VERBS

DEFINITION

>> verbs express action or state of being>> verb acts as PREDICATE in a sentence

>> verb is after subject:Subject + Verb

Type of Verbs

Action and Non-Action Verbs

Transitive Verbs and Intransitive

Regular Verb and Irregular Verb

Finite and Non-Finite verbs

Linking Verbs

Causative Verbs

Auxiliary Verb

Verb Voices

Verb Moods

Verbal

Action Verb

To recognize action verbs we have to look for the word in the sentences that answerthe

question ‘ what is the subject doing ‘.

Non-Action Verb ( Stative )

These verbs refer to the state of the subject or the situation of the subject. Stative Verbs tell us about the state of mind of the subject, or

the relation between the subject and the object

Type of Non- Action Verbs ( Stative )

Transitive Verbs and Intransitive

A transitive verbs always has a noun that receive the action of the verbs. This noun is called the direct object. Although an intransitive verb never has a direct or indirect object. An intransitive verb may be followed by an adverb or adverbial phrase, but there is no object to receive its action.

Regular verbs

Are verbs that obtained by adding the suffix (-ed)

Example :compare -> compared (past tense) ->

compared(past participant)

Irregular verbs can not obtained by adding the suffix (-ed) in the past tense and past participle

Linking Verbs

A linking verbs connects a subject it’s complement. Sometimes called copulas, linking verbs are often forms of the verb to be, but are sometimes verb related to the five sense (look, sound, smell, feel, taste) and sometimes verb that somehow reflect a

state of being (appear, seem, become, grow, turn, prove, remain)

Causative verb is a verb used to indicate that the subject is not directly responsible for the action that happens but someone

or something else is doing the action

Causative Verb

AUXILIARY VERBThe verb that comes before the main verb

Modal

Phrasal Modal

Verb Voices

Active voiceIs a verb form (verb form) where the subject (the

subject of the sentence) action expressed by the verb (the verb)

Passive VoiceIs a gramatical construction where the subject in the

sentence or clause does not take action, is receives the action or follow-up by the other agent either metioned

or not

Formula Active Verbs

Verb Mood

ImperativeIs a verb is used to give commands, warning, advice,

instruction, or request

SubjunctiveIs a verb form used to express an unreal situation, wish, as if, as though that is different from reality,

requirement, or suggestion

Indicative or declarativeIs a from of the verb is used to make a statement

either fact or opinion, denial, and the question

Function and Example

Verbal

GerundIs used as noun + ing

ParticipleIs used as adjective

InvinitiveIs used as noun, adjective,

or adverb

Finite and Non-Finite

FiniteIs a verb form that influenced tense (present or past) and the agreement with the subject and

number

Non-FiniteIs a verb formthat is not influenced tense (present

or past), person, and number

Example :Present participle: he is swimmingPast Participle: he has swamInfinitive: he prefer to swimBare infinitive: he may swim

Finite

Cinderella’s Story

Once upon a time, there was a beautiful girl named Cinderella. She lived with her wicked stepmother and two stepsisters. They treated Cinderella very badly. One day, they were invited for a grand ball in the king’s palace. But Cinderella’s stepmother would not let her go. Cinderella was made to sew new party gowns for her stepmother and stepsisters, and curl their hair. They then went to the ball, leaving Cinderella alone at home.

Cinderella felt very sad and began to cry. Suddenly, a fairy godmother appeared and said, “Don’t cry, Cinderella! I will send you to the ball!” But Cinderella was sad. She said, “I don’t have a gown to wear for the ball!” The fairy godmother waved her magic wand and changed Cinderella’s old clothes into a beautiful new gown! The fairy godmother then touched Cinderella’s feet with the magic wand. And lo! She had beautiful glass slippers! “How will I go to the grand ball?” asked Cinderella. The fairy godmother found six mice playing near a pumpkin, in the kitchen. She touched them with her magic wand and the mice became four shiny black horses and two coachmen and the pumpkin turned into a golden coach. Cinderella was overjoyed and set off for the ball in the coach drawn by the six black horses. Before leaving. the fairy godmother said, “Cinderella, this magic will only last until midnight! You must reach home by then!”

When Cinderella entered the palace, everybody was struck by her beauty. Nobody, not even Cinderella’s stepmother or stepsisters, knew who she really was in her pretty clothes and shoes. The handsome prince also saw her and fell in love with Cinderella. He went to her and asked, “Do you want to dance?” And Cinderella said, “Yes!” The prince danced with her all night and nobody recognized the beautiful dancer. Cinderella was so happy dancing with the prince that she almost forgot what the fairy godmother had said. At the last moment, Cinderella remembered her fairy godmother’s words and she rushed to go home. “Oh! I must go!” she cried and ran out of the palace. One of her glass slippers came off but Cinderella did not turn back for it. She reached home just as the clock struck twelve. Her coach turned back into a pumpkin, the horses into mice and her fine ball gown into rags. Her stepmother and stepsisters reached home shortly after that. They were talking about the beautiful lady who had been dancing with the prince.

Identify which part of speech• Monorails are often provided as a solution to traffic congestions.

The government of Jakarta has been discussing this transportation system as another solution. The attractiveness to many developers seems to lie on the fact that monorails are elevated and removed from the ground. The roadway space is not exclusively reserved for monorails. Therefore, this transportation system does not have to succumb to the flooding of the streets in Jakarta. Although the cost of building the concrete platforms and tracks necessary for this project is similar to the cost of highway or toll road construction, it is worthy. However, this system has a weakness because forcing commuters to climb the elevated platforms possesses an inconvenience.

• In conclusion, the imbalance between the number of cars and motorcycles and the number of streets in Jakarta is the number one cause of traffic congestions. Therefore, we must come to realize that cars and motorcycles are inefficient means of transportation in Jakarta. In addition, according to accident statistics, cars and motorcycles are highly unsafe. Finally, cars and motorcycles are a major contributor to wasted fuel and Carbon Monoxide pollution. Responsible government should come to realize that the best interest of the general public should be taken into consideration and private vehicle use should be highly restricted, if not limited altogether.

-who –salad –Japanese -increased -USA -from

1. Ajinomoto is a _____company. The head office is in Tokyo, Japan.

2. Gado-gado is Indonesian ______.3. Mr. Pierre Boulan is our new boss ____ Paris.4. Phil Knight ____ is the founder of NIKE lives

in Oregon, _____.5. Investing in property has _____ nowadays.

Complete the sentences with preposition: in / at / on / write ‘x’ (no preposition)

• 1. The employees don’t need to work ............ the weekend.• 2. Julia sometimes works ....... Saturday.• 3.The first meeting is ............ 10 November.• 4. My office is always busy ...... the morning.• 5. The supervisor visits the factory ...... everyday. • 6. Can we meet again ..... next Thursday?• 7. Would you sign this contract ..... 23 December?• 8. As a sales manager, Tony often travels abroad ...... the spring

and summer • 9. We will have English 2 ...... next semester.• 10. Don’t forget! Our class starts .... 8.00 a.m.