Slide 1

April 9, 1865 at a private home in a Virginian village called Appomattox Court House: General Lee surrendered his Confederate forces.End of the Civil War

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zIUzLpO1kxIIs Kayne right?http://money.cnn.com/2012/06/21/news/economy/wealth-gap-race/How is this possible???http://www.census.gov/compendia/statab/2012/tables/12s0697.pdfAfrican-Americans are incarcerated at nearly 6 times the rate of whites.African-Americans constitute nearly 1 million of the total 2.3 million incarcerated population.1 in 5 African-American men had been incarcerated as of 2011. If this trend continues, 1 in 3 African-American males born today can expect to spend time in prison during his lifetime.Nationwide, African-Americans represent 26% of juvenile arrests, 44% of youth who are detained, 46% of the youth who are judicially waived to criminal court, and 58% of the youth admitted to state prisons.The unemployment rate for African-American is over 3 million, and is 16% of the total unemployment statistics.The poverty rates:African-Americans - 28% all other races - 11%Over 13 million Americans are on welfare, of that over 40% are African-Americans.Why is this, why is this happening, what is the cause? Answer: Slavery & Ineffective ReconstructionDoes America Have Equality Today?

Dont punish the South just punish that little coward Booth for what he did. Why does everyone hate me?Im a Hero!!!Actually son, youre an embarrassment to the South!!!I am so glad the war is over I hated being Pres. of the ConfederacyI will be the biggest enemy of the KKK!!! For the record, Booth youre an idiot!!!The black man needs to start in the trades and work himself up in society.We need gutsy radical changes in America. We also need to get rid of that good for nothing Pres. Johnson I believe we must have a heavily educated class of black elites that advance the race.Hey Johnson, dont feel bad because I sucked at being President too!!! I was the best General the Union had though.I cant even look at that idiot Booth. Why wont people listen to me and my plans for slow change in Reconstruction policy.Booker T. WashingtonThaddeus StevensJefferson DavisW.E.B.DuboisUlysses S GrantAbraham LincolnAndrewJohnsonHiram RevelsRobert E. LeeFrederick Douglass?

The time period from 1865 to 1877. This was the period where the United States began to rebuild after the Civil War.This process had to readmit the defeated Confederate states back into the Union.Radical Republicans want drastic changes in the South with laws that will ensure the rights of African Americans. They wanted to give African Americans the right to vote and hold political office. Do you see a problem here?Lincoln does not want radical changes because he is afraid that it will be counter productive. Before he can make a influence on the politics of Reconstruction he is assassinated by John Wilkes Booth.Lincoln is assassinated!!! 1865Lincolns successor will be Vice President Andrew Johnson who is a friend to neither the Radical Republicans or the old Confederacy and he is also a proponent of states rights, however when he takes over he does not make any radical changes.Reconstructing America

Thaddeus Stevens is a Radical Republican representative from Pennsylvania that emerges as the leader and most outspoken member of the radicals.They want blacks to have voting rights, land rights, and protection under the federal law.They also felt that Johnson gave to many powers to the states that allowed them to make their own laws without influence or interference from the federal government. What will the South do next with blacks in their territories.They are able to influence Congress enough to pass the 14th Amendment in 1866 that provided citizenship to all people born in the US and protected them with the Constitution.15th Amendment will state that no one can be kept from voting because of race color or previous condition of servitude. It was ratified in 1870.

Radical Changes or Not? That is the Question

Because of the excessive state power granted during the Johnson administration the black codes form. They are laws in the South that severely restricted the lives of African Americans. They would prohibit blacks from carrying weapons, serving on juries, testifying against whites, starting their own businesses, and traveling without permits.The South hated scalawags and carpetbaggers. Scalawags were Southerners that joined the Republican party to enforce northern laws, and carpetbaggers were Northerners that moved to the South after the Civil War to gain property and power in politics.They form the KKK that will try to combat what the South feels is Northern oppression. The KKK becomes well known for their intimidating antics and brutality against all that oppose their white way of life. They also begin the policy of lynching that brings fear to blacks all over the South.Failure of ReconstructionNurses No person or corporation shall require any white female nurse to nurse in wards or rooms in hospitals, either public or private, in which negro men are placed. Alabama

Buses All passenger stations in this state operated by any motor transportation company shall have separate waiting rooms or space and separate ticket windows for the white and colored races. Alabama

Railroads The conductor of each passenger train is authorized and required to assign each passenger to the car or the division of the car, when it is divided by a partition, designated for the race to which such passenger belongs. Alabama

Restaurants It shall be unlawful to conduct a restaurant or other place for the serving of food in the city, at which white and colored people are served in the same room, unless such white and colored persons are effectually separated by a solid partition extending from the floor upward to a distance of seven feet or higher, and unless a separate entrance from the street is provided for each compartment. Alabama

Toilet Facilities, Male Every employer of white or negro males shall provide for such white or negro males reasonably accessible and separate toilet facilities. Alabama

Intermarriage The marriage of a person of Caucasian blood with a Negro, Mongolian, Malay, or Hindu shall be null and void. Arizona

Cohabitation Any negro man and white woman, or any white man and negro woman, who are not married to each other, who shall habitually live in and occupy in the nighttime the same room shall each be punished by imprisonment not exceeding twelve (12) months, or by fine not exceeding five hundred ($500.00) dollars. Florida

Education The schools for white children and the schools for negro children shall be conducted separately. Florida

Burial The officer in charge shall not bury, or allow to be buried, any colored persons upon ground set apart or used for the burial of white persons. Georgia

Parks It shall be unlawful for colored people to frequent any park owned or maintained by the city for the benefit, use and enjoyment of white persons...and unlawful for any white person to frequent any park owned or maintained by the city for the use and benefit of colored persons. Georgia

Prisons The warden shall see that the white convicts shall have separate apartments for both eating and sleeping from the negro convicts. Mississippi

Telephone Booths The Corporation Commission is hereby vested with power and authority to require telephone companies...to maintain separate booths for white and colored patrons when there is a demand for such separate booths. That the Corporation Commission shall determine the necessity for said separate booths only upon complaint of the people in the town and vicinity to be served after due hearing as now provided by law in other complaints filed with the Corporation Commission. Oklahoma

Barbers No colored barber shall serve as a barber [to] white women or girls. Georgia

Child Custody It shall be unlawful for any parent, relative, or other white person in this State, having the control or custody of any white child, by right of guardianship, natural or acquired, or otherwise, to dispose of, give or surrender such white child permanently into the custody, control, maintenance, or support, of a negro. South Carolina

The Blind The board of trustees shall...maintain a separate building...on separate ground for the admission, care, instruction, and support of all blind persons of the colored or black race. Louisiana

Mental Hospitals The Board of Control shall see that proper and distinct apartments are arranged for said patients, so that in no case shall Negroes and white persons be together. Georgia

Lynching: A White American Tradition

THE SOUTH!Had to redeem the SouthSO THEY START A SOCIAL CLUB

Weve nicknamed our social club the KKKSome of this may be disturbingBut it is important to understand!Ku Klux KlanStarts as a social club

Want to remain secret

Elite Rich White guys of the SouthHeads of StateBusiness Men Normal GuysMinistersPriests

KKK Begins LYNCHING African AmericansServes 4 purposes for Southern Whites:

Maintains social order over black population through terrorism

2. Eliminates AA competitors for econ/social/political rewards

3. Preserves the status of Elites

4. Symbolic of White UnityActing suspiciously Gambling Quarreling Adultery Grave robbing Race hatred; Race troubles Aiding murderer Improper with white woman Rape Arguing with white man Incest Arson Inciting to riot Resisting mob Assassination Inciting trouble

Stealing Burglary Insulting white woman Suing white man Child abuse Insurrection Swindling Conjuring Kidnapping Terrorism Courting white woman Killing livestock The Reasons Given for Black Lynchings

Robbery Attempted murder Indolence Running a bordello Banditry Inflammatory language Sedition Being disreputable Informing Slander Being obnoxious Injuring livestock Spreading disease Boasting about riot Insulting white man

Testifying against white man Criminal assault Living with white woman Throwing stones Cutting levee Looting Train wrecking Defending rapist Making threats Trying to colonize blacks Demanding respect

Miscegenation Trying to vote Disorderly conduct Mistaken identity Unpopularity Eloping with white woman Molestation Unruly remarks Entered white woman's room Murder Using obscene language Enticement Non-sexual assault Vagrancy Extortion Peeping Tom Violated quarantine Fraud Pillage Voodooism Plotting to kill Voting for wrong party Frightening white woman Poisoning well

2 A WEEK1880-1920Like a sporting eventSouvenirs sold of body partsIf you missed one you can always buy a postcard like this. 52 x 2 x 40 = @4,000 accounted for but definitely more!

GA, AL, MI, LA considered the Black Belt

Racism of the NorthEven in the C.L.Lynchings in the Heart of America

1877 THE NORTHERN RRs AND THE FEDS GIVE UPReconstruction endsNortherners are tired of fighting for the South.They want to put the Civil War behind themFederal Government pulls out of SouthKKK DominatesAAs lose ALL rightsJim Crow Laws set inWhat does this mean for Southern African Americans?As a whole, the experience for AA was not what they had dreamed of. Initial gains were taken away and in many ways life was worse after the war than before. Many people were stuck in poverty and the effects are still felt today.SOWAS RECONSTRUCTION A FAILURE OR A SUCCESS?

Who REALLY won the CIVIL WAR?!?The North who preserved the Union?Or the South who, eventually, preserved their way of life? (aka: their rights)

Pre-Civil War Slave QuartersGeorgia Sharecroppers Currently

Do you see any difference?!?

YES!

Does The KKK Exist Today?

In Illinois Currently

Places &Chapters

Beardstown Brotherhood of Klans Knights of the Ku Klux Klan Ku Klux Klan

Berwyn Brotherhood of Klans Knights of the Ku Klux Klan Ku Klux Klan

Bloomington Creativity Movement Neo-Nazi

Chicago "Church of the Restoration of Israel, The" Christian Identity

Chicago . American Renaissance/New Century Foundation Other

Chicago Council of Conservative Citizens Other

Chicago National Alliance Neo-Nazi

Chicago National Knights of the Ku Klux Klan Ku Klux Klan

Chicago TCB Hate Crew Racist Skinhead

Granite City Council of Conservative Citizens Other

Joliet Creativity Movement Neo-Nazi

North Riverside National Socialist Movement Neo-Nazi

Prospect Heights Brotherhood of Klans Knights of the Ku Klux Klan Ku Klux Klan

Schiller Park National Socialist Movement Neo-Nazi

Springfield Imperial Klans of America Knights of the Ku Klux Klan Ku Klux Klan

Troy Brotherhood of Klans Knights of the Ku Klux Klan Ku Klux Klan

TightropeA Really Disturbing Websitehttp://www.tightrope.cc/catalog/

KKKThe white men were roused by a mere instinct of self-preservation... until at last there had sprung into existence a great Ku Klux Klan, a veritable empire of the South, to protect the Southern country. WOODROW WILSON