ELC 200 Day 5, 6 & 7. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 2 Agenda Assignment #1 partially corrected –Still waiting for late assignments

WWWWWW

ELC 200

Day 5, 6 & 7

2WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall

Agenda

• Assignment #1 partially corrected– Still waiting for late assignments– Grades are posted for those I have graded

• Assignment #2 due next class• Quiz # 1 on Jan 30

– Change to syllabus– Chap 1-3 of text– 15 M/C (60 Points), 4 Short Essay (40 Points)

• Today we’ll discuss the World Wide Web and Internet Architecture


Cable Types

• Twisted-Pair Cable

• Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)

• Shielded Twisted Pair (STP)

• Optical Fiber

• Coaxial Cable

• Wireless Technology

Internet Architecture: Cable Types


UTP Cable


Twisted-Pair Cable• Consists of two pairs of insulated copper wires

twisted around each other• Advantages

– Protect against cross talk & interference– Easy to add computers to network– Well understood technology– Less expensive

• Disadvantages– Susceptibility to noise– Least secure– Distance limitations– Requires more expensive hubs



Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)

• Pair of wires do not have the shielding against electrical interference

• Advantages– Less expensive– Easy to install

• Disadvantages– Vulnerable to electromagnetic interference &

crosswalk– Subject to attenuation



Shielded Twisted Pair (STP)

• An electrically grounded woven copper mesh wrapped around each twisted pair

• Advantage– Reduces electromagnetic interference (EMI)

• Disadvantage– Makes the wiring thick and is difficult to

maintain



Optical Fiber


Optical Fiber• Uses light rather than voltage to indicate one and

zeros• Advantages

– High speed transmission– High security– Smallest in size– Supports voice & video data

• Disadvantages– Expensive– Difficult to install– Require two cables to transmit & receive data– Require special connections



Coaxial Cable


Coaxial Cable• Copper center shielded by a plastic insulating

material• Advantages

– Transmits up to 10Mbps over 500m– Easy to install– Low maintenance– Good resistance to noise over long distances

• Disadvantages– Inflexible– Low security– Limited distance



Wireless Technology• Microwave

– Connect LANs in separate buildings

• Radio waves– No distance limitations– Susceptible to atmospheric and electronic

interference– Subject to government regulations

• Infrared transmissions– Interference from bright light



Key Components of A Network

• Network Interface Card (NIC)

• Hubs & Switches

• Routers

• Gateways

Internet Architecture: Key Components of a Network


Network Hardware

NICHUB

SWITCH

ROUTER/GATEWAY


Network Interface Card

• Installed in a slot with a cable plugged into the back

• Plugged into a wall jack connection or into the hub/switch directly

• Modem – Converts digital signals into analog form for

transmission and incoming analog signals into digital signal across the telephone line



Hubs & Switches

• Hub– Operates at Physical Layer– Acts as a connecting point– Passive, active, and intelligent hubs

• Switch– Offers direct connection to a particular PC– Available for almost every OSI level



Routers

• Operate at Internet Layer

• Evaluate network traffic and stop local traffic from causing congestion

• Filter out packets that need not be received

• Expensive & difficult to operate



Gateways

• Special-purpose computer allowing communications between dissimilar systems on the network

• Operate at Application Layer primarily

• Difficult to install & configure

• Expensive



Factors in Designing a Network

• Location

• Capacity

• Distance limitations

• Cost

• Potential growth

• Security

Internet Architecture: Factors in Designing a Network


Factors in Selecting Network Architecture

• Hardware requirements

• Software requirements

• Disaster recovery & fault-tolerance requirements

• Corporate culture and organizational factors

Internet Architecture: Factors in Designing a Network


Network Management System

• Manager

• Managed Nodes

• Objects

• Management Information Base (MIB)

• Requests & responses

Internet Architecture: Network Management System


Network Management Based on SNMP

ManagementInformationBase (MIB)



Network ManagementSoftware (Manager)

Simple NetworkManagement Protocol (SNMP)

RMON Probe

Command (Get, Set, etc.)

Response

Trap


Large-Scale E-commerce Issues

• Financial exposure

• IP exposure

• Legal security

• Packet sniffing


Ensuring Corporate and Information Security

• Firewalls

• IP Security

• Intrusion detection systems


Management Implications Technical Talents Required

• Programming– Procedural & Scripting

– Object Oriented

– Markup Languages

• System analysis– Needs assessment

– System design and Specification

– Project Management

• Networks– Design

– Administration

– Security

• Databases– Design

– Transaction programming

– Administration


Management Implications

• High demand for Technical talent– Project Management – Business Knowledge – Communication Skills– High Salaries

• Retaining Talent– Constructive & Timely Feedback– Recognition & Appreciation– Championing Staff Causes– Support Employee Career goals– Match Industry Standards for Salary

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Chapter 4

Intranets and Extranets


OBJECTIVES

• Introduction

• Technical Infrastructure

• Planning an Intranet

• E-mail and Intranet

• Extranets


WHAT IS AN INTRANET?

• An organization-wide software and information distribution system applying Internet technology to a closed network

• Intranet operation is a communication project designed by technical staff

• A network of people, not wired machines• Usually runs in a client/server environment

and a local area network configuration


BENEFITS• Links employees and managers together• Automates a lot of intra-organizational

traffic• Enables a company to gain better access to

its primary resources – knowledge and experience

• Serves as a creative and empowering tool• Establishes the foundation for developing

enterprise-wide information systems


BENEFITS (Cont’d)

• Provides a model for new internal information management collaborative computing

• Prepares a wealth of Internet knowledge to employees

• Eases process integration

• Allows company to expand the system


APPLICATIONS

• Human Resources– Employee handbook– Benefits information– Employee surveys– Internal/external recruiting– Candidate screening– Organizational charts– Newsletters– Company calendars


APPLICATIONS (Cont’d)

• Sales and Marketing– Product information– Market research– Prospecting– Managing sales contacts– Sales training



• Accounting and Finance– Financial reports– Expense reports– Accounts receivable/payable processing– Asset management– Policies and procedures– Payroll



• Manufacturing and Operations– Inventory control– Production schedules– Quality assurance– Part order/requisition system


WHY DOES A COMPANY NEED AN INTRANET?

• A company has a large pool of information to share among hundreds of its employees

• Intranets are cheap, robust and fast

• Intranets operate across platforms

• 24/7 to employees

• Information in intranet can be updated quickly


TECHNICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

• Client/Server Basis– Client/Server software architecture: a versatile,

message-based, and modular infrastructure intended to improve usability, flexibility, interoperability and scalability

– Mainframe architecture: all intelligence is within the central host computer


TYPES OF CLIENT/SERVER ARCHITECTURE

• Two-tier architectures– For an organization with 12-100 users

• Three-tier architectures– User system interface– Processing management– Database management


TWO-TIER ARCHITECTURE DESIGN

User System Interface

Database Management


THREE-TIER ARCHITECTURE DESIGN

User System Interface

Database Management

Process Management


BASIC INTRANET-ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES

• Server and Client PCs

• Web Server

• Browsers

• TCP/IP Electronic Mail

• Graphic and Multimedia Files

• Network File System (NFS)

• Internet Relay Chat (IRC)

• HTML Authoring Tools

• HTML

• Portable Electronic Document (PDF)


USING FIREWALLS

• Proxy– “Go-between” agent that acts on behalf of

another

• Packet Filter– Checks each packet at network level

WWWWWW

ELC 200

Day 6


Agenda

• Assignment #1 corrected– 8 A’s and 2 C’s

• Assignment #2 due• Quiz # 1 Today

– Chap 1-3 of text– 15 M/C (60 Points), 4 Short Essay (40 Points)– Open book 60 min

• Today we’ll discuss the World Wide Web and Internet Architecture

WWWWWW

ELC 200

Day 7


Agenda

• Assignment #2 Corrected– 2 A’s, 5 B’s, 1 D, 1 F and 1 non-submit

• Quiz # 1 Corrected– 8 A’s, 1 B and 1 non-take

• Assignment #3 assigned today– Due Feb 10

• Today finish Intranets and Extranets• Begin Discussion on Web Management Tools and

Web Portals


Assignment # 3

• On page 129 and 130 – Do the following questions from the Discussion

Questions Section– 1, 2, 3 & 7

• On Page 157 – Do the following questions from the Discussion

Questions Section– 1, 2, 4, & 6

• Turn in a well formatted Word Document• Due Feb 10 at the beginning of class


PLANNING AN INTRANET

• Plan ahead

• Provide justification with management support

• Build an intranet in-house or outsource it

• Form an Intranet team

• Build and test a prototype

• Ensure effective maintenance


E-MAIL and INTRANET

• Spamming– Sending unwanted advertisements or literature

through e-mail

• Flaming– Responding to a message or a call in anger


E-MAIL ETIQUETTE

• Write in different color to express attitude or mood

• Keep sentences short• Be aware of your office and organization culture• Avoid flaming• Don’t use e-mail to send bad news• Don’t type in capital letters


EXTRANETS

• Lets limited, controlled business partners interact with the firm for all kinds of exchanges

• System designers must collaborate to make sure there is a common interface with the company they are dealing with

• Benefits: faster time-to-market, customer loyalty, increased partner interaction, and improved processes


KEY CONSIDERATIONS

• Identifying users

• Listing technology components

• Specifying security requirements

• Discussing administration of extranet

• Understanding usability of extranet


OTHER CONSIDERATIONS

• Security– Type of users– Sensitivity of information transacted– Communication lines used

• Manageability / administration

• Usability


ROLE OF CHAMPION

• Ensures accountability for the organization

• Promotes more effective collaboration with business partners which improves potential for increased revenue

• Provides a long-term investment in competitive advantage

Documents

ELC 200 Day 5, 6 & 7. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 2 Agenda Assignment #1 partially corrected –Still waiting for late assignments