Electrochemistry

Labcourse SS19

Institut für Chemische Technologie Anorganischer Stoffe

Univ. Prof. Dr. Achim Walter Hassel achimwalter.hassel@jku.at

Assist.-Prof. Dr. Cezarina Mardare cezarina.mardare@jku.at

Assoc.-Prof. Dr. Andrei Mardare andrei.mardare@jku.at

Dipl.-Chem. Dr. Jan Kollender jan.kollender@jku.at

Institut für Chemische Technologie Anorganischer Stoffe

M.Sc. Shaukat Ali Lone

M.Sc. Dominik Recktenwald

Student help – Florian Reiter

Karl Zelenka

General rules

Timetable

Period – 4 days – room T145

Monday – Thursday, 13:00 – 17:00 compulsory presence

at least once per semester, every semester

Check Paper Deadline!

Short questions before experiments

— twice failing results in lab failure

— only for one experiment one re-examination is allowed

Index Lab1 Lab2 Lab3 Lab4 Lab5LVA No. 317.004 317.005 317.006 317.011 317.012Dates 11-14.03 18-21.03 13-16.05 20-23.05 03-06.06Paper

Deadline01.04 08.04 03.06 12.06 24.06

each lab course can accommodate maximum 10 students (selected by KUSSS)

keys for the lockers (storing personal items) may be “rented” for 20 € (reimbursable)

there are 5 groups of 2 students chosen consecutively in the KUSSS selection order:

Gr.I = student with status 1 + student with status 2

Gr.II = student with status 3 + student with status 4

Gr.III = student with status 5 + student with status 6

Gr.IV = student with status 7 + student with status 8

Gr.V = student with status 9 + student with status 10

Monday Tuesday Wednesday ThursdayTime 13‐15 15‐17 13‐15 15‐17 13‐15 15‐17 13‐17

Exp. No

1 Gr.I Gr.II Gr.III GrI.V Gr.V Clean2 Gr.II Gr.III Gr.IV Buffer Gr.V Gr.I Re‐Examination3 Gr.III Gr.IV Gr.V time Gr.I Gr.II Recycle4 Gr.IV Gr.V Gr.I Gr.II Gr.III Reserve5 Gr.V Gr.I Gr.II Gr.III Gr.IV Feedback

pay attention to the inventory list and inform if something is missing

cleaning is performed in a logical order:

Gr.I cleans Exp. No. 1

Gr.II cleans Exp. No. 2

etc.

Experimental work

1) Reference electrodes

— C.C. Mardare

2) The electrochemical series: Concentration chain

— D. Recktenwald

3) Charge transport in electrolyte solutions: Electrolyte conductivity

— A.I. Mardare

4) Potentiometric pH measurements: Glass electrode

— J.P. Kollender

5) Redox titration: Cerimetry

— S.A. Lone

exchanging places between Lab1-5 is possible only for student pairs (self-organized)

by personally coming together to our secretariat – deadline is 06.03.2019 at 12:00

when exchanging places, present to secretariat a sheet of paper containing the student

information and lab courses like this:

LVA 317.004 LVA 317.011

A.I. Mardare A.W. Hassel

K010101010 K020202020

move to

Access to other Labs is strictly forbidden (Lab tour available by request)

You must use the Safety Presence List - Always check the Info board!

missing only one lab day with good reason (e.g. health) is possible (except illogical

scenarios)

missing more than one day results in course break-off

Clean your workspace on a daily basis, don’t invade neighboring spaces

Removing items from the lab is strictly forbidden

Only use the recipients and hardware designed for your experiment

everything must be stored under the table at the designated workplace

In case of misbehaving, you may be asked to leave the lab – pay attention to instructions

If you don’t know how to use a device, you must ask!

Glassware must always be labeled with: Student name, Date, Chemical name

Dispose of your chemicals at the end of the Praktikum at latest

Always clean the balance after use (brush)

Scientific report

All protocols will be submitted electronically in

.doc and .pdf format BEFORE the deadline

The electron is a subatomic particle carrying a negative electric charge. It has no known components or substructure. Therefore, the electron is generally believed to be an elementary particle.[2] An electron has a mass that is approximately 1/1836 that of the proton.[9] The intrinsic angular momentum (spin) of the electron is a half-integer value in units of ħ, which means that it is a fermion. The antiparticle of the electron is called the positron. The positron is identical to the electron except that it carries electrical and other charges of the opposite sign. When an electron collides with a positron, both particles may either scatter off each other or be totally annihilated, producing a pair (or more) of gamma ray photons. Electrons, which belong to the first generation of the lepton particle family,[10] participate in gravitational, electromagnetic and weak interactions.[11] Electrons, like all matter, have quantum mechanical properties of both particles and waves, so they can collide with other particles and be diffracted like light. However, this duality is best demonstrated in experiments with electrons, due to their tiny mass. Since an electron is a fermion, no two electrons can occupy the same quantum state, in accordance with the Pauli exclusion principle.[10]

A part from my Introduction (written by myself, of course):

Please, be aware: We are always collecting all the old Protocols

We can use the Internet as easy as you do

We will get the same search results on Google as you do

Have you ever heard about anti-Plagiarism software? We have!

Plagiarism will not be tolerated!

Abschreiben wird nicht toleriert!

Personal evaluation

19

Grades: min 0%, max 100%

Protocol/Paper

Scientific content

Personal interviews during entire Lab course

- be prepared before starting an experiment

- misbehaving during an experiment may lead to failure

- 2 times oral examination failure = total failure

Various theoretical aspects

50 %

50 %

Weight for the final grade

Percentage Grade

<= 50 5

50.01 – 62.5 4

62.51 – 75 3

75.01 – 87.5 2

87.51 – 100 1

Plagiarism – Plagiate = 0%A minimum of 50.01% is required at every activity!

Safety regulations

Read carefully the “Laborordnung” (German

only), print it, sign the document and present

it in the first lab day for access in the lab!

Always use protective glasses

Wear your lab coat for protecting your clothes

Avoid using sandals or shoes which exposes the leg

Try to have your body covered as much as possible

If you have long hair, have it always bound together

Eating or drinking is not allowed inside the institute

Everybody agrees to the Presence disclosure?

Lab Group VORNAME NACHNAME STATUS Date

1

IThomas Schiefer 0

11‐14.03

Gülsen Büyükdemirci 0

IISarah Dornetshuber 0Maria Wolfsgruber 0

IIIMagdalena Fidler 0Daniel Danner 0

IVLisa Christina Öttl 0Laura Androsch 0

VDavid Haslinger 0Laura Holzinger W1

Lab Group VORNAME NACHNAME STATUS Date

2

IMerima Osmanovic W2

18‐21.03

Christian Heizinger W3

IIKamilla Himpli W4Katharina Reisz W5

IIIEvelyn Kwarko W6Anna Christina Pfeifer W7

IVSaskia Dollberger W8Elisabeth Leeb W9

VStefan Pöllner W10David Josef Naderer W11

Lab Group VORNAME NACHNAME STATUS Date

3

IVanessa Ikic W12

13‐16.05

Edith Blaimschein W13

IIHannah Rabl W14Peter Prka W15

IIIPhilipp Woisetschläger W16Andreas Greul W17

IVPaul Stehrer W18Laura Lienbacher W19

VAdrian Tizian Theil W20Magdalena Piringer W21

Lab Group VORNAME NACHNAME STATUS Date

4

IMaximilian Hochrainer W22

20‐23.05

Tanja Hengstschläger W23

IIAlina Spindler W24Seval Büyükkal W25

IIIGeorg Dobringer W26Dominik Weber W27

IVHannes Mitter W28Theresa Jungwirth W29

VNadine Kleinbruckner W30Samuel Redl W31

Lab Group VORNAME NACHNAME STATUS Date

5

ISarah Schwarz W32

03‐06.06

Florian Smrzka W33

IIJohn Samo W34Christoph Standfest W35

IIIAndreas Miesenberger W36Berfin Demirdögen W37

IV Julian PrömerHannes Schausberger

VClemens HabermaierSarah Haneschläger

Thank you!

A few suggestions on how to prepare decent graphs and figures

Colors

-3.76566E-10

1.23434E-10

6.23434E-10

1.12343E-09

1.62343E-09

2.12343E-09

2.62343E-09

3.12343E-09

3.62343E-09

4.12343E-09

4.62343E-09

5.12343E-09

5.62343E-09

6.12343E-09

6.62343E-09

7.12343E-09

7.62343E-09

8.12343E-09

8.62343E-09

9.12343E-09

100 450 800

l [µm]

I [A

]

pH 1 pH 2 pH 3 pH 5 pH 4

Background

-3.76566E-10

1.23434E-10

6.23434E-10

1.12343E-09

1.62343E-09

2.12343E-09

2.62343E-09

3.12343E-09

3.62343E-09

4.12343E-09

4.62343E-09

5.12343E-09

5.62343E-09

6.12343E-09

6.62343E-09

7.12343E-09

7.62343E-09

8.12343E-09

8.62343E-09

9.12343E-09

100 450 800

l [µm]

I [A

]

pH 1 pH 2 pH 3 pH 5 pH 4

Thickness of Lines and Dots

-3.76566E-10

1.23434E-10

6.23434E-10

1.12343E-09

1.62343E-09

2.12343E-09

2.62343E-09

3.12343E-09

3.62343E-09

4.12343E-09

4.62343E-09

5.12343E-09

5.62343E-09

6.12343E-09

6.62343E-09

7.12343E-09

7.62343E-09

8.12343E-09

8.62343E-09

9.12343E-09

100 450 800

l [µm]

I [A

]

pH 1 pH 2 pH 3 pH 5 pH 4

Number of Ticks

-3.76566E-10

1.23434E-10

6.23434E-10

1.12343E-09

1.62343E-09

2.12343E-09

2.62343E-09

3.12343E-09

3.62343E-09

4.12343E-09

4.62343E-09

5.12343E-09

5.62343E-09

6.12343E-09

6.62343E-09

7.12343E-09

7.62343E-09

8.12343E-09

8.62343E-09

9.12343E-09

100 450 800

l [µm]

I [A

]

pH 1 pH 2 pH 3 pH 5 pH 4

Scales

-3.76566E-10

1.23434E-10

6.23434E-10

1.12343E-09

1.62343E-09

2.12343E-09

2.62343E-09

3.12343E-09

3.62343E-09

4.12343E-09

4.62343E-09

5.12343E-09

5.62343E-09

6.12343E-09

6.62343E-09

7.12343E-09

7.62343E-09

8.12343E-09

8.62343E-09

9.12343E-09

100 450 800

l [µm]

I [A

]

pH 1 pH 2 pH 3 pH 5 pH 4

Numbers

-8.76566E-10

1.23434E-10

1.12343E-09

2.12343E-09

3.12343E-09

4.12343E-09

5.12343E-09

6.12343E-09

7.12343E-09

8.12343E-09

9.12343E-09

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

l [µm]

I [A

]

pH 1 pH 2 pH 3 pH 5 pH 4

Numbers (…continued)

0.00000E+00

1.00000E-09

2.00000E-09

3.00000E-09

4.00000E-09

5.00000E-09

6.00000E-09

7.00000E-09

8.00000E-09

9.00000E-09

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

l [µm]

I [A

]

pH 1 pH 2 pH 3 pH 5 pH 4

Numbers…

0.0E+00

1.0E-09

2.0E-09

3.0E-09

4.0E-09

5.0E-09

6.0E-09

7.0E-09

8.0E-09

9.0E-09

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

l [µm]

I [A

]

pH 1 pH 2 pH 3 pH 5 pH 4

… more about numbers…

0

0.000000001

0.000000002

0.000000003

0.000000004

0.000000005

0.000000006

0.000000007

0.000000008

0.000000009

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

l [µm]

I [A

]

pH 1 pH 2 pH 3 pH 5 pH 4

Font size

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

l [µm]

I [nA

]

pH 1 pH 2 pH 3 pH 5 pH 4

Font size and Labels

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800l [µm]

I [nA

]

pH 1 pH 2 pH 3 pH 5 pH 4

Labels

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

l [µm]

I [nA

]

pH 1 pH 2 pH 3 pH 5 pH 4

Legend

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800l / µm

I / n

A

pH 1 pH 2 pH 3 pH 5 pH 4

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800l / µm

I / n

ApH 1

pH 2

pH 3

pH 5

pH 4

nice!

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

l / µm

I / n

A

pH 1

pH 2

pH 5

pH 4

pH 3

…more about numbers and scales

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5

0.00 1.57 3.14 4.71 6.28 7.85 9.42 11.00 12.57 14.14 15.71

/ °

U /

I

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5

0 1/2 1 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 3 3 1/2 4 4 1/2 5

/ °

U /

V

0 21 2

3 252 3 2

7 4 27 5

…better

??

0

1000000

2000000

3000000

4000000

5000000

6000000

7000000

0 20 40 60

t / s

i / A

cm-2

i = t2

i = log t

i = 2t

i = t4

0100020003000400050006000700080009000

10000

0 10 20 30 40 50

t / s

i / A

cm-2

and more on scales…

i = t4

i = t2

i = log t

i = 2t

logarithmic scale

1.0E-01

1.0E+00

1.0E+01

1.0E+02

1.0E+03

1.0E+04

1.0E+05

1.0E+06

1.0E+07

0 20 40 60

t / s

i / A

cm-2

i = t4

i = t2

i = log t

i = 2t

1.0E-01

1.0E+00

1.0E+01

1.0E+02

1.0E+03

1.0E+04

1.0E+05

1.0E+06

1.0E+07

1 10 100

t / s

i / A

cm-2

i = t4

i = t2

i = log t

i = 2t

double logarithmic plot

-1

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

0 0.5 1 1.5 2

log (t / s)

log

(i /

Acm

-2) i = t4

i = t2

i = log t

i = 2t

double logarithmic plot