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[email protected]. Krucza 36/Wspólna 6 00-522 Warszawa faks 22 695 8196 www.me.gov.pl
Energy and Climate Policy in the EU – the question about the future of the coal
Poland’s perspective
Waldemar Łagoda
Department of Energy
Ministry of Energy of Poland
11.09.2018 r.
Polish Energy Policy - key directions of development
Optimal usage of internal energy sources
Enhancement of power infrastructure
Diversified fuel supply along with infrastructure development
Energy markets’ development
Nuclear energy implementation
RES development
Heat and CHP development
Improving energy efficiency of the economy
hard coal lignite crude oil natural gas RES other
Balance of primary energy 2017 (left) and primary energy demandaccording to reference scenario (right) [EC 2015] – Poland
50.1 46.5 43.334.1
25.5 21.6 20.2
26.627.1
27.4
27.8
28.027.9 27.9
16.2 18.3 20.5
22.0
24.325.1 24.5
0.0 0.0 0.05.9
8.9 11.9 14.8
12.3 14.1 15.5 16.4 19.8 21.4 22.3
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
[Mtoe]
solid fuels crude oil natural gas nuclear electricity RES
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
2018 2020 2022 2024 2026 2028 2030 2032 2034 2036 2038 2040NP
Structure of installed capacity in Poland [MW]
New power plants – diesel engines or gas
turbines
Currently constructed (Płock, Żerań,
Stalowa Wola, Włocławek) CCGT
New CCGT (Combined Cycle Gas Turbine)
Currently constructed (Jaworzno,
Kozienice, Opole) hard coal power plants,
without Ostrołęka C
Existing and currently constructed (Turów)
lignite power plants.
Biogas and biomass stations
(two layers)
PV
New hard coal / lignite power plants,
nuclear power plant
Combined heat
and power
stations
Hydropower
Existing land-based
wind farm*
New wind
farms
* Assuming specified, finite lifetime
[MW]
New combined heat and power stations and
condensing units
DSR
Existing hard coal power plants
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
180,000
200,000
2018 2020 2022 2024 2026 2028 2030 2032 2034 2036 2038 2040NP
Currently constructed (Płock, Żerań,
Stalowa Wola, Włocławek) CCGT
New CCGT plants
Currently constructed (Jaworzno,
Kozienice, Opole) hard coal power plants,
without Ostrołęka C
Existing (dotted layer) and constructed
(Turów – brown layer) lignite power plants.
Biogas and biomass stations
(two layers)
PV
New hard coal/lignite power plants, nuclear
power plant
Hydropower
New combined heat and power stations and
condensing units
Structure of energy generation in Poland [GWh]
Combined heat
and power
stations
Existing land-based
wind farm*
New wind
farms
[GWh]
* Assuming specified, finite lifetime
Existing hard coal power plants
77
Jaworzno pp. , 910 MWe, 45 % eff. commision in 2019;
Transmission system and the most recent coal power plants investments in Poland
Kozienice pp., 1075 MWe, eff. 45,6 %, commisioned in 2017;
Opole pp., unit 5 and 6, 900 MWeeach, 45,6 % eff. commision in 2019
Ostrołęka, unit C, pp., around 1000 MWe, commisionplanned for 2024; last coal fired pp. in Poland
Turów pp., newunit, 400 MWe, commission in 2020
Clean Energy for All Europeans – new direction of European Energy
and Climate Policy
from the year 2020 onwards
8
→
Aimed at enabling the EU to deliver on its Paris Agreement commitments, the 'Clean Energy for All Europeans' proposals are intended to help the EU energy sector become more stable, more competitive,and more sustainable, and fit for the 21st century.
So called „Winter package”, dated 2016
On 30 November 2016, the European Commission presented a new package of measures with the goal of providing the stable legislative framework needed to facilitate the clean energy transition – and thereby taking a significant step towards the creation of the Energy Union.
Three main goals of the new
climate and energy policy in EU
Putting energy efficiency first Achieving global leadership in renewable
energies Providing a fair deal for consumers
By embracing renewables and other new and innovative technologies they also have the potential to be good for the environment by delivering on new emissions targets for 2030.
It has the potential to be good for consumers, paving the way to lower consumer bills, a better quality of life at home and in the workplace, and more opportunities for individuals to produce their own clean energy.
By achieving these aims, this package can also maximise EU leadership in the clean energy transition and in the fight against climate change, and help non-EU countries achieve their policy goals.
Several legislative proposals –
Renewable Energy
Energy Efficiency
Governance of the Energy Union
Electricity Market Design
Rules for the regulator ACER
Energy Performance in Buildings
Regulation proposals- influence on the energy mix of Member States
• Obligation to increase RES share in final energy consumption
• Energy consumption controlled
• Targets covering all dimensions of Energy Union
• 550g CO2/kwh emissions limits in electricity generation as a requirement for prospect financialsupport
→
• „550g CO2/kwh emissions limits” –
12
Concept that is under discussion in the framework of Electricity Market Design Regulation
Poland is able to fulfill it when counted for the wholeelectricity generation system
In general, it may cause issues for all Member Stateswhich are still having significant share of old coaltechnologies in generation sector
What is needed in the lightof new policies cominginto power?
Clean Coal Technologies
Satisfy the need of cleaner energy from coal
Support renewal of old generation capacity fired by coal
Help to meet new targets of energy and climate policy on the EU level by using national assets and staying cost-effective
EU level targets and obligations based on „Winter Package” (to date) :
RES target – binding on EU level – 32% of final energy consumption
Energy efficiency – headline target on the EU level – 32,5% of primary energyconsumption
GHG reduction target – binding on the EU level – 40% comparing to the levelfrom 1990
Electricity interconnection target – 15% set on the EU level
15
Comprehensive reporting document covering all Energy Union dimensions
Integrated tool to make Energy Union come true by delivering itstargets in the perspective of 2030 and beyond
Obligation for each Member State of the European Union
Strong supervision of European Commision
Member states contributions to the overall goals based on the commitments
Member States are obliged to submit final version of the Plans by the 1st of January 2020
National Energy and Climate Plans– reporting document legally based on Governance regulation of the EU „Winter Package”
Key features:
National Energy and Climate Plans (NECP)- chief executive and reporting tool for 5 dimensions of European Energy Union
Energy security, solidarity and trust
Fully integratedeuropean
energy marketEnergy efficiencyto combat
energy demandincrease
„Decarbonisationof the economy”
Research, innovationand competitiveness
Decarbonization of the economy- key element in the Climate and energy policy of the European Union
Comprises of two main aspects:
GHG emissionsreduction
RES development
Non-ETS targets
ETS system
- Heat- Transport- Electricity
What Poland, EU Energy&Climate policy and Paris agreementhave in common?
Poland’s objectives for COP24 in Katowice 2018: o „Climate neutrality” instead of decarbonisationo Protection of the environment with attention to specifity of national economieso Maintaining Paris Agreement globalo Promotion of climate neutrality based on carbon absorption by forests (the concept of forest
carbon farms) and soils