Enhanced Publications, Linked Data – Experiences From ECO4R

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This talk

• About „Enhanced Publications“– Links between Publications and underlying

data significant for research conduct

• About „Compound Objects“– Focused, activity for Germany – DFG project ECO4R led by the hbz Cologne– Using semantic web as pragmatic tool

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Enhanced Publications

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links between publications and data exist

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however, no systematic or machine re-usable links…

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same article, even more enriched with links

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Leading to ontology-based data

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…. with even more data attached

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another example, linking data to publication

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but no reference to data in publication

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and in the repository world? Also supplements.

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and partly complex structures – not represented appropriately…

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a repository-based publishing system with supplements…

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and complex internal structures

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Enhanced Publications

• Precious, existing patterns of scholarly resources to be ‚liberated‘ for re-use

• Currently no way to systematically represent these patterns for re-use

• Expressing „expectations“ of humans– Concepts!!!

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Compound Objects

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Semantic Web / LOD a possible way to represent enhanced publications?

• Yes– machine readable web-representation of

compound objects

• No– data missing– not designed for human concepts– service providers are missing

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Eco4R – an exploration activity

• How to support existing concepts in human reasoning?

• How to make opaque or unstructured content in existing repositories (rather than catalogues) visible and re-usable?

• focus Germany (OpenAIRE and Netherlands not shown here)

• Which existing vocabularies and ontologies can be re-used?

• What could be linked to other existing LOD data sources?

See also: „Report on Enhancing Interoperabilitybetween existing Open Access Publication Infrastructures“

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Eco4R Approach

Services

Data

Machines HumansEnhancedPublications

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Pragmatic Data Model Approach in describing „Enhanced Publications“

• Based on OAI-ORE

• To semantically describe the aggregative publication entities

• Finding a compromise “Frbr Aligned Bibliographic Ontology”

• Extends the FRBR entities (Work, Expression, Manifestation, Item) with more specific classes (e.g. JournalArticle, WebPage, SupplementaryInformationFile)

• Complement to other ontologies in SPAR (Semantic Publishing and Referencing), which can describe a whole publishing workflow

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Data Model Instance

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Implementations done in ECO4R – I

• Support of the data model by plugins in two fundamentally different repository platforms:

• OPUS – most used platform in Germany, simple architecture with numerous limitations in file-handling

• The 1st ORE support for this platform

• Fedora – rather complex system, fine granularity in access modes, file management, versioning, audits

• Refactoring of existing ORE implementations, compliant with the latest specification

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Implementations done in ECO4R – II

• Plugins neither need modifications of the internal repository data model nor the repository user-interface

• A pragmatic way for making repositories linked data compliant

• Authors of publications are not bothered

• Overlay Journal – prototype as a prove of concept

• Research project: operation not part of the plan

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Overlay Journal as proof of concept

1. OAI-PMH Harvesting of ORE ResourceMaps

2. Persisting in a Triple-Store

3. Processing for the Overlay Journal (Broker)

• Storing results in MySQL

4. Visualization for end-users

5. SPARQL interface for service providers

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Work in progress

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Re-Use Aspect demonstrated

• Placeholder for User-Interface Screenshot

Work in progress

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Discussion

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Benefits for Linked Data compliant Aggregators

• Descriptions of (Enhanced) Publications are compliant with web standards

• Linking and enrichment by using terminology services, for e.g.

• DDC, PND, Organizations (lobid.org), Projects (rkb-explorer)

• Reliable links to e.g. full-text and datasets, when publication entities are semantically described

• Improved retrieval interfaces by provision of a SPARQL endpoint

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KO criteria for enforcing Linked Data Services

• Interoperability: after the experiments and prototypes – which ontologies, vocabularies will survive ?

• What about the maintenance of all the ontologies, vocabularies ?

• Availability, Reliability and Quality of terminology services, SPARQL-Endpoints etc.• A fundamental requirement regarding the complex linking

character of the Semantic Web

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Enhanced Publications as LOD – a possible way with ‚concepts‘ are starting point

• Yes– machine readable web-representation of

relations

• No– data missing– not designed for human concepts– service providers are missing

<< ORE / FABIO

<< Repository PlugIns

<< Enhanced pub.s as starting point

<< Demonstrator

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Plans

• Open Source Release of the OAI-ORE repository plugins

• Further developments for Dspace, Eprints?

• Using the CARPET platform & DINI/OA-Netzwerk as hosts to further discuss and circulate the “Enhanced Publication” paradigm in Germany

• Conceptualization (SKOS?)

• linking to Enhanced Publication Developments in the NL

• embedding in in EU (OpenAIREplus, euroCRIS)

• Building aggregators (BASE?)

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Thanks For Your Attention

• The Project Team Members

• Anouar Boulal, Jochen Schirrwagen, Martin Iordanidis, Andres Quast, Jan Schnasse, Friedrich Summann

• Web-site: http://www.eco4r.org

• Wiki: https://trac.eco4r.org