ENUM Overview Richard Shockey IETF ENUM WG Co-Chair Director – Member of Technical Staff NeuStar,...
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ENUM Overview Richard Shockey IETF ENUM WG Co-Chair Director – Member of Technical Staff NeuStar, Inc. 46000 Center Oak Plaza Sterling VA 20166 USA [email protected]
ENUM Overview Richard Shockey IETF ENUM WG Co-Chair Director
Member of Technical Staff NeuStar, Inc. 46000 Center Oak Plaza
Sterling VA 20166 USA [email protected][email protected] +1 571.434.5651 ENUM will it pay? PULVER.COM VON
Europe Stockholm
Slide 2
VoIP has won..like duh Because the Internet WON !!!!!! The IP
model has proven better, cheaper and faster for most applications
and has been universally embraced Behavior patterns have shifted to
a desire for ubiquitous access to full media, content, applications
and communications services, any time, any place, and to or from
anywhere Services and applications are being dis- intermediated
from network ownership and management VoIP independent of transport
layer Wireline, Cable, Wireless Vint Cerf - Google IP on
Everything
Slide 3
ENUM has won the signaling argument VoIP Peering and
interconnection is the #1 technical subject among Service
Providers. You have to translate the phone number to do anything
Phone number in URI out. DNS based ENUM is faster than SIP Redirect
by a factor of 10 Commercial Private ENUM services have exploded
RFC 3761 is central to all NGN architectures IMS 3GPP MMS SMS
Slide 4
IMS call flow overview w / ENUM IMS theory claims that the
future core infrastructure includes 40+ functional entities &
interfaces String theory claims that the universe is comprised of 6
or more dimensions of time space. Which is more far-fetched? ENUM
DB CSCF SIP Proxy
Slide 5
ENUM in the IMS Architecture ( really simplified) 1.End-user
dials E.164 to initiate service. 2.(S)erving-CSCF [Call Session
Control Function] issues ENUM service discovery query to on-site or
hosted ENUM DNS server for a SIP-URI of the destination CMS.
3.S-CSCF resolves host name within SIP URI using on-site or hosted
private DNS infrastructure. 4.S-CSCF sends SIP Invite to
destination (I)nterrogating-CSCF. 5.Destination I-CSCF queries Home
Subscriber Server to get address of Destination S-CSCF. 6.I-CSCF
proxies Invite to destination S-CSCF. 7.Standard SIP/SDP session
negotiation follows
Slide 6
ENUM WG still in business Explosion in Enumservice
Registrations
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-enum-iax-00.txthttp://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-enum-iax-00.txt
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-enum-vcard-00.txthttp://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-enum-vcard-00.txt
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-reichinger-enum-foaf-00.txthttp://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-reichinger-enum-foaf-00.txt
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-enum-im-service-00.txthttp://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-enum-im-service-00.txt
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-enum-calendar-service-00.txthttp://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-enum-calendar-service-00.txt
Will anyone actually use them ? Infrastrructure ENUM Requirements
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-enum-infrastructure-enum-reqs-01.txthttp://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-enum-infrastructure-enum-reqs-01.txt
Infrastructure ENUM Root ie164.arpa Treaty of Dallas Agreement that
their should be a single apex e164i.arpa Use of BLR is interim aka
i.4.4.e164.arpa Political process starts all over again SPEERMING
WG on Peering / Interconnection
Slide 7
Public ENUM RFC 3761 Public ENUM is generally defined as the
administrative policies and procedures surrounding the use of the
domain for TN to URI resolution. By ITU-IAB agreement all portions
of the tree are nation state issues All records are visible on the
Internet US - UK Canadian Govt policy has been to encourage
consumer OPT- IN. Which is generally assumed to be the number
holder as opposed to the carrier of record is the only entity
permitted to create records in e164.arpa. How do you register the
Phone Number? Registration Model much like Domain Names Might be a
Service Provider or Telecom Equipment Vendor or Independent
Registrar such as in the Domain Name Industry
Slide 8
Public ENUM Status - What about the US? US ENUM LLC Trials
Beginning this June 1.e164.arpa United States Government has
reiterated its support for RFC 3761 and endorses moving forward
with ENUM based on the concept of a Industry Managed LLC Aug 9,
2004 United States ENUM Forum - http://www.enum-forum.org United
States ENUM LLC http://www.enumllc.com Participants include MCI,
ATT, Sprint, SBC, Verizon, NeuStar, Cox, Comcast, Cisco, Telcordia
Canada too.. http://www.enumorg.ca
Slide 9
Carrier/Infrastructure ENUM Carrier ENUM is generally regarded
now as the use of a separate domain to permit service providers to
exchange phone number to URI data in order to find points of
interconnection.
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-enum-infrastructure-enum-reqs-02.txthttp://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-enum-infrastructure-enum-reqs-02.txt
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-enum-infrastructure-00.txthttp://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-enum-infrastructure-00.txt
Only the service provider of record for a particular TN is
permitted to provision data for that FQDN. Service providers are
looking for NGN signaling infrastructures Carrier ENUM is to be
assumed as authoritative for all endpoints service providers choose
to exchange data for.
Slide 10
Questions about ie164.arpa Why would any service provider place
information into the global DNS that resolves to points of network
interconnection? Security implications staggeriing - DDOS Why would
any service provider ASK for Government intervention and regulation
in the critical signaling infrastructure? Choice of ie164.arpa
requires Govt approval and delegation Isn't the telecom industry
moving to deregulation?
Slide 11
Private ENUM is the solution for VoIP Peering Private ENUM is
generally regarded as one or more technologies that permit service
providers to exchange phone number to URI data to find points of
interconnection in private secure manner. any mutually specified
domain VPN Subnets Private Root Private ENUM is to be assumed as
authoritative for all endpoints service providers choose to
exchange data for. Maintains essential bilateral agreement for
interconnection Potential PSTN as well as IP data. All Call query
on call origination.
Slide 12
The Business Case for Private ENUM Peering Inter-Carrier
Compensation is driving the VoIP Peering issue $20 Billion US per
year SS7 signaling costs impossible to estimate. VoIP/NGN Peering
is IMPOSSIBLE without Telephone Number Translation.. aka ENUM in
some form Industrys Conclusion : Working towards public ENUM in the
future (very important), deploying Private ENUM now. Public and
Private ENUM are Orthogonal to each other, they serve different
markets for different reasons.
Slide 13
Market Realities driving NGN signaling adoption Flat Rate
Pricing ( all you can call ) beginning to dominate variable costs
unacceptable predictable costs for signaling IS acceptable Carriers
beginning to demand bill and keep vs inter- carrier compensation
for interconnection current accounting costs outrageous The
Internet model of Transit and Peering is about to be applied to
Voice traffic as well SS7/C7 dip charges and infrastructure OPEX
are as bad as Reciprocal Comp charges for Termination
Slide 14
How do you get the data? Classic ENUM - Pull Model 1. The
caller dials the persons telephone number Query
4.3.2.1.5.5.2.0.2.1.e164.arpa? 2. Calling party proxy UAC queries
DNS for endpoint location Dial +1-202-555-1234 ENUM DNS Service 3.
DNS returns NAPTR record containing SIP URL to Calling Party UA
Response sip:[email protected] Sip sip:[email protected] Sip Proxy 4.
Calling party UA connects the call Sip Proxy Call Setup
Slide 15
How does a SP get its signaling data? A Different ENUM paradigm
- Carrier PUSH Model SS /CMS/ Proxy PUSH Model queries a fully
cached copy of the ENUM Signaling DB internally PULL Model (
classic ENUM) queries external signaling databases
Slide 16
The Classic Class 5 signaling - Pull Model Service Control
Point Class 5 Switch Tandem Access Switch TCAP Query Response Inter
Machine Trunking (IMT)
Slide 17
The New NGN = Where is the number translation done ? Push or
Pull from the IP-SCP IP SCP Internal SIP Proxy / SS / CSCF Media
Gateway ENUM DB External All call query on call origination DNS or
SIP Redirect Query Response dj vu all over again DNS vs TCAP
Slide 18
The Emerging IP SCP
Slide 19
Use URI / NAPTR Records can define any endpoint PSTN or IP,
Internal or External URIs = Uniform Resource Indicator The naming
and addressing scheme for Internet services $ORIGIN.
1.5.6.5.4.3.4.1.7.5.1.mso.net Output ord pr fl service regexp IN
NAPTR 20 10 "u" E2U+sip"
"!^.*$!sip:[email protected];user=phone!". and IN NAPTR 10
10 "u" E2U+sip:contact" "!^.*$!sip:[email protected]!". and
IN NAPTR 30 10 "u" "E2U+pstn:tel"
"!^.*$!tel:+15714345651;npdi;rn=+15712768933" and IN NAPTR 40 10
"u" "E2U+pstn:cnam:data" "!^.*$!data:Richard%Shockey!"
Slide 20
Using ENUM for LNP $ORIGIN 3.1.8.7.1.8.9.5.1.2.1.sipix.nsr.foo.
NAPTR 10 100 "u" "E2U+pstn:tel
"!^.*$!tel:+1-215-981-7813;npdi;rn=+1-215-981-7600! Or NAPTR 10 100
"u" "E2U+pstn:sip
"!^.*$!sip:+1-215-981-7813;npdi;[email protected];user=phone!
In this example, a Routing Number (rn) and a Number Portability Dip
indicator (npdi) are used as shown in "Number Portability
Parameters for the tel URI ; draft-ietf-iptel-tel-np-09.txt. The
npdi field is included in order to prevent subsequent lookups in
legacy-style PSTN databases. See: IANA Registration for an
Enumservice Containing PSTN Signaling Information;
draft-ietf-enum-pstn-04.txt; Author(s) : J. Livingood, R.
Shockey
Slide 21
Using ENUM for CNAM $ORIGIN
3.1.8.7.1.8.9.5.1.2.1.cnam1.mso.foo. NAPTR 10 100 "u"
"E2U+pstn;cnam:data "!^.*$!data:Richard%Shockey! See: IANA
Registration for an Enumservice for Calling Name (CNAM)
Information; draft-ietf-enum-cnam-01.txt; Author(s) : R. Shockey,
editor J. Livingood, et al.
Slide 22
ENUM is the core signaling technology for the NGN-Network to
Network Interface DNS Caching Servers are the NGN IP-SCP All Call
Query - Query on Call Origination All data associated with a call
delivered at call set up. So Whats Next