ENZYMES

Who cares?

ENZYMES

speed up chemical reactions

put chemicals together (synthesis reactions)

break chemicals apart (decomposition)

CHEMICAL REACTIONS

Like….

CELL RESPIRATION

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

FERMENTATION

C6H12O6 CH3CH2OH +

CO2+ ATP

glucose ethanol

ENZYMES ARE PROTEINS

Organic molecules

Made up of amino acids

Proteins are coded for by

genes made of DNA

ENZYMES

Enzymes have a

particular shape

designed for their

substrate

Only work at certain

pH or temperature

ENZYMES ARE SPECIFIC

THE ENZYME HALL OF FAME

Powerful proteins!

LACTASE

Breaks down the sugar

lactose into simple

sugars

Lactose is the sugar in

milk

LACTASE

Artificial form of lactase

Taken in pill or drop form

by those who are “lactose

intolerant”

Those who do not

synthesize enough lactase

LACTAID

SUCRASE

AMYLASE

Alpha-amylase Glucoamylase

THE ROLE OF AMYLASE

Found in plants and algae

Takes CO2 molecules and

combines them into glucose

Most abundant enzyme on

Earth

RUBISCO

Breaks down large

molecules into small

molecules

Small molecules like

glucose can be absorbed

into the blood

Large molecules like

starch are too big to be

absorbed

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

THE SITE OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS: THE

CHLOROPLAST