;dodf af9Lklx/f] / e"sDkaf6 dflg; kLl8t eP To;kl5 pgLx?nfO{

hLjgofkg ug{ c;xh eOxfN5 . To; cj:yfdf dflg;n] w}o{ ug{ ;Sg'k5{ .

w}o{sf] kmn eg]sf] /fxt xf] /fxt / k"g{lg{df{0f, o;sf nflu /fHon] ljleGg

Joj:yfkg u5{ .

lgisif{

hlt;'s} dflg; k|sf]kaf6 kLl8t eP klg w}o{ ug'{ g} dfgjsf] ;fx; / bfloTj

x'G5 . dflg; h'g;'s} a]nf klg w}o{zLn x'g'k5{ . k|sf]kaf6 dflg; kLl8t x'g'

:jfefljs x'G5 . k|sf]ksf sf/0f dfgj hLjgnfO} Joy{ dfg'{ xF'b}g, ;xof]uL xftx?

w]/} x'G5g\ . ;xof]usf] k|tLIff ug'{kb{5 . cfkm" w}o{zLn /xg'k5{ / c?nfO{ klg

w}o{ /xg ;xof]u ug'{k5{ . k|sf]ksf] ;dodf c?nfO{ ;fy lbg' cfˆgf] g}lts

lhDd]jf/L ljsf; ug'{ xf] . k|sf]kaf6 c;/ k/]sf a]nfdf cfkm"n] c?nfO{ ;xof]u

lbO{ / c?af6 k|fKt ;xof]u lng klg x]nr]So|fOF gu/f}+ . k|sf]ksf] ;dodf

ufpF3/lt/ w]/} kLl8t 5g\ eg] pgLx?nfO{ ;xof]u u/f}+ .


9f]s}df RoflkFbf – dgLiff tfdfª hgtf dfWolds ljBfno, kfFrvfn &, xf]S;], sfe|]knf~rf]s

k|fs[lts zlQmåf/f k|s[ltdf ljljw 36gfx? eO/xg] ;Defjgf

x'G5 . ha tL 36gfn] r/d ?k lnG5g\, ta tL 36gfn]

dfgjnufot ;Dk"0f{ hLjhut\nfO{ 7"nf] c;/ kf5{ . sltko

36gf 8/nfUbf / eofgs x'G5g\ eg] sltko 36gf dWod vfnsf x'G5g\ .

pbfx/0fsf nflu e"sDk hfg' tyf Hjfnfd'vL lj:kmf]6g x'g] ;DefjgfnfO{ lng

;lsG5 . To:tf 36gf ljgfzsf/L x'G5g\ / w]/} hgwgsf] Iflt x'G5 . sltko

36gf dfgjLo lqmofsnfkaf6 lgld{t x'G5g\ . pbfx/0fsf nflu k|fs[lts 36gf

lgDTofpg dfgjLo lqmofsnfkx? k|d'v sf/ssf ?kdf /x]sf x'G5g\ . af9Lklx/f],

e"Ifo, e"sDkh:tf 36gfdf dfgjLo lqmofsnfk s]xL xb;Dd lhDd]jf/ x'G5g\ .

To:tf 36gfnfO{ dfgjn] lgoGq0f ug{ ;Sb5 . k|fs[lts ?kdf l;h{gf ePsf]

cfGtl/s zlSt cToGt} zlQmzfnL x'G5 . k|sf]k b'O{ lsl;dsf x'G5g\M k|fs[lts

k|sf]k / dfgj lgld{t k|sf]k . k|fs[lts k|sf]k eg]sf] k|s[ltdf :jtM x'g] 36gf xf]

. h:t}M af9L, klx/f], e"Ifo, xfjfx'/L, ;'gfdL cflb . s[lqd k|sf]kcGtu{t oftfoft

b'3{6gf, cflb x'g\ . o;/L af9Lklx/f], e"Ifo, xfjfx'/L, ;'gfdL, b'3{6gf, Hjfnfd'vL

lj:kmf]6 / e"sDkh:tf sf/0fn] dflg;n] cfˆgf] Hofg u'dfPsf 5g\ . sltko

dflg; af9Lklx/f]sf] ;d:ofaf6 ar]sf 5g\ . o:tf] cj:yfdf ;a} JolQm ldn]/

;xof]u ug'{kb{5 . Tolt a]nf kLl8tx? a:gsf nflu 3/ x'Fb}g, vfgsf nflu

vfBfGg xF'b}g . s]xL JolQmx? vfg, a:g / nfpg gkfP/ cfˆgf] Hofg u'dfPsf

x'g ;S5g\ . pgLx?nfO{ s;/L ;xof]u ug]{ eGg] hgr]tgf xfdLdf x'g'k5{ .

j}zfv !@ sf] ljgfzsf/L e"sDkn] g]kfnsf !$ c~rn &% lhNnfdWo] em08}

cfwfh;f] :yfgsf ;a} b[Zo etfe'ª\u kfl/lbof] . w]/} JolQmsf] Hofg uPsf] lyof] .

w]/} dflg;sf] 3/ elTsof] . vfgf s'/f, nufpg] sk8f / /fd|/L ;'Tg] 7fpF /x]g .

e"sDkn] r]lkPsf JolQmnfO{ p4f/ ug{ vf]Hbf s]xL JolQm 3fOt] eP . sltkosf]


cfˆgf] Hofg hf]ufpg em\ofnaf6 xfdkmfn]/ xftv'§f efFlrof] . s]xL JolQmx?

vf6d'lg a;] klg hf]lug ;s]gg\ / s]xL JolQmx? 9f]s}df RoflkP/ lgwg x'gk'u] .

s]xL ;dokl5 ;/sf/ / cGo bftf b]zsf gful/sn] s]xL ;xof]u u/] . pgLx?n]

klxnf 5fk|f agfpg kfn lbP . kl5 ;'Vvf / Koflsª u/]sf vfhf tyf cGo

vfg]s'/f ljt/0f u/] . nQfsk8f / efF8fs'F8fsf] Joj:yf eof] . kl5 uP/

;/sf/n] 3/ agfpgsf nflu k};f lbof] . Tof] k};fn] klxnf 38]/L vfg]{ / kl5

OlGhlgo/sf] k/fdz{df 3/ agfpg] sfo{ ;'? ePsf] 5 .

dfgjLo lqmofsnfkn] ubf{ jfo'd08ndf c;/ k5{ . dflg;n] cfˆgf] j/k/ /x]sf

?v sf6\g], 3fF;kft sf6\g] lqmofsnfkn] ubf{ jghª\undf a:g] hgfj/nfO{ klg

w]/} c;/ k/]sf] x'G5 . dflg;n] aghªun kmfF8\g], cfuf] nufpg], hyfefaL

ufO{a:t' r/fpg] sf/0fn] ubf{ jfo'd08ndf w]/} c;/ kb{5 . 3/af6 lgl:sPsf]

sfuh / Knfl:6sh:tf a:t'x? hnfpFbf w'jfF cfpF5 . Tof] w'jfFn] klg

jfo'd08ndf c;/ u/fpF5 . afnaflnsfn] e"sDksf a]nf w]/} b'Mvsi6 ;xg'k¥of]

lsgls s]xL afnaflnsfsf cfdf, a'jf, lbbL, alxgL, bfh' cflbsf] Hofg uPsf]

lyof] . To; cj:yfdf afnaflnsf sxfF hfg], s] ug]{, s] vfg] h:tf ;d:ofdf

k/]sf x'G5g\ . g]kfndf lj=;+= !(() df uPsf] e"sDkn] klg dflg;sf] Hofg uPsf]

lyof] . Tolt a]nfsf] w]/} JolQmsf] d[To' ePsf] lyPg . lsgeg] 3/x? ;fgf;fgf

lyP, hg;+Vof klg sd lyof] . @)&@ ;fn j}zfv !@ ut]sf] ljgfzsf/L e"sDkn]

w]/} JolQmsf] Hofg uof] . ;fgf] 3/ agfPsf] eP ljgfzsf/L e"sDkn] w]/} JolQmsf]

Hofg hfg] lyPg xf]nf .


k|sf]k M cfxt / /fxt

– /ldnf tfdfª hgtf dfWolds ljBfno, kfFrvfn g=kf=–& xf]S;], sfe|]knfGrf]s

kl/ro k|sf]k eg]sf] dfgjLo wghg / ;Dk"0f{ k|fs[lts agfj6nfO{ laufg]{ cfsl:ds ?kdf x'g] ljgfzsf/L 36gf xf] . k|sf]knfO{ k|fs[lts / dfgj lgld{t u/L b'O{ k|sf/df ljefhg ug{ ;lsG5 . k|fs[lts k|sf]k eg]sf] k|s[ltdf :jtM x'g] 36gf xf] . o;df Hjfnfd'vL lj:kmf]6, e"sDk, lxdklx/f], lxdtfn lj:kmf]6, ;fd'lb|s cfFwL cflb kb{5g\ . dfgj lgld{t k|sf]kcGtu{t ;8s b'3{6gf, ad lj:kmf]6, dxfdf/L cflb kb{5g\ . k|sf]kn] ubf{ ;a}nfO{ cfxt x'G5 . cfxt eg]sf] k|sf]ksf sf/0f pTkGg b'Mv, kL8f, si6 / Iflt xf] . o; ;dodf cfxt ePsfnfO{ p4f/ ug]{, ;'/lIft :yfgtkm{ n}hfg] ug'{k5{ . /fxt eGgfn] ljkb\df k/]sfx?nfO{ p4f/ u/L vfga:g, nufpg] n'ufsf] Joj:yf ug'{ xf] . cfxtdf k/]sfnfO{ /fxtsf] h?/L k5{ . k|sf]kdf k/L cfxt ePsfnfO{ s?0ff / ;xfg'e"lt lbg'k5{ . k|sf]k hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf pkfo k|sf]k hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f ubf{ :yfgLo ;|f]t;fwg kl/rfng ug'{k5{ . :yfgLo :t/af6 g} cl3 a9L hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f pkfo cjnDag ug'{k5{ . 9'ª\uf v:g ;Sg] ;DefJo 7fpFdf s;}nfO{ ghfg clkn ug'k5{ . To:t} t6aGw nufpg] sfo{ ug'{k5{ . klx/f] hfg ;Sg] ;Defljt :yfgsf] hfgsf/L /fVg'k5{ . hf]lvddf /x]sf] a:tL ;fg]{ sfo{ ug'{k5{ . k|sf]kkl5 a:gsf nflu ;a}nfO{ kfos kg]{ ejg lgdf{0f ug'{k5{ . :yfgLo :t/df /x]sf 7fpF cjnf]sg ug'{k5{ . k|fs[lts k|sf]k Joj:yfkgsf pkfo k|fs[lts k|sf]knfO{ /f]Sg ;lsFb}g t/ o;sf] Joj:yfkg eg] ug{ ;lsG5 . k|fs[lts k|sf]k Joj:yfkgsf s]xL pkfo o; k|sf/ 5g\M != :yfgLo :t/df hgr]tgfd"ns sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{ . @= k|sf]k cfpg'cl3 k"j{tof/L ug]{ . #= :yfgLo :t/df k|sf]kkl5 a:gsf nflu dlxnf, afnaflnsf, ckfª\u, j[4

;a}nfO{ kfos kg]{ ejg lgdf{0f ug]{ cflb .


dfgj lgld{t k|sf]ksf Joj:yfkgsf pkfox? != j[If/f]k0f u/L jghª\un ;+/If0f ug]{ . @= ;jf/L;fwg Jojl:yt 9ª\un] rnfpg] . #= v]tLof]Uo hldgdf /f;folgs dn, ljiffbLsf] k|of]u sd ug]{ . k|fs[lts k|sf]kn] dflg;nufot ;Dk"0f{ hut\df 7"nf] c;/ kfb{5 . k|sf]k cfOkbf{ w]/} hgwgsf] Iflt x'G5 . k|fs[lts k|sf]k lglDtg'df dflg; klg lhDd]jf/ x'G5 . h:t}M e"Ifo x'g'sf] d'Vo sf/0f jg ljgfz xf] . jg ljgfz dflg;n] ub{5 . dflg;n] cfˆgf] cfjZostf k"lt{ ug]{ qmddf k|sf]k lgDTofPsf] x'G5 . k|fs[lts k|sf]k s;}nfO{ ;"rgf lbP/ cfpFb}g . To;}n] klxnf g} o;sf] k"j{tof/L ug'{k5{ . @)&@ ;fn j}zfv !@ ut] 7"nf] e"sDk cfpF5 eg]/ s;}nfO{ yfxf lyPg . To; e"sDkdf k/L s}of}+ dflg;n] Hofg u'dfP . ;a} dflg;sf] 3/ elTsof] . ;a} dflg; e"sDksf] qf;df k/] . e"sDk uPsf] s]xL lbgkl5 /fxtsf] Joj:yf eof] . k|sf]kn] Ifltu|:t ePsf] :yfgdf a:g], vfg], nufpg] Joj:yf s'g} JolQm, ;ª\3;+:yf / ;/sf/n] u5{ . o;}nfO{ /fxt elgG5 . k|sf]kdf k/]sf dflg;df cfxt x'G5 . cfxtdf k/]sf dflg;nfO{ Jofks ;xfg'e"lt / ;xof]usf] vfFrf] x'G5 . lgisif{ k|sf]k lg/Gt/ ?kdf cfO/xG5 . k|sf]kn] hgwgsf] 7"nf] Iflt u5{ . xfdL k|sf]knfO{ /f]Sg ;Sb}gfF} . k|sf]kaf6 x'g ;Sg] hf]lvd s]xL xb;Dd Go"gLs/0f ug{ ;lsG5 . k|sf]k cfpg'cl3 ufpFsf ;a} dflg; Ps 7fpFdf e]nf x'g] / ToxfF 5nkmn ug]{ ug'{k5{ . k|sf]ksf] ;dodf s] ug]{, k|sf]kdf k/]sf dflg;sf] s;/L p4f/ ug]{, k|sf]kkl5 v'nf :yfgsf] ?kdf sxfF a:g] eGg] af/] 5nkmn ug'{k5{ . k|sf]kkl5 ;a}nfO{ kfos kg]{ a:gsf nflu ejg lgdf{0f ug'{k5{ . k|sf]kdf k/]sfnfO{ vfg], a:g], nufpg] 7fpFsf] klxnf g} Joj:yf u/]df hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f x'G5 . k|sf]kkl5 /fxtsf nflu cGg cyjf Koflsª u/]sf vfg]s'/f, :jR5 lkpg] kfgL, cf}ifwL cflbsf] Joj:yf u/]/ /fVg'k5{ . k|sf]k cfpg'cl3 g} ;a}nfO{ ;'/lIft :yfgsf] Joj:yf u/]/ /fVg'k5{ . k|sf]ksf] ;dodf ;a}nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg dfOs, l:ks/sf] Joj:yf ug'{k5{ . k|sf]kn] ;Dk"0f{ k|f0fLdf 7"nf] Iflt lgDTofPsf] 5 . ;a} hgf k|sf]k cfpFg ;S5 eg]/ ;hu x'g' h?/L 5 . xfdLn] klg k|sf]k cfpg'cl3 vfg], a:g], nufpg] s'/fsf] Joj:yf ug'{k5{ .


ljkb\n] hGdfPsf] hfu/0f – lgn' >]7 dl5Gb| dfWolds ljBfno, vflgvf]nf, gf}la;], wflbË

ljkb\ sltv]/ cfpF5 s;}nfO{ yfxf x'Fb}g . ljkb\ cs:dft\ cfpF5 . gbL, ;d'b|L, cfFwL, lxdtfn lj:kmf]6, Hjfnfd'vL lj:kmf]6, e"Ifo, af9Lklx/f], ;'gfdL, e"sDk, cfO;s]kl5 s] ug]{, s;/L a:g], s;/L ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ eg]/ hfu/0f x'g'nfO{ ljkb\n] hGdfPsf] hfu/0f elgG5 . ljkb\nfO{ /f]s]/ /f]Sg ;lsFb}g t/ To; ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg eg] ug{ ;lsG5 . g]kfn k|fs[lts, ef]uf]lns / ;f+:s"lts b[li6sf]0fn] el/k"0f{ b]z xf] . To;}n] g]kfn af9Lklx/f], e"Ifo / e"sDkh:tf ljkb\sf] hf]lvddf 5 . ljkb\ k|fs[lts ?kdf pTkGg x'g] Ps ;d:of xf] . dflg;x? ljkb\sf] gfd ;'Gbf klg 8/fpF5g\ . ljkb\ g s;}n] /f]s]/ /f]Sg ;S5 g t 5]s]/ 5]Sg 5S5 . ljkb\ dfgjn] ubf{{ a9L dfqfdf pTkGg x'G5 . h:t} M ?vla?jf sf6\gfn] af9Lklx/f] hfg], kfgLsf] ;d:of x'g] / :jR5 xfjf k|fKt ug{ ;lsFb}g . To:t} hyfefaL 9'ª\uf lemSg] u/]df af9Lklx/f] hfg], 3/ k'l/g] / 9'ª\ufn] lyr]/ dflg;sf] Hofg;d]t hfG5 . e"sDk Ps k|fs[lts ljkb\ xf] . g]kfn !(() ;fn df3 @ ut] *=# k|ltzt /]S6/ :s]nsf] e"sDk uPsf] s'/f xfdLn] Oltxf;df k9\g ;S5f}+ . g]kfndf klg @)&@ j}zfv !@ ut] zlgaf/ &=* /]S6/ :s]nsf] e"sDk hfFbf * xhf/ * ;o %& hgfsf] d[To' eof] . @! xhf/ ^ ;o %@ hgfeGbf a9L 3fOt] ePsf lyP . e"sDk hfFbf 7"nf7"nf 3/, b/af/, dxn / em'k8Ldf a:g] dflg;x? kfn jf ;8sdf /ft latfpg afWo ePsf lyP . To;n] ubf{ ul/a / wgL ldn]/ a;] . 5'jf5't jf e]befjsf] efjgf x6fP/ ldn]/ a:g yfn] . Pscsf{nfO{ ;xof]u u/] . cfkm";Fu ePsf] vfg]s'/f nQfsk8f ldn]/ nufP jf vfg]s'/f AffF8]/ vfP . ufpFsf dflg; ;d"x ldnfP/ Pp6} kfnd'lg /ft latfP . e"sDkn] ubf{ ljleGg 3/, b/af/, dlGb/, ljBfno, pBf]uwGbf, ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfx? eTs]sf jf lrl/Psf lyof] . dflg;x?n] Pscsf{nfO{ ;xof]u ug{ yfn] . ls;fg cfkm\gf] gª\u|f lvofP/ v]taf/Ldf sfd ug{ yfn] . slxn] klg e"sDksf] qf; jf 8/sf sf/0fn] To;} a;]gg\ . s]6fs]6L o'jfo'jtLn] ;Sbf] sfd ul//x] . To;sf ;fy} g]kfn ;/sf/n]


;s]sf] ;xof]u u¥of] . h]h:tf ;fdfg h'6fpg ;s], ToxL nu]/ afFl8lbP . g;s]sf] jf gk'u]sf] 7fpFdf cGo l5d]sL;Fu ;Dks{ /fvL ;fdfg NofO{ ljt/0f u/] . la:tf/} e"sDksf] 8/ x6\b} uof] . ljBfno ejg elTsPsfn] c:yfoL 6x/f lgdf{0f eof] . /]8qm;nufot s]xL ;+yfx?n] ;Sbf] ;xof]u u/] . ejg lgdf{0fkl5 afnaflnsf ljBfnodf k9\g uP . pgLx?nfO{ ljleGg ;+3;:yfn] sfkL, snd / lstfa lbP/ ;xof]u u/] . s]xL ;+:yfn] ljBfno jf ufpF6f]ndf cfP/ e"sDksf af/]df hgr]tgf km}nfpg] sfd u/] . To;n] ubf{ dflg;x? emg\ lg8/ eP/ sfd ug{ yfn] . cfˆgf] 3/ jf ;d'bfodf /x]sf JolQmaLr s;/L a:g], sxfF af;:yfg agfpg] eGg] ljifodf ;Nnfx x'g yfNof] . s'g} ;ª\3;+yfn] 3/ agfpg ;xof]u u/] . Pp6fsf] 3/ agfpFbf c?n] ;xof]u ug]{ afgL ljsf; eof] . ;a}sf] af;:yfg tof/ ePkl5 cfkm"n] ug]{ k];f;DaGwL ;Nnfx u/]/ k];ftkm{ nfUg yfn] . ls;fgx? v]tLkftL ug{ cl3 ;/] . sfof{no jf pwf]uwGbfdf sfd ug]{ JolQm cfˆgf] sfdtkm{ nfu] . e"sDkn] ubf{ la/fdL ePsf dflg;sf lgldQ ljleGg ;ª\3;+:yfn] cf}ifwL ljt/0f u/]/ ;xof]u u/] eg] sltko 7fpFdf lrlsT;s pknAw u/fO{ ;]jf k'¥ofP . dflg;x?n] ljkb\ ef}lts / k|fs[lts b'O{ ?kn] pTkGg x'G5 eGg] hfgsf/L yfxf kfP . e"sDk uPsf] a]nfdf a9L Iflt ePsf] 7fpF l;Gw'kfNrf]s xf] . ToxfF ;a}eGbf w]/} dflg;sf] Hofg uof] . w]/} 3/x? elTsP . 3/ eTsFbf wfg, rfdn, ds}, ux'F, k};f;d]t k'l/of] . To;}u/L e"sDkn] 3/ elTsP/ lyRbf w]/}sf] d[To' eof] . sltko afnaflnsf cgfy / 6'x'/f eP . s]xL lxtsf/L ;+:yfn] pgLx?nfO{ afncf>ddf nu]/ /flvlbP . afnaflnsfnfO{ vfg], a:g] / ;'Tg] Joj:yf ToxLF eof] . 3/ elTsPsf 7fpFdf clxn] gofFgofF 3/ alg/x]sf 5g\ . e"sDkl5 7"nf 3/x? agfpg gx''g] / ;fgf] eP tfklg alnof] 3/ agfpg'k5{ eGg] s'/f w]/}nfO{ hfgsf/L ePsf] 5 . ljkb\n] xfdLn] s;}dfly e]befj ug'{ xF'b}g, ldn]/ a:g'k5{, cK7\of/f] k/]sf a]nf ;xof]u ug'{k5{ . ljkb\ cfof] eGb}df 8/fpg' x'Fb}g . ljkb\sf a]nf cK7\of/f]df k/]sf ;fyLx?nfO{ ;xof]u ug'{k5{ eGg] l;s]sf 5f}+ .


ljkb\kl5sf] hfu/0f

– /]Zdf lu/L >L dl5Gb| dfWoflds ljBfno, vflgvf]nf, wflbË

ljkb\ eg]sf] s'g} klg a]nf crfgs cfOkg]{ ;d:of xf] .

e"sDk, Hjfnfd'vL, af9L, klx/f], lxdklx/f], lxdtfn

lj:kmf]6g, ;d'b|L cfFwL, xfjfx'/L cflb ljkb\ x'g\ . ljkb\

k|fs[lts / dfgjLo u/L b'O{ lsl;dsf x'G5g\ . k|fs[lts ljkb\ eg]sf] cfkm+} pTkGg

x'g] ljkb\ xf] . dfgjLo ljkb\ eg]sf] rflxF dfgjåf/f pTkGg x'g] ljkb\ xf] .

g]kfndf !(() df ljgfzsf/L e"sDk uPsf] Oltxf;df pNn]v 5 . To;kl5 klg

w]/}k6s g]kfndf ;fgf7"nf e"sDk uO/x]sf 5g\ . o;} qmddf @)&@ ;fn j}zfv

!@ ut] klg ljgfzsf/L e"sDk uof] . e"sDk Ps eofgs k|fs[lts ljkb\ xf] .

dxfe"sDkkl5 w]/} ;do;Dd xfdL qf;k"0f{ hLjg latfpg ljjz eof}+ . ljleGg

JolQm, ;+:yf / ;x[boL l5d]sL d'n'sx?sf] ;xof]un] e"sDkkLl8t g]kfnLx?

la:tf/} ;fdfGo cj:yfdf cfpg yfn] . ljkb\df k/]sf a]nf xfdLn] w]/} s'/f

l;Sof}+ . vf;u/L ljkb\ s] xf] < of] s;/L cfpF5 < ljkb\sf] hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f

s;/L ug]{ eGg]af/]df xfdLnfO{ ljleGg ;+:yfx?n] tflnd lbP .

xfdL k|fs[lts ljkb\nfO{ /f]Sg ;Sb}gf}+ . e"sDk klg k|fs[lts ljkb\ xf] . e"sDk

cfPkl5 dflg;x? kfnd'lg a:g afWo ePsf lyP . Pp6} kfnd'lg rf/kfFr

3/kl/jf/ a;]sf lyP . dxfe"sDkn] g]kfnLx? cem} e"sDksf] qf;df 5g\ . xfO6L,

kfls:tfg, O/fg h:tf b]zx?df klg k6sk6s e"sDksf k/fsDkg ul/Psf]

xfdLn] 6]lnlehg, /]l8of] cflbaf6 ;'g]sf 5f}+ .

g]kfndf e"sDksf sf/0fn] ubf{ pBf]uwGbf klg s]xL ;do aGb ePsf] lyof] .

ljBfno klg aGb ePsf] lyof] . ljkb\kl5 xfdLn] s;/L ;'/lIft x'g], 3fOt]sf]

p4f/ s;/L ug]{, afnaflnsf, j[4j[4f / czQmnfO{ s;/L ;xof]u ug]{ eGg]af/]df


w]/} s'/f l;s]sf 5f}+ . To;}u/L ca 3/ agfpFbf s:tf] dfkb08 cjnDag ug]{ eGg]

ljifodf klg hfgsf/L kfPsf 5f}+ . o;nfO{ g} ljkb\kl5sf] hfu/0f elgG5 . ;a}

g]kfnLdf Ps k|sf/sf] hfu/0f cfPsf] 5 . ca gofF ;+/rgf s;/L lgdf{0f ug]{

eGg] ljifodf w]/}sf] Wofg uPsf] 5 . sxfF sxfF s:tf s:tf ;+/rgf agfpg]

eGg]af/]df w]/} 7fpFsf afl;GbfaLr cfk;df 5nkmn / s'/fsfgL x'g yfn]sf] 5 .

5f]6f] ;dodf cfPsf] ljkb\n] 7"nf] ljgfz lgDTofpg] /x]5 eGg] s'/f xfdL ;a}n]

yfxf kfPsf 5f}+ . ljkb\kl5 sl7g cj:yfdf al;/x]sf dflg;nfO{ ;xof]u ug]{

tl/sf hfg]sf 5f}+ eg] ljkb\sf sf/0f elTsPsf ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] k'glg{df{0fdf

h'6\g yfn]sf 5f}+ . ljkb\kl5 w]/} ljb]zL Pjd\ :jb]zL ;xof]uL xftx?n] xfdLnfO{

cfly{s, ef}lts Pjd\ k|fljlws ;xof]u pknAw u/fP/ dfgjLo st{Jo lgjf{x u/]sf

5g\ . To;/L k|fKt ;xof]un] xfd|f] dg v';L ePsf] 5 eg] k'glg{df{0fdf s;/L

h'6\g] eGg] ;Gb]z klg k|fKt ePsf] 5 . o;/L ljkb\sf a]nf xfdL lgs} kLl8t eP

klg ljkb\sf] cj:yf ;]nfpFb} uPkl5 xfdLdf gofF pT;fx ylkPsf] 5 . of] pT;fx

gj lgdf{0fdf nufpg ;s]df b]zsf] cg'xf/ ablng]5 .


ljkb\tsf] a]nf ;a} Psh'6 x'g'k5{

– /hgL /fO{ >L lbNnL ;fljqL dfWoflds ljBfno, gf}la;], wflbË

dflg;sf] b}lgsLdf c;fdfGo cj:yf pTkGg u/fpg]

36gfnfO{ ljkb\ elgG5 . ljkb\ b'O{ k|sf/sf x'G5g\ . tL x'g\M

dfgjLo ljkb\ / k|fs[lts ljkb\ . dfgjLo ljkb\cGtu{t

jghª\un kmF8fgL, cfunfuL, ;8s b'3{6gf cflb k5{g\ eg] k|fs[lts

ljkb\cGtu{t e"sDk, Hjfnfd'vL lj:kmf]6, af9Lklx/f], ;'gfdL cflb k5{g\ . ljkb\sf]

cj:yfdf k/]/ ;fdfGo cj:yftkm{ pGd'v ePkl5 dflg;n] l;s]sf s'/fnfO{

hfu/0f elgG5 .

k[YjLdf sDkg x'g'nfO{ e"sDk elgG5 . o; ljkb\n] dflg;sf] af;, ufF;, skf;

cflbdf w]/} Iflt k'¥ofpF5 . k|fs[lts k|sf]k slt a]nf cfpF5 eGg] k"j{ hfgsf/L

x'Fb}g . @)&@ j}zfv !@ ut] g]kfndf ljgfzsf/L e"sDk uPsf] lyof] . e"sDkdf

w]/}n] cfdf, afa', 5f]/f, 5f]/L, lbbL, alxgL, bfh', efO / cfkmGt u'dfP . 3/

elTsPsfn] dflg;sf] hLjg lgs} si6s/ aGof] eg] a:g / vfg lgs} ;d:of

ef]Ug'k/]sf] lyof] . o; ;dodf ljleGg ;+:yfx?n] /fxt ljt/0f u/] . kL8fdf

afFr]sf dflg;sf] dgdf 7"nf] rf]6 k/]sf] lyof] . To;nfO{ lgsf] kfg{ eg] s;}sf]

Wofg uPg . oxL ;dodf nf]eLkfkLx? b]vf k/] . pgLx? kL8fdf afFr]sf

dflg;nfO{ ;Demfpg eGbf cfkm\gf] :jfy{ s;/L k"/f ug{ ;lsG5 eGg]tkm{ s]lGb|t

ePsf] kfOGYof] . dlxnf / o'jtLnfO{ hflu/ nufOlbG5' eg]/ ufpFaf6 ;x/lt/

cj}w ?kdf n}hfg] qmd klg a9\of] . ljgfzsf/L e"sDkn] dflg;x? 7"nf] ljkb\df

k/]sf lyP .

ljkb\ Pp6f b]zdf dfq cfpFb}g . ljkb\ x/]s b]zdf cfpF5 . ljkb\sf a]nf xfdL

;a} Psh'6 x'g'k5{ . Psn] csf{nfO{ ;xof]u ug'{k5{ . ;a} ldnL s]xL lbgsf nflu

eP klg ufF;, af; / skf;sf] Joj:yf ug'{k5{ . o; k|sf/sf ljkb\nfO{


Go"gLs/0f ug{ t ;lsFb}g t/ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f eg] ug{ ;lsG5 . ljkb\ cfpg

;S5 eg]/ xfdL klxNo} g} ;r]t x'g'kb5{ . dfgjLo ljkb\nfO{ eg] xfdLn]

Go"gLs/0f ug{ ;S5f}+ . o;sf nflu xfdLn] klxnf] pkfo hg;+Vof a9\gaf6

/f]Sg'k5{ . hg;+Vof j[l4 ePg eg] dfgjLo ljkb\ sd x'g ;S5 . dfgjLo ljkb\

cfpg] sf/0f g} hg;+Vof xf] . k|fs[lts ljkb\sf] ;dodf xfdLn] Ps cfk;df

;xof]usf] efjgf a9fpg ;S5f}+ . pbfx/0fsf nflu, g]kfndf rlr{t snfsf/ w'd{';

/ ;'GtnLn] k"glg{df{0fdf yf]/} eP klg of]ubfg u/]sf 5g\ . xfdL ljBfyL{n]

klg vfhf vfg NofPsf] k};f art u/L dflg;nfO{ ljkb\sf] ;dodf ;xof]u ug{

;S5f+} . w]/} geP klg yf]/} dfq ;xof]u u/L g]kfnsf] ljsf;df cufl8 a9\g

;S5f} . ;/sf/n] klg e"sDk kLl8tnfO{ ;xof]u u/]sf] 5 . o;af6 s]xL

;dokl5 k"glg{df{0fsf] sfd ;DkGg x'g] cfzf ug{ ;lsG5 .

xfdL b'Mvsf] ;dodf cfFlQg' xF'b}g / ;'vsf] ;dodf dflQg' xF'b}g . xfdLn]

c?nfO{ b'Mvdf ;xof]u u¥of}+ eg] pgLx?n] klg xfdLnfO{ b'Mv kbf{ ;xof]u

u5{g\ . xfdL e"sDkkLl8t x'Fb}df cfFlQg' xF'b}g . ;a} s'/fn] el/k"0f{ 5f}+ eg]/ dflQg'

klg xF'b}g . c?nfO{ b'Mv k/]sf] 5 eg] xftdf xft ldnfO{ ;xof]u ug'{k5{ .

Pscfk;df ;xof]usf] efj b]vfof}+ eg] xfd|f] b]z ljsl;t x'g]5 . ls k9]/

hflgG5, ls k/]/ hflgG5 elgG5 . To;}n] e"sDk cfP/ xfdLnfO{ w]/} ;tfof] .

ToxLaf6 kf7 l;s]/ xfdL w]/} g]kfnLn] hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf nflu ljleGg s'/f

l;s]sf 5f}+ . To;}n] xfdLdf Ps k|sf/sf] hfu/0f cfPsf] 5 . o;nfO{ b]zsf]

k"glg{df{0fdf nufpg] xf] eg] b]zsf] d'xf/ km]l/g]df ;Gb]x 5}g .


ljkb\ gk/L hfu/0fsf] hGd gx'Fbf] /x]5

– k|bLk Hof]tL >L e"d]Zj/L dfWolds ljBfno, lspn, l;Gw'kfNrf]s

;j{k|yd ljkb\ / hfu/0f zAbaf/] xfdL :ki6 x'g'kb{5 . ;fdfGo cy{df ljkb\ eg]sf] k|sf]k xf] . dfgjLo lqmofsnfk jf k|s[ltaf6 pTkGg eP/ wghgsf] Iflt x'g', ef}lts ;+/rgf gi6 x'g' / hghLjgnfO{ c;fdfGo agfpg] 36gfnfO{ ljkb\ elgG5 . hfu/0fsf] cy{ r]tgf xf] . s'g} uDeL/ 36gf ePkl5 To;n] ca o:tf] ug'{ xF'b}g eGg] s'/f l;sfpF5 . k|sf]k eg]sf] af9Lklx/f], e"Ifo, e"sDk, Hjfnfd'vL, Hjf/ef6f cflb x'g\ . s]xL dlxgfcl3 xfd|f] b]zdf 7"nf] e"sDk uof] . ljgfzsf/L e"sDkn] hgwgsf] Iflt eof] . e"sDkaf6 Hofb} k|efljt !$ lhNnfsf hgdfg;df s] s'/f pAhfof] eg] xfdLn] agfPsf 3/n] g} xfd|f] kl/jf/sf] Hofg uof], wgsf] klg gfz eof] / hgsf] klg gfz eof], ToxL eP/ ca xfdLn] 3/ ;fgf] / alnof] agfpg'k5{ . oxL g} hfu/0fsf] xf] . ;fFRr} xfdLnfO{ yfxf 5 ls s]xL s'/fsf] ljsf; x'g\ . ljgfz klg ;xfo/ x'Fbf] /x]5 . ljgf;;Fu;Fu} ljsf; klg x'G5 . elgPsf] 5, s]xL s'/f kfpg s]xL s'/f u'dfpg'k5{ . ToxL eP/ ljkb\n] g} hfu/0f hGdfpF5 . h:tf] ls e"sDkn] ljgfz gu/]sf] eP !$ lhNnfsf dflg;nfO{ kSsL 3/ agfpg'k5{ r]tgf gcfpg ;SYof] . ToxL eP/ ljkb\n] hfu/0f hGdfpF5 . s'g} klg ljkb\ gcfO{ hfu/0f cfpFb}g . @)&@ ;fn j}zfv !@ / @( ut] dxfljgfzsf/L e"sDk uof] . !@ ut] uf]/vf s]Gb|laGb' eP/, !# ut] l;Gw'kfNrf]s s]Gb|laGb' eP/ / @( ut] bf]nvf s]Gb|laGb' eP/ ljgfzsf/L e"sDk uof] . o;af6 g]kfnsf !$ j6f lhNnfdf w]/} Iflt eof] . ljkb\kl5 oL lhNnfsf dflg;df hfu/0f pTkGg eof] . of] ljgfzsf/L e"sDksf sf/0f dflg;n] e"sDk k|lt/f]wfTds 3/ agfpg yfn] / sf]xLn] agfpFb}5g\ . ca s;}n] sRrL 3/ agfpg] 5}g . of] ljkb\sf sf/0f dflg;df cfPsf] hfu/0f xf] . xfdLnfO{ yfxf 5 ls åGå g} ljsf;sf] cfwf/ xf], åGån] g} ljsf;sf] l;h{gf ub{5 . åGå / ljkb\ kof{ojfrL zAbh:Tf} ag]sf 5g\ . ljsf; eg]sf] dfgj hLjgdf ;sf/fTds kl/jt{g cfpg' xf] . hfu/0f eg]sf] klg ljkb\kZrft\ cfpg]


r]tgf jf a'l4 xf] . ljkb\ / hfu/0f Pp6f /ysf b'O{ j6f kfª\u|f x'g\ . ljkb\ ljgf hfu/0fsf] hGd x'g ;Sb}g . oL b'O{ ljifo cGt/;DalGwt 5g\ . s'g} gofF s'/f l;h{gf x'g k'/fgf] s'/f s]xL x'g'k5{ jf ToxfF lgs} cfjZos x'g'k5{ . pbfx/0fsf nflu s'g} 7fpFdf k'n gofF xfNg ToxfFsf] k'n efFlrPsf] x'g'k5{ ls ToxfF 7"nf] kfgL cfpg'k5{ . xfdLn] nufpg] sk8fsf] s'/f u/fF} g, s] xfdLn] n'uf gkmf6Lsg gofF n'uf lsG5f}+ t < jf a'jfn] lslglbg'x'G5 t < gofF n'uf lsGgsf nflu k'/fgf] n'uf kmf6\g'k5{ . ToxL eP/ s'g} 36gf jf ljkb\ gcfOsg gofF s'/fsf] hGd x'Fb}g . ljkb\n] ubf{ la5f]8 ePsf] dflg;sf] klg ldng x'G5 . s'g} s'/f glau|Lsg /fd|f] x'Fb}g . c;kmntf g} ;kmntfsf] lrXg xf] . ;fFRr} ;d:ofn] ;dfwfg hGdfpF5 . xfdLdf h;/L ;d:of cfpF5 To;/L g} ;dfwfg x'G5 . elgG5, s'g} klg ;Gtfg 7Ss/ gvfOsg c;n aGg ;Sb}g . ToxL eP/ ljkb\ gcfOsg hfu/0fsf] hGd x'Fb}g . xfd|f] lhNnfdf e"sDk gcfPsf] eP gofF 3/ aGg] lyPg / gofF dlGb/ aGg] lyPg xf]nf . xfd|f] ljBfno e"sDkn] geTsfPsf] eP cf/fdbfoL sf]7f, ejg, zf}rfno lgdf{0f x'g] lyPg xf]nf . ToxL eP/ ljkb\ gcfO{ hfu/0fsf] hGd x'Fb}g t/ xfdLn] ljkb\ ePkl5 ljsf; jf hfu/0f x'G5 eg]/ ljgfz ug'{ x'Fb}g / ljkb\ cfOk/f];\ eg]/ sNkgf klg ug'{ xF'b}g . xfdLnfO{ yfxf 5 la/fdL eP/ cf}ifwL k|of]u ug'{klxnf g} xf]l;of/ x'g' /fd|f] xf] . ToxL eP/ ljkb\ cfpg lbg' x'Fb}g / cfkm}F pTkGGf eof] eg] lrGtf dfGg' xF'b}g . cjZo ljsf; x'G5 / hfu/0f k}bf x'G5 . ToxL eP/ ljkb\n] g} gofF hfu/0f cfljZsf/ ;d]t hGdfpF5 .


e"sDkn] Jofks ;r]tgf hufof]

– ;'lgtf tfdfª >L e"d]Zj/L dfWolds ljBfno, lspn, l;Gw'kfNrf]s

g]kfn k|fs[lts ;f}Gbo{n] el/k"0f{ b]z xf] . To:t} of] ljkb\sf] pRr hf]lvddf /x]sf] b]z klg xf] . ljkb\ eg]sf] k|fs[lts jf dfgj lgld{t kl/l:yltaf6 pTkGg x'g] Pp6f ;d:of xf] . ljkb\n] w/} hgwgsf ;fy} ljleGg kf7 klg l;sfpF5 . x/]s ;d:ofn] ;dfwfg lgsfN5, To:t} ljkb\n] klg w]/} k|sf/sf] hfFu/ pTkGg u/fpF5 . ljkb\ dfgj lgld{t / k|fs[lts u/L b'O{ lsl;dsf x'G5g\ . ljkb\n] dfgj hLjgnfO{ afFRgsf nflu c;xh / cK7\of/f] agfpF5 . g]kfndf lj=;= @)&@ j}zfv !@, !# / @( ut] dxfe"sDk cfPsf] lyof] . o; dxfe"sDkaf6 w]/} dflg;sf] d[To' eof] . ;fy;fy} w]/} wg tyf ef}lts ;+/rgf gi6 eP . e"sDkn] w]/} wghgsf] Iflt ePkl5 ;a} dflg; ;r]t ePsf 5g\ . ca e"sDk k|lt/f]wfTds ef}lts ;+/rgf lgdf{0f ug'{k5{ eGg] r]tgf ;a}df hfu[t ePsf] 5 . o; dxfe"sDkn] dflg;x? cfk;df ldn]/ a:g'k5{, Psh'6 x'g'k5{, Psn] csf{nfO{ ;xof]u ug'k5{ / e"sDk k|lt/f]wfTds ;+/rgf agfpg'k5{ eGg] efjgf ljsf; ePsf] 5 . ljkb\n] ubf{ g} ;a} dflg;x? lgb|faf6 Ao'FlemPsf 5g\ eg] ;a}df gofF hf]z / hfFu/ pTkGg ePsf] 5 . ljkb\ cfpFbf s] ug]{, ljkb\sf] hf]lvdaf6 s;/L 6f9f /xg], ljkb\ cfpg'k"j{ s] ug]{ h:tf ljifodf xfdLnfO{ w]/} 1fg ePsf] 5 . ljkb\n] g} clxn] ;a}df gofF hf]z / hfFu/ pTkGg u/fPsf] 5 . clxn] dflg;x? ljkb\ k|lt/f]wfTds ljleGg ef}lts ;+/rgf lgdf{0fdf h'6]sf 5g\ . ljkb\kl5 ljleGGf k|sf/sf ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{ x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . ljkb\ cfkm}F pTkGg x'G5 . ljkb\n] cfkt\ hGdfpF5 . xfdLn] ljkb\df klg w}o{ ug{ ;Sg'k5{ . x/]s ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ug]{ qmddf ljleGg k|sf/sf] ljsf; x'G5 . To:t} ljkb\n] klg ljleGg k|sf/sf hfu/0f hGdfpF5 . o;/L ljkb\n] ;a}df Ps lsl;dsf] Hffu/0f NofPsf] 5 . of] hfu/0fn] gofF g]kfn lgdf{0f ug]{ 7"nf] e"ldsf v]Ng]5 .


hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fnfO{ Jofks agfOg'k5{ – ;lhgf Hof]tL >L e"d]Zj/L dfWolds ljBfno, lspn, l;Gw'kfNrf]s

ljkb\ eg]sf] s'g} klg k|sf]kaf6 jf sf/0faf6 cfOkg]{ cfkt\ jf kL8f xf] . ljkb\ k|fs[lts k|sf]k jf dflg;s} nfk/afxLn] ubf{ pTkGg x'G5 . ljkb\ kl/;s]kl5 s'g} klg JolQm, ;dfh / /fi6«n] To;sf] k|efjaf6 dflg;df NofPsf] kl/jt{gnfO{ ljkb\n] hGdfPsf] hfu/0f elgG5 . ljkb\sf] k|efjaf6 aRg / ljkb\af6 s;/L afFRg'k5{ jf ljkb\ Go"gLs/0f ug{ s] ug'kb{5 eGg] s'/f ljkb\kl5 g} l;lsG5 . k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6 klg ljkb\ ;'? x'G5 . o;n] w]/} hgwgdf Iflt k'¥ofpF5 . xfdL dflg;df w]/} s'/fsf] hfgsf/L gx'Fbf ljkb\ em]Ng'kg]{ x'G5 . dflg;s} nfk/afxLsf sf/0f cem} klg w]/} ljkb\ / k|sf]k cfpF5g\ . g]kfndf klg ljkb\af6 hf]lvdsf] ;"rLdf 5 . dflg;df 1fg, ;Lk, a'l4 / ljj]s 5 . tL IfdtfnfO{ s;}n] ;b'kof]u ug{ ;S5 / s;}n] ;b'kof]u ug{ g;Sbf ljkb\ em]Ng'k5{ . ljkb\n] dflg;sf] ;fdflhs, dfgl;s / ;+j]ufTds kl/jt{g NofpF5 . dflg;s} sltko lg0f{on] ljkb\ NofpF5 . cGwljZjf;sf sf/0fn] ljkb\df w]/} Iflt x'G5 . dflg; kL8f ef]Ug afWo x'G5 . dflg;n] ltg} kL8f / Ifltaf6 aRg gofF s'/f l;S5 / hfu?s aG5 . ljkb\kl5 dflg;df ;]jfefj / d]nldnfksf] efj klg hufpF5 . To;}n] w]/} ;ª\3;+:yf vf]nL ;]jf ug{ nflukg{' k5{ . g]kfndf @)&@ ;fn j}zfv !@, !# / @( ut] uPsf] dxfe"sDkn] 7"nf] Iflt eof] . Ifltkl5 cfjf; lgdf{0fdf w]/} kl/jt{g cfPsf] 5 . ljkb\n] dflg;df :jf:Yo, lzIff, cfjf; ;a} s'/fdf kl/jt{g NofPsf] 5 . s;/L ;'/lIft x'g] eGg] r]tgf km}lnPsf] 5 . ljkb\eGbf klxn] dflg; w]/} cGwljZjf;df lyP . ljkb\kl5 dflg;df w]/} s'/fdf kl/jt{g ePsf] 5 . cGttM ljkb\n] Ifltsf ;fy;fy} kl/jt{g klg NofpF5 . dflg;df ;]jf ug'k5{ eGg] 1fg lbG5 . dflg;nfO{ cfkm"df ePsf] ;Lk / ljj]ssf] ;b'kof]u ug{'k5{ eGg] l;sfpF5 . ljkb\kl5 dflg;df Ps k|sf/sf] 5'6\6} kl/jt{g NofpF5 .


zf/Ll/s / dfgl;s b'a} Iflt x'g ;S5

– /lGht g]kfnL hgHof]tL dfWoflds ljBfno, nflknfË, bf]nvf

ljkb\ eg]sf] s'g} k|fs[lts jf dfgjLo sf/0faf6 7"nf]

hgwgsf] Iflt eO{ dfgjsf] ;fdflhs hghLjgdf k|efj kg]{

36gf xf] . ljkb\af6 l;h{gf x'g] cj:yfnfO{ lj:yfkg

elgG5 .

k|fs[lts k|sf]k eGgfn] k|s[ltdf cfkm}+ pTkGg x'g] h:t}M e"sDk, af9L, klx/f],

lxdtfn, lj:kmf]6, Hjfnfd'vL, ;'gfdL ;fd'lb|s cfFwLh:tf 36gf x'g\ . dfgj

l;lh{t k|sf]k eg]sf dfgjåf/f l;lh{t k|sf]kx? h:t}M jftfj/0f k|b"if0f,

cfunfuL, åGåh:tf lqmofsnfk x'g\ . dfgj / k|s[lt cfkmF} pTkGg u/]sf

lqmofsnfkx?n] dfgjLo Iflt, jftfj/0f ljgfz, wghgsf] Iflt ePsf tYo

ljZjdf km]nf kl/;s]sf 5g\ . o;sf sf/0f, c;/ / lgoGq0fsf pkfoaf/] ;hu

x'g'k5{ . k|fs[lts k|sf]k / dfgjLo lqmofsnfk dfgjLo sf/0fn] pTkGg x'G5g\ .

o:tf ljkb\n] dfgjnfO{ dfq xf]Og, k[YjLdf hlt pTkGg ePsf hLjnfO{ ;d]t

k|ToIf ?kdf c;/ kb{5 . pbfx/0fsf nflu jghª\undf cfunfuL x'Fbf

r/fr'?ª\uL cGo ljleGg k|sf/sf hLjnfO{ ;d:of kb{5 . pgLx?sf] af;:yfg

/xg ;Sb}g, nf]kf]Gd'v hgfj/x? ljgfz x'G5g\ jf ;ª\s6df kg{ ;Sb5g\ .

k|fs[lts k|sf]k h:t} M cfFwL, klx/f], af9L, e"sDkh:tf k|sf]kn] jg:klt ljgfzsf

;fy;fy} hgwgsf] Iflt x'g ;S5 . afnaflnsf 6'x'/f] x'G5g\, afnaflnsfn]

cfdfa'jf u'dfpF5g\ . ;Gtfg gx'g], ljleGg dxfdf/L km}ng], hnjfo' kl/jt{g x'g]

h:tf ;d:of Nofpg] ub{5 . hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf sf/0f o; k|sf/ 5g\ M

hgf;ª\Vof j[l4

hgr]tgfsf] sdL

jghª\un ljgfz

dfgj dfgjaLr c:j:ys/ k|lt:kwf{


hgr]tgfsf] sdLn] gbLsf] lsgf/df a:tL a;fNg' dfgjLo lqmofsnfksf sf/0f

w]/} gsf/fTds c;/ pTkGg x'g] h:tf ljleGg ljkb\x? cfOk5{g\ . lj=;+= @)&!

;fpg !^ ut] l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf] dfª\vfsf] h'/]df sl/a ;f9] tLg ah]lt/ uPsf]

klx/f]n] ;'gsf];L gbL y'lgFbf * hgfsf] d[To' eof] . #( hgf 3fOt] / Ps ;o

hgf a]kQf eP . b'O{ bh{geGbf a9L 3/ k"0f{?kdf Iflt eO{ !! cf]6f lhNnf pRr

hf]lvddf lyP . ljZjdf klxnf] / bf];|f] ljZjo'4sf sf/0f sl/a tLg ca{eGbf

a9L dflg;sf] d[To' ePsf] lyof] . g]kfndf @)&@ ;fn j}zfv !@, !# / @( ut]

uPsf] e"sDksf sf/0f sl/a em08} ( xhf/ dflg;sf] d[To' eof] eg] sl/a #

nfveGbf a9L 3/ k"0f{?kdf Wj:t ePsf] lyof] . e"sDkn] !$ cf]6f lhNnf k|efljt

ePsf lyP . o:tf lqmofsnfkn] dflg;nfO{ zf/Ll/s kIfsf ;fy;fy} dfgl;s

?kdf Iflt k'¥ofpF5 . e"sDkn] dflg;nfO{ dfgl;s ?kdf ;Gt'ng u'dfpg] h:tf

zf/Ll/s ;d:of xftv'6\6f efFlRrg] h:tf ;d:of NofPsf] 5 . o;n] dflg;nfO{

lgDg c;/ u5{ M

hgwgsf] Iflt

dfgjsf] Iflt

;fdflhs hghLjg c;/

ljleGg /f]usf] dxfdf/L

g]kfn e"sDkLo lx;fan] !! :yfgdf hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf lx;fadf rf/ :yfgdf /

kfgLsf] vt/fsf] lx;fan] #) cf}+ :yfgdf kb{5 . g]kfndf a;]{gL sl/a Ps xhf/

hgfsf] d[To' x'g] / sl/a tLg nfv #( xhf/ k|efljt x'g] u/]sf] tYofª\s

kfOG5 . xfdLn] o:tf ;d:of pTkGg u/]/ dfq xF'b}g . ltgLx?sf] ;dfwfg klg

ug{ hfGg'k5{ .

o:tf ;d:of ;dfwfg jf ljkb\ Joj:yfkg lgDg sfo{af6 ug{ ;lsG5M

k|fylds pkrf/sf] Joj:yf

cfkt\sfnLg emf]nf

/fxt tyf p4f/ ;fdu|Lsf] Joj:yf


kLl8tnfO{ cfjZos ;xof]u / ljkb\\af6 aRg k"j{tof/Lsf] sfo{ xfdLn] ljkb\

cfpg'cufl8 ug]{ sfo{x? x'g\ . ljkb\ cfpFbf ;fjwfgL ckgfpg] / afnaRrfsf]

;'/Iff ug]{ h:tf sfo{ ug'k5{ . ljkb\kl5 xfdLn] /fxt tyf p4f/sf ;fy;fy}

jghª\unsf] ;+/If0f, j[If/f]k0f, lzIffdf hf]8, hgr]tgfd"ns sfo{qmd ;~rfng /

;8s gf6s k|bz{g ug'{sf ;fy}, hg;ª\Vof lgoGq0f ug{'kb{5 .

ljkb\ eg]/ dflg;n] VofnVofn ug'{ xF'b}g . ljkb\ k6s–k6s klg cfpg ;S5 .

ljkb\ Go"gLs/0fsf pkfo pkgfpg' / c?nfO{ klg ckgfpg k|f]T;fxg ug'{k5{ .

nf]kf]Gd'v hLjx?sf] ;+/If0f ug'{, k[YjLnfO{ x/fe/f agfpg', dfgjnufot cGo

hLjhGt'x?sf] ;+/If0f u/L k[YjLdf cl:tTj hf]ufpg d2t ug'{ dfgjsf] st{Jo jf

bfloTj xf] . dflg;n] ubf{ ljleGg k|sf]k l;h{gf ug'{ eg]sf] cfˆgf] v'6\6fdf

cfkm}Fn] aGr/f] xfGg' xf] . xfdLn] o:tf] ;d:of cfpg lbg' x'Fb}g . elgG5, ;d:of

cfP/ ;dfwfg ug'{eGbf ;d:of cfpg glbg' g} pQd pkfo xf] . xfdL dfgjn]

cGo hLjx?sf] ;+/If0f gug'{ k[YjLsf] ;+/If0f ug]{ sfo{df gnfUg' eg]sf] dfgj

x'g'sf] cl:tTj gx'g' xf] . xfdL dfgj k[YjLsf] ;+/If0f ug]{ hLjx?sf] cl:tTj

hf]ufpg] / ljkb\\ cfpg' glbg' xfd|f] st{Jo xf] .


ljkb\ / lj:yfkgsf] Joyf

– gjLg j:g]t hgHof]tL dfWolds ljBfno, nflknfË, bf]nvf

ljkb\ eGgfn] k|fs[lts jf dfgjåf/f l;lh{t 36gfx?sf]

clk|o kl/0ffd xf] . o;n] dfgj ;d'bfo / /fi6«sf] Joj:yfkg

IfdtfeGbf a9L kl/df0f dfu ub{5 . o;n] ;fdfGo hLjgdf

c;/ kfg]{ sfd ub{5 . ljkb\ eg]sf] o:tf] kl/l:ylt jf 36gf xf] . h;n] kL8f

jf lrGtf NofpF5 . ljkb\ b'O{ k|sf/sf 5g\, k|fs[lts ljkb\ / dfgj l;lh{t

ljkb\ . k|fs[lts ljkb\df e"sDk, Hjfnfd'vL, ;'gfdL, cl;gf cflb kb{5g\ .

dfgjåf/f l;lh{t ljkb\df cfunfuL, cftª\sjfbL cfqmd0f cflb kb{5g\ . ljkb\

dfgjn] hflghfgL cyjf k|fs[ltdf cfpg] Pp6f clk|o 36gf xf] . o;n] ubf{ w]/}

hgwgsf] Iflt x'g'sf ;fy} dfgjx? 3/af/ljxLg ePsf] kfpg ;lsG5 .

crfgf]sf] Joyf v's'/LnfO{ s] yfxf eg]em}+ k|s[ltdf w]/} ljkb\ kg]{ u/]sf 5g\, h;n]

ubf{ dfgj ;d'bfonufot ;hLjx?nfO{ lgs} lk/, lrGtf, kL8fJoyf k/]sf] x'G5 .

dfgj jf ;hLjx?nfO{ o:tf] Joyf k/]sf] x'G5 t/ kg]{nfO{ afx]s cGonfO{ o;sf]

k|ToIf kL8f x'Gg . ljkb\df k/]/ w]/} dflg; ckfª\u, 3fOt], d[To' / 3/af/ljxLg

;d]t x'g k'u]sf] kfOG5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf dfgj ;d'bfosf] Joyfsf] c;/ s;}nfO{

k|ToIf yfxf xF'b}g . dfgjnfO{ ljkb\ k/]/ Ps :yfgaf6 csf]{ :yfgdf a;fOF ;/]/

hfg'kg]{ x'G5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf dflg;x?nfO{ rflxg] cfwf/e"t cfjZostfb]lv

c? w]/} s'/fsf] cefj k/]sf] x'G5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf dfgjnfO{ cfˆgf] sf]xL

gePsf] dx;'; x'G5 . o:t} ljkb\ k/]/ dflg;nfO{ ;fdflhs, dfgl;s Pjd\ w]/}

lk/ k/]sf] x'G5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf sltkon] cfˆgf] Hofg;d]t u'dfpg k'u]sf 5g\ .

ljkb\n] ubf{ sltko dflg;x?n] dfgl;s ;Gt'ng ;d]t u'dfpg k'Ub5g\ .

;+;f/ abNg' 5 eg] cfkmF}af6 ;'? ug'{k5{ eg]em}+ k[YjLdf /x]sf dflg;n] k[YjLnfO{

ljgfz ug{af6 hf]ufpg'k5{ . o;n] ubf{ klg dflg;nfO{ ljkb\ kg{ ;S5 . ljZjdf


pBf]uwGbf, snsf/vfgfsf] w'jfFw'nf]n] ubf{ cf]hg tx )# kftlnFb} uPsf]

s'/f j}1flgsx?sf] vf]hcg';Gwfgaf6 k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5 . cf]hg tx )# n]

ubf{ ;"o{af6 k[YjLdf cfpg] xflgsf/s ls/0fx? 5]Sg uO{ k[YjLdf a;f]jf;

ug]{ ljleGg ;hLjx?nfO{ xflgsf/s /f]ux?af6 aRg d2t u/]sf] 5 . dflg;x?n]

snsf/vfgaf6 lg:s]sf] w'jfFw'nf]nfO{ sd ug]{ xf] eg] klg ljkb\af6 aRg

;lsG5 . k[YjL k|b"if0fsf sf/0f Snf]/f]ˆnf]/f] sfa{gsf] dfqf klg a9\b} uPsf]

kfOG5 . dflg;x? k[YjLdf ljsf; eof] eG5g\, ljsf;;Fu} ljgfz klg ePsf]

kfOG5 . k[YjLdf cf0fljs e§L nufot o:tf w]/} k|sf/sf] Uof;sf] Go"gLs/0f ug]{

xf] eg] ljkb\af6 aRg ;lsG5 .

g]kfndf @)&@ ;fn !@, !# / @( ut] uPsf] ljgfzsf/L e"sDksf sf/0f w]/}

;+/rgf Ifltu|:t ePsf 5g\ . o;sf] lgdf{0ftkm{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] Wofg s]lGb|t

x'g'k5{ . e"sDkdf k/L xhf/fF} JolQmx? 3/af/ljxLg ePsf 5g\ . @)&@ j}zfv !@

ut] g]kfnsf s]xL If]qx?nfO{ w]/} 7"nf] ljkb\ k/]sf] lyof] . o; ljkb\af6 w]/}

JolStx?sf] ;+/rgf eUgfjz]if cj:yfdf k'u] . o; a]nf JolStx? ljkb\df k/L

a;fOF ;/fO ug'{kg]{ l:ylt klg cfof] . o:tf] l:ylt cfpFbf g]kfnsf s]xL

lhNnfsf JolStx?nfO{ k'glg{df{0fsf] Psbd} 7"nf] dxTTj lyof] . tyflk s}of}+

dflg;x? e"sDaf6 k|efljt ePkl5 dgf]kLl8t ;d]t ePsf lyP . ljkb\sf] lrGtfn]

s]xL JolStx?sf] d[To' ePsf] lyof] .

g]kfndf dfq geP/ ljZjdf o:tf k|s/sf ljkb\x? w]/} ePsf] kfOG5 . ljZjdf

lbgk|ltlbg cftª\sjfbL cfqmd0fdf d[To' x'g]sf] ;ª\Vof w]/} k'u]sf] kfOG5 . o;n]

ubf{ w]/} JolSt kL8f ;x]/ ;ª\3if{;fy afFRg'kg]{ l:ylt cfpF5 . ljZjdf

cftª\sjfbL cfqmd0fh:tf ljkb\ lbgx'F al9/x]sf] kfOG5 . o;n] ubf{ w]/}

hgwgsf] Iflt x'g'sf ;fy} dfgjLo Iflt ePsf] kfOG5 . cltj[li6, cgfj[li6,

cNkj[li6n] ubf{ ljZjsf w]/} 7fpFdf cDn jiff{ x'g], v8]/L kg]{ h:tf ljkb\x? klg

kg]{ ub{5g\ . o;nfO{ Go"gLs/0f ug{ jftfj/0f ;kmf /fVg'k5{ . o:tf] vfnsf]

ljkb\ g]kfnsf w]/} 7fpFdf kg{ uO{ dflg;x? lrlGtt ePsf 5g\ .


sltko dflg;x? ljkb\ eO;s]kl5 dfq Go"gLs/0fsf sfd u5{g\ . ljZjdf o:tf

JolStx? 5g\, ljkb\ cfPkl5 dfq o;nfO{ Go"gLs/0f ug]{ pkfosf af/]df

Wofgs]lGb|t eP/ cl3 a9\5g\ . ljZjdf ;a} 7fpFdf o:tf] 36gf x'g] u/]sf]

kfOG5 . ljZjsf w]/} JolStx? ljkb\ cfO;s]kl5 dfq ;ts{tf b]vfpF5g\ . xfd|}

ufpFsf] pbfx/0f lng'kbf{ oxfF e"sDk cfpg'cl3 e"sDk k|lt/f]wL 3/x? ag]g\ . t/

e"sDk uO;s]kl5 s]xL dfqfdf e"sDk k|lt/f]wL 3/ aGg yfn]sf 5g\ .

ljkb\ / lj:yfkgsf] Joyf ;a}n] ef]Ug'kg]{ k|fs[lts jf dfgjLo 36gf xf] . o;af6

aRg g]kfn ;/sf/ / o;;Fu ;DalGwt ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfn] hgr]tgf

hufpg'kg]{ x'G5 . o:tf] u/]df g]kfnsf ;a} JolStx? lzlIft / ;';"lrt eP/

ljkb\af6 aRg ;S5g\ . ljkb\af6 jRgsf ;a}n] hgr]tgf hufP/ ;a}n] o;af6

cfpg] c;dfGo 36gfx?af6 aRgsf nflu of]hgf agfpg'k5{ . ljkb\af6 aRgsf

nflu ljZjsf ;a} JolQmx?n] kxn u?g\ .


ljkb\ / lj:yfkg

– /f]zg vqL >L hgHof]tL dfWoflds ljBfno, nflknfË, bf]nvf

7"nf] hgwgsf] Iflt x'g'sf ;fy} k|s[ltdf ;d]t x|f; cfpg] u/L ePsf c;fdfGo 36gfnfO{ ljkb\ elgG5 . ljkb\n] xfdLnfO{ cfˆgf] 3/ / ufpF 5f]8]/ cGt} hg'kg]{ cj:yf l;h{gf u/fpF5, To;nfO{ lj:yfkg elgG5 . ljkb\n] ubf{ pTkGg ePsf ;d:of h:t}M dfgjLo ;d:of, cfly{s ;d:of jf jftfj/0fLo ;d:of / ef}uf]lns ;d:ofnfO{ xfdL ;a}n] ef]Ug'k5{ . oxL g} xfd|f] afWotf xf] . Hjfnfd'vL lj:kmf]6, e"sDk, ;fd'lb|s cfFwL, lxdtfn lj:kmf]6g, dxfdf/L, ad lj:kmf]6h:tf ljkb\n] xfd|f] b}lgs hLjgdf gsf/fTds c;/df ub}{g 7"nf] dfqfdf hgwgsf] Iflt klg x'g hfG5 . g]kfndf @)&@ ;fnsf] ljgfzsf/L dxfe"sDkn] nueu ( xhf/ dflg;sf] d[To' eof] . ljsf; lgdf{0fsf ;+/rgf tx;gx; ug'{sf ;fy} w]/} dflg;sf 3/ elTsP / pgLx? ;ª\s6f;Gg cj:yfdf k'u] . To;}u/L ;g\ @)!@ df cGgk"0f{ lxdklx/f]n] w]/} dflg;sf] Hofg uof] . ;g\ !(^* / ;g\ !(*% df klg g]kfndf lxdtfn lj:kmf]6g eO{ ljkb\ cfOk/]sf] lyof] . ljkb\ b'O{ k|sf/sf 5g\M dfgj lgld{t ljkb\ / k|fs[lts ljkb\ . dfgj lgld{t ljkb\cGtu{t xjfO{ tyf ;8s b'3{6gf, o'4 / ad lj:kmf]6, cf0fljs e6\6L b'3{6gf cflb kb{5g\ . ;jf/Lrfnsn] dfbs kbfy{ ;]jg u/]/ ;jf/L ;fwg rnfpg', dflg;dflg;aLr b':dgL a9\g', cf0fljs xltof/ tyf ad k/LIf0f ug'{, hª\un kmF8fgL ug'{, vf]nf tyf au/af6 hyfefaL lu6L9'Ëf lemSg' h:tf sf/0fn] dfgj l;lh{t ljkb\ cfOnfU5g\ . ;jf/Lrfnssf] nfk/afxLn] ;jf/L b'3{6gf x'Fbf 3]/} hgwgsf] Iflt x'G5 . s]xL ;docl3 sfe|]sf] sf]zLkf/L ;jf/L b'3{6gf x'Fbf w]/} dflg;sf] Hofg uPsf] lyof] . cf0fljs ad k/LIf0f ubf{ w]/} hgwgsf] Ifltdfq x'Fb}g k|fs[lts ;Gt'ngd} u8a8L


pTkGg x'G5 . h:t}M pQ/ sf]l/ofn] cf0fljs ad k/LIf0f ubf{ w]/} nueu % /]S6/ :s]nsf] e"sDk uof] . 6sL{, l;l/ofh:tf b]zdf åGå l;h{gf x'Fbf ToxfFsf w]/} dflg;sf] Hofg uof] eg] jftfj/0fdf klg k|lts"n c;/ k/]sf] 5 . hldg, kfgL / jfo' k|b"if0f xF'bf hnjfo' kl/jt{g eO{ ljleGg dxfdf/L km}ng'sf] ;fy} w]/} dflg;sf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . xfdLn] ljkb\ lgoGq0f ug{ ;Sb}gf}+ t/ ljkb\af6 pTkGg x'g] hf]lvdrflxF Go"gLs/0f ug{ ;S5f}+ . ljkb\ Go"gLs/0fsf nflu hgr]tgfd"ns sfo{qmd l;h{gf ug]{, åGånfO{ b'j} kIfsf] dGh'/Ldf ;dfwfg ug]{, ;/sf/n] ljleGg gLltlgod agfP/ nfu" ug]{h:tf lqmofsnfk ug{ ;lsG5 . k|fs[lts ljkb\cGtu{t e"sDk, Hjfnfd'vL, ;fd'lb|s cfFwL, lxdtfn, lj:kmf]6h:tf y'k|} ljkb\n] xfd|f] hLjgdf kf/]sf c;/x? o; k|sf/ 5 . lrnLdf uPsf] *=* /]S6/ :s]nsf] e"sDkn] nfvf}+ dflg;nufot hgwgdf Iflt eof] . ;g\ !(^% df ;u/dfyf If]qdf lxdtfn lj:kmf]6 x'Fbf w]/} a:tL k'l/of] . lj=;+= @)&! ;fndf l;Gw'kfNrf]sdf uPsf] klx/f]n] w]/} dflg;sf] d[To' eof] eg] sof}+ 3/ k'l/of] . lj=;+= @)&@ ;fnsf] e"sDkn] xhf/f}+ dflg;sf] d[To' eof] . g]kfnsf k|fs[lts ;Dkbf, wfld{s ;Dkbf Pjd\ k'/ftflTjs ;Dkbfdf 7"nf] Iflt eof] . o:tf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu ljkb\ cfpg ;S5 egL ;a}nfO{ hgr]tgf

hufpg'k5{ / cfkt\sfnLg emf]nf tof/L cj:yfdf /fVg'k5{ . To:t} ljkb\sf

b[li6n] ;'/lIft 7fpF 5gf]6 u/]/ k"j{tof/L cj:yfdf a:g'k5{ . ljkb\ cfpFbf wo{

u/L / ;'/lIft 7fpFdf uP/ a:g'k5{ . ljkb\ cfO;s]kl5 l56f] /fxtsf] Joj:yf

ug]{, p4f/sfo{sf] yfngL / ;xof]uL xftx? a9fpg'k5{ . ljkb\n] ufpF3/af6 6f9f

hfg'kg]{ cj:yf cfpg ;S5 . kSsf, afnd}qL / e"sDk y]Ug] 3/ / ejg

agfpg'k5{ . ljkb\df k/]sfnfO{ /fxt tyf vfBfGgsf] Joj:yf ug'{k5{ . ljleGg

sfo{qmd agfO{ cufl8 a9\g'k5{ . xfd|f] b]z e"sDkLo b[li6n] !! :yfg / hnLo

b[li6n] #) cf}+ :yfgdf k5{ . xfd|f] b]zdf a;]{lg Ps xhf/eGbf a9Lsf] d[To' x'G5 .

nueu # nfveGbf a9L larNnLdf k5{g\ . ca o:tf ljklQnfO{ ;fdgf ubf{

xfdLn] lhDd]jf/Lk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'{k5{ .


xfdL w]/}sf] hLjg pynk'yn ePsf] 5

– ;'hgf yfkf >L u0f]z df=lj=, dem'jf, l;Gw'nL

@)&@ ;fn j}zfv !@ ut] uPsf] ljgfzsf/L e"sDksf sf/0f xfdL w]/}sf] hLjg pynk'yn agfPsf] 5 . e"sDksf] wSsf &% j6} lhNnfdf uP klg !$ lhNnfdf Jofks hgwgsf] Iflt eof] . e"sDkdf k/L w]/} dflg;sf] d[To' eof] eg] afFr]sf dflg; klg larNnLdf k/] . sxfF a:g], s] vfg] eGg] lrGtfn] w]/} dflg;nfO{ ;tfof] . 3/ gePkl5 a:g] 7fpFsf] lrGtf x'g' :jfefljs} xf] . To;}n] w]/}sf] dg rls{g k'Uof] . &=* /]S6/sf] e"sDkn] hldg xNnfPsf] Tof] kn ;lDemFbf cem} klg d]/f] dg xlNn/xG5 . dflg;x? cfˆgf] 3/af; h:tf] eP klg ;'vb'Mv u/]/ hLjg lgjf{x ub}{ cfPsf lyP . xfjfn] p8fPemF} u/L cfPsf] ljgfzsf/L e"sDkn] ubf{ w]/} dflg;sf] hLjg w'hfw'hf kfl/lbPsf] 5 . hldgsf] wSsfn] ubf{ s;}n] cfdfa'jf, s;}n] 5f]/f5f]/L, s;}n] bfh'efO / s;}n] lbbL alxgL u'dfpg'k¥of] . kfs]sf] eft vfg gkfO{ qf;}qf;df a:g'k¥of] . slnnf afnaflnsfx? cfdfsf] b"w r':g gkfO{ KofsKofstL k/] . clxn] dnfO{ s;}n] e"sDksf] s'/f u¥of] eg] dg To;} lr/flr/f x'G5 . 3/af/ljxLg cleefjssf ;fgf;fgf afnaflnsf emg larNnLdf k/]sf 5g\ . pgLx? kfnd'lg al;/x]sf 5g\ . lxpFbsf] lr;f] / avf{sf] emdemd kfgL kbf{ w]/} kLl8t si6s/ hLjg latfO/x]sf 5g\ . kfnd'lgsf] hLjg sxfF cfgGbbfoL x'G5 / < t/ klg afFRg] cf;df w]/} dflg;n] lxpFb jiff{ kfnd'lg g} latfPsf 5g\ . kfnd'lg a:g'kbf{ ;fgf afnaflnsf w]/} ;d:ofdf k5{g\ . pgLx?sf nflu vfg]s'/f x'Fb}g . ;/;kmfOdf Wofg glbFbf w]/} vfnsf /f]u lgDtg ;S5g\ . o:tf] cj:yfdf cfdfafa'sf] dg To;} lr/flr/f x'G5 . ljgfzsf/L e"sDkn] w]/}sf] Hofg n'6\of], w]/}sf] ufF;afF; / skf; n'6\of] . kLl8tnfO{ Ps 5fs vfg / n'uf nufpg t Tolt ufx|f] x'Fb}g t/ af;sf nflu d'G6f] n'sfpg] 3/ s;/L lgdf{0f ug]{ eGg] s'/fn] dflg;sf] dg lrGtfdf k5{ . ;/sf/n] ;xof]u u5{' eg] tfklg e"sDk uPsf] nfdf] ;do laTbf klg w]/} kLl8tsf] 3/ k'glg{df{0f x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . k};f x'g]x?n] cfˆgf] 3/ cfkmF}n] lgdf{0f u/]sf 5g\ t/ ul/ax? laxfglbpF;f] sfdd} Jo:t 5g\ . pgLx?nfO{ l56} 3/ s;/L aG5 eGg] lrGtf 5 . ;/sf/n] pgLx?sf] rs]{sf] dgdf ;fGTjgf lbg] vfnsf sfo{qmd Nofpg'k5{ .


hLjge/Lsf] ldlxg]t Ps ldg]6d} ;vfk – ;'dg bfxfn >L u0f]z dfWolds ljBfno, dem'jf @, l;Gw'nL

dflg; a;f]af; ug]{ ;+/rgfnfO{ 3/ elgG5 . 3/ dflg;sf]

OR5f, cfly{s cj:yfcg';f/ ljleGg k|sf/sf agfOG5g\ .

u|fdL0f e]udf 9'ª\uf, df6f], sf7 cflbsf] k|of]u u/]/ 3/

agfOG5 eg] ;x/L e]udf OF6f, 9'ª\uf, l;d]G6, sf7 cflb k|of]u u/]/ agfOlbG5 .

3/ elTsg'sf] cy{ 3/ n8\g' xf] . dg eg]sf] cfTdf xf] . sDKo'6/nfO{ sfo{ ug{

ljleGg ;km\6j]o/n] lgb]{zg lbPh:t} dflg;sf cª\ux? ;~rfng / lgoGq0f ug{

dgn] lgb]{zg lbG5 . dg ;'vdf /dfpF5 / b'Mvdf lrlGtt x'G5 .

dflg;nfO{ cfjZos kg]{ ljleGg ef}lts j:t'x?dWo] 3/ cTofjZos xf] . 3/n]

dflg;nfO{ udL{df zLtn / hf8f]df Gofgf] lbG5 . 3/n] dflg;nufot dflg;sf]

wghgnfO{ klg zLt cflbaf6 arfpF5 . lj=;+= @)&@ j}zfv !@, !# / @( ut]sf]

dxfljgfzsf/L e"sDkn] w]/} dflg; 3/af/ljxLg eP . pQm cj:yfnfO{ df}sfsf

?kdf kl/0ft ub}{ s]xL bnfnn] ld7f] vfg], /fd|f] nufpg] cfzf b]vfP/

ef/tnufot ljleGg b]zdf nu]/ b]zsf s0ff{wf/ dflgg] afnaflnsfnfO{ a]r] .

sltnfO{ ljleGg ;ª\3;+:yfn] p4f/ u/] . To;sf/0f afnaflnsf a]rlavgaf6

arfpgsf nflu klg 3/sf] lgs} dxTTj 5 . dg lrl/of] eg] dflg;n] ;xg

;Sb}g, sfd ug{ ;Sb}g . dflg;sf] aflx/L cª\udf rf]6 nfUof] eg] pkrf/ ug{

;lsG5 t/ dgdf rf]6 nfu]df pkrf/ ug]{ cf}ifwL x'Fb}g . g]kfndf ljsf;sf nflu

w]/} ;|f]t / ;fwg 5g\ t/ To;sf] ;b'kof]u ug{ g;Sbf wg cfh{g cfzfn] lbgx'F

xhf/fF} o'jf hUufhldg a]r]/ ;fx'sf] C0fdf 8'a]/ / Hofgsf] dfof df/]/ vf8Lsf]

d'n'sdf hfG5g\ . ljb]zdf si6 u/]/ sdfPsf] k};f g]kfndf cfP/ 3/ lgdf{0f

ub{5g\ . lj=;+= @)&@ sf] e"sDkn] ;f/f g]kfnLsf] hLjgel/sf] d]x]gtnfO{ Ps}

ldg]6df eUgfjz]ifdf kl/0ft ul/lbof] . g]kfnLsf] 3/ elTsof] / hLjge/sf]

ldx]gt Ps} ldg]6df ;vfk x'Fbf dg lrl/of] . 3/ dfq elTsPg, 3/df ePsf]


cGgkft df6f]df ldl;of] . e"sDkn] g]kfnsf] ljZj ;Dkbfdf ;"rLs[t P]ltxfl;s

;DklQx? eQmk'/ b/af/ If]q, kf6g b/af/ If]q / cGo :yfg cflbdf Iflt k'Uof] .

dflg;sf] ;DklQ dfq ljgfz ePg ljZjs} ;DklQsf] ljgfz eof] . g]kfndf a;]{gL

ljleGg k|fs[lts k|sf]kn] Iflt ul//x]sf] 5 . k|fs[lts k|sf]knfO{ /f]Sg / 5]Sg

;lsFb}g .

k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6 aRg eg] ;lsG5 . k|fs[lts k|sf]k slxn] cfpF5 eGg] s'/f

lglZrt xF'b}g t/ s'g} a]nf cfpF5 eGg] s'/f lglZrt x'G5 . k|fs[lts k|sf]k ;a}

k|f0fLn] ef]Ug}k5{ . elgG5, dflg;nO{ k|fs[lts k|sf]k jf e"sDkn] df5{ . t/ of]

s'/f ;To xf]Og e"sDkn] slxNo} dflg;nfO{ dfb{}g . dflg;n] g} lgdf{0f u/]sf]

;+/rgf eTs]/ dflg;sf] Hofg hfG5 . g]kfndf sl/a *) b]lv !)) jif{leq 7"nf]

Pp6f e"sDk hfg] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . e"sDkaf6 aRg e"sDk k|lt/f]wL ;+/rgf

lgdf{0f ug'{k5{ . xfdLn] k|fs[lts k|sf]k ef]Ug'k/] tfklg efjL k':tfn] o:tf] k|fs[lts

k|sf]k ef]Ug' gkg]{ sfo{ ug'{k5{ . xfdLnfO{ ljkb\n] r]tgf lbPsf] 5 . ca lgw{Ss

eP/ alnof] ;+/rgf agfcf}+, cfkm" klg arf}+ / c?nfO{ klg arfcf}+ . g]kfndf

e"sDk cfpFbf kfnsf] b]z ag]sf] lyof] t/ ca e"sDk cfpFbf kfnsf] b]z gagf];\ .

ca lgdf{0f ePsf P]ltxfl;s j:t' gelTsg] u/L lgdf{0f ug'{k5{ . g]kfndf w]/}rf]l6

e"sDk cfPsf] Oltxf; 5 . lj=;+= !(() df3 @ ut] *=$ /]S6/ :s]nsf] / lj=;+=

@)$% df ebf}df e"sDk / lj=;+= @)&@ j}zfv !@ ut] uf]/vfsf] af/kfs s]Gb|laGb'

eP/ &=^ /]S6/ :s]nsf] e"sDk uPsf] lyof] .


v'Nnf cfsfzd'gLsf] a;f]af; ;fFRr} bogLo lyof]

– nl;g 8f]Ndf nfdf >L u0f]z dflj, dem'jf–@, l;Gw'nL

dflg; ;fdflhs Pjd\ ljj]szLn k|f0fL xf] . dflg;df ;Dk"0f{

1fg / r]tgf 5 . To;}n] dflg;n] ljleGg lx+;|s hLjhGt',

xfjf, kfgL / rsf]{ 3fdaf6 aRg 3/ agfP/ a:5 . dflg;n]

;dfhdf ;a};Fu /fd|f] ;DaGw /fV5 . of] ;fdflhs :jefj g} xf] . ;a} dflg;nfO{

cfˆgf] 3/ 7"nf] agfpg] /x/ x'G5 . ;dfhdf Pshgfn] 7"nf] 7"nf] agfof] eg]/

csf]{ JolQmn] klg cfˆgf] ;Dk"0f{ d]xgt 7"nf] 3/ agfpg] s'/fdf vr{ u5{ . o;/L

;dfhdf Psfcsf{aLr k|lt:kwf{ eO{ lgdf{0f ePsf] ;+/rgf sdhf]/ x'G5 . o;n]

ubf{ xfd|f] ;+/rgf s]xL If0fsf] nflu dfq x'g] b]lvG5 . o:tf ;+/rgf k|fs[lts

k|sf]kn] klg elTsg] ;Defjgf kfOG5 . g]kfndf k|fs[lts k|sf]ksf] ?kdf x]bf{

e"sDk d'Vo k|sf]ksf ?kdf lrlgG5 . g]kfnsf] jt{dfg cj:yf e"sDkaf6 clt g}

k|efljt /x]sf] kfOG5 . k|lt:kwf{df lgdf{0f u/]sf] ;+/rgf o:tf] k|sf]kaf6 ;lhn}

Wj:t x'g] ;Defjgf 5 .

!(() / @)&@ df g]kfndf dxfe"sDksf] wSsf dx;'; u/]sf] kfOG5 . @)&@

;fnsf] e"sDksf] dx;'; xfdL ;a}nfO{ 5 . j}zfv !@ sf] Tof] zlgaf/ cfh klg

emnemnL g]kfnLsf] cfFvfdf cfO/xG5 . e"sDk cfof], g]kfnLsf] sdhf]/ 3/

eTsfof] . sltsf] kl/jf/ g} ;vfk kfl/lbof] . g]kfnLsf] dgdf g/fd|f] c;/

k'¥ofof] . cfkmGtsf] d[To' cfkm\g} cfFvfcufl8 d[To' ePsf] b]v]/ sltn] dfgl;s

;Gt'ng;d]t u'dfpg k'u] . To;}n] k|sf]kn] w]/} g]kfnLsf] dg rs]{sf] 5 . Tof]

xfdLn] cg'dfg klg ug{ ;Sb}gfF} . cfkmGtsf] d[To'sf qmddf slt cfdfa'jf cfˆgf]

hLjg ca PSnf] afFRg'kg]{ afWotfdf 5g\ .

tL slnnf afnaflnsf cfˆgf] cfdfa'jflagfsf] ;8ssf] hLjgofkg ubf{sf] kL8f

clg v'nf cfsfzd'lgsf] a;f]af; ;fFRr} bogLo 5 . b'Mv u/]/ agfPsf] 3/sf] Tof]


cj:yf b]Vbf b]Vg]sf] dg t rs]{sf] 5 eg] ef]Ug]sf] dg slt rs]{sf] xf]]nf <

;8ssf] hLjg lhpg afWo afnaflnsfsf nflu /fxt cfP tfklg k"0f{?kn]

kLl8t ePsfn] gkfPsf] s'/f ;dfrf/df ;'Gg kfOG5 .

e"sDk Ps k|fs[lts k|sf]k xf] . o;nfO{ s;}n] /f]Sg / 5]Sg ;Sb}g . o;n]

cfˆgf] ;do klg lgwf{/0f ub}{g . o;n] s;}nfO{ ;"rgf lbP/ klg cfpFb}g . of]

h'g;'s} ;do / cj:yfdf cfpg ;S5 . of] k|s[ltsf] lgod g} xf] . o;nfO{ /f]Sg

g;s] klg Go"gLs/0fsf nflu k"j{tof/L ug{ ;S5f}+ . o;sf nflu s'g} vf; dnd

jf cf}ifwL t 5}Gf t/ k|sf]kaf6 x'g] Iflt sd ug{ dfgjsf] 7"nf] e"ldsf /xG5 .

h;sf nflu xfdLn] lgdf{0f u/]sf] ;+/rgf alnof] / lbuf] ljsf;df jf e"sDk

k|lt/f]wfTds ?kn] lgdf{0f ePsf] x'g'{k5 . xfdLn] ;dod} a'l4 gk'¥ofPsf sf/0f

xfd|f] s/f]8fF}sf] ;DklQ df6f]df ldNg k'u]sf] 5 . ca xfdL o:tf] uNtL km]l/ e'n]/

klg gbf]xf]¥ofcfF} . rs]{sf] dgdf nufpg] s'g} vf; dNxd t 5}g . tfklg xfdL

cfˆgf] eTs]sf] 3/nfO{ k'glg{df{0ftkm{ nfUg'k5{ . cfˆgf] rs]{sf] dgdf nufpg]

dNxdsf] vf]hLtkm{ nfUg'k5{ .


ljrNnL ef]Ug'k¦¥of]

– ;'bLk du/ >L rfFu]:yfg dflj, s]?ª, ;f]n'v'Da'

kfn eg]sf] Pp6f c:yfoL ;fwg xf] h'g ;a} If]qdf k|of]u ul/G5 . kfn Knfl:6saf6 ag]sf] x'G5 . ljleGg k|sf]ksf a]nf kfnsf] k|of]u ul/G5 . g]kfn Pp6f e"kl/j]li6t b]z xf] . g]kfnnfO{ jL/x?sf] b]z, a'4sf] b]z, ;u/dfyfsf] b]z eg]/ lrlgG5 . g]kfn ;fgf] /fi6« xf] . lxdfn, kxf8 / t/fO{ ldnL lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 . g]kfnsf] pQ/tkm{ ljZjdf k|l;4 gfd sdfpg ;kmn, k|Voft uugr'DaL lxdfn /x]sf] kfOG5 . dWokxf8df pkTosf, 6f/ / a];Lx? 5g\ . blIf0f t/fO{ g]kfnsf] cGg e08f/ xf] hxfF cgsG6f/ emf8Ln] h]lnPsf] / w]/} ;dtn e"efu 5g\ . r'/] kj{t, dxfef/t OToflbn] of] 7fpF k|Voft 5 . g]kfn ljZjsf] gS;fdf x]bf{ ;fgf] 5 t/ of] ;fgf] b]z ljljw k|fs[lts ;Dkbfn] el/Psf] kfOG5 . g]kfn ;fFRr} em'k8Ld'lg a:g], 5fk|f]d'lg a:g], s'6Ld'lg a:g], 9'ª\uf / df6fn] ag]sf 3/d'lg a:g] dflg;sf] b]z xf] . of] ;a} yf]s g]kfnnfO{ lrgfpg] dfWod x'g\ . g]kfn em'k8Lx?sf] b]z xf] h;nfO{ kfnsf] ;+1f klg lbg ;lsG5 . kfn Pp6f c:yfoL ?kdf a;f]af; ug]{ ;fwg xf] . rfx] Tof] e"sDk cfPsf] a]nfdf xf];\ jf af9Lklx/f] cfPsf] a]nfdf kLl8tn] oxL kfnleq a;]/ hLjg u'hfg{'kg]{ x'G5 . kfn dflg; a;f]af; ug]{ c:yfoL 3/ xf] . oxfF b'Mv;'v ;ª\ufNb} si6s/ hLjg latfpg'kb{5 . cfkm"n] ef]u]sf b'Mvsf lbg ;DemFb} dflg;x? Pp6f kfnd'lg cf]t nfu]/ al;/x]sf 5g\ . kfnleq a:g] dflg; h'g hft / ju{ clg ;Dk|bfosf] lsg gxf];\ pgLx?n] kfnsf Kjfnx?af6 g]kfnnfO{ x/fe/f b]Vb5g\, ;'Gb/, km/flsnf] / dgdf]lxt b]Vb5g\ . ljZjsf s'g} klg s'gfsfKrfdf g/x]sf s'/fx? klg cfˆg} b]z g]kfndf 5g\ h:tf] pgLx?nfO{ nfUb5 . ljZjsf] 6f]kL ;u/dfyf, 7"nf7"nf clj/n aUg] gbL, 3fF;] kmfF6x?, pkTosf / 6f/x?, hª\unL hgfj/x?, tfn, s'08, kf]v/L OToflbn] g]kfn ;hfP/ agfPsf] Pp6f 3/h:t} 5 . g]kfn axfb'/ g]kfnLn] el/Psf] b]z xf] . oxfF s]sf] sdL 5 / < 9sds km'Ng] u'/fF; / sf]OnL, 8fFkm] / d'gfnsf] ld7f] :j/ / cfjfh klg oxLF 5g\ . g]kfnLx? d]x]gt u5{g\,


kf}/v u5{g\, g]kfnsf] ;Ldf ldRg s;}nfO{ lbFb}gg\ . 3";vf]/L / e|i6frf/L ;hfo lbg tTk/ 5g\ . cfˆgf b;ª\u|f lvofpF5g\ g]kfnL g]kfnnfO{ :ju{h:tf] agfpg, t/ klg k|fs[lts k|sf]kn] ubf{ oL ;a} ;+/rgf Wj:t x'Fb} 5g\ . ;a}eGbf a9L e"sDkn] g} lauf/]sf] 5 . dflg;x? klxn]–klxn] cfˆgf 3/b]lv lnP/ ;dfhdf ljleGg s'/fx? :yfkgf ub{y] . cfˆgf] g]kfn ;'Gb/ agfpg rfxGy] t/ clxn] e"sDkn] dflg;nfO{ t;f{Psf] 5 . clxn] g]kfnL hgtf kfnd'lg al;/x]sf 5g\, si6s/ / eofgs hLjg latfpFb} 5g\ . of] pgLx?sf] afWotf xf] . @)&@ ;fn j}zfv !@ ut] / To;kl5sf ;fgf;fgf $)) eGbf a9L k/fsDkgn] g]kfnLnfO{ ql;t agfPsf] 5 . w]/} hgwgsf] Iflt ePsf] 5 . g]kfndf clxn] xfxfsf/ dlRrPsf] 5 . s}of}+ dflg;sf] d[To' ePsf] 5 eg] s}of}+ dflg; 3fOt] / ckfª\u ag]sf 5g\ . g]kfnLn] laRrnL ef]Ug'k/]sf] 5 . o:Tff] ePkl5 ljZjsf] Wofg g]kfnL hgtf / kLl8t dflg;dfly k'Ug uof] . sltn] cfly{s ;xof]u u/] . sltn] n'ufkmf6f, efF8fs'F8f / kfn ljt/0f u/]sf 5g\ . ljb]zLx?n] JolQmut tkm{af6 klg ;xof]u u/]sf 5g\ t/ ;a}n] /fxt gkfpFbf slt t v'nf cfsfzd'lg g} a;]sf 5g\ . cFWof/f] /ftdf g]kfnLx? h'gtf/fsf] ;xfotf lnFb}5g\ . g]kfnLsf] dg 8/ / qf; clg cg]sfF} s'/fn] lvOFb} 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/n] u/]sf] ckx]ngf ;a} g]kfnL bfh'efOx?n] ;xFb}5g\ . s7\ofª\lu|Fbf] hf8f]df xf];\ jf ;fpgsf] av]{ e]ndf pgLx?n] si6s/ hLjg latfPsf 5g\ . slt dflg; slt a]nf s] x'g] xf]nf eGg] lk/ lrGtfdf 5g\ . g]kfn ;/sf/ clxn];Dd klg lgbfP/ a;]em}+ 5 . g]kfneGbf k5fl8 k/]sf] b]zn] t cfkt\ljkb\ k/]sf a]nf ;fy ;xof]u lbG5 eg] xfd|f] g]kfn rflxF ;':tfPsf] 5 / cem};Dd hgtfsf] OR5fadf]lhd sfo{ u/]sf] 5}g . hgtf cem} klg kfnsf] Kjfnaf6 cfˆgf] g]kfnnfO{ lgofln/x]sf 5g\ . ;/sf/ / /fhgLlts bnx?n] kfnd'lg a;]sf e"sDk kLl8tsf ;d:of ;dfwfg ug'{k5{ .


kfn g} ;fgf] 3/ eof] – lg?tf Yffkf du/ >L r+u]:yfg dfWolds ljBfno, s]?ª–^, ;f]n'v'Da'

lxdfn, kxf8 / t/fO{ ldn]/ g]kfn ag]sf] 5 . pQ/kl§ uugr'DaL lxdfnx? 5g\ eg] dWokxf8L efudf pkTosf 6f/ / a]F;Lx? 5g\ . blIf0f t/fO{ cGgsf] e08f/ xf] . cgsG6f/ emf8Ln] h]lnPsf] t/fO{, r'/] kj{t / dxfef/t kj{t cfsif{s ef}uf]lns ;Dkbf x'g\ . ljZj dfglrqdf x]bf{ g]kfn ;fgf] 5 t/ of] ;fgf] b]z ljljwtfn] el/Psf] 5 . ax'hftLo, ax'eflifs, ax'wfld{s / ax' ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbf g]kfnsf klxrfg x'g\ . ljZjdf g]kfnnfO{ lrgfpg] ljljw tTjx?n] ljZjsf dfgj hfltnfO{ klg cfslif{t u/fPsf] 5 . g]kfnLx? rfx] ;fgf] em'k8Ldf lsg af; ga;'g\, rfx] s'6Ldf, rfx] km';sf] 5fk|f], rfx] 9'Ëfdf6f]n] ag]sf] 3/ / ejgx?df g} . oL ;a} g]kfnLnfO{ lrgfpg] dfWod x'g\ . g]kfn ;fFRr} em'k8Lx?sf] b]z xf] . em'k8LnfO{ kfn klg eGg ;lsG5 . kfn eg]sf] s]xL ;dosf nflu c:yfoL ?kdf a;f]af; ug{ cf]t nfUg] ;fwg xf] . e"sDksf] ;dodf dflg; o;} t kLl8t x'G5 . ljkb\sf a]nf ToxL kfnleq a:g afWo x'G5 . kfnleq pHofnf] xF'b}g, cFWof/f] x'G5 t/ klg dflg; b'Mv k/]sf a]nf cfˆgf] kl/jf/;lxt ToxL kfnleq a:g'k5{ . em'k8L?kL kfnleq a:g] h'g;'s} hft, ju{ / ;d'bfosf dflg;n] cfˆgf] b]z g]kfnnfO{ km/flsnf] b[Zodf b]Vb5 . ljZjdf gePsf w]/} ;Dkbf g]kfndf 5g\ . ljZjsf] 6f]kL ;u/dfyf g]kfndf 5 . 7"nf 7"nf clj/n aUg] gbL oxLF 5g\ . x]l//xg dg nfUg] af3, efn' / d[uh:tf hª\unL hgfj/x? g]kfnleq ;lhPsf 5g\ . ;w}Fel/ xl/ofnL x'g] jf ;bfjxf/b]lv ktem8 / sf]0fwf/L hª\un;d]t c6fPsf 5g\ . sfF;] 3f/Lb]lv lnP/ vfBfGg tyf gub]afnLx? g]kfnsf s'gfsfKrf;Dd plAhPsf 5g\ . k|s[ltn] x/fe/f agfPsf] g]kfn ljZjsf x/]s b]zsf dflg;nfO{ ;fgf] kfnleqaf6 lgofNg rfxG5g\ / x]g{ rfxG5g\ . oxfF s]sf] sdL 5 < 9sds km'Ng] nfnLu'/fF;, 8fFkm] / d'gfnsf] ld7f] cfjfh tyf axfb'/ g]kfnLsf] ;Gtfg eP/ cfkm"nfO{ ljZjdf lrgfpg ;kmn g]kfnLsf] cg'xf/ cfkm}Fdf kf]l6nf 5g\ . d]x]gtL 5g\, kf}/vL 5g\ g]kfnLx? b;gª\u|f lvofP/ g]kfnnfO{ :ju{eGbf klg /fd|f] agfpg / b]Vg rfxG5g\ g]kfnLx? . a'4 / hfgsLsf] b]z ;Ltf / e[s'6Lsf] b]z g]kfndf s]xLsf]


sdL 5}g . oxfF Odfgbf/L 5g\, a'l4dfgL 5g\, ljj]sL 5g\ / bfz{lgs 5g\ . JolQmx? n]vs 5g\, snfsf/ 5g\ slj 5g\ . czflGtsf] sfnf] afbnaf6 klG5P/ ;fgf] kfnleq a;]sf] g]kfnLn] ljZjnfO{ cfkm"lt/ cfslif{t u/fpg rfxG5 . k|fs[lts k|sf]k k/]sf a]nf dflg;n] oxLF kfnleq /x]/ cfˆgf] kl/jf/sf] kfngkf]if0f ug'{kb{5, x'sf{pg'kb{5 . w]/}eGbf w]/} hgtf g]kfndf em'k8Ld'lg, 5fk|f]d'lg, kfnd'lg af; al;/x]sf 5g\ . of] pgLx?sf] afWotf xf], ljjZftf xf] . g]kfndf cfly{s cefjsf sf/0f kfnk'lg af; 5Fb} lyof], emg\ @)&@ ;fn j}zfv !@ ut]sf] e"sDk / To;kl5sf $)) eGbf w]/} k/fsDkgn] w]/} hgwgsf] Iflt eof] . w]/} dflg; d/] . s}of}+ 3fOt] / ckfª\utf eP . xhf/fF} afnaflnsf 6'x'/f eP . ;a} 3/ / ejg 9n], g]kfnLx? larNnLdf k/] . ljleGg /fi6«sf] Wofg e"sDkkLl8t g]kfnLdfly k¥of] . s;}n] nQfsk8f, s;}n] efF8fsF'8f, s;}n] vfBfGg / s;}n] kfnsf] Joj:yf ul/lbP . kfn eg]sf] c:yfoL af;:yfg xf] . e"sDkkLl8tn] ToxL kfnnfO{ Pp6f ;fgf] em'k8L agfP . e"sDk uPsf] b'O{ jif{ laTbf klg s7\ofª\lu|Fbf] hf8f]df xf];\ jf ;fpg] em/Ldf xf];\, ToxL kfndf g]kfnLn] cfˆgf] kl/jf/sf] hLjg si6k"j{s latfpg'k¥of] . cK7\of/f lbgx? cem} nfdf x'Fb} 5g\ . ;xof]u k|fKt u/] klg lk5l8Psf g]kfnLn] 3/ lgdf{0f ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ . sltko kLl8tn] cem} klg /fxt kfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . k"glg{df{0fsf nflu k|flws/0f u7g eP tfklg e"sDkkLl8t g]kfnLnfO{ /sd pknAw u/fpg ;s]sf] 5}g . ToxL kfnleq a;]sf g]kfnLn] oxfFsf /fhgLlts bnx? / ;/sf/sf] sfd ug]{ z}nL x]l//x]sf 5g\ . t/ /fhgLlts lvrftfgLn] b]z c:tJo:t aGb} uPsf] 5 . htftt} czfGt 5, g]kfnLx?n] ;'vsf] ;f; km]g{ kfPsf 5}gg\ . cem} kfnleqsf] g]kfnLn] cfˆgf] g]kfnnfO{ x]l//x]sf 5g\ . ;a} g]kfnLsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg xf];\, kLl8tn] /fxt kfpmg\, b]z ljsf; xf];\ . ltgs} s'/fx?sf] sfdgf ub}{ kfnleq a;]/ lg;fl:;/x]sf g]kfnLn] kfnsf Kjfnaf6 g]kfnsf] pHHjn eljio b]Vg rflx/x]sf 5g\ .


k|sf]k M /fxt / cfxt – cd[t tfdfª >L lj1fg dfWolds ljBfno, nRofË, g'jfsf]6

k|sf]ksf] cy{ cfsl:ds ?kdf cfOkg]{ 36gf jf ljkb\ xf] . ;fdfGotof k|sf]k dfgj lgld{t / k|fs[lts u/L b'O{ k|sf/sf x'G5g\ . e"sDk, af9L, klx/f], cfunfuL, ad lj:kmf]6g, ;fd'lb|s 5fn, cfFwLa]/L cflb k|sf]ksf k|sf/ x'g\ . k|sf]k cfO;s]kl5 k'g:yf{kgfsf nflu lbOg] ;xof]u jf ;'ljwfnfO{ /fxt elgG5 . k|sf]kåf/f kLl8tsf nflu plrt /fxtsf] Joj:yf ul/G5 . cfxtsf] cy{ k|sf]kn] lgDTofPsf] 8/ jf b'Mv xf] . cfxtn] b'Mv, kL8f, 8/, qf;, Joyf cflbnfO{ klg hgfpF5 . k|fs[lts k|sf]k eg]sf] k|s[ltdf ljleGg sf/0fj; cfkm}F pTklQ ePsf] ljkb\ jf 36gf xf] . cfunfuL, ad lj:kmf]6 cflb dfgjLo k|sf]k x'g\ eg] e"sDk, ;d'b|L 5fn, af9Lklx/f] cflb k|fs[lts k|sf]k x'g\ . dfgjLo k|sf]k lgoGq0f ug{ ;lsG5 . h:t}M cfunfuL eO/x]sf] ;dodf o;nfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ ;lsG5 t/ k|fs[lts k|sf]k lgoGq0f ug{ ;lsFb}g . h:t} M e"sDknfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ ;lsFb}g . ljZjsf k|sf]kn] u|l;t b]zdWo] g]kfn klg Ps xf] . g]kfn Pp6f e"kl/j]li6t b]z xf] . oxfFsf] ef}uf]lnstfdf ljljwtf kfOG5 . sdhf]/ e"uf]n ePsf sf/0f b]z ljsf; clt l9nf] x'g] ub{5 . g]kfndf ljleGg k|sf]kx?n] ;tfO/x]sf kfOG5g\ . e"sDk, af9L, klx/f]h:tf k|fs[lts k|sf]kn] g]kfndf yf]/} ;dosf] cGt/fndf 7"nf] Iflt ul//x]sf] 5 . ljz]if u/L g]kfn s]xL ;docl3 uPsf] ljgfzsf/L e"sDkn] kLl8t ag]sf] 5 . g]kfndf @)&@ j}zfv !@ ut] dxfe'sDk uof] . &=* /]S6/ :s]nsf] pQm e"sDksf] s]Gb|ljGb' uf]/vfsf] af/kfs lyof] . dxfe"sDksf] 7"nf] c;/ g]kfnsf !$ lhNnfdf kg{ uof] . e"sDkdf k/L xhf/f}+ g]kfnLn] Hofg u'dfP . xhf/f}+ 3/af/ljxLg eP, s}of}+ dflg; 3fOt] / ckfª\u eP . o; b'MvbfoL k|fs[lts k|sf]kdf k/]sf kLl8t dflg; ;s;sf] hLjg hLpg afWo 5g\ . o:tf] cj:yfdf /fHoåf/f /fxtsf] Joj:yf ug'{kb{5 .


lj=;+ @)&@ ;fnsf] e"sDkkZrft\ /fHon] kLl8tsf nflu ljz]if ;'ljwf jf /fxtsf] Joj:yf ul/lbof] h;n] kLl8tx?sf] b'MvbfoL hLjgdf 6]jf k'Uof] . g]kfn cfkm}+ ljkGg b]z eP/ klg cGo b]zaf6 ;xof]u lnP/ kLl8tx?sf nflu cfwf/e"t cfjZostf h:t}M af;:yfgsf nflu kfn, nufpg nQfsk8f / vfg]s'/fsf] Joj:yf ul/lbof] . o:tf] ;dodf afa'cfdfn] ug{ g;Sg] sfd u/]/ ;/sf/n] hgtfnfO{ 7"nf] u'g nufPsf] lyof] . t/ kLl8tx?sf] cfxtnfO{ eg] cfem;Dd lgoGq0f ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}Gf . dxfe"sDkkZrft\ kLl8tsf nflu :yfoL jf;:yfg lgdf{0f ug{ ah]6 5'6\ofPsf] 5 eg] ;/sf/n] e"sDkkLl8t ufpFdf cfjf;sf nflu cg'bfg ljt/0f ul//x]sf] 5 t/ k"glg{df{0f ;':t 5 . ;/sf/n] ljz]if lsl;dsf] /fxtsf] Joj:yf u/]/ k|sf]ku|:t ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] k'g:yf{kg ug]{ k|of; u/] klg kLl8tsf] leqL cfxtnfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . dxfe"sDkdf kLl8t eP/ cfPsf] /fxt jf ;'ljwfn] cfnf] 3fp 6fNg ;s] klg 3fp lgsf] x'g ;s]sf] 5}Gf . u|fdL0f If]qdf :yfoL af;:yfg lgdf{0fsf nflu ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] ah]6 cl:y/ ;/sf/ tyf s8f lgodsf] cefjdf plrt ?kdf vr{ eO/x]sf] kfOFb}g . k|sf]kkl5 k'g:yf{kgsf nlu /fxtsf] Joj:yf ug]{ / cfxt lgoGq0fdf ;/sf/åf/f plrt d"Nofª\sg ul/Pg eg] g]kfn ljsf;sf] af6f]tkm{ gnfuL ljgfzsf] af6f]tkm{ nfUg a]/ 5}g . To;}n] g]kfn ;/sf/n] kLl8tsf nflu /fxtsf] Joj:yf ug{ / pgLx?sf] cfxt lgoGq0f ug{ ljz]if sfo{ ug'{k5{ . k|sf]kkl5 kLl8tx?sf] p4f/ u/L cfxtsf] cGTo u/]/ Ifltu|:t ;+/rgfsf] k'g:yf{kgf ug{ ;s]df g]kfn c? b]zh:t} ljsf;sf] kydf cl3 a9\g ;Sg]5 .


d'n's kL8f g} kL8fn] el/of]

– ;Gt/fd tfdfª >L afu]Zj/L dfWolds ljBfno,l6:6'Ë–#, dsjfgk'/

ljkb\ eg]sf] s'g} 7"nf] 36gfaf6 k|fs[lts k|sf]k / Jofks

hgwgsf] gfz x'g' eGg] a'lemG5 . xfd|f] b]z g]kfn Pp6f

;fgf] d'n's xf] . pQ/df rLg / blIf0fdf ef/th:tf 7"nf

/fi6«sf] aLrsf] ;fgf] d'n's xf] of] b]z . oxfF k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6 kg]{ ljkb\x?

h'g;'s} ;dodf klg x'g ;S5g\ . s'g} klg ljkb\ / ;d:of dflg;s} sf/0f

pTkGg x'G5g\ . k|fs[lts k|sf]kn] hgwg / dflg;n] lgdf{0f u/]sf ;+/rgfx?

ljgfz x'G5g\ .

ljkb\ ljleGg sf/0fn] b]vf k5{g\ . h:t} M cfunfuL, af9Lklx/f], /f]usf] dxfdf/L,

;'gfdL 5fn, r6\ofª, x'/Latf; cflb x'g\ . dflg;sf] hgwg / lgld{t ;+/rgfsf]

ljgfz ug]{ Pp6f ljkb\ e"sDk klg xf] . e"sDk h'g;'s} a]nf hfg ;S5 . To;n]

7"nf] Iflt / xflggf]S;fgL k'¥ofpF5 . lj=;+= @)&@ ;fn j}zfv !@ ut] uPsf]

ljgfzsf/L e"sDkn] g]kfnsf] ;+/rgf g} ablnlbPsf] 5 . e"sDksf sf/0f g]kfnsf

w]/} 3/w'/L lj:yflkt eP, xhf/f}+ dflg;n] Hofg u'dfP, w]/} dflg; ckfª\u eP/

afFRg'k/]sf] 5 . kl/jf/sf ;b:o u'dfpg'sf] kL8f w]/};FUf 5 . sf]xLsf] 3/ eTs]sf]

kL8f, s;}sf] ;Gtfg u'dfpg'k/]sf] kL8f 5 . kL8f g} kL8fn] ;tfPsf] Tof] b'Mvb

38L clj:d/0fLo 5 .

h'g;'s} ljkb\kl5 dflg;df r]tgfsf] ljsf; x'G5 . 3/x? e"sDk k|lt/f]wL x'g'k5{,

u'0f:t/Lo lgdf{0f ;fdu|L k|of]u ug'{k5{ eGg] s'/fdf e"sDkkLl8t ;r]t ePsf 5g\ .

e"sDkkl5 u|fdL0f a:tLx?df w]/} ;ª\3;+:yfn] /fxt pknAw u/fP . pgLx?n]

cfkt\sfnLg ?kdf vfBfGg, nQfsk8f, cf}ifwL, 6]G6 cflb dfq pknAw u/fPgg\,

;Fu;Fu} hgr]tgfd"ns ;fdu|L klg ljt/0f u/] . To:tf ;fdu|Ln] kLl8tdf hfu/0f

km}nfpg d2t u/]sf] 5 . o'lg;]kmnufotsf ;+3;+:yfn] e"sDksf] qf;df /x]sf


afnaflnsfsf] cfTdan a9fpg] sfo{qmdx? cfof]hgf u/] . To;af6 pgLx?df

/x]sf] qf; sd x'Fb} uof] eg] hf]lvddf k/]sf a]nf s;/L hLjg arfpg] eGg]

hfgsf/L klg k|fKt eof] . o:t} qf; e'nfpgsf nflu /f]rs / dgf]/~hgfTds

sfo{qmd ;~rfng eP .

o:tf sfo{qmdn] afnaflnsfn] ljleGg s'/f l;Sg ;S5g\ . ljleGg ldl8ofaf6

k|rf/k|;f/ x'g] ;Gb]zd"ns ;fdu|Ln] klg kLl8tsf] cfTdan ljsf; x'G5 .

k"glg{df{0fdf h'6\g ldn]sf] xf};nf klg ljkb\n] NofPsf] hfu/0f xf] . t;y{, o:tf

r]tgf / hfu/0f sfo{qmdn] g]kfnnfO{ k"glg{df{0f ug{ 7"nf] ;3fp k'U5 .


kLl8tsf] dg emg\ rs]{sf] 5 – lg?tf /fO{ >L u0f]z dfWolds ljBfno, /fdk'/, cf]vn9'Ëf

xfd|f] b]z g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df …eTs]sf] 3/ rs]{sf] dgÚ lgs}

pko'Qm / ;'xfpFbf] b]lvG5 . of] zAb ;'Gg]lalQs}

g]kfnLx?sf] dgdf t/ª\u pTkGg u/fpF5 . clwsf+z

g]kfnLx? clxn] eTs]sf] 3/df rs]{sf] dg lnP/ ;fGTjgf lbFb} 8'ª\uf?kL

hLjgnfO{ pln{/x]sf] ;fu/dfly r9fP/ efF}tfl//x]sf 5g\ .

lj=;+= @)&@ j}zfv !@ ut] zlgaf/sf lbg cfPsf] ljgfzsf/L e"sDkn] clwsf+z

g]kfnLsf] 3/ eTsfof] . nueu gf} xhf/ dflg;nufot ;of}+ rf}kfofsf] Hofg

lnof] . d7dlGb/, w/x/f, :jf:Yo rf}sL, c:ktfnnufot y'k|} ;+/rgf elTsP . oL

b[Zox? clxn] klg kLl8t g]kfnLsf] cfFvfcufl8 6lNs/x]sf 5g\ . oltsf

lbg;Dd klg eTs]sf 3/ agfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . rx/fO/x]sf dgleqsf

sxfnLnfUbf 3fpx?df dndk6\6L nufOlbg bftfx?sf] cfzfdf kfnd'lg d'6' vfg]

lr;f]l;t / ljleGg /f]ul;t ;fdgf u/]/ a:g'kbf{sf] cj:yf x]bf{ jf To;af/]df

;'Gbf ljb]zLx?sf] cfFvfdf cfF;' knfP t/ nfh} gePsf xfd|f] ;/sf/sf] lgb|f

gv'n]sf] h:tf] b]lvG5 . cfˆg} JolQmut :jfy{?kL vf8naf6 lg:sg ;s]sf

5}gg\ . cflv/ slxn];Dd oL ;Lwf;f]emf hgtf af7f, w"t{, :jfyL{ / lgn{Hh

g]tfsf] cf;df a:g'kg]{ xf]nf <

dnfO{ nfU5, g]kfnL hgtf Odfgbf/ / ;fx;L ePs} s/0f 7"nf7"nf 8/nfUbf

k|fs[lts k|sf]k / cK7\of/fx?sf] ;fdgf w}o{k"j{s ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . gfnfos

;/sfsf] ljlrqsf] lqmofsnfkn] kLl8t g]kfnLsf] dg emg\ rs]{sf] 5 . ljZjsf

w]/} dflg; ljb|f]xLsf sf/0f kl/jf/ljxLg ePsf 5g\ . pgLx?sf cfkmGtn] ;+;f/

5fl8;s]sf 5g\ . htftt} tgfj 5, kLl8tx?sf] dg l5ofl5of eO;s]sf] 5 .

o;/L tgfj, 8/ / vt/fsf] 3]/fleq a:g afWo hgtf lbg/ft g/fd|f] ;kgf dfq


b]V5g\ . ljsf; / pGglt t k/} hfcf];\ hgtfn] cfgGb x'g] u/L Ps k]6 vfg

kfPsf] 5}g .

:ju{?kL ;+;f/ d;fg3f6 / odnf]sh:tf] b]lvG5 . of] cflv/ lsg /

slxn];Dd < o; k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg] / ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ k|d'v lgsfo ;/sf/

klg cfˆg} /ª\uLg ;+;f/df ?dln/x]sf] 5 . ;d:of ;dfwfglt/ nfUg] sf]xL klg

e]l6Psf] 5}g . Pp6} b]zdf y/Ly/Lsf sfg'g, y/Ly/Lsf ;'ljwf, y/Ly/Lsf

/fi6«;]js b]lvG5g\ . oxL b]zsf sf]xL gful/snfO{ 7"nf7"nf dxn, dxFuf uf8L /

ljb]zL 8fS6/sf] ;]jf pknAw eO/x]sf] 5 kLl8t hgtf ;d:of;Fu h'Wb} kfnd'lg,

gbL lsgf/df, hª\undf / v'nf 7fpFdf a:g afWo 5g\ .

d]/f] ljrf/df ca hgtf p7\g}k5{ . ;/sf/nfO{ 3R3Rofpg'k5{ . kLl8tnufot

;Dk"0f{ hgtf ldn]/ ;/sf/nfO{ l7s 7fpFdf Nofpg'k5{ . xfdL ;a} ldn]/ eTs]sf

3/ p7fpg sf]l;; ug'{k5{ . ;/sf/sf] d'v tfs]/ a:g' /fd|f] xf]Og . xfdLx?

ldn]/ eTs]sf] g]kfnnfO{ p7fpg'k5{ . dg rs]{sf kLl8tx?;Fu xft]dfnf] u/]/

dndk6\6L nufP/ ;~rf] agfpg'k5{ . eTs]sf] g]kfnnO{ klxn]s} cj:yfdf

Nofpg'k5{ / gofF g]kfn lgdf{0f ug'{k5{ .



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eTs]sf ] 3/M rs ]{sf ] dg - Inhured International Ghar_Charkeko Man.… · eTs]sf ] 3/M rs ]{sf ] dg 1 eTs]sf ] 3/M rs ]{sf ] dg -e"sDk kLl8t afnaflnsfsf ] ef ]ufO { / cg 'ejdf cfwfl/t