emester VI, Course Hand-Out - Rajagiri School of Engineering & … Hand... · 2017. 2. 1. · electronic circuits, including microprocessor systems, for signal processing, communication,

COURSE HAND-OUT

B.TECH. - SEMESTER VI

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND

COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Semester VI, Course Hand-Out

Department of EC, RSET 2

RAJAGIRI SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY (RSET)

VISION

TO EVOLVE INTO A PREMIER TECHNOLOGICAL AND RESEARCH INSTITUTION,

MOULDING EMINENT PROFESSIONALS WITH CREATIVE MINDS, INNOVATIVE

IDEAS AND SOUND PRACTICAL SKILL, AND TO SHAPE A FUTURE WHERE

TECHNOLOGY WORKS FOR THE ENRICHMENT OF MANKIND

MISSION

TO IMPART STATE-OF-THE-ART KNOWLEDGE TO INDIVIDUALS IN VARIOUS

TECHNOLOGICAL DISCIPLINES AND TO INCULCATE IN THEM A HIGH DEGREE

OF SOCIAL CONSCIOUSNESS AND HUMAN VALUES, THEREBY ENABLING

THEM TO FACE THE CHALLENGES OF LIFE WITH COURAGE AND CONVICTION



DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND

COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING (EC), RSET

VISION

TO EVOLVE INTO A CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE IN ELECTRONICS AND

COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING, MOULDING PROFESSIONALS HAVING

INQUISITIVE, INNOVATIVE AND CREATIVE MINDS WITH SOUND PRACTICAL

SKILLS WHO CAN STRIVE FOR THE BETTERMENT OF MANKIND

MISSION

TO IMPART STATE-OF-THE-ART KNOWLEDGE TO STUDENTS IN ELECTRONICS

AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING AND TO INCULCATE IN THEM A HIGH

DEGREE OF SOCIAL CONSCIOUSNESS AND A SENSE OF HUMAN VALUES,

THEREBY ENABLING THEM TO FACE CHALLENGES WITH COURAGE AND

CONVICTION



B.TECH PROGRAMME

PROGRAMME EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES (PEOs)

1. Graduates shall have sound knowledge of the fundamental and advanced concepts of

electronics and communication engineering to analyze, design, develop and

implement electronic systems or equipment.

2. Graduates shall apply their knowledge and skills in industrial, academic or research

career with creativity, commitment and social consciousness.

3. Graduates shall work in a team as a member or leader and adapt to the changes taking

place in their field through sustained learning.

PROGRAMME OUTCOMES (POs)

Graduates will be able to

1. Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, Engineering

fundamentals, and Electronics and Communication Engineering to the solution of

complex Engineering problems.

2. Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze

complex Engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first

principles of mathematics, natural sciences, and Engineering sciences.

3. Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex Engineering

problems and design system components or processes that meet the specified needs

with appropriate consideration for the public health and safety, and the cultural,

societal, and environmental considerations.

4. Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research based knowledge and

research methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data,

and synthesis of the information to provide valid conclusions.

5. Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and

modern engineering and IT tools including prediction and modeling to complex

Engineering activities with an understanding of the limitations.

6. The Engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge

to assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent

responsibilities relevant to the professional Engineering practice.

7. Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional

Engineering solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the

knowledge of, and the need for sustainable developments.

8. Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities

and norms of the Engineering practice.



9. Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member

or leader in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.

10. Communication: Communicate effectively on complex Engineering activities with

the Engineering Community and with society at large, such as, being able to

comprehend and write effective reports and design documentation, make effective

presentations, and give and receive clear instructions.

11. Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the

Engineering and management principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a

member and leader in a team, to manage projects and in multi disciplinary

environments.

12. Life -long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to

engage in independent and lifelong learning in the broadest context of technological

change.

Programme-Specific Outcomes (PSOs)

Engineering graduates will be able to:

1. demonstrate their skills in designing, implementing and testing analogue and digital

electronic circuits, including microprocessor systems, for signal processing,

communication, networking, VLSI and embedded systems applications;

2. apply their knowledge and skills to conduct experiments and develop applications

using electronic design automation (EDA) tools;

3. demonstrate a sense of professional ethics, recognize the importance of continued

learning, and be able to carry out their professional and entrepreneurial

responsibilities in electronics engineering field giving due consideration to

environment protection and sustainability.



INDEX

1. Semester Plan 7

2. Assignment Schedule 8

3. Scheme 9

4. Digital Communication Techniques 10

4.1. Course Information Sheet 11

4.2. Course Plan 13

4.3. Sample Questions 17

5. Digital Signal Processing 19


5.2. Course Plan 22


6. Radiation and Propagation 28


6.2. Course Plan 31


7. Computer Architecture and Parallel Processing 36


7.2. Course Plan 39


8. Microcontrollers and Applications 44


8.2. Course Plan 47


9. Medical Electronics 51


9.2. Course Plan 54


10. Television and Radar Engineering 59


10.2. Course Plan 62


11. Microprocessor and Microcontroller Lab 67




12. Mini Project Lab 72





1. SEMESTER PLAN



2. ASSIGNMENT SCHEDULE

Week Assignment 1 Assignment 2

4 EC010 601 EC010 602

5 EC010 603 EC010 604

6 EC010 605 EC010 606L04/ EC010 606L06

7 EC010 601 EC010 602

8 EC010 603 EC010 604

9 EC010 605 EC010 606L04/ EC010 606L06

10 EC010 601 EC010 602

11 EC010 603 EC010 604

12 EC010 605 EC010 606L04/ EC010 606L06

13 EC010 601 EC010 602

14 EC010 603 EC010 604

15 EC010 605 EC010 606L04/ EC010 606L06



3. SCHEME: B.TECH 6th SEMESTER

(Electronics & Communication Engineering)

Mahatma Gandhi University Revised Scheme for B.Tech Syllabus Revision 2010

Code Subject

Hours/Week

Marks End-

Sem

duration

Credits

L T P/

D Internal

End-

Sem

EC010 601

Digital

Communication

Techniques

2 2 - 50 100 3 4

EC010 602 Digital Signal

Processing 2 2 - 50 100 3 4

EC010 603 Radiation and

Propagation 3 1 - 50 100 3 4

EC010 604

Computer

Architecture and

Parallel

Processing

3 1 - 50 100 3 4

EC010 605

Microcontrollers

and

Applications

3 1 - 50 100 3 4

EC010

606Lxx Elective I 3 1 - 50 100 3 4

EC010 607

Microprocessor

and

Microcontroller

Lab

- - 3 50 100 3 2

EC010 608 Mini Project Lab - - 3 50 100 3 2

Total 16 8 6 28

Elective I

EC010 606L01 – Data Structures and Algorithms

EC010 606L02 – Data Base Management Systems

EC010 606L03 – High Speed Digital Design

EC010 606L04 – Medical Electronics

EC010 606L05 – Soft Computing Techniques

EC010 606L06 – Television and Radar Engineering



4.

EC010 601

DIGITAL COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUES

4.1. COURSE INFORMATION SHEET



COURSE INFORMATION SHEET

PROGRAMME: ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

ENGINEERING

DEGREE: BTECH

COURSE: DIGITAL COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUES SEMESTER: VI CREDITS: 4

COURSE CODE: EC010 601 REGULATION: 2010

COURSE TYPE: CORE

COURSE AREA/DOMAIN: COMMUNICATION CONTACT HOURS: 2+2 (Tutorial) hours/Week.

CORRESPONDING LAB COURSE CODE (IF ANY): EC010 707 LAB COURSE NAME: ADVANCED COMMUNICATION LAB

SYLLABUS: UNIT DETAILS HOURS

I Random Signal Theory: Random process: stationarity,ergodicity, mean, auto

correlation, cross correlation, covariance, random process transmission

through linear filters, power spectral density, cross correlation functions,

cross spectral densities, Gaussian process, Discrete Time Random Process,

White Process

Signal Space Representation of Waveforms: Vector Space Concept, Signal

Space Concepts, Orthogonal Expansion, Gram- Schmidt Orthogonalization

Procedure.

12

II Detection and Estimation: Model of digital communication system, response

of bank of correlators to noisy input. Detection of known signals in noise:-

ML Receiver. Probability of error calculation, erf, Correlation Receiver,

Matched Filter Receiver, properties, detection of signals with unknown

phase in noise, Estimation concepts: ML Estimate.

12

III Pulse Modulation Techniques: Sampling and pulse modulation: Sampling

theorem, Ideal sampling and reconstruction, practical sampling and Aliasing,

PAM, PWM, PPM, Quantizing, Quantization Noise, Companding, PCM

generation and reconstruction, DPCM, Delta Modulation, Adaptive Delta

Modulation, digital multiplexing.

12

IV Baseband shaping for Data Transmission: Binary signaling format, Inter

Symbol Interference, Nyquist criterion for distortion less base band binary

transmission: Ideal solution, practical solution, correlative coding:

Duobinary signaling, modified duobinary, generalized form of correlative

coding, eye pattern, equalization ,adaptive equalization, synchronization

techniques: bit synchronization, frame synchronization.

12

V Bandpass Digital Transmission: Digital CW Modulation: ASK, BFSK,

BPSK, MSK, Coherent binary system, timing and synchronization, Non

coherent binary system, Differentially coherent PSK, Quadrature carrier and

M-ary systems: quadrature carrier system, MPSK, M-ary QAM, Trellis

coded modulation.

12

TOTAL HOURS 60

TEXT/REFERENCE BOOKS: T/R BOOK TITLE/AUTHORS/PUBLICATION

1 Simon Haykin , Introduction To Analog And Digital Communications, Wiley India

Edition 2 Proakis& Salehi, Digital Communications, Mc Graw Hill International Edition. 3 Herbert Taub, Schilling Donald L.,“Principles of Communication Systems,3rd e/d, Tata

Mc Graw Hill,2007. 4 Carlson, Crilly, Rutledge, “Communication Systems” 4th Edition, McGraw Hill

5 Simon Haykin , Digital Communications, Wiley India Edition

6 Sklar,Kumar Ray, Digital Communications, Pearson Education



7 Glover,Grant, Digital Communications, Pearson Education COURSE PRE-REQUISITES: C.CODE COURSE NAME DESCRIPTION SEM

EC010 301 Mathematics Probability theory III

COURSE OBJECTIVES: 1 To use random signal theory and vector space concepts for the analysis of base band data

transmission system. 2 To understand the various detection methods and estimation of the digital signals. 3 To study pulse modulation and discuss the process of sampling, quantization and coding that are

fundamental to the digital transmission of analog signals. 4 To gain Knowledge about ISI effects, synchronization techniques and Baseband shaping

for Data Transmission. 5 To gain Knowledge about various shift keying techniques like BPSK, BFSK, MSK are used for the

transmission of digital signals. COURSE OUTCOMES: S

NO DESCRIPTION PO

MAPPING

1 An ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science, and engineering to the analysis

and design of communication systems

a,b,c,e

2 Ability to analyze various detection related problems in digital communication

systems.

a.b,c,e,k

3 Design and conduct experiments for testing digital communication circuits and

systems.

b,c,e

4 Design digital communication circuits and systems to meet predefined specifications. a,b,c,e

5 Identify, formulate and solve digital communication circuits and systems problems. b,c,e,k

GAPS IN THE SYLLABUS - TO MEET INDUSTRY/PROFESSION REQUIREMENTS: SNO DESCRIPTION PROPOSED

ACTIONS

1 Estimation theory ASSIGNMENT

2 Design of optimum receiver ASSIGNMENT

PROPOSED ACTIONS: TOPICS BEYOND SYLLABUS/ASSIGNMENT/INDUSTRY VISIT/GUEST LECTURER/NPTEL ETC

TOPICS BEYOND SYLLABUS/ADVANCED TOPICS/DESIGN:

1 Transmitter and receiver design

2 Error control coding

WEB SOURCE REFERENCES:

1 nptel.iitm.ac.in

2 ocw.mit.edu

3 www.utexas.edu

DELIVERY/INSTRUCTIONAL METHODOLOGIES: ☐ CHALK & TALK ☐ STUD. ASSIGNMENT ☐ WEB RESOURCES

☐ LCD/SMART BOARDS ☐ STUD. SEMINARS ☐ ADD-ON COURSES

ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGIES-DIRECT ☐ ASSIGNMENTS STUD. SEMINARS ☐ TESTS/MODEL EXAMS ☐ UNIV. EXAMINATION

STUD. LAB PRACTICES STUD. VIVA MINI/MAJOR PROJECTS CERTIFICATIONS

ADD-ON COURSES OTHERS

ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGIES-INDIRECT ☐ ASSESSMENT OF COURSE OUTCOMES (BY FEEDBACK,

ONCE)

☐ STUDENT FEEDBACK ON FACULTY (TWICE)

☐ ASSESSMENT OF MINI/MAJOR PROJECTS BY EXT. EXPERTS ☐ OTHERS

Prepared by Approved by

(Faculty) (HOD)

S. Santhi Jabarani

http://www.utexas.edu/



4.2. COURSE PLAN

Hour Module Contents

1 1 Introduction- Syllabus description

2 1 Random Signal Theory: Random process: stationarity,Mean

3 1 Mean, auto correlation, cross correlation,ergodicity

4 1 Covariance, random process transmission through linear filters

5 1 Power spectral density, cross correlation functions

6 1 Tutorial

7 1 Tutorial

8 1 Cross spectral densities, Gaussian process

9 1 Discrete Time Random Process, White Process

10 1 Signal Space Representation of Waveforms: Vector Space Concept

11 1 Tutorial

12 1 Tutorial

13 1 Signal Space Concepts, Orthogonal Expansion

14 1 Gram- Schmidt Orthogonalization Procedure

15 2 Detection and Estimation: Model of digital communication system

16 2 Response of bank of correlators to noisy input

17 2 Tutorial

18 2 Tutorial

19 2 Detection of known signals in noise

20 2 ML Receiver. Probability of error calculation, erf

21 2 Correlation Receiver

22 2 Matched Filter Receiver, properties



23 2 Tutorial

24 2 Tutorial

25 2 Detection of signals with unknown phase in noise

26 2 Estimation concepts

27 2 ML Estimate

28 3 Pulse Modulation Techniques: Sampling and pulse modulation: Sampling

theorem

29 2 Tutorial

30 2 Tutorial

31 3 Ideal sampling and reconstruction, practical sampling and Aliasing

32 3 PAM

32 3 PAM

33 3 PWM, PPM

34 3 Quantizing

35 3 Tutorial

36 3 Tutorial

37 3 Quantization Noise

38 3 Companding

39 3 PCM generation and reconstruction

40 3 DPCM, Delta Modulation

41 3 Tutorial

42 3 Tutorial

43 3 Adaptive Delta Modulation, digital multiplexing

44 4 Baseband shaping for Data Transmission: Binary signaling format

45 4 Inter Symbol Interference



46 4 Nyquist criterion for distortion less base band binary transmission: Ideal

solution, practical solution

47 4 Tutorial

48 4 Correlative coding: Duobinary signaling, modified duobinary

49 4 Generalized form of correlative coding, eye pattern

50 4 Equalization ,adaptive equalization

51 4 Synchronization techniques: bit synchronization, frame synchronization

52 4 Tutorial

53 4 Tutorial

54 5 Bandpass Digital Transmission: Digital CW Modulation

55 5 ASK

56 5 BFSK

57 5 BPSK

58 5 Tutorial

58 5 Tutorial

59 5 MSK, Coherent binary system, timing and synchronization,

60 5 Non coherent binary system, Differentially coherent PSK

61 5 Quadrature carrier and M-ary systems: quadrature carrier system

62 5 MPSK

63 5 Tutorial

64 5 Tutorial

65 5 M-ary QAM

66 5 Trellis coded modulation

67 5 Revision

68 5 Revision



69 5 Tutorial

70 4 Tutorial

71 1 Revision

72 2 Revision

73 3 Revision

74 3 Tutorial

75 4 Tutorial

76 4 Revision



4.3. SAMPLE QUESTIONS

1. Explain the concept of stationarity.

2. Define ergodicity.

3. What is Wiener – Khintchine- Einstein theorem? Derive the relationship.

4. State and explain the properties of Power spectral density.

5. Explain in detail about Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization Procedure.

6. Explain ML detector.

7. Explain with an example the detection of signals with unknown phase in noise. Also

derive the error probability

8. Explain the response of bank of correlators to noisy input.

9. Define maximum likelihood estimate.

10. Explain briefly about maximum likelihood estimation.

11. What is meant by aliasing effect?

12. What are the synchronization problems associated with PAM?

13. Draw the frequency spectrum of a PAM wave.

14. What is stuffing?

15. Explain how the channel capacity of a PCM system can be measured.

16. What is meant by expander.

17. What is meant by nonuniform quantization?

18. What is the use of prediction filter in differential PCM?

19. Differentiate PCD and DM.

20. What is the need for predictor?

21. What is companding? How the companding improves the performance of PCM?

22. With a relevant diagram, describe the operation of Delta sigma modulation.

23. With the help of neat block diagram explain the principle of Adaptive Delta

Modulation.

24. Write notes on TDM and Digital Multiplexers.

25. Explain the principle of linear prediction?

26. Explain in detail the various sources of noise in Delta modulation system.

27. What is an intersymbol interference in an baseband binary PAM system?

28. What is correlative level coding?

29. What is an eye pattern?

30. What is an optimum filter?

31. What are the disadvantages of closed loop bit synchronization?

32. What is called frame synchronization?

33. Draw the block diagram of duo binary encoder and explain.

34. Discuss baseband data transmission with suitable diagram.

35. Explain the binary PAM system with the help of block diagram. Draw the

36. How is modified duobinary coding superior compared to duobinary coding. Explain

with example.

37. Explain the different types of synchronization techniques.

38. Write the expression for bit error rate for coherent binary PSK.



39. When will the SNR becomes maximum in an matched filter?

40. What is meant by coherent receiver?

41. Differentiate coherent and non coherent receiving techniques.

42. What is the difference between FSK and PSK?

43. Draw the correlation receiver structure for coherent receiver scheme

44. Define Matched Filter?

45. Briefly explain how ASK, PSK and FSK signals are generated?

46. Compare different coherent digital modulation schemes based on bandwidth, SNR

and bit error probability.

47. Explain noncoherent ASK receiver.

48. Explain coherent PSK receiver.

49. Discuss in detail the generation, detection, signals space diagram and error probability

of FSK.

50. Derive the probability of Error and power spectra for QPSK and MSK. Compare the

same.



5.

EC010 602

DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING




COURSE INFORMATION SHEET

PROGRAMME: ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION DEGREE: BTECH

COURSE: DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING SEMESTER: 6 CREDITS: 4

COURSE CODE: EC 010 602 REGULATION :

2010

COURSE TYPE: CORE

COURSE AREA/DOMAIN: SIGNAL PROCESSING CONTACT HOURS: 2+2 (Tutorial) hours/Week.

CORRESPONDING LAB COURSE CODE (IF ANY): EC 010 708 LAB COURSE NAME: SIGNAL PROCESSING LAB

SYLLABUS: UNIT DETAILS HOURS

I Advantages of DSP – Review of discrete time signals and systems – Discrete time LTI

systems –Review of DTFT – Existence – Symmetry properties – DTFT theorems –

Frequency response- Review of Z transform – ROC – Properties

Sampling of Continuous time signals – Frequency domain representation of sampling –

Aliasing - Reconstruction of the analog signal from its samples – Discrete time processing

of continuous time signals – Impulse invariance – Changing the sampling rate using

discrete time processing –Sampling rate reduction by an integer factor – Compressor –

Time and frequency domain relations – Sampling rate increase by an integer factor –

Expander – Time and frequency domain relations – Changing the sampling rate by a

rational factor.

12

II Transform analysis of LTI systems – Phase and group delay – Frequency response for

rational

system functions – Frequency response of a single zero and pole – Multiple poles and zeros

-

Relationship between magnitude and phase – All pass systems – Minimum phase systems

–

Linear phase systems – Generalised linear phase – 4 types – Location of zeros.

12

III Structures for discrete time systems – IIR and FIR systems – Block diagram and SFG

representation of difference equations – Basic structures for IIR systems – Direct form –

Cascade form - Parallel form - Transposed forms – Structures for FIR systems – Direct and

Cascade forms - Structures for Linear phase systems – Overview of finite precision

numerical effects in implementing systems

Analog filter design: Filter specification – Butterworth approximation – Pole locations –

Design of analog low pass Butterworth filters – Chebyshev Type 1 approximation – pole

locations – Analog to analog transformations for designing high pass, band pass and band

stop filters.

12

IV Digital filter design: Filter specification – Low pass IIR filter design – Impulse invariant

and

Bilinear transformation methods – Butterworth and Chebyshev – Design of high pass, band

pass and band stop IIR digital filters – Design of FIR filters by windowing – Properties of

commonly used windows – Rectangular, Bartlett, Hanning, Hamming and Kaiser.

12

V The Discrete Fourier Transform - Relation with DTFT – Properties of DFT – Linearity –

Circular shift – Duality – Symmetry properties – Circular convolution – Linear convolution

using the DFT – Linear convolution of two finite length sequences – Linear convolution of

a

finite length sequence with an infinite length sequence – Overlap add and overlap save –

Computation of the DFT – Decimation in time and decimation in frequency FFT – Fourier

analysis of signals using the DFT – Effect of windowing – Resolution and leakage – Effect

of

spectral sampling.

12

TOTAL HOURS 60

TEXT/REFERENCE BOOKS: T/R BOOK TITLE/AUTHORS/PUBLICATION

1. A V Oppenheim, R W Schaffer, Discrete Time Signal Processing , 2nd Edition Pearson Education. 2. S K Mitra, Digital Signal Processing: A Computer Based Approach ,Tata Mc.Graw Hill. 3. L C Ludeman, Fundamentals of Digital Signal Processing, Wiley 4. J R Johnson, Introduction to Digital Signal Processing, Prentice Hall of India



COURSE PRE-REQUISITES: C.CODE COURSE NAME DESCRIPTION SEM

EC010 403 SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS Analysis of continuous time and discrete time signals and

systems

4

EN010 401 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS III Fourier series, Fourier Transform, Probability distribution 4

COURSE OBJECTIVES: 1 To study the fundamentals of discrete time system analysis, digital filter design and the DFT.

COURSE OUTCOMES: SNO DESCRIPTION PO

MAPPING

1 The students will understand the fundamentals of discrete time signals, systems and their

properties.

a, b, d, e

2 The students will understand the basics of digital filter design and the Discrete Fourier Transform. a, b, d, e 3 The mathematical problem solving ability of students get improved. a, b, d,

e, j, k 4 The students will be motivated to apply signal processing to various areas such as speech and

audio processing, image processing, biomedical signal processing, array signal processing etc.

a, b, d,

e, j, k 5 The digital system analyzing and designing skills of students will be improved.

a, b, d,

e, j, k

GAPS IN THE SYLLABUS - TO MEET INDUSTRY/PROFESSION REQUIREMENTS: SNO DESCRIPTION PROPOSED

ACTIONS

1 Matlab Simulations are not included in

the syllabus

One day course on Matlab is conducted so that the students

will get the feel of what has happened in the class PROPOSED ACTIONS: TOPICS BEYOND SYLLABUS/ASSIGNMENT/INDUSTRY VISIT/GUEST LECTURER/NPTEL ETC


1 MATLAB introduction 2 Advanced applications 3 Performance and analyses of systems


1 http:// www.nptel.iitm.ac.in/

2 http:// www.slideshare.net

DELIVERY/INSTRUCTIONAL METHODOLOGIES:

☐ CHALK & TALK ☐ STUD. ASSIGNMENT ☐ WEB RESOURCES


ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGIES-DIRECT

☐ ASSIGNMENTS ☐ STUD. SEMINARS ☐ TESTS/MODEL EXAMS ☐ UNIV. EXAMINATION

☐ STUD. LAB PRACTICES ☐ STUD. VIVA ☐ MINI/MAJOR PROJECTS ☐ CERTIFICATIONS

☐ ADD-ON COURSES ☐ OTHERS

ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGIES-INDIRECT

☐ ASSESSMENT OF COURSE OUTCOMES (BY FEEDBACK,

ONCE)



Prepared by Approved

by:

Rithu James (HOD)



Sreekumar G



5.2. COURSE PLAN


1 5

Advantages of DSP – Review of discrete time signals and systems –

Discrete time LTI systems – Review of DTFT – Existence – Symmetry

properties

2 5 DTFT theorems – Frequency response- Review of Z transform – ROC –

Properties

3 5 The Discrete Fourier Transform

4 5 The Discrete Fourier Transform -Tutorial Class

5 5 Relation of DFT with DTFT – Properties of DFT

6 5 Linearity – Circular shift – Duality – Symmetry properties

7 5 Circular convolution – Linear convolution using the DFT – Linear

convolution of two finite length sequences

8 5 Tutorial Class

9 5 Linear convolution of a finite length sequence with an infinite length

sequence

10 5 Overlap add and overlap save – Computation of the DFT

11 5 Decimation in time FFT algorithm

12 5 Decimation in frequency FFT algorithm

13 5 Tutorial Class

14 5 Fourier analysis of signals using the DFT – Effect of windowing

15 5 Resolution and leakage – Effect of spectral sampling

16 5 Class test on Module 5

17 3 Structures for discrete time systems – IIR and FIR systems – Block diagram

and SFG representation of difference equations

18 3 Basic structures for IIR systems – Direct form - Cascade form - Parallel

form

19 3 Transposed forms – Structures for FIR systems – Direct and Cascade forms

- Structures for Linear phase systems



20 3 Tutorial Class

21 3 Overview of finite precision numerical effects in implementing systems

22 3 Analog filter design: Filter specification

23 3 Tutorial Class

24 3 Butterworth approximation – Pole locations – Design of analog low pass

Butterworth filters

25 3 Chebyshev Type 1 approximation – pole locations

26 3 Analog to analog transformations for designing high pass, band pass and

band stop filters

27 3 Tutorial Class

28 3 Class Test on Module 3

29 4 Digital filter design: Filter specification

30 4 Low pass IIR filter design

31 4 Impulse invariant and Bilinear transformation methods

32 4 Butterworth and Chebyshev

33 4 Tutorial Class

34 4 Design of high pass, band pass and band stop IIR digital filters

35 4 Design of FIR filters by windowing

36 4 Properties of commonly used windows

37 4 Rectangular, Bartlett, Hanning, Hamming and Kaiser

38 4 Problem Solving with windows

39 4 Tutorial Class


41 1 Sampling of Continuous time signals – Frequency domain representation of

sampling – Aliasing

42 1 Reconstruction of the analog signal from its samples – Discrete time

processing of continuous time signals



43 1 Tutorial Class

44 1 Impulse invariance – Changing the sampling rate using discrete time

processing – Sampling rate reduction by an integer factor

45 1 Compressor – Time and frequency domain relations

46 1 Time and frequency domain relations – Changing the sampling rate by a

rational factor

47 1 Tutorial Class


49 2 Transform analysis of LTI systems

50 2 Phase and group delay

51 2 Frequency response for rational system functions

52 2 Tutorial Class

53 2 Frequency response of a single zero and pole – Multiple poles and zeros

54 2 Frequency response of a single zero and pole – Multiple poles and zeros

55 2 Relationship between magnitude and phase

56 2 All pass systems – Minimum phase systems

57 2 Tutorial Class

58 2 Linear phase systems – Generalised linear phase

59 2 4 types – Location of zeros

60 2 Tutorial Class





1. List the advantages and applications of DSP.

2. What are the factors that influence the selection of DSPs.

3. Explain the sampling rate change by integer factor.

4. Explain the sampling rate change by rational factor.

5. Design a system which can reconstruct a bandlimited signal from its samples.

6. Explain the frequency domain illustration of an upsampler.

7. Explain the frequency domain illustration of a downsampler.

8. What is multirate signal processing? With the help of block diagrams and waveforms

explain its application in a CD audio player.

9. With help of necessary equations and waveforms bring out the time and frequency

domain relations of the system which increases the sampling rate by an integer factor.

10. Explain why IIR filter cannot have linear phase.

11. Discuss on the position of zeros of linear phase FIR filter in the Z-plane.

12. With help of necessary equations and waveforms bring out the time and frequency

domain relations of the system which increases the sampling rate by an integer factor.

13. Describe linear phase FIR filter.

14. Discuss on the all pass systems.

15. Plot the log magnitude, phase and group delay of a single zero for a stable LTI system

with the parameters r (the radius of the zero) and θ (the angle of the zero) in the z-

plane.

16. Obtain the order and pole locations for a Chebyshev filter with a maximum passband

attenuation of 2.5dB at ΩP = 20rad/sec and the stopband attenuation of 30dB at

ΩS=50rad/sec.

17. For each of the following system functions HK(z), specify a minimum phase system

function Hmin(z) such that the frequency response magnitudes of the two system

functions are equal, i.e. | HK(ejw) | = | Hmin(ejw) |.

i.

-1

1-1

-1 -1

2-1 -1

-1 -1

3-1 -1

1 2z) (z)

11 z

3

1(1 3z )(1 z )

4) (z)3 4

(1 z )(1 z )4 3

1(1 3z )(1 z )

2) (z)1

z (1 z )3

a H

b H

c H

18. Differentiate IIR filters and FIR filters.

19. What are the advantages and disadvantages of FIR filters?

20. List the three well known methods of design technique for IIR filters and explain any

one.

21. Write expression for variance of round-off quantization noise.



22. When zero limit cycle oscillation and Over flow limit cycle oscillation has occur?

23. Why? Scaling is important in Finite word length effect.

24. The output of an A/D is fed through a digital system whose system function is

a. H(Z)=0.6z/z-0.6. Find the output noise power of the digital system=8 bits.

25. A digital system is characterized by the difference equation Y(n)=0.95y(n-

1)+x(n). Determine the dead band of the system when x(n)=0 and y(-1)

=13.

26. Two first order filters are connected in cascaded whose system functions of the

Individual sections are H1(z)=1/(1-0.8z-¹ ) and H2(z)=1/(1-0.9z¹ ). Determine the

Overall output noise power.

27. Design and implement linear phase FIR filter of length N =15 which has following

unit sample sequence H(k) = 1 ; for k = 0, 1, 2, 3

= 0 ; for k =4, 5, 6, 7

28. Convert the analog filter in to a digital filter whose system function is S + 0.2 ,

H(s) = (S + 0.2) 2 + 9. Use Impulse Invariant Transformation. Assume

T=1sec

29. Define pre-warping effect? Why it is employed?

30. Write the expression for Kaiser Window function.

31. Why mapping is needed in the design of digital filters?

32. Apply impulse invariant transformation to H(S) = (S +1) (S + 2) with T =1sec and

find H(z).

33. Explain the procedural steps the design of low pass digital Butterworth filter and list

its properties.

34. List the three well known methods of design technique for IIR filters and explain any

one.

35. Design a low pass filter using rectangular window by taking 9 samples of w(n) and

with a cutoff frequency of 1.2 radians/sec. Using frequency sampling method, design

a band pass FIR filter with the following specification. Sampling frequency Fs =8000

Hz, Cutoff frequency fc1 =1000Hz, fc2=3000Hz.Determine the filter coefficients for

N =7.

36. Determine the coefficients of a linear phase FIR filter of length N =15 which has a

symmetric unit sample response and a frequency response that satisfies the conditions

H (2 _k /15) = 1; for k = 0, 1, 2, 3

37. Design and implement linear phase FIR filter of length N =15 which has following

unit sample sequence H(k) = 1 ; for k = 0, 1, 2, 3

i. = 0 ; for k =4, 5, 6, 7

38. Convert the analog filter in to a digital filter whose system function is S + 0.2 ,H(s) =

(S + 0.2)2 + 9.Use Impulse Invariant Transformation .Assume

T=1sec

39. Find the values of WNk, when N=8, k=2 and also for k=3.

40. Draw the radix-2 FFT–DIT butterfly diagram.

41. What is the necessity of sectioned convolution in signal processing?

42. Define Correlation of the sequence.

43. State any two DFT properties.



44. Why impulse invariant transformation is not a one-to-one mapping?

45. State and prove shifting property of DFT.

46. Derive and draw the radix -2 DIT algorithms for FFT of 8 points.

47. Compute the DFT for the sequence {1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 1}. Using radix -2 DIF FFT and

radix -2 DIT- FFT algorithm.

48. Find the output y(n) of a filter whose impulse response is h(n) = {1, 1, 1} and input

signal x(n) = {3, -1, 0, 1, 3, 2, 0, 1, 2, 1}. Using Overlap add overlap save

method.

49. In an LTI system the input x(n) = {1, 1, 1}and the impulse response h(n) = {-1,-1} .

Determine the response of LTI system by radix -2 DIT FFT .

50. Find the output y(n) of a filter whose impulse response is h(n) = {1, 1, 1} and input

signal x(n) = {3, -1, 0, 1, 3, 2, 0, 1, 2, 1}. Using Overlap save method .



6.

EC010 603

RADIATION AND PROPAGATION




PROGRAMME: Electronics and Communication

Engineering

DEGREE: B.Tech

COURSE: Radiation and Propagation SEMESTER: 6 CREDITS: 4

COURSE CODE: EC010 603 REGULATION:

2010

COURSE TYPE: CORE

COURSE AREA/DOMAIN: Communication CONTACT HOURS: 3 hours lecture and 1 hour

tutorial/Week.

CORRESPONDING LAB COURSE CODE (IF

ANY): Advanced communication Lab

LAB COURSE NAME: EC010 707

SYLLABUS:

UNIT DETAILS HOURS

1. Retarded potentials: Concept of vector potential- Modification for time varying-

retarded case- Fields associated with Hertzian dipole- Power radiated and radiation

resistance of current element-Radiation from half-wave dipole and quarter-wave

monopole antennas.

Antenna Parameters: Introduction, Isotropic radiators, Radiation pattern, Gain -

radiation intensity-Directive gain, Directivity, antenna efficiency- antenna field zones.

Reciprocity theorem & its applications, effective aperture, Effective height, radiation

resistance, terminal impedance, front-to back ratio, antenna beam width, antenna

bandwidth, antenna beam efficiency, antenna beam area or beam solid angle,

polarization, antenna temperature.

13

2 Antenna Arrays: Introduction, various forms of antenna arrays, arrays of point

sources, non isotropic but similar point sources, multiplication of patterns, arrays of n-

isotropic point sources, Grating lobes, Properties and Design of Broadside, Endfire,

Binomial and Dolph Chebyshev arrays, Phased arrays, Frequency- Scanning arrays-

Adaptive arrays and Smart antennas.

13

3 Antenna Types:- Horizontal and Vertical Antennas above the ground plane. Loop

Antennas: Radiation from small loop and its radiation resistance- Radiation from a

loop with circumference equal to a wavelength-Helical antenna: Normal mode and

axial mode operation-Yagi uda Antenna- Log periodic antenna- rhombic antenna-

Horn antenna- Reflector antennas and their feed systems- Micro strip antenna-

Selection of antenna based on frequency of operation – Antennas for special

applications: Antenna for terrestrial mobile communication systems, Ground

Penetrating Radar(GPR), Embedded antennas, UWB, Fractal antenna ,Plasma antenna.

13

4. Ground wave propagation: Attenuation characteristics for ground wave propagation-

Calculation of field strength at a distance – Space wave propagation: Reflection

characteristics of earth- Resultant of direct and reflected ray at the receiver- LOS

distance – Effective earth‘s radius – Field strength of space wave - duct propagation

Sky wave propagation: Structure of the ionosphere- effect of earth‘s magnetic field

Effective dielectric constant of ionized region- Mechanism of refraction- Refractive

index- Critical frequency- Skip distance- Effect of earth’s magnetic field- Attenuation

factor for ionospheric propagation- Maximum usable frequency(MUF) – skip distance

– virtual height – skip distance, Fading and Diversity reception.

13

5 Antenna Measurements: Reciprocity in Antenna measurements – Measurement of

radiation pattern – Measurement of ranges - Measurement of different Antenna

parameters- Directional pattern, Gain, Phase, Polarization, Impedance, and Efficiency,

Effective gain,SAR.

8

TOTAL HOURS 60

TEXT/REFERENCE BOOKS:

T/R BOOK TITLE/AUTHORS/PUBLICATION

1. John D. Krauss, Ronald J Marhefka: “Antennas and Wave Propagation”, 4th Edition,Tata Mc Graw Hill

2. Jordan & Balman. “Electromagnetic waves & Radiating Systems”– Prentice Hall India

3. Constantine. A. Balanis: “Antenna Theory- Analysis and Design”, Wiley India, 2nd Edition, 2008

4. R.E Collin: “Antennas & Radio Wave Propagation”, Mc Graw Hill. 1985

5. Terman: “Electronics & Radio Engineering”, 4th Edition, McGraw Hill



6. Kamal Kishor: “Antenna and wave Propagation”, IK International

COURSE PRE-REQUISITES:

C.CODE COURSE NAME DESCRIPTION SEM

EC 010 505 Applied Electromagnetic Theory Review of vector analysis, coordinate

system, coordinate transformation, concept

of electric and magnetic field, Maxwell’s

equation

5

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

1 To impart the basic concepts of radiating structures and antenna parameters

2 To give understanding about analysis of arrays and different types

3 To give idea about different antennas for various applications

4 To give idea about basic propagation mechanisms

5 To give idea about antenna measurements

COURSE OUTCOMES:

SNO DESCRIPTION PO

MAPPING

1 Students will be able to understand basic concepts of antenna radiation and its

parameters.

a,b,c,h,e

2 Students will be able to design and analysis of antenna arrays and its applications. a,b,c,e,h,k

3 Students will be able to develop the idea about the different antenna types and

antennas for special applications

a,b,c,e,f,h,I,j

4 Students will be able to develop concepts in antenna parameter measurements a,b,c,e,f,h,k

5 Students will be able to understand different propagation mechanisms namely ground,

space and sky waves

a,b,c,e

GAPS IN THE SYLLABUS - TO MEET INDUSTRY/PROFESSION REQUIREMENTS:

SNO DESCRIPTION PROPOSED

ACTIONS

1 Hands on different antenna types and measurement set up Lab Sessions

PROPOSED ACTIONS: TOPICS BEYOND SYLLABUS/ASSIGNMENT/INDUSTRY VISIT/GUEST

LECTURER/NPTEL ETC


1 High Frequency Simulation Tools for Antenna Designs


1 www.antenna-theory.com

2 http://www.dxzone.com/catalog/Antennas/

3 http://www.engr.sjsu.edu/rkwok/EE172/Antenna_Fundamental.pdf


☐ CHALK & TALK ☐ STUD. ASSIGNMENT ☐ WEB RESOURCES ☐ ADD-ON COURSES


☐ ASSIGNMENTS ☐ ADD-ON COURSES ☐ TESTS/MODEL

EXAMS

☐ UNIV.

EXAMINATION

☐ STUD. LAB

PRACTICES

☐ STUD. VIVA ☐ MINI/MAJOR

PROJECTS


☐ ASSESSMENT OF COURSE OUTCOMES (BY

FEEDBACK, ONCE)

☐ STUDENT FEEDBACK ON FACULTY

(TWICE)

☐ ASSESSMENT OF MINI/MAJOR PROJECTS BY

EXT. EXPERTS


Dr.Deepti Das Krishna, Swapna Davies (HOD)



6.2. COURSE PLAN


1 1 Retarded potentials: Concept of vector potential

2 1 Modification for time varying- retarded case

3 1 Fields associated with Hertzian dipole

4 1 Power radiated and radiation resistance of current element

5 1 Radiation from half-wave dipole and quarter-wave monopole antennas

6 1 Antenna Parameters: Introduction, Isotropic radiators

7 1 Radiation pattern, Gain -radiation intensity

8 1 Directive gain, Directivity

9 1 Antenna efficiency- antenna field zones

10 1 Reciprocity theorem & its applications, effective aperture

11 1 Tutorial problems

12 1 Effective height, radiation resistance, terminal impedance

13 1 Front-to back ratio, antenna beam width

14 1 Antenna beam area or beam solid angle

15 1 Polarization, antenna temperature

16 1 Tutorial problems

17 2 Antenna Arrays: Introduction, various forms of antenna arrays

18 2 Arrays of point sources

19 2 Non isotropic but similar point sources

20 2 Multiplication of patterns

21 2 Arrays of n-isotropic point sources Grating lobes

22 2 Properties and Design of Broadside Endfire

23 2 Binomial



24 2 Dolph Chebyshev arrays

25 2 Phased arrays

26 2 Frequency- Scanning arrays

27 2 Adaptive arrays Smart antennas

28 3 Horizontal and Vertical Antennas above the ground plane. Loop

Antennas

29 3 Tutorial Problems

30 3 Radiation from small loop and its radiation resistance, Radiation from a

loop with circumference equal to a wavelength

31 3 Helical antenna: Normal mode and axial mode operation, Yagi uda

Antenna

32 3 Log periodic antenna, rhombic antenna- Horn antenna

33 3 Reflector antennas and their feed systems


35 3 Micro strip antenna, Selection of antenna based on frequency of

operation

36 3 Antennas for special applications: Antenna for terrestrial mobile

communication systems

37 3 Ground Penetrating Radar(GPR)

38 3 Embedded antennas, UWB Fractal antenna ,Plasma antenna


40 4 Ground wave propagation: Attenuation characteristics for ground wave

propagation

41 4 Calculation of field strength at a distance

42 4 Space wave propagation: Reflection characteristics of earth- Resultant of

direct and reflected ray at the receiver

43 4 LOS distance – Effective earth‘s radius


45 4 Field strength of space wave -duct propagation



46 4 Sky wave propagation: Structure of the ionosphere- effect of earth‘s

magnetic field Effective dielectric constant of ionized region

47 4 Mechanism of refraction- Refractive index- Critical frequency

48 4 Skip distance- Effect of earth’s magnetic field


50 4 Attenuation factor for ionospheric propagation- Maximum usable

frequency(MUF)

51 4 Skip distance – virtual height – skip distance

52 4 Fading and Diversity reception

53 5 Antenna Measurements: Reciprocity in Antenna measurements


55 5 Measurement of radiation pattern – Measurement of ranges

56 5 Measurement of different Antenna parameters- Directional pattern

57 5 Gain, Phase

58 5 Polarization


60 5 Impedance

61 5 Efficiency

62 5 Effective gain

63 5 SAR




1. Explain the following terms (i) Beam width (ii) Omni directional pattern (iii)Side

lobe level (iv)Field pattern of antenna

2. Define the terms, (i) Bandwidth (ii) Polarization (iii) Effective aperture area.

3. What are principle planes? How the antenna beam width is defined in such planes?

4. Distinguish between directive gain and power gain.

5. Write short note on Normalized field pattern.

6. Explain the following, i. Beam area ii. Radiation intensity iii. Beam Efficiency

iv. Directivity.

7. Explain scalar, vector potential and retarded vector potential .Explain its significance

in electromagnetic radiation.

8. Explain near field and radiation field. Explain the distance requirement between

transmitter and receiver so as to obtain accurate radiation pattern.

9. What is meant by Radiation pattern. With derivation explain the radiation pattern of

half wave dipole also explain the significance of radiation pattern.

10. What is an isotropic radiator? What is the shape of its radiation pattern in three

dimensional spaces?

11. State and explain reciprocity theorem. What are the applications of reciprocity

theorem to antennas?

12. Write short note on effective area and effective length of an antenna.

13. Derive the field components and draw the field pattern for two point source with

spacing of λ/2 and fed with current of equal n magnitude but out of phase by 1800.

14. What is the necessity of an array?

15. Explain the three different types of array with regard to beam pointing direction.

16. Explain about radiation pattern of 4-isotropic and 8-isotropic elements fed in phase,

spaced λ/2 apart?

17. What is uniform linear array? Discuss the application of linear array?

18. Explain the advantages and disadvantage of linear array?

19. What is the optimum spacing in parasitic array? Why?

20. Compare Broad side array and End fire array?

21. Explain the concept of scanning arrays and what the requirement of tapering of arrays

is.

22. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of binomial array? and also Explain the

procedure for measuring the radiation pattern of half wave dipole?

23. Show that, the Chebyshev polynomial of the first kind of order 4 in x is given: T4(x) =

8x4-8x2+1.

24. What happens when spacing between elements of broad side array is a multiple of

wavelength? Explain.

25. Write short note on small loops.

26. Compare far fields of small loop and short dipole.

27. What are the different advantages and disadvantages of loop antennas

28. Sketch the far field patterns of loops of 0.1λ, λ and 3λ/2 diameter.



29. What is the effect of the shape of the small loop on its far field pattern?

30. Write short notes on travelling wave antenna?

31. What is a V- antenna? Explain its characteristics?

32. Explain the constructional features and characteristics of a rhombic antenna.

33. Sketch and explain the constructional features of a helical antenna?

34. Distinguish between Resonant and non-resonant antennas.

35. Distinguish between Narrow band and Wide band antennas.

36. What are the different paths used for propagating radio waves from 300 kHz and 300

MHz?

37. Distinguish between radio and optical horizons. Give the reasons?

38. What is line of sight propagation and explain it.

39. Write short note on tropospheric scatter propagation.

40. Discuss the salient features of space wave propagation.

41. Write short notes on duct propagation.

42. VHF communication is to be established with a 50 watt transmitter at 100 MHz.

43. Calculate the LOS distance, if the heights of transmitting and receiving antennas are

respectively 50 m and 10 m. Assuming the capture area of the transmitting antenna is 25

sqmts, calculate the field strength at the receiving neglecting ground reflected wave.

44. Write a short note on “Antenna Pattern Measurements”.

45. Describe the method of measuring the gain and radiation pattern of an antenna?

46. Explain the impedance measurement of a horn antenna by using slotted line method

with necessary relations?

47. Explain the method of measurement of HPBV of a horn antenna in H plane with a

neat sketch ?

48. Explain the method to find the directivity of the horn antenna?

49. Define and explain Radiation resistance and radiation efficiency

50. With neat sketches, describe how radiation resistance is experimentally measured.



7.

EC010 604

COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE AND PARALLEL

PROCESSING



7.1. COURSE INFORMATION SHEET PROGRAMME: ELECTRONICS AND

COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

DEGREE: B.TECH

COURSE: COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE AND

PARALLEL PROCESSING

SEMESTER: VI CREDITS: 4

COURSE CODE: EC010 601

REGULATION: 2010

COURSE TYPE: CORE

COURSE AREA/DOMAIN: COMPUTER

ARCHITECTURE

CONTACT HOURS: 3+1 (Tutorial) hours/Week.

CORRESPONDING LAB COURSE CODE (IF ANY):

NIL

LAB COURSE NAME: NIL

SYLLABUS:

UNIT DETAILS HOURS

I Introduction : Difference between Architecture, Organisation and Hardware, Review of basic

operational concepts – Stored program concept, Instruction sequencing, bus structure, Software

support- translating and executing a program- assembler, linker, loader, OS, Instruction types and

Addressing modes. CPU Performance and its factors, Performance evaluation, The Power wall,

Switch from uniprocessors to multiprocessors, Basic concepts of pipelining, superscalar architecture

and multithreading, Instruction level parallelism (basic idea only).

12

II Processor Organisation: Control Unit design: Execution of a complete instruction, Single bus and

multibus organisation, Sequencing of control signals, Hardwired control unit, Microprogrammed

control unit. Arithmetic and logic design – review of signed and unsigned binary arithmetic, fast

adders, Array multiplier, sequential multiplier, Booth’s algorithm, fast multiplication methods,

integer division – restoring and non-restoring methods, floating point numbers.

12

III Memory and I/O Organisation: Memory hierarchy, Memory characteristics, Internal organization of

semiconductor RAM memories, Static and Dynamic RAM memories, flash memory, Cache memory

– mapping function, replacement algorithm, measurement and improvement of cache performance,

Virtual memory and address translation, MMU. Secondary memories – magnetic and optical disks,

I/O accessing – Programmed, Interrupt driven and DMA , Buses- synchronous and asynchronous,

bus standards.

12

IV Parallel Processing :Enhancing performance with pipelining-overview, Designing instruction set for

pipelining, pipelined datapath, Hazards in pipelining. Flynn’s classification, Multicore processors

and Multithreading, Multiprocessor systems-Interconnection networks, Multicomputer systems,

Clusters and other message passing architecture.

12

V PC Hardware: Today’s PC architecture – block diagram, Familiarisation of PC hardware

components. Processor - Pentium series to higher processors - single core, hyperthreading, dual

core, multi core and many core processors (brief idea about evolution and improvements in

performance) Motherboard – Typical architecture , Essential Chipsets, Sockets, Slots and ports –

serial, parallel, USB, RAM , Brief idea about buses, Subsystems (Network, Sound and Graphics,

Ethernet port), Storage devices : Hard Disks-Types and Classification based on interface- Optical

Storage – CD, DVD, BLURAY SMPS – Functions, power connectors.

Typical specifications for a computer

12

TOTAL HOURS 60



1 Carl Hamacher : “Computer Organization ”, Fifth Edition, Mc Graw Hill.

2 David A. Patterson and John L.Hennessey, “Computer Organisation and Design”, Fourth Edition, Morgan

Kaufmann.

3 William Stallings: “Computer Organisation and Architecture”, Pearson Education.

4 John P Hayes : “Computer Architecture and Organisation”, Mc Graw Hill.

5 Andrew S Tanenbaum : “Structured Computer Organisation”, Pearson Education.

6 Craig Zacker : “PC Hardware : The Complete Reference”, TMH.

7 Nicholas P Carter : “Computer Architecture and Organization”, Mc Graw Hill.

8 Pal Chaudhari: “Computer Organisation and Design”, Prentice hall of India.



EC010 Digital Electronics Control Unit and ALU designs which needs a thorough IV



404 knowledge of Digital Electronics

EC010

506 Microprocessors and Applications

The topics Memory and I/O organization and Parallel

Processing needs better understanding of Microprocessors

and their interfacing.

V

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

1 To impart the basic concepts of architecture and organisation of computers

2 To develop understanding about pipelining and parallel processing techniques

3 To impart knowledge about the current PC hardware

COURSE OUTCOMES:

S NO DESCRIPTION PO

MAPPING

1 Will have a sound understanding of architecture and organisation of computers. a, b

2 Will have a sound understanding of pipelining and parallel processing techniques. a, b

3 Will be able to design control unit and ALU for simple applications thus able to design and

interpret engineering problems. a, b

4 Will be able to appear for any competitive examinations for computers / microprocessors since it

deals with pipelining, parallel processing and processor, memory & I/O organizations. a

5 Will be able to understand and interpret new processors developed hence helps in lifelong

learning. a, i, c

6 Will have lot of scope for doing research in this area to develop new concepts and processor

architectures. i, j, k, l

7 Reading assignments are given to read the books so as to develop a imagination capability to

understand the processor architecture and organization. d, e



ACTIONS

1 Interfacing of processor and memory Assignment

2 Interconnection of various computing modules Mini Project

3 Practical application of parallel processing techniques Project


LECTURER/NPTEL ETC


1 Evolution of computers to today’s form

2 Convergence of different computing devices

3 Cloud computing

4 Pipelining & Parallel Processing techniques used by various processor manufacturers

5 Basic idea of supercomputers


1 http://nptel.iitm.ac.in/video.php?subjectId=106102062

2 http://nptel.iitm.ac.in/video.php?subjectId=106106092

3 https://computing.llnl.gov/tutorials/parallel_comp/ DELIVERY/INSTRUCTIONAL METHODOLOGIES:








☐ ASSESSMENT OF COURSE OUTCOMES (BY FEEDBACK, ONCE) ☐ STUDENT FEEDBACK ON FACULTY (TWICE)



by

(Faculty) (HOD)

Bonifus P L



7.2. COURSE PLAN


1 1 CIS, Introduction

2 1 Prerequisite Tutorials (Digital Electronics & Microprocessors and

Applications)

3 1 Difference between Architecture, Organisation and Hardware, Review of

basic operational concepts – Stored program concept

4 1 Instruction sequencing, bus structure

5 1 Tutorial

6 1 Software support- translating and executing a program- assembler, linker,

loader, OS

7 1 Instruction types and Addressing modes

8 1 CPU Performance and its factors

9 1 Performance evaluation, The Power wall, Switch from uniprocessors to

multiprocessors

10 1 Tutorial

11 1 Basic concepts of pipelining

12 1 Superscalar architecture and multithreading

13 1 Tutorial

14 1 Instruction level parallelism

15 2 Control Unit design: Execution of a complete instruction

16 2 Tutorial

17 2 Single bus and multibus organisation

18 2 Sequencing of control signals, Hardwired control unit

19 2 Tutorial

20 2 Microprogrammed control unit



21 2 Arithmetic and logic design – review of signed and unsigned binary

arithmetic

22 2 Fast adders

23 2 Tutorial

24 2 Array multiplier, sequential multiplier

25 2 Booth’s algorithm, fast multiplication methods

26 2 Integer division – restoring and non-restoring methods

27 2 Tutorial

28 2 Floating point numbers

29 3 Memory hierarchy, Memory characteristics

30 3 Tutorial

31 3 Internal organization of semiconductor RAM memories, Static and

Dynamic RAM memories

32 3 Flash memory, Cache memory – mapping function

33 3 Replacement algorithm, measurement and improvement of cache

Performance

34 3 Virtual memory and address translation

35 3 Tutorial

36 3 MMU

37 3 Secondary memories – magnetic and optical disks

38 3 Tutorial

39 3 I/O accessing – Programmed, Interrupt driven and DMA

40 3 Tutorial

41 3 Buses- synchronous and asynchronous, bus standards

42 4 Enhancing performance with pipelining-overview

43 4 Tutorial

44 4 Designing instruction set for pipelining, pipelined datapath



45 4 Hazards in pipelining

46 4 Tutorial

47 4 Flynn’s classification

48 4 Tutorial

49 4 Multicore processors and Multithreading

50 4 Multiprocessor systems-Interconnection networks

51 4 Multicomputer systems

52 4 Tutorial

53 4 Clusters and other message passing architecture

54 5 SMPS – Functions, power connectors Typical specifications for a

computer

55 4 Tutorial

56 5 Today’s PC architecture – block diagram

57 5 Familiarisation of PC hardware components

58 5 Tutorial

59 5 Processor - Pentium series to higher processors - single core,

hyperthreading

60 5 Tutorial

61 5 Dual core, multi core and many core processors

62 5 Motherboard – Typical architecture , Essential Chipsets, Sockets

63 5 Tutorial

64 5 Slots and ports – serial, parallel, USB, RAM

65 5 Tutorial

66 5 Brief idea about buses, Subsystems (Network, Sound and Graphics,

Ethernet port)

67 5 Storage devices : Hard Disks-Types and Classification based on interface-

Optical Storage – CD, DVD, BLURAY




1. Explain difference between architecture and organization.

2. Explain multithreading in processors.

3. Explain the concept of power wall.

4. Explain how user program and OS routines shares the processor with a suitable

example and diagram.

5. A compiler designer is trying to decide between two code sequences for a particular

computer. The hardware designers have supplied the following facts:

CPI

Instruction Class

A B C

1 2 3

For a particular high-level language statement, the compiler writer is

considering two code sequences that require the following instruction counts:

Code

Sequence

Instruction counts for each instruction class

A B C

1 2 1 2

2 4 1 1

Which code sequence executes the most instructions? Which will be faster?

What is the CPI for each sequence?

6. Explain in detail different methods of I/O accessing.

7. Write short not about switch form uniprocessors to multiprocessors.

8. What do you mean by CPU performance, how it is measured and what are its factors?

Also write down classic CPU performance equation.

9. How on-chip parallelism can increase the throughput of a chip, also explain different

techniques to achieve on-chip parallelism.

10. How does micro programmed control unit works.

11. Explain different types of division techniques.

12. Write short note about Booth algorithm and its efficiency with suitable examples.

13. Explain how signed and unsigned addition can be performed using 2’s complement

logic.

14. Explain execution of a complete instruction for a single bus organization. What

happens when an unconditional and conditional branch occurs, explain with control

sequence.

15. Explain Microprogrammed control unit in detail.

16. Explain long hand, restoring & non-restoring division of binary numbers in detail.

Also draw the circuit arrangement for binary division.



17. How carry save addition can be used to speed up the addition of summands in a

multiplication operation compared to ripple carry addition? Explain in detail with

suitable diagrams and examples.

18. Explain how signed and unsigned subtraction can be performed using 2’s complement

logic.

19. Describe the working of a sequential multiplier with the help of an example.

20. Explain in detail about Carry Look Ahead addition and its propagation delays. Also

explain about high level generate and propagate functions.

21. Briefly explain MMU.

22. Explain replacement algorithm.

23. Briefly explain types of memories used in computer.

24. Write a brief note on magnetic disk principles.

25. Explain how virtual address is translated to physical address

26. What is the need for replacement algorithms in cache memory, explain any one in

brief.

27. Write a note on use of a PCI bus in a computer system. Also explain how read

operation is done on PCI bus.

28. Explain about Superscalar operation and Multithreading.

29. Explain in detail organization of asynchronous and synchronous DRAMs. Also write

notes on concepts of burst read operation, latency & bandwidth and DDR SDRAM.

30. Explain in detail different cache memory mapping functions.

31. How cache performance can be measured and analyzed. What are the techniques to

improve cache performance?

32. What are the hazards of pipelining?

33. Explain instruction sets for pipelining.

34. Explain message passing architecture in detail.

35. What is operand forwarding?

36. What are the different types of parallel processor systems according to Flynn?

37. How performance can be enhanced with pipelining? Explain with the help of an

example.

38. Draw a neat diagram of pipelined datapath, mention what are the changes from a non-

pipelined datapath.

39. Explain different message passing networks in detail.

40. What is a cluster? What are its advantages and disadvantages?

41. What are the peculiarities of the instruction set for pipelined architecture?

42. Explain in detail about data hazard and instruction hazard.

43. Classify storage devices.

44. Write notes on Pentium processor.

45. Explain block diagram and architecture of common PC.

46. Explain various hardware units of PC.

47. What is hyperthreading?

48. Explain in detail about various optical storage methods.

49. Explain the working and functions of SMPS.



50. Explain various hardware units of PC.

8.

EC010 605

MICROCONTROLLERS AND APPLICATIONS




PROGRAMME: U.G. DEGREE: BTECH

COURSE: MICROCONTROLLERS AND APPLICATIONS

SEMESTER: SIX CREDITS: 4

COURSE CODE: EC010 605 REGULATION: 2010 COURSE TYPE: REGULAR

COURSE AREA/DOMAIN: Microcontrollers CONTACT HOURS: 4+2 (Tutorial) hours/Week.

CORRESPONDING LAB COURSE CODE (IF ANY): yes LAB COURSE NAME:ECE 010 607 Microprocessor

&Microcontroller Lab

SYLLABUS:

UNIT DETAILS HOURS

I Introduction to Microcontrollers: Comparison with Microprocessors – Harvard and Von

Neumann Architectures - 80C51 microcontroller – features - internal block schematic -

pin descriptions, I/O ports.

9

II Memory organization – Programming model - Program status word - register banks -

Addressing modes - instruction set –Programming examples.

9

III Interrupts - interrupt sources - interrupt handling – programming examples. Timers

operationdifferent modes –waveform generation- programming examples - Serial

communication-different modes - programming examples.

9

IV Interfacing of DIP switch- LED -7 segment displays -alphanumeric LCD – relay interface

–Stepper motor –ADC-DAC-interfacing programs using assembly language.

9

V Overview of PIC 18, memory organisation, CPU, registers, pipelining, instruction format,

addressing modes, instruction set, interrupts, interrupt operation, resets, parallel ports,

timers, CCP.

9

TOTAL HOURS 45



1 Muhammad Ali Mazidi, The 8051 Microcontroller and embedded sytems, Pearson Education 2nd edition,

2006

2 Kenneth J Ayala, The 8051 Microcontroller, Penram International, 3rd edition 2007

3 Myke Predko, “Programming and customizing the 8051 microcontroller” TMH, 2004

4 Han Way Huang, “PIC microcontroller An introduction to software and hardware interfacing”, Cenage

learning 2007

5 Muhammad Ali Mazidi “PIC microcontroller and embedded systems using assembly and C for PIC 18” ,

Pearson 2009



EN010 506 Microprocessors and applications 8085 and 8086 processors architecture and assembly

language programming basics

5

COURSE OBJECTIVES:



1 To study the architecture of 8051, PIC18 microcontrollers

2 To understand the instruction set and programming of 8051.

3 To know the Interfacing methods and programming using 8051.

COURSE OUTCOMES:

SNO DESCRIPTION PO

MAPPING

1 At the completion of the course the students are expected to have a detailed idea about the

architecture of microcontrollers.

a,b,c,e,i,k

2 By this course students will get knowledge about the assembly language programming a,b,c,e,i,k

3 They are expected to design, implement and program microcontrollers for any system

based on the knowledge acquired of the subject.

a,b,c,e,i,k

4 They will able to design interfacing circuits and systems using microcontrollers a,b,c,e,i,k

5 This would be helpful to students to study about PIC microcontroller

a,b,c,e,i,k,l


SNO DESCRIPTION PROPOSED ACTIONS

1 High level programming in the theory Can be included in the syllabus



1 Keil programming


1 www.atmel .com

2 http://galia.fc.uaslp.mx/

3 http://www.keil.com/c51/

4 www.nptel.com



☐ LCD/SMART BOARDS ☐STUD. SEMINARS ☐ ADD-ON COURSES







ONCE)




MS. TRESSA MICHAEL MR. JAISON JACOB

(Faculty) (HOD)

http://www.keil.com/c51/

http://www.nptel.com/



8.2. COURSE PLAN


1 1 Pin Descriptions Port0 ,Port 1, Port 2, Port3 Internal Block Schematic Pin

Configurations

2 1

8051 architecture Oscillator and Clock Program Counter and Data Pointer A and

B CPU Registers Flags and Program Status Word Internal Memory Stack and

Stack Pointer Special Function Register

3 1




4 1




5 1 Program protection Power control Register PCON Idle and Power Down

Mode

6 1 Program protection Power control Register PCON Idle and Power Down

Mode

7 2 Addressing modes of 8051

8 1 Addressing modes of 8051

9 2 Instruction set classification

10 1 16 bit arithmetic operations

11 2 Programming example

12 2 Subroutines basic concepts

13 2 Programming examples

14 2 Branch instructions -programming examples

15 2 Rotation instructions programming examples



16 2 More programming examples

17 3 Interrupts - interrupt sources - interrupt handling

18 3 Interrupts - interrupt sources - interrupt handling

19 3 Timers operationdifferent modes

20 3 Timers operationdifferent modes

21 3 Waveform generation

22 3 Waveform generation

23 3 Serial communicationdifferent modes

24 3 Serial communicationdifferent modes



27 4 Interfacing of DIP switch- LED -7 segment displays

28 4 Alphanumeric LCD

29 4 Relay interface –Stepper motor

30 4 ADC-DAC-interfacing programs

31 5 Overview of PIC 18

32 5 CPU, registers

33 5 Memory

34 5 Pipelining

35 5 Addressing modes

36 5 Instruction set

37 5 Interrupts, interrupt operation

38 5 Resets

39 5 Parallel ports

40 5 Parallel ports






1. Differentiate between Microprocessor and Microcontroller?

2. Describe the Pin configuration of 8051?

3. Draw and Explain the Block Diagram of 8051?

4. What are different ways for classifying the Microcontroller?

5. List the various types of Microcontroller and their family members?

6. Describe the port structure of Microcontroller?

7. Define the Input port and Output port?

8. Explain 8051 signals which has different meaning at different instances?

9. When should EPROM to be used and when to be flash to be used?

10. Describe Internal Structure of Data Memory?

11. List the benefits of EPROM and Flash memory?

12. Describe the Instruction DJNZ,SETB,CLR, RL?

13. W.A.P. to add two 8 bit numbers kept in internal memory?

14. W.A.P. to multiply two 8-bit kept in the External data memory addressed by

5000H and 5001H respectively. Store the result in the Memory addressed by

5002H.

15. W.A.P. to move bit 4 of RAM location to bit 2 of Accumulator?

16. Describe the concept of stack in 8051?

17. W.A.P. to find largest number among two 8-bit number?

18. Describe the classification of instruction set of 8051?

19. Explain the difference between MOC, MOVX, and MOVC?

20. Describe the difference between LJMP, AJMP and SJMP?

21. Why PUSH and POP instructions are useful for serving to an interrupt?

22. Compare program, routine, interrupt service routine?

23. How do you find execution time for set of instructions in the program?

24. WAP to load 98H into accumulator and execute RRC three times and then add

70H. What will be the results in A and Flags? Assume CF=0?.

25. Create a Square wave of 50% duty cycle over Port 0.0?

26. WAP perform a) keep monitoring the P0.1 until it becomes high b) When P0.1

become high, read data from Port 1 and c) send a low to high pulse on P0.2

indicate that data has been read?

27. WAP to toggle P1.3, P1.7, P.15 continuously without disturbing other pins of

port?

28. Explain the difference between MOV 80H, #99H and MOV @R0, #99H if

R0=80H?

29. If A=90H and CY=1, what is the value A after execution of a) RR A b) RL A c)

RLC A DNA) RRC A

30. Describe the interrupt structure of 8051?

31. Define the Interrupt latency and Dead line?

32. How enabling and disabling of interrupt can be carried out?

33. What is the role of polling to determine the interrupt sources?



34. List the flags for each interrupt source in 8051?

35. Describe the multiple interrupt sources in 8051?

36. How do you disable all the interrupts?

37. How you will set the priorities of interrupt?

38. Describe the Block diagram of 8259?

39. Describe ICW1, ICW2, ICW3, and ICW4?

40. Describe OCW1, OCW2 and OCW3?

41. Draw the interfacing of 8259 with 8051?

42. List interrupts supported by 8051, with their priority and vector location?

43. Interface ADC0816 with 8051 with Port 0 and Port 1? W.A.P. to read the analog

sample and store into memory addressed by 20H?

44. Interface DAC 0800 with 8051?

45. W.A.P. to generate a square wave through it?

46. Describe the IC ADC0816? List it specification?

47. Interface LCD display with 8051? W.A.P. to display 10 characters whose ASCII

code is stored in internal memory addressed by 20H?

48. Design Temperature controlled system using 8051 where system is sensed

temperature of furnace at a regular interval. If it exceeds the desired level

(assume) then Heater control should be turn off otherwise it remains On?

49. Describe the Ideal and Power down mode of 8051?

50. List the various LCD command codes?



9.

EC010 606L04

MEDICAL ELECTRONICS




PROGRAMME: U.G. DEGREE: BTECH

COURSE: MEDICAL ELECTRONICS SEMESTER: S6 CREDITS: 4

COURSE CODE: EC010 606 L04 REGULATION: COURSE TYPE: ELECTIVE

COURSE AREA/DOMAIN: INSTUMENTATION CONTACT HOURS: 3+1 (Tutorial) hours/Week.

CORRESPONDING LAB COURSE CODE (IF ANY):_ LAB COURSE NAME:_

SYLLABUS:

UNIT DETAILS HOURS

I

Introduction to the physiology of cardiac, nervous & muscular and respiratory systems.

Transducers and Electrodes: Different types of transducers & their selection for

biomedical applications. Electrode theory, selection criteria of electrodes & different types

of electrodes such as, Ag - Ag Cl, pH, etc

12

II

Cardiovascular measurement: The heart & the other cardiovascular systems. Measurement

of Blood pressure-direct and indirect method, Cardiac output and cardiac rate.

Electrocardiography-waveform-standard lead systems typical ECG amplifier,

phonocardiography, Ballisto cardiography, Cardiac pacemaker –defibrillator –different

types and its selection.

12

III

EEG Instrumentation requirements –EEG electrode –frequency bands – recording systems

EMG basic principle-block diagram of a recorder –pre amplifier. Bed side monitor –

block diagram- measuring parameters-cardiac tachometer-Alarms-Lead fault indicator-

central monitoring. Telemetry – modulation systems – choice of carrier frequency – single

channel telemetry systems.

12

IV

Instrumentation for clinical laboratory: Bio electric amplifiers-instrumentation amplifiers-

isolation amplifiers-chopper stabilized amplifiers –input guarding - Measurement of pH

value of Blood-blood cell counting, blood flow, Respiratory transducers and instruments.

12

V

Medical Imaging: Computer tomography – basic principle, application –advantage, X ray

tubes, collimators, detectors and display - Ultra sound imaging

12

TOTAL HOURS 60



R J J Carr, “Introduction to Biomedical Equipment Technology” : Pearson Education 4th e/d.

R K S Kandpur, “Hand book of Biomedical instrumentation”, Tata McGraw Hill 2nd e/d.

R John G Webster, “Medical Instrumentation application and design”, John Wiley 3rd e/d.

R Richard Aston, “Principle of Biomedical Instrumentation and Measurement”.



EC010305 Analog Circuits-I To provide an insight into the working, analysis and

design of basic analog circuits and its applications

1

EC010406 Analog Circuits- II

To understand operational amplifier in detail and its

applications.

4

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

1

To help the students learn the basics of instrumentation related to biomedical systems and to get an

overall knowledge of the medical equipments for diagnosis and therapy and medical imaging

systems.

COURSE OUTCOMES:



SNO DESCRIPTION PO

MAPPING

1 The ability to design a system, component, or process to meet desired needs in the biomedical

sector .

a,b,c,e

2 The capability to apply science and engineering concepts to solve problems at the

interface of engineering and biology.

a,b,h,i,j,k

3 An ability to make measurements and interpret data from living systems.

a,c,e,h

4 An ability to address problems associated with man-machine interaction systems.

b,c,e,h,i

5 To develop technology to help the medical world in the diagnosis and therapy

of diseases.

c,f,h,i,k



ACTIONS

1 Practical Implementation of Digital Signal Processing techniques Concepts and techniques demonstrated using

simulation tools like Matlab.



1 Systolic, Diastolic and Mean Detector circuit Plethysmography.

2 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging (NMRI) Technique


1 http://users.rowan.edu/~polikar/CLASSES/ECE404/Lecture6.pdf

2 http://www.cis.rit.edu/htbooks/nmr/inside.htm

3 http://users.rowan.edu/~polikar/CLASSES/ECE404/Lecture13.pdf










ONCE)




MS. ANILA KURIAKOSE MR. JAISON JACOB

(Faculty) (HOD)

http://users.rowan.edu/~polikar/CLASSES/ECE404/Lecture6.pdf

http://www.cis.rit.edu/htbooks/nmr/inside.htm

http://users.rowan.edu/~polikar/CLASSES/ECE404/Lecture13.pdf



9.2. COURSE PLAN


1 1 Introduction to the physiology of cardiovascular system

2 1 Introduction to the physiology of respiratory system

3 1 Introduction to the physiology of nervous system

4 1 Introduction to the physiology of muscular system

5 1 Transducers and their selection criteria

6 1 Types of transducers

7 1 Electrode theory

8 1 Selection criteria of electrodes & different types of electrodes

9 1 Types of transducers -- contd.

10 2 The heart & the other cardiovascular systems

11 2 Measurement of Blood pressure-direct method-indirect method

12 2 Measurement of Blood pressure- contd.

13 2 Cardiac output and cardiac rate

14 2 Electrocardiography-waveform-standard lead systems

15 2 Standard lead systems (contd)

16 2 Typical ECG amplifier, phonocardiography

17 2 Ballisto cardiography,Cardiac pacemaker

18 2 Cardiac Pacemakers -- contd.

19 2 Defibrillator selection-different types

20 2 Defibrillator selection-different types-- contd

21 3 EEG Instrumentation requirements –EEG electrode-frequency bands



22 3 EEG recording systems

23 3 EMG basic principle-block diagram of a recorder –pre amplifier

24 3 Bed side monitor –block diagram,measuring parameters

25 3 Cardiac tachometer-Alarms-Lead fault indicator

26 3 Cardiac tachometer-Alarms-Lead fault indicator

27 3 Central monitoring

28 3 Telemetry – modulation systems - choice of carrier frequency

29 3 Single channel telemetry systems

30 4 Instrumentation for clinical laboratory: Bio electric amplifiers

31 4 Instrumentation amplifiers isolation amplifiers

32 4 Chopper stabilized amplifiers –input guarding

33 4 Measurement of ph value of Blood

34 4 Blood cell counting

35 4 Blood flow measurements

36 4 Respiratory transducers

37 4 Instruments for respiratory measurements

38 4 Instruments for respiratory measurements -- contd.

39 5 Medical Imaging: Computer tomography – basic principle

40 5 Medical Imaging: Computer tomography – basic principle-- contd.

41 5 Computed tomography (contd)

42 5 Applications and advantages of CT

43 5 X ray tubes

44 5 X ray tubes -- contd.



45 5 Collimators

46 5 Detectors and display

47 5 Ultrasound imaging

48 5 Ultrasound imaging (contd)

48 5 Ultrasound imaging (contd)




1. Explain with figure the electrical activity of the heart. Also draw the

electrocardiogram waveform and explain.

2. Briefly explain respiratory system and blood purification.

3. Define and explain resting and action potentials.

4. How is an action potential generated and propagated? Draw and explain an action

potential waveform.

5. Describe the anatomy and physiology of a human brain.

6. Explain the concept of electrode-skin interface.

7. Explain with figure the different types of surface and microelectrodes with their

uses.

8. With figure, explain construction, working and applications of Ag-Agcl electrode

and pH electrodes.

9. Describe in detail the transducers for biological applications.

10. Write a short note on implantable transducers.

11. Describe in detail the different methods of direct pressure measurement.

12. Define cardiac rate and cardiac output.

13. Describe the thermal dilution method to measure cardiac output.

14. Draw and explain ECG waveform.

15. Explain the 12 lead system of ECG measurement with figures. What are its

clinical applications?

16. Define and explain Einthoven’s triangle and cardiac vector.

17. Explain Phonocardiography.

18. What is a cardiac pacemaker? Explain the different types.

19. What is the necessity of a defibrillator? Describe with schematic, the different

types of defibrillators used.

20. Explain in detail the different cardiac pacing modes.

21. List the different frequency bands of EEG related to the state of a human being.

22. Explain the following:

i. EEG electrodes

ii. EMG electrodes.

23. Explain EMG Recorder with a neat block diagram.

24. What are the different parameters measured in a bedside monitoring system.

25. With the help of a neat diagram, explain the construction and working of different

types of cardio tachometers.

26. Explain the different types of alarm circuits employed in bedside monitors.

27. What is a Lead Fault Indicator?

28. With block diagram, explain a single channel telemetry system.

29. Write a short note on, choice of carrier frequency in a telemetry system.

30. With a neat block diagram, explain a multichannel EEG system. Also explain a

visual and auditory evoked potential system.



31. Describe an instrumentation amplifier and explain its role in biomedical

instruments.

32. Explain isolation amplifier for biomedical applications and explain its different

types?

33. What is input guarding?

34. Explain in detail the principle of spirometer with a neat sketch.

35. Explain the measurement of pH value of blood.

36. Explain the principle of ultrasonic Doppler shift blood flow meter and explain its

operation with a block diagram.

37. With block diagram, explain the principle and working of Coulter counter.

38. What is a blood cell counter? Explain the different types.

39. Sketch the arrangement used for measuring the arterial blood flow using NMR

method. Explain its operation.

40. Name different respiratory transducers and briefly explain its working.

41. Explain the role of collimators and grids in X-ray tubes.

42. Briefly explain the gantry geometry.

43. Explain the basic principle of X-Ray tubes.

44. Explain the basic principle of computed tomography with neat diagram.

45. Briefly explain the different ultrasound imaging techniques.

46. Describe the automatic dose control in an X-Ray image intensifier system.

47. Compare the advantages and applications of X-Ray and ultrasound scanning

systems.

48. Draw the block diagram of X-Ray image intensifier system and explain its

constructional details.

49. Explain micro shock hazards and macro shock hazards with figures.

50. Explain patient safety and the precautions taken to ensure it.



10.

EC010 606L06

TELEVISION AND RADAR ENGINEERING




PROGRAMME: ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION DEGREE: BTECH

COURSE: TELEVISION AND RADAR ENGINEERING SEMESTER: 6 CREDITS: 4

COURSE CODE: EC010 606L06 REGULATION :

2010

COURSE TYPE: ELECTIVE

COURSE AREA/DOMAIN: COMMUNICATION CONTACT HOURS: 3+1 (Tutorial) hours/Week.

CORRESPONDING LAB COURSE CODE (IF ANY): NIL LAB COURSE NAME: NA

SYLLABUS:

UNIT DETAILS HOURS

I Principles of television - image continuity - interlaced scanning - blanking - synchronizing –

composite video signal - video and sound signal modulation - channel bandwidth - vestigial sideband transmission – television signal propagation

Television receiver circuits – IF section, video detector-video amplifiers-AGC, Sync

processing and AFC-Horizontal and vertical deflection circuits –sound section-tuner .

12

II Colour TV - Colour perception - luminance, hue and saturation - colour TV camera and

picture tube(working principle only) - colour signal transmission - bandwidth - modulation - formation of chrominance signal - principles of NTSC, PAL and SECAM coder and decoder.

12

III Digital TV - composite digital standards - 4 f sc NTSC standard - general specifications - sampling structure - digital transmission, Flat panel display TV receivers-LCD and Plasma

screen receivers-3DTV-EDTV.

Cable TV - cable frequencies - co-axial cable for CATV - cable distribution system - cable decoders - wave traps and scrambling methods, Satellite TV technology-Geo Stationary

Satellites-Satellite Electronics

12

IV Introduction- Radar Equation- Block diagram- Radar frequencies- Applications- Prediction of range performance –Pulse Repetition Frequency and Range ambiguities –Antenna

parameters- System losses.

CW Radar-The Doppler Effect- FM-CW radar- Multiple frequency radar – MTI Radar- Principle- Delay line cancellors- Noncoherent MTI-Pulse Doppler Radar- Tacking Radar –

Sequential lobing-Conical Scan- Monopulse – Acquisition- Comparison of Trackers.

12

V Radar Transmitters- Modulators-Solid state transmitters, Radar Antennas- Parabolic-

Scanning feed-Lens- Radomes, Electronically steered phased array antenna-Applications, Receivers-Displays-Duplexers.

Special purpose radars-Synthetic aperture radar- HF and over the horizon radar- Air

surveillance radar- Height finder and 3D radars – Bistatic radar-Radar Beacons- Radar Jamming and Electronic Counters .

12

TOTAL HOURS 60



T Gulati R.R., Modern Television Engineering, Wiley Eastern Ltd.

R Dhake A.M., Television Engineering, Tata McGraw Hill, 2001 .

R R.P.Bali, “Color Television, Theory and Practice”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 1994

R R.G Gupta., “ Television Engineering and Video System”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2005

R Bernard Grob & Charles E. Herndon, “Basic Television and Video Systems”, McGraw Hill International

T Damacher P., “Digital Broadcasting”, IEE Telecommunications Series

T Merrill I. Skolnik, “Introduction to Radar Systems”– 3rd Edition, McGraw Hill, 2001.

R Merril I.Skolnik , “Radar Handbook”-, 3rd Edition, McGraw Hill Publishers,2008.

R J. C. Toomay, Paul Hannen, “Radar Principles for the Non-Specialist”, Printice hall

of India,2004



EN010 109 Basic Electronics Engineering & Information Technology

Basics of Communication Engineering & Circuits 1

EC010 405 Analog Communications Basics of Communication Engineering 4

EC010 505 Applied Electromagnetic Theory Basics of EM waves 5

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

1 To familiarize the students with the fundamentals of TV Engineering and its applications

2 To familiarize the students with the fundamentals of Radar Engineering and its applications



SNO DESCRIPTION PO

MAPPING

1 To familiarise the students with the working principles of television images, TV signal

modulation, transmission & propagation and television receiver circuits

a, b, d, e

2 To familiarise the students with the working principles of Colour TV; NTSC, PAL and

SECAM standards; Digital TV; Flat panel display TV receivers & Cable TV

a, b, d,

e, j, k

3 To understand Radar systems and basic equations.

a, b, d, e

4 To study different types of radar systems and its applications; radar transmitters; different

special purpose radars

a, b, d,

e, j, k

5 To understanding working principle of the digital TV standards and displays and cable TV c,h



ACTIONS

1 Electromagnetic Deflection Seminar topic

2. Weather surveillance radar (WSR) Seminar topic



1 Familiarize students with the modern TV technology, display system and transmission means.

2 Familiarize students with the real life applications of radar systems


1 http://broadcastengineering.com/

2 http://www.rfcafe.com/










ONCE)




DR. DEEPTI DAS KRISHNA MR. JAISON JACOB

(Faculty) (HOD)

http://accessengineeringlibrary.com/browse/standard-handbook-of-video-and-television-engineering-fourth-edition/p2000a20e9975_33001



10.2. COURSE PLAN


1 1 Principles of television

2 1 Elements of TV system

3 1 Image continuity - interlaced scanning

4 1 Blanking - synchronizing

5 1 Composite video signal

6 1 Video and sound signal modulation

7 1 Channel bandwidth

8 1 Channel bandwidth

9 1 Vestigial sideband transmission

10 1 Television signal propagation

11 1 Television receiver circuits

12 1 IF section, video detector-video amplifiers

13 1 AGC,Sync processing

14 1 AFC

15 1 Horizontal and vertical deflection circuits

16 1 Sound section-tuner

17 2 Colour TV

18 2 Colour perception - luminance, hue and saturation

19 2 Colour TV camera - (working principle only)

20 2 Colour TV picture tube(working principle only)



21 2 Colour signal transmission

22 2 Bandwidth - modulation

23 2 Formation of chrominance signal

24 2 Tutorial

25 2 Principles of NTSC, PAL

26 2 Principles of SECAM coder and decoder.

27 3 Digital TV

28 3 Digital standards - 4 f sc NTSC standard - general specifications

29 3 Sampling structure - digital transmission

30 3 Flat panel display TV receivers

31 3 LCD and Plasma screen receivers-3DTV-EDTV

32 3 Cable TV - cable frequencies - co-axial cable for CATV

33 3 Cable distribution system - cable decoders

34 3 Wave traps and scrambling methods

35 3 Satellite TV technology

36 3 Geo Stationary Satellites

37 3 Satellite Electronics

38 3 Tutorial

39 3 Module 1,2,3 tutorial

40 4 Introduction RADAR

41 4 Radar Equation

42 4 Block diagram- Radar frequencies- Applications

43 4 Prediction of range performance –Pulse Repetition Frequency and Range

ambiguities

44 4 Antenna parameters- System losses



45 4 CW Radar-The Doppler Effect

46 4 FM-CW radar

47 4 Frequency radar – MTI Radar- Principle

48 4 Delay line cancellors

49 4 Noncoherent MTI-Pulse Doppler Radar

50 4 Tacking Radar –Sequential lobing-Conical Scan

51 4 Monopulse – Acquisition- Comparison of Trackers

52 5 Radar Transmitters- Modulators

53 5 Solid state transmitters

54 5 Solid state transmitters

55 5 Radar Antennas- Parabolic-Scanning feed-Lens- Radomes, Electronically

steered phased array antenna

56 5 Applications, Receivers-Displays-Duplexers

57 5 Special purpose radars

58 5 Synthetic aperture radar

59 5 Synthetic aperture radar- HF and over the horizon radar

60 5 Air surveillance radar

61 5 Height finder and 3D radars

62 5 Bistatic radar

63 5 Radar Beacons

64 5 Radar Jamming and Electronic Counters




1. What is the effective no. of lines scanned in 625 B TV system? Explain.

2. Discuss briefly on the resolving power of image reproducing system considering both

vertical and horizontal resolution.

3. What are the functions of equalizing pulses, front porch & back porch of horizontal

sync pulses?

4. What is a BALUN?

5. What causes trailing and leading ghost images?

6. (a) What is meant by flicker? How is it is avoided?

a. (b) Describe by a block diagram, the general working of a TV system.

7. Define scanning. What is Interlaced scanning and how it differs from Ordinary

scanning. Explain.

8. (a) Compare SSB transmission with VSB transmission.

a. (b) Explain in detail about image continuity and interlaced scanning.

9. Describe how EHT and boosted B+ voltages are developed from the horizontal output

circuit

10. What is a SAW filter? Explain

11. Draw the basic colour camera arrangement and write down the use of dichroic mirror

12. What is burst blanking? Explain about colour burst blanking circuit.

13. Give two ways in which colour and monochrome television broadcasting are

compatible.

14. Explain the generation of chrominance signal and Y signal in 625 line system.

15. What is frequency interleaving ? Explain.

16. Draw the circuit diagram of luminance channel and explain its working

17. With the help of simplified block diagram of NTSC colour decoder briefly explain

working of a colour Receiver

18. Explain briefly how the human eye perceives brightness and colour sensations.

Comment on the spectral response of the human eye.

19. Compare and contrast PAL, NTSC and SECAM TV systems

20. Write short notes on :

a. Colour killer circuit.

b. Unsuitability of G-Y for transmission.

21. Explain about digital recording.

22. Explain sampling structure.

23. What is LNB ? Explain it in detail.

24. Why is it desirable to down-convert the satellite TV signal received at the antenna?

25. Write note on cable frequencies.

26. What is DTV? What are all its standards? Explain its compatibility

27. Explain the working of Plasma screen receivers

28. Draw the block diagram and explain the up-down cable TV converter

29. Explain about satellite television.

30. With a block diagram, explain a cable converter



31. Explain the principle of FM CW altimeter.

32. What is Doppler effect? How it is used in Radar?

33. What are the main factors to be considered when deriving radar range equation.

34. Explain, what is meant by "Clutter"?

35. What are delay line cancellers?

36. With a block diagram explain the working of FM-CW radar? How it is used to

measure altitudes?.

37. Explain in detail the principle of operation of: FM CW altimeter MTI Radar.

38. Draw and explain the basic schematic of pulse RADAR.

39. Explain the working of a parabolic antenna, defining the important antenna

parameters

40. Differentiate MTI Radar from pulse Doppler radar. Explain the difference.

41. Write short notes on :

Dish Antenna.

Lens Antennas

Radomes

Modulators

42. What is the function of duplexer used in radar? Explain.

43. Explain the role of a mixer in a radar receiver.

44. What are reflector antennas? List them. Explain anyone.

45. What are the advantages of Electronically steered phased array antenna in radar

systems

46. Explain the working of Electronically steered phased array antenna.

47. Write short notes on Solid state transmitters

48. Write short notes on Air surveillance radar

49. Write short notes on Bistatic radar

50. Write short notes on Radar Jamming and Electronic Counters.



11.

EC010 607

MICROPROCESSOR & MICROCONTROLLER LAB




PROGRAMME: Electronics & Communication Engineering DEGREE: BTECH

COURSE: Microprocessor & Microcontroller Lab SEMESTER: 6 CREDITS: 2

COURSE CODE: EC010 607 REGULATION: 2010 COURSE TYPE: CORE

COURSE AREA/DOMAIN: Embedded system CONTACT HOURS: 3 hrs.

CORRESPONDING LAB COURSE CODE (IF ANY): LAB COURSE NAME: Nil

SYLLABUS:

UNIT DETAILS HOURS

I 8086: Sum of N Numbers. 3 hrs.

II 8086: Display message on screen using code and data segment. 3 hrs.

III 8086: Sorting, factorial of a number 3 hrs.

IV 8086: Square, Square root, & Fibonacci series 3hrs

V 8051: Addition and subtraction, Multiplication and division 3 hrs

VI 8051: Sorting, Factorial of a number 3 hrs.

VII 8051: Square, Square root, & Fibonacci series 3 hrs.

VIII 8051: Display (LED, Seven segments) interface. 3 hrs.

IX 8051: Stepper motor interface. 3 hrs.

TOTAL HOURS 27 hrs.



1 “The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems”, Muhammad Ali Mazidi, Pearson



EC010

506

Microprocessors And Applications Students should know architecture and instruction sets of

8086.

5th

EC010

605

Microcontrollers And Applications Students should know architecture and instruction sets of

8051.

6th

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

1 To give the students a systematic, step by step approach to embedded systems and

microcontrollers

2 Interfacing of various hardware to the microcontroller and the programming is

included in the syllabus

3 Assembly language programming 4 To develop the programming skills of the students 5 To make students able to do the projects and research in embedded area

COURSE OUTCOMES:

SNO DESCRIPTION PO

MAPPING

1 The lab course make the students able to know the detailed architecture of

microcontrollers.

a,b,c,e,i,k

2 By this course students will get knowledge about the assembly language

programming

a,b,c,e,i,k

3 Students will study keil and masm software

a,b,c,e,i,k



4 Students will be able to in develop embedded systems using 8051 a,b,c,e,i,k

5 They will able to design interfacing circuits and systems using microcontrollers a,b,c,e,i,k


SNO DESCRIPTION PROPOSED ACTIONS

1 High level programming in the theory Can be included in the syllabus



1 Keil programming


1 www.atmel .com

2 http://galia.fc.uaslp.mx/

3 http://www.keil.com/c51/

4 www.nptel.com



☐ LCD/SMART BOARDS ☐STUD. SEMINARS ☐ ADD-ON COURSES







ONCE)




by

(Faculty): Tressa Michael

(HOD)

http://www.keil.com/c51/



11.2. COURSE PLAN

Session Contents

1 BATCH A- Basic arithmetic operations using 8051 : Simulation

2 BATCH B - Basic arithmetic operations using 8051 : Simulation

3 BATCH A- Basic arithmetic operations using 8051 : Circuit Wiring.

4 BATCH B - Basic arithmetic operations using 8051 : Circuit Wiring.

5 BATCH A-Sorting, Factorial of a number.

6 BATCH B-Sorting, Factorial of a number.

7 BATCH A- Square, Square root, & Fibonacci series

8 BATCH B- Square, Square root, & Fibonacci series

9 BATCH A -Stepper motor interface

10 BATCH B -Stepper motor interface

11 BATCH A -Display (LED, Seven segments

12 BATCH B -Display (LED, Seven segments

13 8086 BATCH A-Display message on screen using code and data

segment

14 8086 BATCH B-Display message on screen using code and data

segment

15 BATCH A- Addition /Subtraction of 32 bit numbers,SUM OF N

NUMBERS -8086

16 BATCH B- Addition /Subtraction of 32 bit numbers,SUM OF N

NUMBERS -8086

17 BATCH A-Sorting, factorial of a number-8086

18 BATCH B-Sorting, factorial of a number-8086

19 BATCH A-Square, Square root, & Fibonacci series-8086

20 MODEL LAB EXAM




1. Write an ALP to design a 4 bit decade counter using 8051.( Delay needed : 1 sec)

2. Write an ALP to find the average of ‘N’ numbers using 8086.

3. Write an ALP to set up an 8 bit Johnson counter using 8051. (Delay needed : 1 sec)

4. Write an ALP in 8051 to solve the equation X2 + 5X +4.

5. Write an ALP to find factorial of a number using 8086.

6. Write a program to rotate stepper motor clockwise for 3 rotations at a speed of 40 rpm

and then anti clockwise for 2 rotations at a speed of 20 rpm using 8051.

7. Write an ALP to check whether a given number is odd or even.

8. Write an ALP in 8051 to find the sum of factorials up to a number inputted through

port 1 and display the output through port 2. (Hint: 1! + 2! +...+ n!)

9. Write an ALP in 8086 to multiply two numbers using repeated addition.

10. Write an ALP to implement a traffic signalling system using 8051, delay 3 seconds.

a. [Signalling system should include pedestrian signals (WALK and Don’t

WALK)]

11. Write an ALP to find the sum of first ‘N’ natural numbers using 8086.

12. Write an ALP on 8051 to accept a block of data. If numbers in that block is divisible

by a number entered through port1 that number should be moved to a new block.

13. Write an ALP to find the sum of ‘N’ numbers using 8086.

14. Write an ALP in 8051 to accept a block of numbers .Count the no: of numbers

repeating.

15. Write an ALP to find factorial of a number using 8086.



12.

EC010 608

MINI PROJECT LAB




PROGRAMME: Electronics & Communication DEGREE: BTECH

COURSE: MINI PROJECT LAB SEMESTER:6 CREDITS: 2

COURSE CODE:EC010 608

REGULATION:2010

COURSE TYPE: CORE /ELECTIVE / BREADTH/ S&H

COURSE AREA/DOMAIN: Electronics & Communication CONTACT HOURS: 3 practical hours/Week.

CORRESPONDING LAB COURSE CODE (IF ANY): LAB COURSE NAME:

SYLLABUS:

UNIT DETAILS HOURS

1 555 applications 3

2 Light activated alarm circuit 3

3 Speed control of electric fan using TRIAC 3

4 Illumination control circuits 3

5 Touch control circuits 3

6 Sound operated circuits 3

7 Design, construction, and debugging of an electronic

system approved by the department

12

TOTAL HOURS 30



R Pulse, Digital and Switching waveforms by Milman and Taub



Circuit designing and debugging skill

Programming skill viz. C as well as Assembly level

Programming

PCB designing and soldering skill is good provided known.

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

1 To provide students with the opportunity to identify, design, construction, and debugging of an electronic system. Projects like intercom, SMPS, burglar alarm, UPS, inverter, voting machine, etc, can be chosen

2 To familiarize students with the standard schematic capture & PCB design software and in choosing,

buying and implementing in a circuit on a PCB.

COURSE OUTCOMES:

SNO DESCRIPTION PO

MAPPING

1 Ability to understand and use appropriate electronics components and their data

sheets

a,b,c,e,i,j,k

2 Ability to do presentations to an audience of students and teachers a,b,c,d,e,f,g,i,j,k

3 Ability to plan and work in a team d,g



ACTIONS

1 Hands on training program on PIC microcontroller Add on Course

2 LateX software based documentation


LECTURER/NPTEL ETC




1 Students learn to make reports in LaTeX

2 Students do self-learning of MATLAB, PIC programming and other tools as required by their project


1 http://www.electronicsforu.com

2 http://www.labcenter.com


☐| CHALK & TALK ☐| STUD. ASSIGNMENT ☐| WEB RESOURCES



☐| ASSIGNMENTS ☐ STUD. SEMINARS ☐| TESTS/MODEL EXAMS ☐| UNIV. EXAMINATION

☐| STUD. LAB PRACTICES ☐|STUD. VIVA ☐ MINI/MAJOR PROJECTS ☐ CERTIFICATIONS




ONCE)




by

(Faculty): Dr. Deepti Das Krishna

Mr. Sreekumar G. (HOD)



12.1. COURSE PLAN

Session Contents

1 Mini Project abstract presentation - Batch I

2 Mini Project abstract presentation - Batch II

3 Lab experiments 1, 2, 3 - Batch I

4 Lab experiments 1, 2, 3 - Batch II

5 Lab experiments 4,5,6 - Batch I

6 Lab experiments 4,5,6 - Batch II

7 Mini Project; Submission of fair record of expts. - Batch I

8 Mini Project; Submission of fair record of expts. - Batch II

9 Mini Project - Batch I

10 Mini Project - Batch II



13 Mini Project 50% output - Batch I

14 Mini Project 50% output - Batch II



17 Mini Project 80% output - Batch I

18 Mini Project 80% output - Batch II






22 Mini Project final demo - Batch II

23 Mini Project final demo - Batch I

24 Project Report submission - Batch II

25 Project Report submission - Batch I

Documents

emester VI, Course Hand-Out - Rajagiri School of Engineering & … Hand... · 2017. 2. 1. · electronic circuits, including microprocessor systems, for signal processing, communication,