Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
EL SUBJUNTIV
OUSING THE
SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD IN SPANISH
WHAT DIFFERENCES DO YOU SEE IN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES?
It’s raining outside. I hope that it’s raining outside.
We will have a lot of homework. I don’t want us to have a lot of homework.
She eats healthy food. It’s good that she eats healthy food.
I’m certain that he is coming. I doubt that he is coming.
THE SUBJUNCTIVE…• Is a mood, not a tense.
*A tense deals with when something happens (past, present).Example: We’re going to the beach tomorrow.
*A mood expresses how a speaker feels about something.Example: I am happy that we are going to the beach tomorrow.
The Indicative:Certainty/Objectivity
Examples:
Yo creo que vamos a ganar.
Es cierto que no tenemos tarea.
The Subjunctive:Uncertainty/Subjectivity
Examples:
Dudo que vayamos a ganar.
Es posible que no tengamos tarea.
SUMMARY:
IN ORDER TO USE THE SUBJUNCTIVE…
1. There must be 2 clauses in a sentence separated by the word que (that).
(A clause = a group of words with a subject and a conjugated verb)
2. There must be a subject change between clauses.3. The main clause must be an expression of will
(hope, want, wish), doubt or denial, emotion, or an impersonal expression (it’s possible, it’s necessary).
Main Clause Connector Subordinate ClauseI doubt that the movie is good.He hopes that she doesn’t arrive late.It’s good that we don’t have homework.We don’t believe that they have the money.
WHEN THERE IS NO SUBJECT CHANGE…
An infinitive is often used.
Examples: I want to go with you. Quiero ir contigo.
It’ necessary to study every night. Es necesario estudiar cada noche.
It’s good to exercise. Es bueno hacer ejercicio.
WOULD THE HIGH-LIGHTED VERB BE IN THE SUBJUNCTIVE OR THE INDICATIVE
MOOD?1. We hope that you have a good time.
2. I think that this is difficult.
3. I wish that we didn’t have to leave.
4. I want to eat chocolate.
5. I hope that I have a good time.
6. It’s possible that it is snowing outside.
7. They doubt that we will win.
8. She believes that it is important.
9. We think that the book is good.
10. It’s terrible that she is sick.
VERBS THAT ARE IRREGULAR IN THE PRESENT TENSE YO FORM ARE IRREGULAR IN THE
SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD.
Verb Subjunctive Form
dar dé
estar esté
haber haya
saber sepa
ser sea
ir vaya
VERBS WITH SPELLING CHANGES:
OTHER SPELLING CHANGES:
• Verbs ending in –ger and –gir
the g changes to j before an a
Examples:
escoger - yo escoja elegir - yo elija
tú escojas tú elijas
ella escoja él elija
nosotros escojamos nosotros elijamos
ellos escojan ellas elijan
OTHER SPELLING CHANGES:
• Verbs ending in –guir
the gu changes to g before an a
Example:
seguir - yo siga
tú sigas
ella siga
nosotros sigamos
ellos sigan
Mr. Factual Mr. Dreamer
EXPRESSIONS OF WISHES, HOPE, DESIRE
El subjuntivo
es divertido.
Espero que sea divertido estudiar el subjuntivo.
EXAMPLES:
• Quiero que me llames después de clase.
I want you to call me after class.
• Esperamos que sirvan pizza hoy.
We hope that they serve pizza today.
• Ellos desean que ella venga temprano.
They want her to come early.
COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES WITH A VERB IN THE SUBJUNCTIVE.
Deseo que mi madre/padre ___________________________.
Quiero que mis amigos _______________________________.
Espero que tú _______________________________________.
Mr. Factual Mr. Dreamer
EXPRESSIONS OF EMOTION
Estudiamos el
subjuntivo más.
Estoy contento que estudiemos el subjuntivo
más.
IN SPANISH, YOU MUST USE THE SUBJUNCTIVE AFTER AN EXPRESSION OF EMOTION, REGARDLESS OF WHETHER
OR NOT THE INFORMATION IS TRUE.
Examples:
Estoy contenta que mi amiga llegue hoy.
Es malo que muchos estudiantes no comprendan la información.
Es triste que estés enfermo.
COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES WITH A VERB IN THE SUBJUNCTIVE.
Me alegro de que ___________________________.
Es una lástima que __________________________.
Me encanta que ____________________________.
Mr. Factual Mr. Dreamer
IMPERSONAL EXPRESSIONS
Aprendemos usar el
subjuntivo.
Es importante que
aprendamos usar el
subjuntivo.
TO PRESENT AN OPINION, THE SUBJUNCTIVE IS OFTEN USED WITH THE FOLLOWING IMPERSONAL
EXPRESSIONS.(No) es bueno que…
(No) es malo que …
(No) es importante que…
(No) es posible que …
(No) es imposible que…
(No) es raro que …
(No) es necesario que …
(No) es probable que …
EXAMPLES:
Es importante que vengamos a tiempo.
Es posible que tengamos tarea esta noche.
Es raro que ellos no escuchen.
REMEMBER: SOME IMPERSONAL EXPRESSIONS DEMONSTRATE CERTAINTY AND ARE USED
WITH THE INDICATIVE.
Es evidente que…
Es obvio que …
Es verdad que …
Es cierto que…
No es dudoso que …
Examples: Es evidente que ella dice la verdad.
Es cierto que él es muy inteligente.
Mr. Factual Mr. Dreamer
VERBS OF INFLUENCE
Debes estudiar español todos los
días.
Recomiendo que estudies español todos
los días.
Mr. Factual Mr. Dreamer
VERBS OF DOUBT AND DENIAL
Creo que va a llover hoy.
Dudo que vaya a llover
hoy.
EXAMPLES:
Dudo que él gane la elección.
Es dudoso que yo saque una buena nota en el examen.
Es improbable que ellos estén listos ahora.
COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES:
Dudo que mi amgio _________________________.
No es verdad que ___________________________.
Es improbable que __________________________.
OJALÁ
*Cannot be conjugated
*Is a word of Arabic origin that can be roughly translated as: “If Allah wants it” or “God willing”
*Means the same thing as “hopefully” or “I hope” but has a little stronger meaning than the verb esperar.
*Can be used with or without the word que.
*The verb after ojalá should be in the subjunctive.
Examples: ¡Ojalá que llueva! I hope it rains!
¡Ojalá ella lo haga! I hope she does it!
