Emperor PenguinsEmperor Penguins

By: By:

Mrs. Long’s 3Mrs. Long’s 3rdrd Grade Class Grade Class

Table of ContentsTable of Contents

Characteristics……………………………………3Characteristics……………………………………3Habitat……………………………………………..5Habitat……………………………………………..5Adaptations……………………………………….7Adaptations……………………………………….7Food………………………………………………...8Food………………………………………………...8How they move…………………………….…...9How they move…………………………….…...9How they communicate…………………..…11How they communicate…………………..…11Life Life

Cycle………………………………………….12Cycle………………………………………….12Greatest Threats…………………………….…17Greatest Threats…………………………….…17

What are Characteristics of Emperor What are Characteristics of Emperor Penguins?Penguins?

The Emperor Penguin is the largest of all the breeds of The Emperor Penguin is the largest of all the breeds of penguins. A fully grown Emperor Penguin is about 4 feet penguins. A fully grown Emperor Penguin is about 4 feet tall and weighs about 100 pounds. tall and weighs about 100 pounds.

http://www.emperor-penguin.com/emperors.html

Emperor penguins are easy to recognize by their coat. Starting Emperor penguins are easy to recognize by their coat. Starting with the black cap they wear on their head to their webbed feet, with the black cap they wear on their head to their webbed feet, they are made up of a variety of colors. They have a blue/grey they are made up of a variety of colors. They have a blue/grey neck, orange ear patches and bill, and yellow breasts. neck, orange ear patches and bill, and yellow breasts.

Fun Fact: The Scientific name

for the Emperor Penguin is

Aptenodytes Forsteri.

Black Cap

Ear Patch and bill

Webbed Feet

http://www.emperor-penguin.com/emperor.html

What is the habitat of the Emperor Penguin?What is the habitat of the Emperor Penguin?

Emperor penguins live in freezing cold Antarctica. Emperor penguins live in freezing cold Antarctica. Antarctica is the dark continent located at the South Pole. Antarctica is the dark continent located at the South Pole. Antarctica is Antarctica is composedcomposed mainly of ice glaciers, snow, and mainly of ice glaciers, snow, and freezing water. freezing water.

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Ice Glaciers

Emperor penguins have no way to be sheltered from the cold. As a Emperor penguins have no way to be sheltered from the cold. As a result of this they stay huddled in large groups the majority of the time. result of this they stay huddled in large groups the majority of the time. As they are in theirAs they are in their huddlehuddle, new penguins are constantly joining the , new penguins are constantly joining the group. To make sure all penguins have a chance to be in the warm group. To make sure all penguins have a chance to be in the warm center, they rotate their spots.center, they rotate their spots.

Fun Fact: Inside the huddle it

can get up to 77 degrees F

in a -50 degree environment.

Huddle

http://www.emperor-penguin.com/emperor.html

AdaptationsAdaptations

Remember the huddle, Remember the huddle, where Penguins go to where Penguins go to get warm? That is one get warm? That is one way they have way they have adaptedadapted to their to their environment. Another environment. Another way they have way they have adapted is their adapted is their waterproof feathers. waterproof feathers. This is important This is important because they spend ½ because they spend ½ of their time in of their time in freezing cold water of freezing cold water of Antarctica. Below their Antarctica. Below their waterproof feathers is waterproof feathers is a thick layer of a thick layer of blubber. This layer of blubber. This layer of blubber helps to blubber helps to insulateinsulate their bodies. their bodies. These adaptations help These adaptations help the Emperor Penguin the Emperor Penguin survive the cold. survive the cold.

http://www.emperor-penguin.com/emperor.html

FoodFood

Emperor Penguins get their food from the ocean. They dive Emperor Penguins get their food from the ocean. They dive up to eight feet down to find squid, shrimp, crab, krill, and up to eight feet down to find squid, shrimp, crab, krill, and small fish. The male and female penguins take turns getting small fish. The male and female penguins take turns getting food. While one is getting food, the other is food. While one is getting food, the other is incubatingincubating the the egg.egg.

Fun Fact: Mother Emperor

Penguins regurgitate the food

they have eaten and feed it

to their young.

How do Penguins move?How do Penguins move?

As you know, Penguins spend ½ their time on land and ½ their time in As you know, Penguins spend ½ their time on land and ½ their time in the water. While on land they move in three different ways: slide, hop, the water. While on land they move in three different ways: slide, hop, and waddle. Sliding on their bellies is the quickest way they move on and waddle. Sliding on their bellies is the quickest way they move on land. They also waddle, but this is not a quick way of moving. During land. They also waddle, but this is not a quick way of moving. During the huddle, they hop to constantly change position. the huddle, they hop to constantly change position.

Fun Fact: Another name for the sliding

Penguins do on their belly

is called “tobogganing”.

In the water is where Penguins really find In the water is where Penguins really find their place. They are excellent swimmers their place. They are excellent swimmers and can travel up to 8 miles an hour. and can travel up to 8 miles an hour.

http://www.emperor-penguin.com/empswim.html

How do Emperor Penguins How do Emperor Penguins Communicate?Communicate?

Emperor Penguins communicate in two very different ways. Emperor Penguins communicate in two very different ways. Each set of mating penguins has a very Each set of mating penguins has a very uniqueunique mating dance mating dance that they use to identify their partners out of hundreds of other that they use to identify their partners out of hundreds of other penguins. The second way of communicating is through the penguins. The second way of communicating is through the special sound adult penguins use to find their young. Each special sound adult penguins use to find their young. Each family has its own unique sound.family has its own unique sound.

Life CycleLife Cycle

Emperor Penguins spend the months January through Emperor Penguins spend the months January through February feeding in the ocean. They spend this time February feeding in the ocean. They spend this time feeding to gain weight and to store energy for the month of feeding to gain weight and to store energy for the month of April where they march 60-100 miles back to the place they April where they march 60-100 miles back to the place they were born to mate. were born to mate.

Fun Fact: The famous march

they take is called the

March to Rookery.

http://www.emperor-penguin.com/march.html

Once they arrive in May the mating begins. Throughout the Once they arrive in May the mating begins. Throughout the months of June and July the males months of June and July the males incubateincubate the eggs while the the eggs while the females are out feeding. They hold the egg on the tops of their females are out feeding. They hold the egg on the tops of their feet and underneath their belly to keep it warm. If the egg were to feet and underneath their belly to keep it warm. If the egg were to touch the ground for only two minutes the chick would die. touch the ground for only two minutes the chick would die.

Egg’s hiding place

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In August the females return in time for In August the females return in time for the hatching of the chicks. the hatching of the chicks.

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The months The months September and September and October are October are spent by the spent by the females taking females taking care of the care of the chicks while chicks while the males go the males go feed. feed.

http://www.emperor-penguin.com/emperor.html

By November the chicks have started to By November the chicks have started to huddle in groups with each other and are huddle in groups with each other and are completely on their own by December. completely on their own by December. January starts the cycle over again!January starts the cycle over again!

http://www.emperor-penguin.com/rookery.html

Life Cycle Diagram

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There are several threats to the emperor penguins from There are several threats to the emperor penguins from nature and from humans. Penguins are a food source for nature and from humans. Penguins are a food source for leopard seals, polar bears, killer whales, and the occasional leopard seals, polar bears, killer whales, and the occasional shark. shark.

Greatest Threats to Emperor Penguins

http://www.google.com/imgres?um=1&hl=en&biw=1024&bih=571&tbm=isch&tbnid=w_t2oLTbDakNKM:&imgrefurl=http://www.animalseatinganimals.com/2011/03/whale-eats-falling-penguin.html&docid=rKT9O4-1yJsXsM&imgurl=https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-0VivvpPH0CA/TYWnSoKMsFI/AAAAAAAADS8/FmzpmP1EipY/killer_whale_eating_penguins-jump-in-air.jpg&w=500&h=332&ei=QflxT-KXEoeItwf-8ay5Dw&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=344&sig=116661465231745930451&page=1&tbnh=116&tbnw=173&start=0&ndsp=18&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0&tx=61&ty=55

Leopard Seal

Killer Whale

Humans are also a great threat to Emperor Penguins. They Humans are also a great threat to Emperor Penguins. They get caught in the nets of fishermen as well as propellers on get caught in the nets of fishermen as well as propellers on boats. Another way humans boats. Another way humans endangerendanger penguins is through penguins is through oil spills and oil spills and pollutedpolluted water. Penguins have also been water. Penguins have also been killed for their soft, downy feathers. We should try to reduce killed for their soft, downy feathers. We should try to reduce the number of threats to these animals before they become the number of threats to these animals before they become extinctextinct. .

http://www.google.com/imgres?um=1&hl=en&biw=1024&bih=571&tbm=isch&tbnid=tjR9ATrB8XABhM:&imgrefurl=http://farnham.blogspot.com/2008/08/mysterious-oil-spill-killing-penguins.html&docid=MMUTcoE2XeL-YM&imgurl=http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_WBjGtFQOJDw/SLg6kzjWPkI/AAAAAAAAFW0/r_SDvz1dTYI/s320/penguins.jpg&w=320&h=240&ei=BvpxT_nfMpCltweSu5XxDw&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=472&vpy=234&dur=547&hovh=192&hovw=256&tx=87&ty=119&sig=116661465231745930451&page=2&tbnh=122&tbnw=175&start=16&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:16

Penguin Covered in Oil

Emperor Penguin AcrosticEmperor Penguin Acrostic

EExcellent Swimmersxcellent SwimmersMMarch to Rookery to arch to Rookery to PPerform the mating erform the mating

dance.dance.EEat lots of krill to gain at lots of krill to gain

weight back,weight back,RReturn to their mate to eturn to their mate to

incubate the egg.incubate the egg.OOnce the eggs hatch, nce the eggs hatch,

the mother the mother RRegurgitates their food egurgitates their food

for their young.for their young.

PPlayful chicks all aroundlayful chicks all aroundEEnter into their own nter into their own

huddle.huddle.NNo longer being cared for o longer being cared for

theytheyGGather their own food,ather their own food,UUnless they are eaten by nless they are eaten by

a predator.a predator.IInappropriate behavior nappropriate behavior

from humansfrom humansNNeeds to be stoppedeeds to be stoppedSSo they will not become o they will not become

extinct.extinct.

GlossaryGlossary

AdaptedAdapted: how they changed to fit the environment.: how they changed to fit the environment. Composed:Composed: made of.made of. Endanger:Endanger: to put in danger. to put in danger. Extinct:Extinct: no longer living. no longer living. Huddle:Huddle: huge group of penguins, gathered together to stay huge group of penguins, gathered together to stay

warm.warm. Incubate: Incubate: to keep warm until the eggs hatch.to keep warm until the eggs hatch. Insulate:Insulate: to protect from the cold. to protect from the cold. March to Rookery:March to Rookery: when penguins march back to where when penguins march back to where

they were born to mate.they were born to mate. Polluted:Polluted: dirty, unhealthy. dirty, unhealthy. Regurgitate:Regurgitate: spit up food that has already been digested. spit up food that has already been digested. Tobogganing:Tobogganing: the way penguins slide on their belly. the way penguins slide on their belly. Unique:Unique: special. special.

IndexIndex

Physical Characteristics……………………………..………….3, 4Physical Characteristics……………………………..………….3, 4 Scientific Name…………………………………………….……….…4Scientific Name…………………………………………….……….…4 Antarctica……………………………………………………..….……..5Antarctica……………………………………………………..….……..5 Huddle……………………………………………………….…..…...6, 7Huddle……………………………………………………….…..…...6, 7 Habitat………………………………………………………………...5, 6Habitat………………………………………………………………...5, 6 Adaptations………………………………………………………..…...7Adaptations………………………………………………………..…...7 Food………………………………………………………………….…...8Food………………………………………………………………….…...8 Tobogganing…………………………………………………..……….9Tobogganing…………………………………………………..……….9 Mating Dance……………………………………………….…………11Mating Dance……………………………………………….…………11 Communication………………………………………………….11, 12Communication………………………………………………….11, 12 March to Rookery…………………………………………………….12March to Rookery…………………………………………………….12 Life Cycle…………………………………………………………...12-16Life Cycle…………………………………………………………...12-16 Threats……………………………………………………………...17, 18Threats……………………………………………………………...17, 18

Reference PageReference Page

•http://library.thinkquest.org/CR0214752/problems.html  

•http://library.thinkquest.org/05aug/01006/penguins.htm 

•http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/kids/animals/creaturefeature/emperor-penguin/

•http://www.emperor-penguin.com/emperor.html

•http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/kids/animals-pets-kids/birds-kids/antarctica-emperor-penguins-huddle-vin-kids/

 

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