Electricity Supply Application Handbook

7/21/2019 Electricity Supply Application Handbook

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1TENAGANASIONAL B E R H A D

VisionTo be among the leading corporations

in energy and related businesses globally

Mission

We are committed to excellencein our products and services

Shared values

Our shared values provide us witha principle that will shape our

business ethics and operations

q Customer rstq Business excellenceq Integrityq Caring


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2 TENAGANASIONAL B E R H A D

Acknowledgement

Tenaga Nasional Berhad would like to acknowledge those that haveactively contributed towards this effort in revisiting the TNBs Supply

Application Handbook initially launched in 2001.

In our endeavor to provide more effective and efficient service to ourcustomers, your inputs have been of tremendous help to us to furtherimprove and add more substance to the initial First Edition.

Special thanks to Federation of Malaysia Consumers Association(FOMCA), Federation of Malaysian Manufacturers (FMM), Association ofConsulting Engineers of Malaysia (ACEM), The Electrical and Electronics

Association of Malaysia (TEEAM), Real Estate and Housing Developers Association (REHDA) and Jabatan Kerja Raya (JKR) for their writtencomments and all others that have contributed in more ways than one tothe publication of the 2nd Edition of the Supply Application Handbook.


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CONTENTS

SUPPLY APPLICATION1.0 Tenaga Nasional Berhad Electricity System ........................................................................52.0 Supply Application for Load up to 100kVA ......................................................................12......................................................................12 23.0 Supply Application for Load Exceeding 100kVA .............................................................14.............................................................14 144.0 Application Process for Streetlight ....................................................................................20

CONNECTION GUIDELINES1.0 Planning for Connection ....................................................................................................222.0 Planning and Design Criteria .............................................................................................293.0 Demand Estimation ...........................................................................................................424.0 Supply Schemes .................................................................................................................44

METERING GUIDELINES1.0 General ............................................................................................................................ 51

2.0 Single Phase Metering .......................................................................................................513.0 Three Phase Whole Current Metering ...............................................................................544.0 Group Metering For Whole Current Metering ..................................................................555.0 LVCT Metering ..................................................................................................................566.0 Medium and High Voltage Metering .................................................................................58

GLOSSARY AND DEFINITIONS ...........................................................................................63

APPENDIX .................................................................................................................................69


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CONTENTS

1.0 TENAGA NASIONAL BERHAD ELECTRICITY SYSTEM .......................................5 51.1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................51.2 Distribution Division ...........................................................................................................51.3 Kedai Tenaga .......................................................................................................................61.4 Voltages ...............................................................................................................................71.5 Supply Frequency ................................................................................................................71.6 Earthing System ...................................................................................................................71.7 Short Circuit Ratings ...........................................................................................................71.8 Act, Regulation and Code ....................................................................................................81.9 Supply Voltage Options .......................................................................................................81.10 Types of Supply Application ...............................................................................................91.11 Consumer Standby Supply ..................................................................................................9..................................................................................................9 91.12 Alternative Source of Supply ..............................................................................................9..............................................................................................9 91.13 Provision of Temporary Supply ........................................................................................10........................................................................................10 101.14 Single Tenant Premise .......................................................................................................10.......................................................................................................10 101.15 Multi Tenanted Premises ...................................................................................................10...................................................................................................10 101.16 Turnkey Projects ...............................................................................................................10...............................................................................................................10...............................................................................................................101.17 Connection Charges...........................................................................................................101.18 Tariff ..................................................................................................................................11..................................................................................................................................11..................................................................................................................................111.19 Request for Additional or Special Features .......................................................................11.......................................................................11.......................................................................111.20 Service Level Agreement (SLA) .......................................................................................11.......................................................................................11.......................................................................................11

2.0 SUPPLY APPLICATION FOR LOAD UP TO 100kVA ...........................................12...........................................12122.1 Purpose ..............................................................................................................................12..............................................................................................................................12..............................................................................................................................122.2 What the Applicant Should Do ..........................................................................................12..........................................................................................12..........................................................................................122.3 What the Electrical Contractor Should Do ........................................................................12........................................................................12........................................................................122.4 TNB Supply Lead Time ....................................................................................................13....................................................................................................13....................................................................................................132.5 Dispute Between Applicant and Electrical Contractor ......................................................13......................................................13......................................................13

3.0 SUPPLY APPLICATION FOR LOAD EXCEEDING 100kVA ..............................143.1 Purpose ..............................................................................................................................14..............................................................................................................................14 143.2 Application Process ...........................................................................................................14...........................................................................................................14 143.3 Application Parts ...............................................................................................................14...............................................................................................................14 14

Part A : Authorities Approval Process .............................................................................14.............................................................................14 14 Part B : TNB Technical & Financial Approval Process ...................................................15...................................................15 153.4 What The Applicant Should Do ........................................................................................16........................................................................................16 163.5 Supply Project Lead Time .................................................................................................17.................................................................................................17 173.6 What The Electrical Consultant Engineer Should Do .......................................................18.......................................................18 183.7 Dispute Between Applicant and Electrical Consultant Engineer ......................................19......................................1919

4.0 APPLICATION PROCESS FOR STREETLIGHT ....................................................204.1 Purpose ..............................................................................................................................20..............................................................................................................................20 204.2 Types of Applications ........................................................................................................20........................................................................................................20 204.3 Application by Developer ..................................................................................................20..................................................................................................20 20

4.4 Application by Individuals/ Local Authority/Government Authority .............................................................. 20


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Area States

Region 1 Selangor, Wilayah Persekutuan, Putrajaya/Cyberjaya, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka and Johor

Region 2 Perlis, Kedah, Pulau Pinang, Perak,Pahang, Terengganu and Kelantan

1.0 TENAGA NASIONAL BERHAD ELECTRICITY SYSTEM

1.1 Introduction

The Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB), a public listed company registered under Companies Act 1965, is chargedwith the following responsibilities

To generate, transmit, distribute and sell energy to consumer throughout Peninsular Malaysia.

To plan, install, operate and maintain electricity installation for the generation, transmission and distributionof electricity.

To achieve the above objectives, the company owns and operate power plants and the National Grid, andinstalled for this purpose, consumer service centres, call management centres, substations and administrativeof ces throughout Peninsular Malaysia. TNBs core activities are in generation, transmission and distributionof electricity which are being handled by 3 Divisions :

Generation Division Transmission Division Distribution Division

1.2 Distribution Division

Distribution Division supplies electricity in strict accordance with the provisions of the Electricity Supply Act

1990, the Licensee Supply Regulations 1990 and the Electricity Regulations 1994 (and all amendments thereto).Distribution Division is divided into 2 main regional operational areas where operational ef ciency is furtherenhanced through the creation of 2 main regional areas, headed by the respective Senior General Managerswhich covers :

The States are comprised of main jurisdiction areas under the care of Area Managers. Some areas have smaller jurisdiction areas and are managed by Branch Managers. All district of ces (areas and branches) have one ormore Kedai Tenaga under their jurisdiction.

Kedai Tenaga provides functions pertaining to Application for Supply, Billing & Collection, Upgrading ofServices and other consumer related activities.

The technical aspects of the operations of the areas include planning, designing, construction, and systemoperation and maintenance that delivers supply to the Consumer.

The support departments at the headquarters include Finance, Engineering, Human Resource Management,

Materials Resource Management, Strategic Management and Organisational Development and ConsumerServices and Marketing.


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1.3 Kedai Tenaga

Kedai Tenaga is TNBs Service and Advisory Centre. It provides TNBs consumers with Consumer Serviceand Elektrik Bestari, TNBs rst branded service that provides electricity advisory service for the home. Thereare 145 Kedai Tenaga centres throughout Peninsular Malaysia at your service. Please refer to Appendix 1 forcomplete information on Kedai Tenaga centres throughout Peninsular Malaysia. This list is subject to changesand may be reviewed from time to time.

Kedai Tenaga is where TNB as a caring and friendly utility touches base with its consumers. At Kedai Tenaga,you may experience directly our value-added services which we have specially made available to you, ourvalued consumers. Services provided at Kedai Tenaga include:

a) One stop payment counter for all electricity and other utility bills. Come and meet our friendly personnel who will handle all your utility bills transactions.

Payment can be made by cash, cheque or credit card. You can also make arrangements to have your electricity bills paid through banks orATM cards.

TNB, being a caring company, is always concerned about elderly and handicapped consumerswho have genuine problems in settling their bills due to nancial dif culties. TNB is aware ofthe dif culties encountered and special arrangements can be made for easy payment schemesfor this group of people.

b) Electricity supply application At Kedai Tenaga, we offer you advice on all matters pertaining to your supply application. For wiring purposes in your house, you may choose from a varied selection of contractors

from our directory of registered electrical contractors. This directory enables you to select acontractor who is base close to your home. It ensures further ef ciency and convenience.

We help you to nd out the requirements for supply application in your home.

c) Inquiries pertaining to billing and others. Come and visit us to discuss or obtain further clari cation on any billing inquiries that you

have. Our front line staff will be happy to help you in resolving any problems you might havewith these inquiries.

d) TNB also offers the following services to its valued consumers: Appointments to have the meter read in case the premises are locked during working hours. Meter change if consumers suspect that the meter is faulty. If a consumer feels that the meter is

not recording accurately, a written application should be submitted to have the meter tested. Afee of RM5 will be charged. However, if upon testing the meter it is found that the inaccuracyis more than 3%, the meter will be replaced and the testing fee of RM5 will be refunded.

Reconnection of supply to consumers premises if the supply is disconnected due to change oftenancy (if the premises have been vacant for more than 2 months) or nonpayment bill. Fordisconnection due to nonpayment of electricity bills, outstanding balances need to be paid

before electricity supply can be reconnected. Disconnection of supply if there is a change of tenancy.


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e) Elektrik Bestari

TNB provides electricity advisory for the home. Our Kedai Tenaga has an Elektrik Bestari corner which providesconsumers with basic information on energy ef ciency, safety and related topics. For enquiries on electricityadvisory, consumers may enquire at any nearest Kedai Tenaga.

1.4 Voltages

The transmission voltage networks are 500kV, 275kV and 132kV, whilst the distribution voltages are 33kV,11kV and 415/240 Volts. However, in the case of certain parts of Johor & Perak the distribution voltages mayalso include 22kV and 6.6kV.

1.5 Supply Frequency

The supply frequency is 50Hz 1%.

1.6 Earthing System

High Voltage and Extra High Voltage

3 phase con guration solidly earthed or impedance earthed

overhead lines and underground cable are used extensively for high and extra high voltage distribution

Low Voltage 415/240V

3 phase 4 wire system neutral point solidly earthed mixture of overhead lines, underground cables and aerial insulated cables mixture of overhead lines, underground cables and aerial insulated cables

1.7 Short Circuit Ratings

As a guide, the maximum fault levels for the various voltage systems are as follows. All equipment proposed to be installed and connected to TNB supply must comply with the stated short circuit ratings:

System Short circuit rating for 3si. 500kV 50 kAii. 275kV 40 kAiii. 132kV 31.5 kAiv. 66kV 20 kAv. 33kV 25 kAvi. 22kV 20 kAvii. 11kV 20 kA

viii. 6.6kV 20 kAix. 415/240 V 31.5 kA


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1.8 Act, Regulation and Code

The electricity supply and installation practice in Peninsular Malaysia are governed by the following :-

1.9 Supply Voltage Options

Supply may be provided at any of the declared voltages :-

275 kV, 132kV, 33kV, 22 kV*, 11kV, 6.6 kV* and 415/240V. Generally, supplies to domestic premises aregiven at single phase 2-wire or three phase 4-wire. However, the actual supply voltage provided depends on themagnitude of the individual applicants load requirements :-

Low Voltage

i. Single-phase, two-wire, 240V, up to 12 kVA maximum demand

ii. Three-phase, four-wire, 415V, up to 45 kVA maximum demand

iii. Three-phase, four-wire, C.T. metered, 415V, up to 1,000 kVA maximum demand

Medium Voltage & High Voltage

i. Three-phase, three-wire and 11kV for load of 1,000 kVA maximum demand and above

ii. Three-phase, three-wire, 22kV or 33kV for load of 5,000 kVA maximum demand and above

iii. Three-phase, three-wire, 66kV, 132kV and 275kV for exceptionally large load of above 25 MVA maximum

demand

It should be noted that voltages other than the above classi cations couldnt be provided by TNB. However,consumers can make their own transformation arrangements where necessary.

System for certain parts of Johor and Perak only.

1 Electricity Supply Act 1990 Act 4472 Licensee Supply Regulations 19903 Electricity Regulations, 19944 Occupational, Safety & Health Act 19945 Malaysian Standard MS IEC 60364 Electrical Installation of Buildings


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1.10 Types Of Supply Application

All new applications and upgrade of supply requirement can be classi ed into three (3) types of supplyapplications.

1) Supply Application For Load Up To 100kVA

Supply usually from existing supply mains Submission of applications to TNB by Electrical Contractor registered with the Energy Commission Connection of supply may take a maximum of 3 weeks upon approval from the local authorities

2) Supply Application For Load Exceeding 100kVA

Supply may require establishment of new substation/substations Submission of applications to TNB by Consultant Engineer Connection of supply may take a minimum of 6 months depending on the extent of electrical infrastructure

required and approval from the local authorities

3) Supply Application For Streetlight

Application made by the local authority/government department Application by developer Application by individual

For any supply involving co-generating, a separate licence need to be obtained from the relevant governingauthority.

1.11 Consumers Standby Supply

Standby generator(s) may be used by the applicant at their premises, subject to compliance with the relevantlaws. The generators shall remain a separate system from TNB distribution system and the applicant shall

declare to TNB on the safe installation of the generator(s). This may be used in place of TNBs supply source through a suitable, approved changeover facility underemergency conditions. The Energy Commission and other relevant authorities govern the generators and standbysupply.

1.12 Alternative Source of Supply

A large consumer may require an alternative source of supply. TNB will provide such alternative supply at anadditional cost.


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1.13 Provision Of Temporary Supply

Temporary supply can be installed for a period of 6 months. Supply is intended for purposes of electric supply fortemporary work site, festivals and celebrations. The applicant shall provide a suitable corridor for installation ofsupply mains and site for metering point. The meter will be installed at a meter board provided by the applicant.The Electrical Contractor shall test the installation.

If the requirement exceeds 6 months, the approval shall be subject to availability of supply

Application for temporary supply shall be separately submitted, stating the load requirements. The applicantwill be charged full cost and according to the appropriate tariff plus an additional 33% surcharge on the totalmonthly bill.

1.14 Single Tenant Premises

If the supply is for a single tenant only (the owner, the developer or the landlord) then the entire supply will be metered at the applicants incoming switchboard. The consumption will be charged at the appropriate tariffrates.

1.15 Multi Tenanted Premises

If the supply is for multi tenanted premises where part of the supply is intended for the owner, developer orlandlord, and the rest for the tenants in the building, the landlords supply and each of the tenants supplies will

be separately metered and billed by TNB.

The owner, developer, or landlord shall provide, own, maintain and repair at his own expense the electricalsystems in the buildings including adequate and necessary rising and lateral mains. The design, installation andoperating of such electrical systems shall comply with requirements of all the relevant authorities including theEnergy Commissions and TNBs.

1.16 Turnkey Projects

In certain cases, the applicant may apply to undertake the planning and installation of the electrical systems(including overhead lines, switchgears, cables, based on TNBs speci cations and requirements) with theassistance of Electrical Consultant Engineer(s) and Electrical Contractor(s). Under the turnkey concept theapplicant will then hand over the entire electrical system to TNB. A separate discussion on this will have to beconducted with TNB.

1.17 Connection Charges

Please refer to the Statement of Connection Charges booklet available at the Kedai Tenaga. The booklet issubjected to change as may be published from time to time.


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1.18 Tariff

Please refer to the Tariff booklet available at the Kedai Tenaga. Tariffs are subjected to change as may be published from time to time and approved by the Minister of Energy, Water and Telecommunication

1.19 Request For Additional Or Special Features

Any request for additional or special features eg special request for an additional feeder by applicant, theapplicant will have to pay the full cost of the additional request.

1.20 Service Level Agreement (SLA)

Offer is open to all housing developers to enter into a Service Level Agreement (SLA) with TNB when applyingfor electricity supply for housing development (as prescribed under the Housing Development (Control andLicensing) Act 1966). The scope of the SLA includes the time frame process for connection of supply and theduties and obligation by TNB and housing developers in ensuring the electricity supply is connected to thehousing projects within the stipulated time to avoid delays in handing over houses to the purchaser.

Please refer to the Kedai Tenaga for details on the SLA.


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2.0 SUPPLY APPLICATION FOR LOAD UP TO 100kVA

2.1 Purpose

The application for the supply of electricity with load up to 100kVA which is for a 3 phase low voltage systemis outlined here.

2.2 What The Applicant Should Do

The applicant should take the following steps to apply for supply of electricity up to 100kVA for a 3-phaselow voltage system.

2.3 What The Electrical Contractor Should Do

The Electrical Contractor appointed by the applicant should take the following action:

Steps Action Reference

1Appoint an Electrical Contractor who is registered with The EnergyCommission, who will act on their behalf and submit the application for theapplicant using the Supply Application Form available at Kedai Tenaga.

The Electrical Contractor must beregistered with the Energy Commission

2 Settle connection charges billed by TNB through the Electrical Contractor

Statement of Connection Charges booklet available at any Kedai Tenaga

3

After completion of TNBs work (before installation of meter), theapplicant shall: Deposit a sum of money equivalent to 2 months bill or as reviewed from

time to time. For deposit of more than RM2,000, the applicant can settleeither in cash or Bankers Guarantee

Sign electricity supply contract with TNB through the appointed Electrical Contractor

Tariff booklet available at the nearestKedai Tenaga


1 Submit application for the applicant using the Supply Application Formavailable at Kedai Tenaga.

All documents in checklist must be completed, duly endorsed by the

appropriate competent person(s) of the appropriate category and attachedwith the application.

Appendix 3

2 After TNB has : validated compliance to checklist conducted analysis of supply connection reviewed connection charges and issue bill to contractor

The applicant shall settle connection charges to TNB.

Statement of ConnectionCharges Booklet available

at any Kedai Tenaga

3 After TNB has implemented work on site, the Electrical Contractor shall: Submit G and H form certifying the internal installations

have been tested Arrange for applicant to sign supply contract with TNB Arrange appointment for meter installation with TNB

Tariff Booklet available at nearestKedai Tenaga

12


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2.4 TNB Supply Lead Time

The owchart for the application process is as outlined in Appendix 2 . TNB supply lead-time will take up to 3weeks depending on the approval from the local authorities.

2.5 Dispute Between Applicant And The Electrical Contractor

In the event of a dispute between the applicant and the Electrical Contractor and the applicant wishes to terminatethe services of the Electrical Contractor, the applicant shall duly notify the Electrical Contractor concerned inwriting with the copy extended to TNB. TNB shall not be a party to any dispute or litigation arising thereof.


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3.0 SUPPLY APPLICATION FOR LOAD EXCEEDING 100kVA

3.1 Purpose

To explain the process for supply application with load exceeding 100kVA.

3.2 Application Process

The application process incorporates not only TNB requirements but taking into account the GovernmentDevelopment Plan Approval Process in Peninsular Malaysia (except Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur andPutrajaya) issued by the Bahagian Perancangan Dasar & Pembangunan Kementerian Perumahan dan Kerajaan

Tempatan: 2002 Edition.

The inclusion of the said Government procedure shall ensure :

Infrastructure planning and approval process of the TNB complements the National Policy TNB as a member Agency of the Government Development Plan Committee has to ensure complete

transparency of its process through timely responses to Development Plan Approval Process TNB Supply Application Process ensures complete agreement of Distribution Divisions plans and the

Consultant Engineers submissions especially on the location and size of substations needed for the supplyof electricity to the development area, and is valid for 2 years after the approval from the Jabatan PerancangBandar & Desa (JPBD).

3.3 Application Parts

There are two parts to the application :

Part Function Reference

A Requirement of Approval from the Governments Development Plan Approval Process Appendix 4 & 5

B TNB Application Requirement after completion of Part A Appendix 7

Stage Description

1 Submit Development Plan

The Consultant Engineer submits development plan application for the proposed development to JPBD.All plans must be prepared by a licensed surveyor.The comments from all relevant technical agencies including TNB are required prior to approval by JPBD.

PART A : Authorities Approval Process

The part A process approval that involves TNBs technical comments is as shown in Development Plan ApprovalProcess in Appendix 4 & 5. At each application process, TNB requires a processing time of up to 10 days tocomplete the comments for Jabatan Perancang Bandar & Desa (JPBD). The main process can be summarisedas follows :


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PART B : TNB Technical & Financial Approval Process

Part B process is the TNB Application Process for Electricity Supply above 100 KVA as outlined in Appendix7. The process starts after the completion of Part A (Authorities Approval Process). The Process in Part B can

be summarised as follows:

Stage Description

2 TNB Register Application

The Consultant Engineer/JPBD submits application to TNB complete with required details as in Checklistin Appendix 6. TNB will:

Acknowledge receipt and gives a le number, which is used as reference in any dealings with TNB.

Study the proposal. Match the existing system network and determine method of supply.

3 Mutual Understanding Of Plan

Both TNB and Consultant Engineer will conduct discussion to agree to technical requirement such assubstation number, size, location, site and consumers main switch room.

In case of a dispute on TNB proposal, the Consultant Engineer shall refer to the relevant State GeneralManagers. A discussion shall be arranged by the relevant State General Managers to arrive at an agreement.

4 TNB Submit Comments to JPBD

TNB submit to JPBD the proposed development plans including all technical comments using TNB of cialstamp as required by JPBD.JPB approves the proposed development plan. The validity is subjected to:- con rmation of layout details and precomputation plans- no changes in development- 2 years extension

5 TNB Application for Electricity Supply above 100KVA process starts(Part B)

Stage Description

1 Submit Application

The Electrical Consultant Engineer submits application for the Electricity Supply to the nearest KedaiTenaga. Complete details as in Appendix 6 must be submitted with the application.

TNB will issue an acknowledgement letter to the Electrical Consultant Engineer as in Appendix 8 using thesame le reference given during Part A (Authorities Approval Process).

2 Documentation Check And System Study

TNB will advise on the necessary amendment to the consultant by telephone or letter. The ElectricalConsultant Engineer is to ensure that all the amendments are done and resubmitted to TNB.


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Stage Description

3 Joint Meeting

TNB will restudy the amendments and arrange for a joint meeting with the Electrical Consultant Engineer Electrical Consultant Engineer Consultant Engineerfor nal acceptance of the technical requirements. Activities of both parties will be recorded in the JointMeeting Action Log as in Appendix 9.

4 Connection Charges

TNB will issue a Notice of Connection Charges to the Electrical Consultant Engineer as per Appendix 10.

5 Electricity Infrastructure Agreement (Optional)

The applicant may decide to enter into an Electricity Infrastructure Agreement with TNB with regard toTNB scope of work, charges and timely connection.

6 Discussion And Preparation Of Site Work

After payment of connection charges, the Electrical Consultant Engineer will arrange for pre start workdiscussion and site and substation building hand over.

7 Construction Completion And Substation Energising

TNB will manage the construction work and is responsible for the commissioning of substations. The Theenergising of supply by TNB will normally be done at the same time as the installation of the meters. For

HV supply, the supply shall be energised in the presence of the Electrical Consultant Engineer and for LVElectrical Consultant Engineer and for LVConsultant Engineer and for LVconsumers in the presence of the Electrical Contractor.

8 Supply Application By The Electrical Contractor

The Consultant Engineer advises the Electrical Contractor to submit supply application for load requirementup to 100kVA, normally for individual applicant. The process is the same as outlined in Section 2.


1 Appoint one (1) Electrical Consultant Engineer for each supply application

Submit an appointment letter of the Electrical Consultant Engineer allowing himto act on behalf of the applicant to TNB.

Appendix 11

3.4 What The Applicant Should Do

The applicant should take the following action in applying for supply application for load exceeding

100KVA.


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2 After approval from JPBD and TNB completion of work plan, the applicant settlesconnection charges to TNB at any Kedai Tenaga.

The applicant may decide to enter into an Electricity Infrastructure Agreement withTNB with regard to TNB scope of work, charges and timely connection.

Statement ofConnection ChargesBooklet available at

Kedai Tenaga

3 Provide the substation(s) land and building(s) to TNB by:- Leasing the substation land at a nominal value of RM10.00 to TNB, or - Transfer the substation land at a nominal value of RM10.00 to TNB

The Certi cate of Fitness of the substation building/compartment shall behanded to the TNB.

The transfer of the land title should be nalised prior to the handing over of site.In the absence of the land title, the applicant is to prepare a Bank Guarantee forTNB for the period of twelve (12) months and shall be renewed until the land title istransferred to TNB or registration of lease to TNB

Delay in title transfer may affect project implementation. TNB have the right to usethe substation to supply electricity to other consumers.

Statement ofConnection charges

booklet available atKedai Tenaga

4 Applicants are required to:

Deposit a sum of money equivalent to 2 months bill or as reviewed from time totime. For deposit of more than RM 2,000, the applicant can settle either in cashor Bankers Guarantee.

Sign electricity supply contract with TNB through the appointed ElectricalContractor.

3.5 Supply Project Lead Time

The lead-time for supply connection depends on a number of factors including the type of premises, the electricalload required and the location of the premises and approval of the local authorities.

Applicants should submit their applications for supply as early as possible giving the necessary information oftheir requirements to the nearest Kedai Tenaga. They must also inform TNB of the progress of their project(s).The above measures are necessary to ensure that TNBs supply projects are coordinated with the constructionand wiring installation at the applicants premises, and thus avoid any delay in connection of supply. The typicalsupply project lead time required by TNB is as follows:


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Requirement Supply Project Typical Lead Time

132 kV and above 3 years 5 years33 kV 18 months - 2 years11 kV 6 months 12 months

415 V and below Less than 6 months

Steps Action

1 Submits application for the proposed development to JPB and TNB

All plans must be prepared by a Licensed Surveyor

Liaise with TNB to come up with a mutual understanding of plan and to get approval by JPBD

2

Submits application for the electricity supply to Kedai Tenaga.

Complete details as outlined in Appendix 6 and 12 must be submitted with the application. The application must beaccompanied by 3 copies of the following :-

i) Location plan

ii) Site plan showing the lot number(s)iii) The plan of the proposed substation (when relevant)iv) The proposed electrical wiring system designsv) The proposed consumers switchroom (where applicable)vi) The approval of the building plans by the relevant Authorities

Clearly state details of the applicants supply requirements.Provide a comprehensive description of the proposed development and a list including all detail of the connectedloads, motors/appliances, the associated ratings, type of motor starter and their arrangements (where applicable).

Submit the metering requirements for CT Meters as in Appendix 20 .

3 Ensure that all the amendments are complied with and resubmitted to TNB.

4

Ensure that the applicants main switchroom shall be located adjoining the TNBs substation or as mutually agreedto be most appropriate under the speci c design

Provide appropriate cable trenching from the TNBs substation to the main switchroom and a panel/cubicle formetering or a free standing meter cubicle in the case of high voltage installation in the consumers switchroom orsubstation

Ensure that consumer switchgears, control gears, transformers, relay panels, switchboards, metering currenttransformer, potential transformer etc. to be connected to TNBs system must be approved by the EnergyCommission.

5 Appoint an Electrical Contractor for wiring up the premises

Provide installation test results and protection settings for all CT metered applicants.

6 Ensure that the wiring and the installation work of applicants equipment shall be supervised by competent person(s).

3.6 What The Electrical Consultant Engineer Should Do

The Electrical Consultant Engineer plays a major role to represent the applicant and ensure compliance withother relevant government departments and TNB. The Electrical Consultant Engineer is advised to observe thesteps as outlined below:


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Steps Action

7 Advise applicant to submit application form through registered Electrical Contractor. The process is the same as outlinedin Section 2.

8Advise applicant to deposit a sum of money equivalent to 2 months bill or as reviewed from time to time. For deposit ofmore than RM2,000 the applicant can settle either in cash or Bankers Guarantee.

3.7 Dispute Between Applicant And Electrical Consultant Engineer

In the event of a dispute between the applicant and the Electrical Consultant Engineer and the applicant wishesto terminate the services of the Electrical Consultant Engineer, the applicant shall duly notify the ElectricalConsultant Engineer concerned in writing with the copy extended to TNB. TNB shall not be a party to anydispute or litigation arising thereof.


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4.0 Application Process for Streetlightfor Streetlight

4.1 Purpose

This procedure outlines the process for the application for streetlight.

4.2 Types of Applications

The three (3) types of application for streetlights are:

Application made by the local authority/government authority

Application by developer

Application by individual

4.3 Application by Developer

The local authority or developer should take the following steps to apply for streetlight.

4.4 Application By Individuals/Local Authority/Government Authority

The application process is similar for both individuals and local authority or government authority. Individualsmust already have an account with TNB. The installation of streetlight depends on:

Installation of streetlight on existing TNB pole

Installation involving additional poles

Steps Action

1 Appoint a Consultant Engineer and an Electrical Contractor that is registered with the EnergyCommission.

2 The application is made together with the supply application for a new housing development withall the load details of the proposed public lighting that is approved by the local authority.

IF THEN

Installation of streetlight on existingTNB pole

Consumer submits application to the Kedai Tenaga.

Installation involvingadditional poles

The applicant settles the full cost of additional new pole/polesinstalled.


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PageCONTENTS

1.0 PLANNING FOR CONNECTION .........................................................................................1.1 Declaration Of Loads And Its Characteristics ............................................................................

1.1.1 Supplies at 415V and 240V ..............................................................................1.1.1.1 Technical Requirements For Connection ............................................

1.1.2 Supplies at 275kV, 132kV, 33kV, 22kV, 11kV and 6.6kV ...............................1.1.3 Supplies To Embedded / Distributed Generators .............................................

1.1.3.1 Planning Data Requirements For Connection of Embedded /Distributed Generators.........................................................................

1.1.3.2 Pre-connection Studies For Embedded / Distributed Generators .......1.2 Other Information Requirements ..................................................................................

2.0 PLANNING AND DESIGN CRITERIA ...............................................................................2.1 Steady-State Supply Voltage Performance ....................................................................2.2 Supply Security Level ...................................................................................................

2.2.1 Adopted Security Level De nitions For TNB Distribution System ................2.2.2 Supply Security Level to Consumers ...............................................................2.2.3 Request For Higher Supply Security Level .....................................................

2.3 Power Quality ...............................................................................................................2.3.1 Power Quality Requirements ...........................................................................2.3.2 Scope ................................................................................................................2.3.3 Voltage Dips/Sags ............................................................................................2.3.4 Voltage Step Change ........................................................................................2.3.5 Voltage Fluctuations and Flicker .....................................................................

2.3.6 Harmonics ........................................................................................................2.3.7 Voltage Unbalance ...........................................................................................

2.4 Short-Circuit Levels ......................................................................................................2.5 Protection Requirements ...............................................................................................

2.5.1 Basic Requirements ..........................................................................................2.5.2 Speci c Requirement ........................................................................................2.5.3 Protection System Evaluation Process .............................................................

3.0 DEMAND ESTIMATION ...........................................................................................3.1 Demand Estimates For Consumer Sub-Classes Or Premises ........................................3.2 Group Diversity .............................................................................................................3.3 Demand Estimates For A Mixed Development Area ....................................................

3.4 Demand Projection And Substation Requirements For LV Scheme .............................

4.0 SUPPLY SCHEMES ..................................................................................................................4.1 Maximum Demand Levels And Supply Schemes .........................................................4.2 Substation Categories, Type & Design ..........................................................................

4.2.1 Sub-Station Categories .....................................................................................4.2.2 Land Or Building Size Requirements For Sub-Station ....................................4.2.3 Type Of Fire Fighting System For The Sub-Station .........................................

4.3 Standard And Special Feature Design Schemes ............................................................4.4 Supply Schemes For Interconnection To Embedded Generators ..................................


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SECTION 1: PLANNING FOR CONNECTION

Sets of data and information are to be furnished by Electrical Contractors and Electrical Consultant Engineers acting on behalf of consumers or developers at the time of application of supply and prior to connection of supply.

Based upon submitted data and information, TNB will plan for the connection system to satisfy the planning and designcriteria and use the best engineering practices to ensure reasonable cost of equipment, materials and workmanship aswell as reasonable time period for connection of supplies.

1.1 DECLARATION OF LOADS AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS

TNB requires adequate information on magnitude and characteristics of the loads to be consumed by consumer orinstallation.

1.1.1 Supplies at 415V and 240V

For supplies at Low Voltages of 240V and 415V, the Consumer shall, in the appropriate application forms forconnection obtainable from TNB provide the following data.

(a) Maximum power requirements in kVA;(b) Types and number of equipment and its corresponding connected capacity in kVA;(c) Shunt connected reactors and capacitors in kVAr;(d) The date when connection is required;(e) For single-phase 240V motors with rating of greater than 6kVA and/or three-phase 415V motors

with rating greater than 75kVA, the following information shall be provided for each motor;(i) Rating in HP or KVA;(ii) Types of control equipment;(iii) Methods of starting and starting current;

(iv) Frequency of starting (number/hour); and(v) Rated power factor;

(f) Voltage sensitive loads (indicating sensitivity)

Where a preliminary examination of the above data indicates that more detailed information is required, theconsumer shall provide additional information upon request by TNB.


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1.1.1.1 Technical Requirements For Connection

For connections at Low Voltage the consumers installation shall comply with the Electricity Supply Act 1990and any regulations made there under and Malaysian Wiring Regulations and any requirements speci ed byTNB based on Malaysian MS-IEC Standards.

In the case of connections to Consumers at Low Voltage, TNB has the responsibility to specify any technicalrequirements for the connection. This includes speci cation of technical requirements associated with loadswhich may give rise to voltage uctuations and harmonics.

1.1.2 Supplies at 275kV, 132kV, 33kV, 22 kV, 11kV and 6.6kV

For supplies at voltages of 275kV, 132kV, 33kV, 22kV, 11kV and 6.6kV, the Consumer shall provide comprehensiveinformation on the loads and their characteristics including but not limited to the following:

a) For all types of loads:(i) Maximum Active Power consumption in kW; and(ii) Maximum Reactive Power consumption in kVAR.

b) For motor loads:

(i) Types of control equipment;(ii) Methods of starting;(iii) Magnitude and duration of the starting current;(iv) Frequency of starting (number/hour);(v) Under voltage setting and time;(vi) Negative phase sequence protection; and(vii) Sub-transient and/or locked rotor reactance of the motor.

c) For nonlinear loads with harmonic current injections:

(i) Harmonic current spectrum including harmonic number and the corresponding maximumcurrent.

d) For uctuating loads:(i) The rates of change of Active Power and Reactive Power consumption in kW/minute and

kVAR/minute respectively, both increasing and decreasing;(ii) The shortest repetitive time interval between uctuations for Active Power and Reactive Power

in minutes; and(iii) The magnitude of the largest step changes in Active Power and Reactive Power in kW and

kVAR respectively, both increasing and decreasing.


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e) For voltage sensitive loads:

(i) steady-state voltage tolerance limits of the equipment in percentage of the nominal voltage;(ii) intrinsic immunity limits to short duration voltage variation;(iii) transient voltage tolerance limits of the equipment in percentage of the nominal voltage and the

corresponding duration;(iv) harmonic current emission limit for equipment.

f) For Shunt Connected Reactors and Capacitors:(i) con guration and sizes of individual banks;(ii) types of switching and control equipment; and(iii) types of harmonic ltering reactors.

Should a preliminary examination of the above data indicate that a more detailed information is required, theconsumer shall provide the information upon request by TNB.

TNB upon receipt of the data and information should perform assessments of the impacts of the loads onTNBs distribution system. Consumers shall then be advised on TNBs design of supply scheme and othertechnical requirements to be complied with by the consumers to ensure system performance is within the limitsor standard.

1.1.3 Supplies To Embedded / Distributed Generators

1.1.3.1 Planning Data Requirements For Connection Of Embedded / Distributed GeneratorsEmbedded / distributed generator installations are treated as a different consumer class. For the purposes of planningFor the purposes of planningthe connection of a Distributed Generator to the Distribution System, TNB requires suf cient information to model thegenerating plant and carry out engineering studies for determining the method of connection to be employed, the voltagelevel of connection and its impacts on the Distribution System. The Distributed Generator shall provide the followinginformation to TNB for planning purposes.

(a) For all Generating Units (i) Terminal voltage;(ii) Rated kVA;(iii) Rated kW;(iv) Maximum Reactive Power sent out or minimum lagging power factor;(v) Maximum Reactive Power absorbed or minimum leading power factor;(vi) Type of Generating Unit synchronous, asynchronous, etc.(vii) Type of prime mover;(viii) Type of voltage control;(ix) Generating Unit sub-transient reactance;(x) Generating Unit transformer details;(xi) Requirements for Top-Up Supply and/or Standby Supply.


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Should a preliminary examination of the above data indicate that more detailed information is required; the Distributed

Generator shall provide additional information as follows upon request by TNB.

(b) For a Generating Unit with a capacity greater than 3 MW, the following additional information shall be provided to TNB by the Distributed Generator:

(i) Generating Unit electric and mechanical data (all impedance (unsaturated) in p.u. of rating and timeconstants in seconds) Type of prime mover Rated MVA Rated MW Generating Unit rotor and turbine moment of inertia or inertia constant Generating Unit MW / MVAR capability chart\ Type of excitation system Stator resistance Direct-axis sub-transient reactance Direct-axis transient reactance Direct-axis synchronous reactance Quadrature-axis sub-transient reactance Quadrature-axis transient reactance

Quadrature-axis synchronous reactance Direct-axis sub- transient open circuit time constant Direct-axis transient open circuit time constant Quadrature-axis sub-transient open circuit time constant Quadrature-axis transient open circuit time constant Zero sequence resistance Zero sequence reactance Negative sequence resistance Negative sequence reactance

Generating Unit open circuit saturation curve

(ii) Generating Unit transformer data MVA rating % resistance % reactance Tap range in p.u. Tap step in p.u. Vector group Method of earthing


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(iii) Automatic voltage regulator (AVR) data A block diagram for model of the AVR including the data in gains, forward and feedback gains,

time constant and voltage control limits and limit characteristics.

(iv) Speed governor and prime mover dataA block diagram for the model of the generating unit speed governor including its control parameters,time constants, gains, valve limits, temperature controls, deadbands, turbine rating, maximum andminimum power, penstock parameters, tunnel parameter, surge chamber parameters and all otherrelevant data.

Should a preliminary examination of the above data indicate that more detailed information is required;

the Distributed Generator shall provide additional information upon request by TNB.

(c) For Fixed Speed Asynchronous Induction Generating Units the following data may be required: Stator Current at unity power factor Stator Current max at lagging power factor Stator Current min at lagging power factor Magnetizing reactance Stator resistance

Stator reactance Inner cage or running rotor resistance Inner cage or running rotor reactance Outer cage or standstill rotor resistance Outer cage or standstill rotor reactance For the above state whether derived from inner outer cage or running-standstill measurements Slip at rated output per unit Load torque-speed coef cient B Load torque-speed coef cient C

Inertia constant for generator prime mover drive chain Note:

The torque-speed (T-N) relationship is de ned as:T = T 0 (A + BN = CN

2 ) where A = 1.0 B C Therefore only B & C are needed.Alternatively a per unit torque-speed curve can be provided.

Describe method of adding star capacitance over the operating range


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Capacitance connected in parallel at % of rated output Starting

20%40%60%80%100%

Maximum starting current in Amps Starting Regime - Symmetrical RMS current at time t from energisation:

- t = 0 ms- t = 50 ms- t = 200 ms- t = 1 s- t = 5 s

The operating chart to show range of reactive import and export with compensation as a functionof Active Power.

Details of the turbine and governor model, described in block diagram form showing transferfunctions of individual elements

The Distributed Generator will need to provide the above characteristic for each asynchronousGenerating Unit based on the number of pole sets (i.e. Two data sets are required for dual speed 4/6

pole machines).

For large sites, with multiple machines, the Distributed Generator may alternatively provide an equivalent networkmodelled as an asynchronous Generating Unit with matching Generating Unit Transformer at the Connection Point. Thisequivalent should also model the site electrical network and power factor correction, etc.

Should a preliminary examination of the above data indicate that more detailed information is required; the DistributedGenerator shall provide additional information upon request by TNB.

1.1.3.2 Pre-Connection Studies For Embedded / Distributed GeneratorsThe following pre-connection studies are necessary for the purpose of designing the interconnection facilities forembedded / distributed generators:-

(i) System studies of embedded / distributed generator installation encompassing load ow, short-circuit,stability, load rejection or islanding studies and protection coordination studies. The part of pre-connection studies is to be carried by a consultant appointed the owner of embedded / distributedgenerator. The associated costs shall be borne by the owner of embedded generator. The results of studywill be presented to TNB for evaluation.


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(ii) TNB upon receiving the above study and other necessary data shall conduct an integrated study of the

interconnected systems. The scope of study will include load ow, short-circuit, stability and protectioncoordination studies. The costs of this study will also be borne by the owner of generator seekinginterconnection with the distribution system.

1.2 OTHER INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS

Other sets of information as listed below are necessary for TNBD to plan for connection of supply to consumers.

1. Site plan or location plan (see Appendix 13) indicating the geographical position of the premises/buildingsof consumers. This information is essential for TNB to locate TNBs infrastructure nearest to the prospectiveconsumers.

2. Layout plan (see Appendix 13) for developed/proposed development. This information is necessary for TNB tolocate sub-station locations, if not previously identi ed, and feeder routes for MV or LV networks. Sketched layout

plans are required for individual or group applications less than 100KVA. Additional information, which needs to be speci ed in the supply application form, is the position of prospective consumer with respect to LV system orsub-station in terms of distance and estimated number of spans of LV feeders.

3. Building layout plans are particularly useful for indicating services entrance location/positions, position of sub-stations and consumer switch rooms.

4. Sub-station layout plan for both sub-stations integrated into a building or in separate building.

5. Consumer switch room layout indicating location of main switchboard, service cable entry position and necessaryducting or trenching.

6. Wiring diagrams of installation to be approved and endorsed by Electrical Consultant Engineer for demand greaterthan 100kVA. The single line drawing of the installation must encompass the complete installations indicatingincoming switches, main and sub-switchboards, main protection for incoming TNB supply as well as sub-circuit

protection, metering schemes, conductor sizes, major equipment e.g motors etc., standby generators, capacitor banks. Ratings of switchgears and components must also be indicated.

7. Appendix 14 is the form which registers the consent or acknowledgement of developer/owner for leasing/transferof sub-station lot to TNB. This form is to be submitted by Electrical Consulting Engineers, acting on behalf ofconsumers, for projects requiring substations.

Appendix 6 is a checklist for reference to consumers, electrical contractors and consultant engineers on range dataor information required at the supply application processing stage.


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SECTION 2.0 PLANNING AND DESIGN CRITERIA

TNB in developing the connection system or supply infrastructure needs to satisfy a set of planning and design criteriawhich are described in this section.

2.1 STEADY-STATE SUPPLY VOLTAGE PERFORMANCE

(a) Steady-State Voltage Fluctuation under Normal Condition

Under normal condition, when all circuit elements are in service, the distribution network includingthe points before the consumer metering must be planned to be maintained as is table 2-1 below:-

Table 2-1: Steady -state voltage level uctuation limits under normal conditions

(b) Steady-State Voltage Fluctuation under Contingency ConditionUnder contingency condition, when one or more circuit elements are on outage, the power frequencysteady-state voltage at all points in the distributors distribution system including the points before theconsumer metering must be planned to be maintained as follows:

Table 2-2: Steady-State Voltage Fluctuation Limits under Contingency Condition

2.2 SUPPLY SECURITY LEVEL

Supply security of a distribution system network de nes the availability of supply to consumers following the occurrenceof supply interruption. Systems and necessary network management infrastructure may be designed to meet any of thestandardized security level de nitions currently adopted by TNB as indicated in table 2-3.

Voltage level % variation

415V and 240V -10% & +5%

6.6kV, 11kV, 22kV,33kV +/- 5%

132kV and 275kV -5% & +10%

Voltage level % variation

415V and 240V +/- 10%

6.6kV, 11kV, 22kV,33kV +10 & -10%

132kV & 275kV +/- 10%


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2.2.1 Adopted Security Level De nitions For TNB Distribution Systems

Table 2-3: Security Levels for Distribution Network

2.2.2 Supply Security Level to Consumers

For supplies to consumers at voltage levels of 6.6kV, 11kV, 22kV and 33kV, large part of the network are generallydesigned to facilitate an average supply restoration of less than 4 hours. For supplies at 240V and 415V, the restoration

period may vary beyond 4 hours depending on the type of network fault.

2.2.3 Request for Higher Supply Security Level

However, TNB can design the supply scheme to meet higher security level requirement of individual consumer or groupof consumers. All additional costs involved in providing the higher security level shall be borne by the consumer.

2.3 POWER QUALITY

2.3.1 Power Quality Requirements

2.3.1.1 The electromagnetic disturbance covers the following phenomena:a. Voltage uctuations and ickers

b. Harmonics up to order of 50 th

c. Voltage dips and short supply interruptionsd. Voltage unbalancee. Inter-harmonics up to 50 th f. Voltage distortions at higher frequencies (above 50 th harmonics)g. Transient overvoltagesh. Power frequency variationi. Dc components

j. Mains signaling

Security Level Average Restoration Period

Level 1 Less than 5 seconds

Level 2 Less than 15 minutes

Level 3 Less than 4 hours

Level 4 Less than 24 hours


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For the purpose of this guideline, Power Quality is de ned as the degree to which the voltage at the pointof connection to the consumer of the Distribution Network is maintained to be Sinusoidal at Rated VoltageMagnitude and Frequency. In this guideline only items a to d are considered.

2.3.1.2 This section speci es the Power Quality requirements of the electricity supply to be delivered to the consumersin the TNB distribution system in terms of voltage and frequency to be within speci c limits so that the consumers equipment directly connected to the TNB distribution system can operate safely within its design performancewithout suffering undue damage or breakdown. Likewise this guidelines shall be complied with by all consumersconnected and who intend to be connected to the TNB distribution system.

2.3.1.3 In order to achieve the required Power Quality, these guidelines will be used by TNB in planning, developing,

maintaining and operating the distribution system and in connecting Distributed Generation and Demand to thedistribution system.

2.3.1.4 In cases where, the nature and operation of the new types of plant and equipment to be connected to thedistribution system is perceived to be likely to cause problems to customers connected to the System, but notfully covered by this guidelines, expert advice will be sought to ensure the appropriate remedial measures are

put in place.

2.3.2 Scope

2.3.2.1 This guidelines covers most of the power quality related phenomena generated by various types of plant andequipment connected to the distribution system as well as those generated by the transmission system. In each

particular case the Distribution Power Quality that should be maintained is indicated together with the remedialapproach and responsibilities of parties.

2.3.3 Voltage Dips/Sags

2.3.3.1 This guidelines does not speci cally cover the requirements for transient phenomena which can affect thevoltage level known as voltage dip or sag and swell usually experienced during system faults and thesubsequent recovery period, which can adversely affect some customer equipment sensitive to such changes.Currently, there is no local or international guidelines that has been established to specify requirements of thesupply voltage to the consumers with respect to the magnitude and duration of voltage dips and swells.


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2.3.3.2 Guidelines and guides that exist with respect to voltage dips and swell are those that describe the environment in

which the sensitive voltage equipment may experience which include typical number of voltage sag experiencesand their duration. The main purpose of such guidelines is to ensure that equipment designed to be connected tothe distribution systems to be compatible with the supply voltage performance in terms of various power quality

problems including voltage sags.

2.3.3.3 Malaysian Standard MS 1760:2004 Guides on Voltage Dips and Short Interruptions on Public Electric Power Malaysian Standard MS 1760:2004 Guides on Voltage Dips and Short Interruptions on Public Electric PowerSupply Systems contains de nitions and descriptions of voltage sags and short interruptions. MS1760:2004 is

based on IEC 61000-2-8 with some limited data on the characteristics for Malaysia. The purpose of the Guidesis to discuss voltage dips and short interruptions primarily as phenomena observed on public supply systems andits effects on voltage sensitive equipment receiving supply from such systems.

2.3.3.4 There exist standards on immunity of equipment to supply voltage uctuations and distortion with de nedmagnitude and duration of voltage dips and harmonics. IEC 61000-2 series of guidelines set out the supplycharacteristics e.g. IEC 61000-2.8 as indicated above. IEC 61000-3 series of guidelines sets out the compatibilitylevels which should be achieved when designing electrical equipment which may give rise to voltage uctuationsand harmonic distortion and when connecting such equipment to the distribution system, which will giveimmunity to interference to similar equipment connected to the distribution system. MS IEC 61000-4-11 & MSIEC 61000-4-34 series of standards speci es test methods.

2.3.3.5 Some equipment suppliers and trade organisations also specify the immunity levels for certain types of equipmentfor example Semiconductor Industry Guidelines SEMI F47, Computer and Business Equipment ManufacturingAssociation CBEMA Compatibility Guidelines.

2.3.3.6 TNB shall upon request from any customer advise the consumer having connected voltage sensitive loadsor intending to connect voltage sensitive loads in their installation to take into account the short durationelectromagnetic disturbance phenomena for selecting equipment with proper maximum intrinsic immunity.

2.3.4 Voltage Step Change

2.3.4.1 Limits of voltage changes due to Load, frequent and infrequent operational switching of Load both by TNB andthe consumer are de ned table 2.3.4.1. These limits are based on UKs Engineering Recommendation P2 ontable 2.3.4.1. These limits are based on UKs Engineering Recommendation P2 onPlanning Limits for Voltage Fluctuations Caused by Industrial, Commercial and Domestic Equipment in theUnited Kingdom, 1989.


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Table 2.3.4.1: Voltage limits on switching of load

2.3.5 Voltage Fluctuations and Flicker

2.3.5.1 The limits of Flicker 1 The limits of Flicker that are acceptable on the distribution system are in accordance with the EngineeringRecommendation P28, Issued by The Electricity Council of UK in 1989 entitled Planning Limits for VoltageFluctuation Caused by Industrial, Commercial and Domestic Equipment in the United Kingdom. TNB uses the

procedures contained in this document to plan the connection of Fluctuating Loads and applies the limits therein

in measuring and monitoring the levels of Flicker at such points of connection.

2.3.5.2 In accordance with the Engineering Recommendation P2, voltage uctuations at a Point of Common.2 In accordance with the Engineering Recommendation P2, voltage uctuations at a Point of CommonCoupling with a uctuating Load directly connected to the Distribution System shall not exceed:

(a) 1% of the voltage level for step changes, which may occur repetitively. Any large voltage excursions otherthan step changes or less frequent step changes may be allowed up to a level of 3% provided that thisdoes not constitute a risk to the distribution system or, in TNBs view, any other party connected to theTNBs view, any other party connected to theview, any other party connected to thedistribution system.

(b) The planning limits for the Short and Long Term Flicker Severity applicable for Fluctuating Loads connectedto the distribution system are as set out in the table below.

Load Starting/SwitchingLimit of Voltage

Change

Starting/switching once or twice a year 6%

Infrequent single starting/switching ordisconnection of Load once in two hoursor more hours. Including capacitor orreactor bank

3%

Frequent starting/switching and/or

disconnection of Load (e.g., Many timesin a day) 1%


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Table 2.3.5.2 : Maximum allowable icker severity

2.3.5.3 In connecting a Fluctuating Load at a particular point or Point of Common Coupling it is necessary to assess thetotal Flicker due to the Fluctuating Load itself and the background Flicker measured at that point. In assessingthe total Flicker TNB shall use the so called RSS Rule. This assessment is carried out by the RSS Rule byobtaining the sum of the squares of the Flicker from the Fluctuating Load and the background Flicker , with thesquare root of this sum yielding the total assessed Flicker at that Point of Common Coupling due to the speci cFluctuating Load and the background Flicker at that point.

2.3.5.4 Connection of more than one Fluctuating Load at the same Point of Common Coupling or addition of further

Fluctuating Load at the same location is carried out on a rst come rst served basis on the distribution system.This means that whilst the rst Fluctuating Load may be within the allowable Flicker limits and not requireany Flicker mitigation or compensation equipment, the second Fluctuating Load which may cause violationof Flicker limits will be obliged to invest in appropriate Flicker mitigation or compensation equipment. Atthe planning stage, in carrying out the assessment of the total Flicker due to more than one Fluctuating Load connecting at a particular Points of Common Coupling, TNB shall use the methodology described in P28.

2.3.5.5 In assessing the level of Flicker due to a Fluctuating Load at the planning stage the assessment will be carried

out at a realistic System operating condition giving the minimum number of connections with which that pointon the System can be operated within normal voltage limits and following Secured Contingency Events. Thiscondition shall be considered as representative of the type of System conditions under which the Flicker due toa Fluctuating Load will be at its highest value as the voltage uctuations due to the Fluctuating Load will be attheir highest level under such conditions.

TNB distribution systemVoltage Level at which the

Fluctuating Load isConnected

Absolute ShortTerm FlickerSeverity (P st)

Absolute LongTerm FlickerSeverity (P lt)

500, 275 and 132kV 1.0 0.8

Less than 132kV 0.8 0.6


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2.3.5.6 If under the operating conditions described in 2.3.5.5 the Flicker due to a Fluctuating Load exceeds the limitsthen Flicker compensation, which will reduce the Flicker to an acceptable level shall be installed. For theavoidance of doubt the acceptance Criteria for Flicker is the 95% values of Short and Long Term FlickerSeverity i.e., P st and P lt will be below the limits speci ed in table 2.3.5.2. Here the 95% values mean the valuesof Flicker Severity measured and observed during 95% of the total observation period. The System overall

performance yardstick for the level of Flicker reduction to be achieved shall be based upon enabling connectionof other similar Fluctuating Load and/or permitting for future extension and development of the location withfurther Fluctuating Load installations. The Flicker compensation method and equipment to be used shall beof a type that does not cause resonance problems with the existing and intended future developments of thedistribution system .

2.3.5.7 If the permissible Flicker limits cannot be met even with installation of Flicker compensation at a particularPoints of Common Coupling at a particular System voltage level then connection of the Fluctuating Load at ahigher voltage level or elsewhere in the System shall be considered. The connection point of choice will needto have to experience lower voltage uctuations than the rst connection point considered under the operationalconditions in 2.3.5.5.

2.3.6 Harmonics

2.3.6.1 All plant and equipment connected to the Distribution System, and that part of the TNB distribution system ateach connection site, should be capable of withstanding the following distortions of the voltage waveform inrespect of harmonic content. The maximum total levels of Harmonic Distortion at any connection point on thedistribution system from all sources under both planned outage and Secured Contingency Event conditions,unless abnormal conditions prevail, shall not exceed:

(a) at 33kV and 22kV, a Total Harmonic Distortion of 3% with no individual harmonic voltage greater than thatshown in the tables X;

(b) at 11kV and 6.6kV, a Total Harmonic Distortion of 4% with no individual harmonic voltage greater than thatshown in the tables Y;

(c) at 415V and below, a Total Harmonic Distortion of 5% with no individual harmonic voltage greater than thatshown in the tables Z;

(d) infrequent short duration peaks may be permitted by TNB to exceed the above levels for harmonicTNB to exceed the above levels for harmonicto exceed the above levels for harmonicdistortion;


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2.3.6.2 A Consumer who intends to connect non-linear loads to the TNB system shall carry out assessment harmonic.2 A Consumer who intends to connect non-linear loads to the TNB system shall carry out assessment harmonicassessment harmonicdistortion levels for the connection of each non-linear Load to the Distribution System. TNB will verify theresults of the assessments.

2.3.6.3 Consumers shall ensure that the Immunity Level of their plant and Apparatus is compatible with the.3 Consumers shall ensure that the Immunity Level of their plant and Apparatus is compatible with theelectromagnetic disturbances present on the System including harmonics.

2.3.6.4 In assessing the level of harmonic distortion and individual harmonic levels at the planning stage, the assessment.4 In assessing the level of harmonic distortion and individual harmonic levels at the planning stage, the assessmentwill be carried out at a realistic system operating condition giving the minimum number of connections withwhich that point on the system can be operated within normal voltage limits and following secured contingencyevents. This condition shall be considered as representative of the type of system conditions under which theharmonic distortion and individual harmonic levels will be at their highest level.

2.3.6.5 If under the operating conditions describes in 2.3.6.1 (a) the harmonic distortion and individual harmonic levels.5 If under the operating conditions describes in 2.3.6.1 (a) the harmonic distortion and individual harmonic levelsdue to the load exceed the limits then harmonic lters which will reduce the harmonics to an acceptable levelshall be installed to bring the levels within limits. The system overall performance yardstick for the level of

harmonic reduction to be achieved shall be based upon enabling connection of other similar harmonic producingload and/or permitting for future extension and development of the location with further harmonic producingload installations.

2.3.6.6 The planning limits of harmonics that are acceptable of the distribution system are in accordance with MS.6 The planning limits of harmonics that are acceptable of the distribution system are in accordance with MSIEC 61000-3-6 Assessment of emission limits for distorting loads in MV & HV power systems, and whereappropriate Engineering Recommendations G5/4 is adopted.

2.3.6.7 TNB uses the procedures contained in this document to plan the connection of loads producing harmonics and.7 TNB uses the procedures contained in this document to plan the connection of loads producing harmonics andapplies the limits therein in measuring and monitoring the levels of harmonics at such points of connection.These are given in summary in the tables below.


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Table X: Planning Levels for Harmonic Voltages in TNB distribution systems >20kV to 145kV (22kV and33kV) including background harmonics

Values in brackets are the Engineering Recommendation G5/4 levels.

Table Y: Planning Levels for Harmonic Voltages in TNB distribution systems 6.6kV and 11kV including background harmonics

Values in brackets are the Engineering Recommendation G5/4 levels.

Odd Harmonics(Non-multiple of 3)

Odd Harmonics(Multiple of 3)

Even Harmonics

Orderh

HarmonicVoltage (%)

Orderh

HarmonicVoltage (%)

Orderh

HarmonicVoltage (%)

57

11

1317192325

>25

5.0 (2.0)4.0 (2.0)3.0 (1.5)

2.5 (1.5)1.6 (1.0)1.2 (1.0)1.2 (0.7)1.2 (0.7)

0.2+0.5(25/h)

3

91521

>21

4.0 (2.0)

1.2 (1.0)0.30.20.2

24

68

1012

>12

1.6 (1.0)1.0 (0.8)

0.50.40.40.20.2

The total harmonic distortion level is 6.5 % (3%)

Odd Harmonics

(Non-multiple of 3)

Odd Harmonics

(Multiple of 3)Even Harmonics

Order

h

Harmonic

Voltage (%)

Order

h

Harmonic

Voltage (%)

Order

h

Harmonic

Voltage (%)

5

7111317192325

>25

5.0 (3.0)

4.0 (3.0)3.0 (2.0)2.5 (2.0)

1.61.21.2

1.2 (0.7)0.2+0.5(25/h)

39

1521

>21

4.0 (3.0)1.20.30.20.2

2468

1012

>12

1.6 (1.5)1.00.50.40.40.20.2

The total voltage harmonic distortion level is 6.5 % (4%)


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Table Z: Planning Levels for Harmonic Voltages in TNB distribution systems 415V and below including background harmonics

Note: The above table shows the Engineering Recommendation G5/4 levels. TNB is in the process of adopting

IEC levels and the values in the above table will be updated later

2.3.7 Voltage Unbalance

2.3.7.1 All plant and equipment connected to the distribution system, and that part of the distribution system at eachconnection site, should be capable of withstanding the following distortions of the voltage waveform in respectof Voltage Unbalance at the planning stage.

1) Under planned outage conditions, the maximum negative phase sequence component of the phase voltage

on the distribution system should remain below 1% unless abnormal conditions prevail.

2) Under the planned outage conditions, infrequent short duration peaks with a maximum value of 2% are permitted for Voltage Unbalance, subject to the prior agreement of TNB under the connection agreement.TNB under the connection agreement.under the connection agreement.TNB will only agree following a speci c assessment of the impact of these levels on TNB and other will only agree following a speci c assessment of the impact of these levels on TNB and other TNB and other and otherCustomers plant and equipment with which it is satis ed.

Odd Harmonics

(Non-multiple of 3)

Odd Harmonics

(Multiple of 3)Even Harmonics

Order

h

Harmonic

Voltage (%)

Order

h

Harmonic

Voltage (%)

Order

h

Harmonic

Voltage (%)

5711

1317192325

>25

4.04.03.0

2.51.61.21.20.7

0.2+0.5(25/h)

3

91521

>21

4.0

1.20.30.20.2

24

68

1012

>12

1.61.0

0.50.40.40.20.2

The total voltage harmonic distortion level is 5%


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3) At the terminals of a Customers installation or speci c Load the Voltage Unbalance voltage shall notexceed 1% for 5 occasions within any 30 minute time period.

4) In terms of traction Loads connected to the distribution system the acceptable limits of Voltage Unbalanceare in accordance with Engineering Recommendation (E/R) P29, issued by the Electricity Council of UKin 1984 entitled AC Traction Supplies to British Rail and its successor document P 29 issued in 1990Planning Limits for Voltage Unbalance in the United Kingdom. TNB uses the procedures contained inthis document to plan the connection of Loads producing Voltage Unbalance and applies the limits thereinin measuring and monitoring the levels of unbalance at such points of connection.

2.3.7.2 In assessing level of Voltage Unbalance at the planning stage the assessment will be carried out at a realisticSystem operating condition giving the minimum number of connections with which that point on the Systemcan be operated within normal voltage limits with maintenance outages and following Secured ContingencyEvents. This condition shall be considered as representative of the type of System conditions under which theVoltage Unbalance will be at its highest value.

2.3.7.3 If under the operating conditions described earlier the Voltage Unbalance due to the Load exceeds the limits then balancing compensation equipment, which will reduce the unbalance to an acceptable level shall be installed

to bring the levels within the limits. The System overall performance yardstick for the level of unbalance reduction to be achieved shall be based upon enabling connection of other similar unbalance producing Load and/or permitting for future extension and development of the location with further unbalance producing Load installations. The balancing compensation equipment to be installed shall be of a type that does not causeresonance problems with the existing and

Documents

Electricity Supply Application Handbook