Elbow(Humeroulnar) Joint Presentation by Lindsey Bidleman and
Linda McConnell
Slide 2
Components of the Elbow Joint Include Surface Anatomy Bones
Articular Capsule Cartilage Bursae Ligaments Muscles Nerves
Arteries Veins Linda
Slide 3
Surface Anatomy of the Elbow Cubital Fossa Medial Bicipital
Groove Biceps Tendon Triceps Tendon Olecranon Lateral Epicondyle
Medial Epicondyle Radial Styloid Process Ulnar Styloid Process
Linda
Slide 4
Surface Anatomy of the Elbow Joint Lateral Epicondyle Medial
Epicondyle Cubital Fossa Triceps Tendon Olecranon Medial Bicipital
Groove Biceps Tendon Linda
Slide 5
Surface Anatomy of the Elbow Joint Ulnar Styloid Process Radial
Styloid Process Linda
Slide 6
Surface Anatomy of the Elbow Joint When arms are at your sides,
palms facing forward, you hands and forearms should be about 5-15
degrees away from your body. This angle allows your forearms to
clear you hips when swinging your arms while walking. Also very
important when carrying various objects. The angle is more
pronounced in women than men. Carrying angle Linda
Slide 7
Surface Anatomy of the Elbow Joint Carrying Angle: Male vs
Female Linda
Slide 8
Bones of the Elbow Joint Include Humerus- Largest bone in the
upper extremity. Articulates with the radius and ulna. Ulna- The
stabilizing bone of the forearm. The medial and longer bone of the
two forearms. (Pinky side) Radius- The lateral and shorter of the
two forearm bones. (Thumb side) Linda
Slide 9
Ulna Olecranon Process- Big bony projection on proximal end.
Coronoid Process-Prominant elevation on anterior surface. Trochlear
Notch- Articulates with the trochlea of the humerus. Ulnar
Tuberosity- Inferior to the coronoid process. Radial Notch- Smooth,
rounded curve that articulates with the head of the radius. Linda
Ulnar Tuberosity Olecranon Process Radial Notch Coronoid Process
Trochlear Notch Anterior Right Posterior Right
Slide 10
Humerus Capitulum- Articulates with the head of the radius.
Olecranon Fossa- Big depression on the posterior side of the
humerus. Medial Epicondyle- More prominent than the lateral
epicondyle. Trochlea- Articulates with the trochlear notch of the
ulna. Coronoid Fossa- Superior to the trochlea, the smaller
depression in the anterior side of the humerus. Lateral Epicondyle-
Smaller than the medial epicondyle. Linda Coronoid Fossa Olecranon
Fossa Trochlea Capitulum Medial Epicondyle Lateral Epicondyle
Anterior Right Posterior Right
Slide 11
Radius Head- Smooth, flat surface for articulation with the
capitulum of the humerus. Neck- Narrow part between the head and
the radial tuberosity. Radial Tuberosity- Directly under the head
and neck, flat surface. The attachment for the biceps muscle. Linda
Head Neck Radial Tuberosity Anterior Right
Slide 12
Articular Capsule Articular Capsule is sleeve like and
surrounds a synovial joint, encloses the synovial cavity, and
unites articulating bone. Composed of two layers Fibrous Membrane-
usually consisting of dense irregular connective tissue that
attaches to the periosteum of the articulating bones. Synovial
Membrane- Composed of areolar connective tissue with elastic
fibers. Linda
Slide 13
Cartilage Cartilage is a solid, stretchable type of connective
tissue that forms parts of the skeleton where more flexibility and
protection are necessary. Articular Cartilage provides a smooth,
low friction gliding surface for free movement for the humerus,
radius, and ulna. Its shiny surface also makes it kind of pretty!
Linda
Slide 14
Bursae Bursae are closed sacs containing fluid, they prevent
friction and enable structures to move freely over one another.
Intratendinous Olecranon Bursa- Sometimes present in the tendon of
the triceps Subtendinous Olecranon Bursa- Located between the
olecranon and the triceps tendon, just proximal to its attachment
to the olecranon Subcutaneous Olecranon Bursa- Located in the
subcutaneous connective tissue over the olecranon Linda
Slide 15
Clinical Awareness of Bursae Injury can happen to the
subcutaneous olecranon bursa by falls on the elbow, and from
infraction from abrasions of the skin covering the olecranon,
causing the bursa to become inflamed. Repeated excessive pressure
and friction produce a friction called Subcutaneous olecranon
bursitis. Pain is severe during flexion of the forearm It is easy
to treat if the patient follows the P.R.I.C.E. Protection, Rest,
Ice, Compression, Elevation. Linda
Slide 16
Ligaments: Connect bone to bone Collateral ligaments of the
elbow joint are strong triangular bands that are medial and lateral
thickenings of the fibrous layer of the joint capsule Ulnar
Collateral Ligament- Medial and triangular ligament that extends
from the medial epicondyle of the humerus to the coronoid process
and olecranon of the ulna consisting of three bands 1. Anterior
cord-like band is the strongest 2. Posterior fan-like band is the
weakest 3. Slender oblique band that deepens the socket for the
trochlea of the humerus Linda
Slide 17
Ligaments Cont Radial Annular Ligament- This ligament encircles
and holds the head of the radius in the radial notch of the ulna,
and permits pronation and supination of the forearm Radial
Collateral Ligament- Lateral fan-like ligament that extends from
the lateral epicondyle of the humerus to the annular ligament of
the radius and the radial notch of the ulna. Radial Annular
Ligament Radial Collateral Ligament Linda
Slide 18
Ligaments Continued Interosseous Membrane- Fibrous connective
tissue that joins the shafts of the radius and ulna. Interosseous
Membrane Linda
Slide 19
#9 on classroom model Origin Long Head Supraglenoid tubercle
Short Head Coracoid process Insertion Radial Tuberosity of Radius
Innervation Musculocutaneous Nerve Vascular Supply Brachial Artery
Action Elbow Flexion, Forearm Supination
Slide 20
#11 on classroom model Origin Long Head: infraglenoid tubercle
of scapula Lateral Head: Inferior to greater tubercle on posterior
humerus Medial Head: Posterior surface of humerus Insertion
Olecranon Process of Ulna Innervation Radial Nerve Vascular Supply
Deep Brachial artery Action Elbow Extension
Slide 21
#25 on classroom model Origin Lateral epicondyle of humerus and
adjacent ulna Insertion Anterior Surface of the proximal radius
Innervation Radial Nerve Vascular Supply Recurrent interosseous
artery Action Forearm supination
Slide 22
#12 on classroom model Origin Medial epicondyle of humerus and
coranoid process of ulna Insertion Lateral aspect of radius at its
midpoint Innervation Median Nerve Vascular Supply Ulnar artery
Action Forearm pronation, assistive in elbow flexion
Slide 23
Origin Distal of Ulna Insertion Distal of Radius Innervation
Median Nerve Vascular Supply Anterior interosseous artery Action
Forearm pronation
Slide 24
#20 on classroom model Origin Lateral supracondylar ridge on
the humerus Insertion Styloid process of the radius Innervation
Radial Nerve Vascular Supply Radial artery Action Elbow
flexion
Slide 25
#10 on classroom model Origin Distal of humerus, anterior
surface Insertion Coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity of the ulna
Innervation Musculotaneous Nerve Vascular Supply Brachial Artery
Action Elbow Flexion
Nerve Supply to the Elbow A.Brachial Plexus Roots Randy Trunks
Travis Divisions Drinks Chords Cold Branches Beer B. Branches of
Brachial Plexus (Lateral to Medial) Musculocutaneous Moms Axillary
Are Radial Really Median Mad Ulnar Usually
Slide 36
The Musculocutaneous Nerve Supplies the elbow flexors EXCEPT
the brachioradialis The Radial Nerve Supplies the elbow extensors
The Median Nerve Supplies all the pronators of the forearm The
Ulnar Nerve Runs posterior to the medial epicondyle
Slide 37
The Ulnar Nerve Known as the Funny Bone Largest nerve that is
unprotected by deep tissues, ligaments, muscles, or bones. The
severity of the numbness or pain varies from person to person Can
cause spontaneous paralysis of pinky and lateral of ring finger.
http://youtu.be/ZEcNgyIOO_E
Slide 38
Arteries of the Elbow Radial Recurent interosseous Posterior
interosseous Brachial Anterior interosseous Ulnar Superficial
palmar arch
To control hemorrhage Site where cuff compresses artery against
humerus to obtain blood pressure
Slide 42
Cepthalic Basilic Brachial Median antebrachial Median cubital
Dorsal venous arch
Slide 43
Upper extremity veins provide best source to obtain blood It is
readily assessable Veins can be visualized Quickly cleaned Does not
impede with life activities
http://www.oneplaceforspecialneeds.com/main/library_blood_test.html
Slide 44
Tennis Elbow Elbow tendinitis(tennis elbow) is inflammation of
the lateral epicondyle. Occurs most commonly in the extensor carpi
radialis brevis, where there is an increase in pain receptors in
the area making the region very tender! Causes of tennis elbow The
most common cause is the overuse or repetitive strain caused by
repeated extension of the wrist against resistance. Gripping heavy
objects Tennis is also a cause, although the above causes are more
common. Linda
Slide 45
Treatment for Tennis Elbow Goals of treatment Identify the
cause of injury Reduce pain and inflammation Gradually return the
patient to activity Treatment It may take several different types
of exercise to completely relieve pain caused by tennis elbow Icing
to reduce inflammation and pain. Plenty of rest, but also with a
few low grade exercises such as Stretching Exercises Strengthening
Exercises The Real Life Dangers of Tennis Elbow - YouTube The Real
Life Dangers of Tennis Elbow - YouTube Linda
Slide 46
References You Tube Zach Thurow( April 4 th, 2012) Retrieved on
November 15 th, 2013. The Real Life Dangers of Tennis Elbow -
YouTubeThe Real Life Dangers of Tennis Elbow - YouTube
Sportsinjuryclinic.net (2013). Tennis Elbow/ Lateral Epicondylitis.
Retrieved November 15 th, 2013 from
http://www.sportsinjuryclinic.net/sport-
injuries/elbow-pain/tennis-elbowhttp://www.sportsinjuryclinic.net/sport-
injuries/elbow-pain/tennis-elbow A.D.A.M. quality (1997-2013).
Carrying Angle of the Elbow- excessive. Retrieved November 15 th,
2013. Carrying angle of the elbow - excessive: MedlinePlus Medical
EncyclopediaCarrying angle of the elbow - excessive: MedlinePlus
Medical Encyclopedia Wikimedia Commons (April 23, 2013). File:
Slide2xzxzxz.JPG. Retrieved on November 16 th, 2013.
File:Slide2xzxzxz.JPG - Wikipedia, the free
encyclopediaFile:Slide2xzxzxz.JPG - Wikipedia, the free
encyclopedia Tortora, G. & Derrickson, B. (2012). Principles of
Anatomy & Physiology. (13 th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley
& Sons, Inc. Retrieved November 2013.
Slide 47
References Moore, L., Agur, A., & Dalley, A. (2011).
Essential Clinical Anatomy (4 th ed.). Baltimore, MD: Lippincott
Williams & Wilkins. Retrieved November 2013. Figures: SA6.3,
SA6.4, 6.55, 6.56, 6.57, B6.21 Clemente, C. (2011). Anatomy A
Regional Atlas of The Human Body (6 th ed.). Baltimore, MD:
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Retrieved November 2013.
Figures: 88-1l, 88-3l Linda
Slide 48
Quiz on Thursday 1.Biceps Brachii 2.Brachialis 3.Supinator
4.Brachioradialis 5.Pronator Quadratus