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APPENDIX
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Appendix-I
FORMAT FOR ETHNO-BOTANICAL SURVEY
Date...............
Village............................ District..............................................
Name of the respondent................................
Category...................... Age................................
Educational qualification....................
No. of family members a) Adults b) children
A. Information on the medicinal plants
1) Name of the species used 2) Part used
3) Disease cured
4) Status (wild /cultivated)
5) Method of used
B). Information on Fuel and Fodder demand
1. What is the primary source of energy for the cooking?
1. Fuel wood 2. Kerosene 3. Gas 4. Electricity 5. biogas or any other
2. Information on the quantity of fuel wood consumption and collection
Name the species used as fuewood or collected from the forest
4. Information on Livestock numbers
Cow Buffalo Bull/Ox Goat Sheep Hen/cock Horse Other
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5. Information on the quantity of fodder consumption and collection
Nature of fodder used
Collection in Kg/day
Average Distance
No of days/year you go to the forest for collection
Forest Agricultural field
6. Name the species used as fodder or collected from the forest
C). Information on the species used for other purposes (Timber, Food and wild
edibles, FYM (Manure), Fibre, Handicraft, Fencing and other purposes)
Plant species Part used Purpose Status (wild or cultivated)
Collection from the forest/year
Frequency of use
D. Parameters identified to determine ecological problem in the forest resources
Parameters Scores assigned to different categories High Medium Low
Forest fire Lopping Grazing Weed infection Este
lar
PUBLICATIONS
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Floral Diversity Assessment in Four Forest Types ofGarhwal Himalaya, UttarakhandKhilendra Singh Kanwal* and Hema JoshiDepartment of Botany, SSJ Campus, Almora, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India.
The study was carried out in four forest types in the year 2006-2007 of GarhwalHimalaya between 800 m to 2600 m asl. Forest types studied for floral diversity wereChir-Pine forest, Pine mixed forest, Temperate broad leaved mixed forest and Drydeciduous mixed forest. However, the floral diversity varied significantly with theforests temperate broad leaved mixed forest exhibited highest tree, shrub and herbdensity. On the basis of IVI value Pinus roxburghii Sarg. (Chir Pine) reported to bemost dominant tree species of the area. Temperate broad leaved mixed forest had hightree and herb diversity, while pine mixed forest exhibited high shrub diversity. Theplant biodiversity is utilized for fodder, fuel, timber, construction material and variousother non timber forest products (NTFP) by local communities. Anthropogenicdisturbance is altering the diversity and distribution of vegetation in these forests,which influence the other ecological and environmental conditions. Therefore, there isan urgent need to conserve and manage these forests for sustainable development ofenvironment and ecology of the region.
Keywords: Floral diversity, Himalaya, Forest, Conservation, Diversity index.
INTRODUCTION
The Indian Himalaya Region (IHR) is one of the largest and youngest mountain ranges ofthe world. On account of its unique topography and diverse ecosystems, the IHR is designatedas a hot spot of both biological and cultural diversities. The Indian Himalayan Region (IHR),covering an area of about 250,000 km2, supports diverse habitats along an altitudinal gradient,i.e., approximately 200 ~ 8,000 m, asl. The IHR supports about 18,440 species of plants invarious habitats of which 25.3% are endemic to Himalaya (Singh and Hajra, 1997; Samant etal., 1998).
Vegetos Vol. 23 (2) : 76 – 85 (2010)
SOCIE
TY
FOR PLANT RE
SE
AR
CH
(76)
*Corresponding author, E-mail: [email protected]
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Bioscience Guardian, 1(2), 2011, pp. 277-289. An International Journal @ Current Bio Sciences Association. RNI/TVL:GU JEN G01015 /06/1/2010-TC
IMPACT OF LAKHWAR HYDRO-ELECTRIC DEVELOPMENTAL PROJECT ON MEDICINAL PLANT DIVERSITY, UTTARAKHAND, INDIA
Khilendra Singh Kanwal* and Hema Joshi
Department of Botany, S.S.J. Camapus, Almora-263601
Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
ABSTRACT
The Himalayan region is extremely rich repository of medicinal and aromatic
plants. Besides various bio-edaphic factors plant biodiversity is significantly affected
by the development activities particularly the Hydroelectric Projects development.
The present investigation is undertaken in Yamuna catchment area of Garhwal
Himalaya, where Lakhwar Hydroelectric development project is proposed on the
river Yamuna (Between 300 28’ 09” to 300 48’ 00” N latitude and 700 52’00” to 780
16’00”E longitude, at an altitudinal range 620-3000 masl). It has been observed that
the submergence, influence and catchment area are very rich in medicinal plants. No
endangered, rare, threatened and endemic species is recorded in the submergence
area. The region is primarily inhabited by the Jaunsari tribes. They use these plants
in the treatment of various diseases of humans. The study reflects that construction
of Lakhwar Project will create significant adverse impact on medicinal plants
diversity. To minimize these negative impacts various mitigation measures are
proposed for conservation and sustainable utilization of medicinal plants.
Key words: Indian Himalayan Region (IHR), Biodiversity, Hydropower, Medicinal
plants, Conservation, Uttarakhand
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Impact assessment of a hydroelectric project on the flora in the Western
Himalayan region based on vegetation analysis and socio-economic
studies
Shradha Panwar, Devendra K. Agrawal, Girish C.S. Negi*, Khilendra S. Kanwal,Vertika Sharma, Mahendra S. Lodhi, Jitendra Singh and Vishwapati Bhatt
Environmental Assessment and Management Div., G B Pant Institute of Himalayan Environmentand Development, Kosi Katarmal, Almora, Uttarakhand 263643, India
(Received 10 March 2008; final version received 8 February 2010)
This study provides an overview of the impacts of a proposed hydroelectricpower project in the Western Himalayan region in India, using a primarydatabase on floristic diversity and vegetation analysis. The remote sensing datarevealed that in the submergence zone only mixed deciduous forest thatoccupies 807.5 ha area and has a wood biomass volume of 4,027,503 m3 islikely to be lost due to impoundment. A total of 165 plant species found in thesubmergence zone also occur in the influence and free draining catchment areaof the project. In the influence zone of the project area only one tree species(Acer oblongum) is found under conservation threat category, which is alsopresent in the free draining catchment of the project. The project affectedpopulation (6716 people) residing in the submergence and influence zonedepend upon the surrounding forests for fuel wood, fodder, wild edibles etc.,and most likely they will settle in the nearby areas, thus mounting morepressure on residual forests of the influence zone for various forest products.Further, from the vegetation analysis it is evident that several tree species (e.g.Lannea coromandelica, Terminalia alata, T. bellerica etc.), may face morepressure from exploitation as they provide a number of useful products andare represented in lower numbers in the forests of the project area. Tocompensate for the loss of various goods and services provided by theforests falling in the submergence zone and to offset the increased pressureof the project affected families on the forests of influence zone, abiodiversity management plan is suggested incorporating socio-economicconsiderations.
Keywords: conservation status; community dependence; hydropower potential;forest type; environmental impacts; submergence zone, Western Himalaya
1. Introduction
The preliminary assessment made by the Central Electricity Authority (CEA), theGovernment of India, reveals that the hydroelectric potential of the country is148,700 MW at 60% load factor. Out of this, only 21.56% hydro-potential hasbeen developed, of which 9.6% is under construction and 68.84% is yet to be
*Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]
Journal of Environmental Planning and Management
Vol. 53, No. 7, October 2010, 907–923
ISSN 0964-0568 print/ISSN 1360-0559 online
� 2010 University of Newcastle upon Tyne
DOI: 10.1080/09640568.2010.490060
http://www.informaworld.com
Downloaded By: [Negi, G. C. S.] At: 05:47 21 September 2010
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