Eiken Test

A 1 - 1 0 - 1 0 5 8 A

試験時間

筆記試験（１００分）

リスニングテスト（約３７分）

注意事項

1. 試験開始まで，この問題冊子を開いてはいけません。2. 解答は，解答用紙（マークシート）に記入してください。筆記１２３・リスニングの解答欄は解答用紙のＡ面（表

面），筆記４の解答欄は，解答用紙のＢ面（裏面）にあり

ます。解答用紙以外に記入した解答は，すべて無効となり

ます。問題冊子にはメモをしてもかまいませんが，後で

解答用紙に解答を書き写す時間はありません。

3. 問題内容に関する質問は一切受けつけません。4. 不正行為をした場合は，答案は無効となります。5. 他の受験者に迷惑をかける行為を禁じます。6. リスニングテストの準備時間，およびリスニングテスト中に教室外へ出た場合は，その後教室に戻りテストを受ける

ことはできません。

7. 携帯電話などは必ず電源を切って机の上に置き，絶対に使用しないでください。

8. 電子機器（ウェアラブル端末を含む）の使用を禁じます。9. 携帯電話などの着信音・バイブ音，その他試験を妨げる音を発生させた場合は，失格とすることがあります。

10.試験終了後，問題冊子は持ち帰ってください。11.採点結果等については，一切異議申し立てはできません。12.この試験問題の複製（コピー）を禁じます。また，この試験問題の一部または全部を協会の許可なく他に伝えたり，

漏えい（インターネット上に掲載することを含みます）する

ことを禁じます。

２０１５‐２

実用英語技能検定

1主催：公益財団法人日本英語検定協会後援：文部科学省級

2015 年10月11日（日）実施

Grade 1Start from the next page.

2015年度第2回検定一次試験（1級） copyright2015　公益財団法人日本英語検定協会無断転載・複製を禁じます

Grade 1

� 3 �

(1) As the country has very little ( ) land, it has to rely on importedagricultural products to feed its population.

1 arable 2 ulterior 3 retractable 4 capricious

(2) The pond near the town became ( ) with mosquitoes. Town officialspromised to take measures to solve the problem, as mosquitoes can spreaddangerous diseases.

1 rustled 2 mitigated 3 infested 4 rectified

(3) A: Bashir, should you really be driving on this dirt road in your new car?B: It’ll be OK. It has four-wheel drive, so it can handle rough ( ).1 atrophy 2 concourse 3 sustenance 4 terrain

(4) The politician’s remark that the war was nearly impossible to win ( )his country’s troops. They began to wonder what they were fighting for.

1 demoralized 2 implored 3 detested 4 immersed

(5) Wins in the last two tournaments of the season ( ) the professionalgolfer up from No. 56 to No. 7 in the world rankings.

1 incapacitated 2 catapulted 3 bewildered 4 deprecated

(6) The isolated island community is known for its ( ) language. Manyforms of speech they use have now vanished from the rest of the country.

1 gallant 2 meager 3 archaic 4 irate

(7) The ( ) of smartphones on the market today makes it difficult forpeople to decide which one to purchase.

1 convalescence 2 profusion3 treatise 4 annulment

(8) In order to protect national security, details of antiterror operations are decidedat ( ) meetings unknown to all but a few key intelligence officials.

1 clandestine 2 abysmal 3 insipid 4 malignant

(9) Driving a car while under the influence of alcohol is ( ) by law. Thosecaught doing so face heavy fines and could have their license taken away.

1 dispersed 2 lamented 3 enlivened 4 proscribed

To complete each item, choose the best word or phrase from among

the four choices. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the

question and mark your answer.1


Grade 1

� 4 �

(10) Stuart found studying Russian very ( ) at first, but he began enjoying itonce he was able to understand the basics.

1 elastic 2 daunting 3 lustrous 4 sagacious

(11) The manager ( ) dismissed the request by one of his sales staff to bereassigned, refusing to discuss the matter at all.

1 immortally 2 ponderously 3 brusquely 4 diversely

(12) Dave receives a high salary but ( ) most of it on long vacations andexpensive restaurants. As a result, he has very little money in his savings account.

1 impels 2 endows 3 inflicts 4 squanders

(13) Business leaders ( ) the government’s plans to raise the consumptiontax, arguing that such a move would send the economy into a recession.

1 decried 2 deified 3 desensitized 4 deployed

(14) Though smoking has been proven to be ( ) to health, some consumersare still persuaded by tobacco-company ad campaigns that cigarettes are cool.

1 tantamount 2 superfluous 3 detrimental 4 anecdotal

(15) When questioned about the robbery, the suspect insisted he had worked alone.Fingerprint evidence, however, suggested he had had at least one ( ).

1 tycoon 2 accomplice 3 paragon 4 partisan

(16) Mateo and Suzie had been driving for hours on the highway in bad weather.Hoping to gain a brief ( ) from the rain, they stopped at a roadside café.

1 ruse 2 twinge 3 respite 4 zenith

(17) Greg became so ( ) in his book that he forgot all about the roast beefin the oven. By the time he remembered to take it out, it was already overcooked.

1 notarized 2 engrossed 3 drenched 4 transposed

(18) The city’s downtown area used to be in bad shape, as most of its shops andbusinesses had moved elsewhere. Now, however, it is prospering again after being( ) by the city government.

1 revitalized 2 relinquished 3 refrained 4 revoked

1


� 5 �

(19) Although the mansion’s barred windows and guard dogs are meant to be a( ) to intruders, last night someone managed to break in and steal somevaluables.

1 revelation 2 deterrent 3 waiver 4 suppressant

(20) During the televised debate, the politician became increasingly offended by the( ) remarks of his opponent, who kept making personal attacks.

1 acrid 2 scrumptious 3 mangled 4 soggy

(21) Ron Green was a ( ) scorer last season, getting a record 31 goals in theSuper Soccer League. This year, however, he has been struggling to perform well.

1 satirical 2 tenuous 3 prolific 4 trifling

(22) The moment the art critic walked into the gallery, one painting immediately( ) him. He knew right away that the artist who had painted it was agenius.

1 owned up to 2 picked up on3 squared off against 4 leaped out at

(23) Drake did not think the sales plan would work, but he had to ( )because it was his boss’s idea. In the end, the plan failed despite everyone’s hardwork.

1 play along 2 count out 3 trade up 4 answer back

(24) A: Honey, we need to ( ) a date for our move. Moving companiescharge more on the weekends, so a weekday would be better.B: How about Monday the sixth? I can take that day off work.1 shell out 2 pile on 3 drag out 4 fix on

(25) The job candidate ( ) the first interview, but he did badly in the secondone, and eventually did not get the job.

1 sailed through 2 ran up3 picked over 4 palmed off


Grade 1

� 6 �

Land-Use RegulationsMegalopolises such as London and New York are infamous for their

exorbitant land prices. In London’s exclusive Mayfair district, for example,residential property goes for as much as $82,000 per square meter. Suchastounding prices are said to reflect extreme scarcity of supply in the face ofoverwhelming demand. Some economists, however, believe that ( 26 ). Inthe early twentieth century, many local governments in cities began implementingland-use regulations restricting the size and type of buildings that could beconstructed, in order to protect homeowners from the noise and pollutionassociated with industry and business. Economists such as Christian Hilber of theLondon School of Economics argue it is these laws that drive up land prices tooutrageous levels, as there is nowhere to construct buildings that could createcompetition and lower prices.

According to Randal O’Toole, a senior fellow at the Cato Institute think tankin Washington, DC, land-use regulations also have the effect of ( 27 ).O’Toole believes that increasing land-use regulation has caused a shift in U.S.migration patterns. Prior to this, urban metropolises were attractive destinations forpeople in search of a better life. But by raising land prices in areas where goodjobs and promising locations for starting businesses are plentiful, land-useregulations have locked poorer people in less desirable neighborhoods, where landis more affordable. Despite the lack of economic opportunity in theseneighborhoods, people simply would not be able to make ends meet in areaswhere rent would eat up a huge percentage of their paychecks.

Some economists argue a solution to the land-use regulation problem wouldbe to make decisions from the top down. They have shown that politicians in localdistricts tend to be influenced by property owners to implement laws that protectquality of life in their neighborhoods and, as a consequence, ensure the value oftheir property does not go down. When land-use regulations are drawn up at alocal level, therefore, they ( 28 ). If decisions were instead made at the citylevel, the priority would be on benefiting the city as a whole, rather thanindividual neighborhoods.

(26) 1 the high prices benefit the economy2 prices will soon begin to decrease3 the shortage is artificially created4 this has no effect on homeowners

(27) 1 limiting social mobility 2 harming the construction industry3 making businesses lose money 4 raising rents in poor neighborhoods

(28) 1 lead to lower land prices 2 are changed more frequently3 tend to be much stricter 4 often violate national laws

Read each passage and choose the best word or phrase from

among the four choices for each blank. Then, on your answer sheet,

find the number of the question and mark your answer.2


Grade 1

� 7 �

The Origin of Milk ConsumptionToday, lactose intolerance is a relatively minor yet widespread health

problem that causes some people to experience symptoms such as diarrhea orvomiting after consuming dairy products. The condition is due to the lack of thelactase persistence (LP) allele, a gene that allows the body to digest lactose, themain sugar in milk. Though widespread in Europe, the allele is much lesscommon in other regions. Interestingly, research conducted by evolutionarygeneticist Mark Thomas of University College London has shown that the geneticmutation which gave rise to the LP allele had a significant impact on humansettlement in Europe.

Thomas examined the skeletons of some of Europe’s first farmers, who livedaround 7,500 years ago, and his findings indicate that the allele ( 29 ).These early agriculturalists had spread gradually from the Middle East andcompeted with European hunter-gatherer populations. The skeletons examined byThomas were primarily crop farmers, but within a relatively short timespan, theLP allele’s emergence and the resulting newfound ability to consume fresh milkwithout negative consequences would lead to increased cattle farming andbestow a major survival advantage. Today, the allele is found in about 90 percentof northern Europeans.

The specific nature of the competitive advantage gained from drinking milk,however, remains something of a mystery. Thomas speculates lactose tolerance ledto ( 30 ). Europe’s shorter growing season may have made the crops uponwhich farmers had originally depended more difficult to cultivate. Obtainingcalories from milk therefore meant a potential relief from the boom-and-bust cycleof crop-based agriculture. The risk associated with intermittent crop failures wouldhave been substantially lessened by the ability to obtain nutrients elsewhere.

It is also likely that, during famines, desperation would have forced thelactose intolerant to consume dairy products. Such individuals, however, wouldhave ( 31 ). People who lived through the famine, therefore, would behighly likely to possess the LP allele because the effects of lactose intolerancewould have caused already malnourished people to perish. Additionally,researchers estimate LP-allele carriers would have produced up to 19 percent moreoffspring overall. Over multiple generations, this probably helped people with theallele dominate northern Europe.

(29) 1 served a different purpose then 2 had not yet come into existence3 slowed down human migration 4 originated in hunter-gatherer groups

(30) 1 further genetic mutations2 exploration of new regions3 improved crop-farming techniques4 a more stable food supply

(31) 1 been healthier to begin with 2 gotten certain benefits from milk3 had little chance of survival 4 had no need for the LP allele

2


Grade 1

� 8 �

The Fur TradeThroughout the 1500s, Europeans saw the part of the New World that is now eastern

Canada and the northeastern United States as little more than a rich fishing ground. Butwhen the demand for beaver pelts skyrocketed in response to the rising popularity ofbeaver-fur hats, Europeans began to venture inland, opening the way for the explorationof North America. By the time beaver hats went out of fashion in the mid-1800s, the furtrade had opened up large areas of North America to European settlement and alteredindigenous ways of life irrevocably.

Early on, mutual suspicions between Europeans and native peoples had frequentlyresulted in bloody encounters, with the former regarding the latter as savages whose wayof life and technology were hopelessly primitive. When French explorer Samuel deChamplain began organizing expeditions into what is now Quebec in search of beaverpelts in the early 1600s, however, the French were forced to rethink their notions ofsuperiority. The lightweight, easily maneuverable native canoes, for example, were farbetter suited than unwieldy European boats to the swift, rapids-filled rivers that served asthe main transportation arteries. The French had little choice but to rely on the indigenousinhabitants to help them navigate the wilderness. Although the latter were wary of Frenchmotives and suspicious of the Christian missionaries who accompanied the fur traders,Champlain managed to smooth over past differences and establish an amicablerelationship with the Huron and Algonquin peoples, trading cloth and metal goods withthem in exchange for furs and fresh meat.

At the same time, the Dutch, who were colonizing present-day New York State,began to make overtures to indigenous peoples as well, offering them firearms in returnfor access to furs. They allied with a confederation of tribes known as the Iroquois, whocompeted with the Huron and Algonquin for territory. Alliances and rivalries betweennative groups began to be influenced by European actions. In an effort to secure France’sstatus as a military and trade partner of the Huron, for example, Champlain and nine ofhis men accompanied a Huron war party on an incursion into Iroquois territory. Suchoutside interference, along with heightened competition for fur-hunting territory,eventually led to the Beaver Wars, a series of intertribal conflicts during the mid- to late1600s that contributed to the annihilation of entire tribes and mass migrations ofindigenous peoples.

The involvement of native peoples in the fur trade, and its effect on their way ofliving, exemplified an economic phenomenon known as the “tragedy of the commons.”As their desire for European goods caused them to devote increasing time and resourcesto the fur trade, native peoples abandoned traditional hunting and survival skills. Withincreasing competition and declining beaver stocks, hunters felt compelled to acquire asmany pelts as possible before their rivals could, even though this meant the probableextermination of the beaver. The result was a vicious cycle that led to the ultimatedevastation of both native peoples and the animal that was their livelihood.

Read each passage and choose the best answer from among the

four choices for each question. Then, on your answer sheet, find the

number of the question and mark your answer.3


� 9 �

(32) What happened when the French began exploring the North American interior?1 Native peoples who desired European goods convinced Europeans to shifttheir business interests from fishing to the fur trade.

2 Missionaries who believed that trading with native peoples went againsttheir religion tried to block French efforts to seek help from native tribes.

3 The failure of diplomatic exchanges, as well as conflict over transportationroutes, increased tensions between native peoples and the French.

4 The discovery that their technology was poorly suited to the newenvironment led the French to change their attitude toward native peoples.

(33) In their settlement of North America, the Dutch and the French1 were so concerned with competing against each other they failed to realizeindigenous groups were becoming their competitors in the fur trade.

2 wanted to trade with distant indigenous groups directly, so they drove outthose who were acting as middlemen in the sale of beaver furs.

3 became involved in disputes among native tribes, worsening relationsamong them and ultimately destabilizing their societies.

4 abandoned their attempts to go into Iroquois territory in search of beaverfurs because of frequent and violent conflicts between native tribes.

(34) What does the author of the passage cite as an example of the “tragedy of thecommons”?

1 Europeans warning native peoples to conserve natural resources only sothey themselves could have greater access to those same resources.

2 Europeans disregarding traditional native customs that limited the numberof beavers a person could hunt each year.

3 Native peoples acting in a manner that gained them short-term benefits butnegatively affected their collective long-term interests.

4 Native peoples acquiring so many beaver furs that the prices they were ableto obtain for them declined greatly.


Grade 1

� 10 �

Robotic SurgeryRobotic surgery, in which a surgeon manipulates controllers connected to precision

instruments that have been inserted into a patient’s body, has been lauded for itsefficiency and minimal invasiveness. Advocates contend surgical robots can performprocedures in compact spaces such as the abdominal cavity with smaller incisions, lesstissue damage, and quicker recovery time than traditional techniques. For a few specificoperations, robotic surgery has become the industry standard. Furthermore, there was a400 percent increase in the number of robotic surgeries between 2007 and 2011, and thetechnology continues to spread.

Robotic surgery systems represent a considerable investment for a hospital. Theinitial outlay can exceed $2 million, with additional charges for surgical instruments,which require regular replacement and maintenance. Hospitals are increasingly promotingthe devices in a bid to attract patients and thereby compensate for their expenditures. A2011 Johns Hopkins University study found that 89 percent of U.S. healthcare facilitiesthat used robotic surgery systems promoted the superiority of surgical robots overtraditional surgical techniques on their websites, and 32 percent of the facilities claimedthe devices produced improved outcomes in cancer surgeries assertions for which thestudy’s authors say clear evidence is lacking. There are also indications thatmanufacturers are pressuring hospitals to increase the number of robotic surgeries theyperform in order to profit from sales of replacement instruments. “I think a lot of theuptick in robotic surgery is being driven by marketing and not by evidence-basedmedicine,” says Dr. Jason D. Wright, a surgeon at Columbia University Medical Center,who has criticized the overuse of the devices.

Compounding the issue are studies indicating that robotic systems can lead tocomplications due to equipment failures and a lack of training for surgeons. According toU.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) records, at least 245 serious complications,including 71 deaths, have been attributed to the devices since 2000. Manufacturerscounter that these numbers merely reflect the increased use of the systems and arestatistically insignificant in the context of the 1.5 million robotic surgeries carried outsince the technology was first implemented. However, Dr. Diana Zuckerman, president ofthe National Center for Health Research, believes the FDA reports are just “the tip of theiceberg.” She concluded this after examining studies that cross-referenced the FDAdatabase with news articles about robotic surgery mishaps and found major discrepancies:numerous incidents cited in media coverage and lawsuits were missing from the database.

The controversy surrounding robotic surgery has spurred scientists to rethink its role.They are developing a new generation of robots to independently perform low-levelsurgical procedures, such as removing diseased tissue, taking advantage of their precisemovements and sophisticated software. As robots perform such repetitive tasks moreaccurately than humans, transferring these jobs would not only reduce errors but couldfree up human surgeons, who are in heavy demand, for more-complicated procedures.Whether they are performing surgeries or assisting with them, it seems that, if the safetyissues can be addressed satisfactorily, robots will continue to play a significant role inhealthcare in the years to come.

3


� 11 �

(35) Based on the findings of the Johns Hopkins University study, it seems likely that1 the success of surgical robots in cancer surgery has led hospitals to usethem in other types of operations where they may not be appropriate.

2 surgical robot manufacturers have been attempting to justify the high pricesof the instruments they make by claiming that they rarely need to be replaced.

3 the vast majority of healthcare facilities that perform robotic surgeries spendso much on the devices that their budgets have to be cut in other areas.

4 hospitals have made false or exaggerated claims in advertisements in orderto recover the high costs associated with surgical robots.

(36) What does Diana Zuckerman believe is true of robotic surgery?1 Researchers involved in past safety studies should have taken into accountthe increasing popularity of robotic surgery when they analyzed their findings.

2 There is a high probability that robotic surgery is more dangerous topatients than is indicated by the FDA data that has been reported.

3 The rapidly increasing number of robotic surgeries being performed isleading patients to request them even when they are not appropriate.

4 The high number of lawsuits and news reports centered on robotic surgeryhas resulted in the FDA having an overly negative image of it.

(37) What is true of the surgical robots currently under development?1 Because their work will be more straightforward, they are less likely tocause the type of problems that current robots have been associated with.

2 Advances in software will enable them to perform complicated surgeriesmore safely than the previous generation of robots could.

3 The fact that they will enable surgeons to work with fewer human assistantsmeans the number of errors committed in the operating room will drop.

4 They are being designed to carry out long, complicated operations thathuman surgeons lack the stamina and control to perform.


� 12 �

(38) Ronald Reagan received support for his “rollback” policy because1 demonstrating the immorality of communism was thought more likely to beeffective than using methods such as military or economic aid.

2 the success of the containment policy had shown that the time was right toinfluence the policies of developing countries as well.

3 people believed it would enable him to reduce communist influence in acost-effective way and without directly committing U.S. armed forces.

4 it was clear that the containment policy had been too extreme in its effortsto turn nations away from communism.

(39) Why was Reagan’s “public diplomacy” strategy criticized by some?1 It risked the lives of American journalists and CIA operatives who wereoperating in Nicaragua.

2 It encouraged the Contras to use violent tactics as a way to weaken theNicaraguan government’s authority.

3 It involved cooperating with private-sector firms that had previously beeninvolved in political scandals in the United States.

4 It employed undemocratic strategies such as using propaganda and limitingfree expression to influence opinion in the United States.

During the 1980s, at theheight of the Cold War betweenthe United States and the SovietUnion, then U.S. presidentRonald Reagan brought about aradical change in his nation’s for-eign policy. Earlier presidentshad sought to counter the world-wide spread of communismthrough a policy of “contain-ment,” in which they providedvarious forms of aid in order tohelp other countries resist com-munist expansion. Reagan, fear-ful of the Soviets’ growing influ-ence, particularly in the develop-ing world, instead implemented a“rollback” policy aimed at ac-tively turning nations away fromcommunism by overthrowingtheir governments.Reagan’s top military and

diplomatic officials, as well asmany U.S. conservatives, em-braced the rollback doctrine notonly because they felt a moralduty to defeat communism, butbecause it did not require the in-

volvement of the U.S. militaryand could be carried out for arelatively low cost.Reagan’s strategy ran into

trouble, however, in the CentralAmerican nation of Nicaragua. In1981, Reagan authorized theCentral Intelligence Agency(CIA) to arm and train a group ofright-wing Nicaraguan rebels, theContras. This group was engagedin a brutal guerrilla war againstthe democratically electedSandinista government, whosesocialist reforms and expansionof the military were interpreted asa threat to U.S. interests. The CIAconsequently began funding mili-tary operations in Nicaraguawithout prior Congressionalauthorization. These drew con-demnation from both the U.S.Congress and the internationalcommunity when word of themleaked out. The controversy wasintensified by well-documentedatrocities committed by Contraforces against the civilian popula-

tion. Congress reacted by passinglegislation limiting, and finallyprohibiting, direct assistance tothe Contras.The Reagan administration

responded with a “public diplo-macy” strategy aimed at manipu-lating domestic public sentiment.It hired private-sector firmsto attack anti-Contra lawmakersthrough television and newspaperadvertisements, secretly spon-sored pro-Contra newspaper edi-torials, and pressured journaliststo favor the Contras in their cov-erage of Nicaraguan affairs. Italso targeted activist groups whowere drawing attention to Contraatrocities, subjecting them to CIAinvestigations and harassment.The campaign is perhaps the leastknown, and most disturbing, leg-acy of Reagan’s time in office.According to journalists RobertParry and Peter Kornbluh, the ad-ministration initiated “a set of do-mestic political operations com-parable to what the CIA conducts

Ronald Reagan’s Foreign Policy and the Iran-Contra Scandal


� 13 �

(40) According to the findings of the Congressional hearing,1 NSC staff members such as Oliver North should not have ignored Reagan’sinstructions to keep him informed of efforts to free U.S. hostages.

2 Reagan was to blame for members of his administration ignoring laws thatprohibited the government from funding the Contras’ activities.

3 the CIA should not have tried to cover up attempts by the NSC to illegallysell weapons to the Contras.

4 Congress should have done more to prevent Reagan from promoting lawsthat were in violation of the Constitution.

(41) What is Theodore Draper’s view of the Iran-Contra scandal?1 It was a message to politicians that if they hoped to reach the highest levelsof power, they could benefit by deceiving the press.

2 It was a clear example of top members of the U.S. government abusingtheir power in order to gain personal profit.

3 It demonstrated the tendency of the Reagan administration to ignore thecrimes of officials who had been involved in scandals.

4 It should be a lesson to the American people on the need to preventmembers of government from expanding and abusing their power.

against hostile forces abroad.”Administration officials also

instructed Lieutenant ColonelOliver North of the National Se-curity Council (NSC) to arrangemilitary assistance to the Contrasin defiance of the legislative ban.Faced with the dilemma of howto finance the scheme, Northcame up with the idea of usingprofits from another illegal opera-tion, the sale of arms to Iran, anation that was subject to an in-ternational arms embargo at thetime. These weapons were beingsold in a bid to free U.S. hostagesheld in Lebanon by a militantgroup with Iranian ties. Northcommenced funneling money tothe Contras through a third partyin order to get around the legalrestrictions.When the story first broke in

1986, Reagan admitted Iran hadreceived U.S. weapons but deniedthe arms were a direct exchangefor hostages. For his part, Northstated that he had diverted funds

from arms sales to assist theContras with the approval of hisNSC superiors, and, he presumed,the president.Due to the resulting media

uproar, various investigations, in-cluding a presidential commis-sion and a Congressional hearing,were held. The commissionfaulted Reagan for failing toproperly oversee his subordinatesbut found no evidence linkinghim to the activities of North orthe NSC. The Congressional re-port was harsher, stating that theadministration, through secrecyand deception, had shown “dis-dain for the law.” It also saidReagan himself bore the “ulti-mate responsibility” because theConstitution requires that thepresident “take care that the lawsbe faithfully executed,” a role thatincludes ensuring his subordi-nates are aware of their duty touphold the law.In spite of these findings, only

six NSC and CIA figures were

convicted of crimes; two hadtheir convictions dismissed, andthe rest were later pardoned.Many key figures in the scandal,including then vice presidentGeorge Bush, went on to higherpositions of power in the govern-ment. Thanks perhaps toReagan’s candid acknowledg-ment of his lack of oversight, aswell as his skillful handling of thepress, the Iran-Contra scandalquickly faded from public mem-ory. This dismayed experts likepolitical analyst TheodoreDraper, who believed it wasmuch more than a simple scandal,seeing it rather as a threat to theConstitution and the rule of law.He wrote that if the story of thescandal “is not fully known andunderstood, a similar usurpationof power by a small strategicallyplaced group within the govern-ment may well recur before weare prepared to recognize what ishappening.”


Grade 1

� 14 �

●Write an essay on the given TOPIC covering three of the POINTS below.● Structure: Three or more paragraphs, including an introduction andconclusion● Length: Around 200 words●Write your essay in the space provided on Side B of your answer sheet.Any writing outside the space will not be graded.

TOPICCan international terrorism ever be eliminated?

POINTS● Economic inequality● Education● Financial costs● Historical background● International relations●Military action

English Composition4


� 15 �2015年度第2回検定一次試験（1級） copyright2015　公益財団法人日本英語検定協会無断転載・複製を禁じます

Grade 1

� 16 �

No. 1 1 He does not want to work for Margaret.

2 He felt he deserved to be promoted.

3 He lost his job to Margaret.

4 The woman refused to show him the memo.

No. 2 1 The seminar she attended was a waste of time.

2 She could not complete the business deal.

3 The electronics firm will not negotiate the price.

4 Her ability to negotiate has improved recently.

No. 3 1 The man will not let the woman buy the product.

2 The man is doubtful of the advertisement’s claims.

3 The woman’s father has the same product.

4 The woman prefers to shop at regular stores.

No. 4 1 Stay away from Maggie’s house.

2 Talk to Maggie about her dog.

3 Ask Maggie to buy her some shoes.

4 Avoid confronting Maggie.

Part 1 Dialogues: 1 question each Multiple-choice

Part 2 Passages: 2 questions each Multiple-choice

Part 3 Real-Life: 1 question each Multiple-choice

Part 4 Interview: 2 questions Multiple-choice

Listening Test

There are four parts to this listening test.

※ Listen carefully to the instructions.

Part 1


� 17 �

No. 5 1 He only has 10,000 miles in his account.

2 He can upgrade on certain flights.

3 He needs to use his upgrade by March 30.

4 He can take an international flight.

No. 6 1 Think about spending more on traveling.

2 Be more cautious with their investments.

3 Consider the idea of buying a second home.

4 Ask the Dawsons for advice about second homes.

No. 7 1 He does not feel competent yet.

2 His clients at RCB are dissatisfied.

3 He is not used to having tight deadlines.

4 He does not think RCB’s products will sell.

No. 8 1 The number of people likely to be unemployed.

2 The opinions they have regarding their jobs.

3 The duration of the economic recovery.

4 The value of the jobs being created.

No. 9 1 They cost too much to invest in now.

2 They tend to require a lot of maintenance.

3 They are unlikely to generate the power the couple needs.

4 They are less cost-effective than putting in extra insulation.

No. 10 1 The agencies have found some ideal candidates.

2 Dan should lower his expectations.

3 Philip Johnson’s sales record is not outstanding.

4 Dan should make the final hiring decision.


Grade 1

� 18 �

(A) No. 11 1 Moderate exercise has little effect on overall health.

2 Short, intense workouts can improve fitness.

3 Americans exercise more than official figures show.

4 High-intensity workouts are becoming less popular.

No. 12 1 Its long-term effectiveness is uncertain.

2 It is more likely to benefit women and older people.

3 The official guidance about it is too vague.

4 It has been shown to cause injuries.

(B) No. 13 1 Bees will not take nectar that has a negative charge.

2 Bees use electrical fields to find nectar.

3 Flowers of a certain color attract more bees.

4 Positive charges are harmful to bees’ health.

No. 14 1 The bees had trouble finding the right disks.

2 The bees consumed more sugar water.

3 The bees produced stronger electrical charges.

4 The bees’ sensory ability improved.

Listening Test

Part 2


� 19 �

(C) No. 15 1 New laws regarding blogging are necessary.

2 The politician had no right to meet her accuser.

3 An online accusation harmed the politician’s image.

4 The news blog should compensate the reader.

No. 16 1 Removing their comment sections.

2 Insisting commenters provide personal details.

3 Reporting abusive comments to the police.

4 Banning comments about advertisements.

(D) No. 17 1 It has fewer medical uses than previously thought.

2 It is a mind-altering substance.

3 It has less effect on humans than on mice.

4 It prevents the flow of blood in tumors.

No. 18 1 Create an artificial form of THC.

2 Determine why THC reduces nausea.

3 Increase the levels of THC in marijuana.

4 Ensure that THC remains illegal.

(E) No. 19 1 It should be legal to sell them on the open market.

2 They need to be better protected from hurricanes.

3 Their real value exceeds their current market value.

4 Local people should decide their future.

No. 20 1 The system will be costly to introduce.

2 The voices of voluntary organizations are being ignored.

3 Policymakers are overvaluing many resources.

4 Publicly owned land may be sold.


Grade 1

� 20 �

(F) No. 21 Situation: You are browsing at a local appliance store. Youbought a washing machine there for $700 last week.

Question: What should you do to enter the lottery?

1 Go to the Customer Service counter.

2 Spend an additional $100.

3 Show your receipt at the Autumn Sale table.

4 Purchase a Supermatic Blender.

(G) No. 22 Situation: You are at a literary festival. You have written anovel and want to promote it to some publishers there.

Question: Where should you go first?

1 The Rouge Room.

2 The Grace Gardens.

3 The Big Tent.

4 The Hume Lounge.

Listening Test

Part 3


� 21 �

(H) No. 23 Situation: A veterinarian is explaining options regarding your

sick cat, Charlie. The cat spends most of his time

outdoors. You can afford no more than $200.

Question: What should you do first?

1 Put Charlie on a special diet.

2 Have Charlie tested for allergies.

3 Treat Charlie for a bacterial infection.

4 Have Charlie tested for parasites.

(I) No. 24 Situation: You and your husband own a small business. Youwant a retirement plan both of you can contribute to

and borrow from. You hear the following at a

personal-finance seminar.

Question: Which plan should you choose?

1 The 4-S plan.

2 The LLP plan.

3 The Active-3 plan.

4 The Savings Match plan.

(J) No. 25 Situation: You have been a sales representative for three yearsat the same company. Your supervisor is giving you

advice for the coming year.

Question: What should you do to improve your chances ofpromotion?

1 Apply to become a manager.

2 Focus more on current clients.

3 Find more new customers.

4 Increase your product knowledge.


Grade 1

� 22 �

No. 26 1 New regulations mean higher prices for consumers.

2 Parliament is taking too long to introduce competition.

3 Companies may have to share their pipe networks.

4 Few companies can afford to upgrade their pipe networks.

No. 27 1 It produces energy used to power people’s homes.

2 Grimsby residents do not want the waste sent to their town.

3 Energy-conversion costs make the project unprofitable.

4 It is difficult to safely dispose of the carbon it produces.

Listening Test

Part 4


� 23 �2015年度第2回検定一次試験（1級） copyright2015　公益財団法人日本英語検定協会無断転載・複製を禁じます

■一次試験の結果について■

1）英検ウェブサイトでの解答速報（http://www.eiken.or.jp）

＊解答速報 10月12日 13:00以降

2）結果通知方法

◆個人申込みの場合

一次個人成績表に合否結果を記載して，11月2日までに送付します（合格の場合は，一次個人成績

表の右上部分が二次受験票になります）。未着の場合は11月4日以降に英検サービスセンター03（3266）

8311（平日10:00～17:00）までお問い合わせください（お問い合わせの際には受験番号もお知らせ

ください）。

◆団体申込みの場合

一次試験の結果は，11月2日までに申込責任者あてに送付します（個人あてには送付しません）。

3）合否および得点の通知について

合格者には「合格」，不合格者には合格ラインに近い順より「不合格Ａ」「不合格Ｂ」の2段階で

合否結果を通知します。また，合格点，解答状況，大問別得点，および「語い・熟語」「読解」「作文」

「リスニング」の各分野別得点も表示されます。なお，各分野は下記の大問により測定されます。

＊「語い・熟語」大問［1］

＊「読解」大問［2］・［3］

＊「作文」大問［4］

＊「リスニング」 Part 1～4

■二次試験について（一次試験合格者のみ）■

1）試験日 2015年11月8日（日）

2）受験地（全国11都市に限ります）

解答用紙（Ａ面）の二次希望受験地の中から希望の受験地を選び，マークしてください。

3）受験会場と集合時刻（協会が指定します）

二次受験票（一次個人成績表の右上部分）で通知します。これを切り離してお持ちください。

ダブル受験（1級と準1級）で一次試験をどちらの級も合格した方は，午前に準1級，午後に1級の

受験となります。

英検ウェブサイト携帯版

Documents

Eiken Test